Automatic opening and closing device for a lid and control method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses an automatic opening and closing device of a material cover and a control method thereof. The device is provided with a lock box, the lock box is fixed on the material cover used for plugging a container port, and the outer end edge of the lock box is rotatably installed on the container port. A lock cover part is fixed on the container port, and a lock hole is formed in the lock cover part. A telescopic cover opening mechanism is installed on the inner wall of the lock box at a non-telescopic end and rotatably installed on the container port at a telescopic end, and a lock shaft is installed on the non-telescopic end of the telescopic cover opening mechanism. When the telescopic end of the telescopic cover opening mechanism is elongated to cause the material cover to close the container port, the axis of the lock hole, the telescopic end of the telescopic cover opening mechanism and the lock shaft are collinear. The device has a compact structure and is convenient to operate, can realize automatic opening and closing of the material cover, does not need an operator to perform high-altitude operation, effectively reduces the labor intensity of workers, improves operation safety and production efficiency, and is provided with a manual cover opening mechanism. The material cover can be selectively opened in a manual opening mode, various cover opening modes are provided, and the device has high practicability.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tank truck loading and unloading, in particular to an automatic opening and closing device for a material cover and a control method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] A tank truck is a transport vehicle with a tank-shaped body, used to transport various liquids, liquefied gases, and powdered goods, including gasoline, crude oil, various viscous oils, vegetable oil, liquid ammonia, alcohol, water, various acid and alkali liquids, cement, and lead oxide powder. During loading and unloading operations, the material cover of the tank truck needs to be opened and closed. Traditional manual operation requires the operator to manually open and close the tank cover from the top of the vehicle, which is inefficient and unsafe, especially for corrosive, flammable, and explosive hazardous materials. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an automatic opening and closing mechanism that is convenient to operate and safe and efficient. SUMMARY

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide an automatic opening and closing device for a material cover, which has a reasonable structure and can automatically open and close the material cover.

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is solved by the following technical solution. An automatic opening and closing device for a material cover, the device has:

[0005] A lock box is fixed on the material cover used to block the container port, and the outer edge of the lock box is rotatably installed on the container port.

[0006] A lock cover is fixed on the container port, and a lock hole is formed in the lock cover.

[0007] A telescopic cover opening mechanism is installed on the inner wall of the lock box at the non-telescopic end and rotatably installed on the container port at the telescopic end, and a lock shaft is installed on the non-telescopic end of the telescopic cover opening mechanism.

[0008] When the telescopic cover opening mechanism is extended, the lock hole, the telescopic end of the telescopic cover opening mechanism, and the axis of the lock shaft are collinear.

[0009] Preferably, a manual cover opening mechanism is provided on the lock box, which has a drive rod and a manual intervention cover opening plate.

[0010] One end of the drive rod is fixedly connected to the telescopic cover opening mechanism and is set as a fixed end, and the other end is set as a driving end. A lock box driving slot is formed in the lock box, one end of the lock box driving slot is set as a lock box driving slot starting end, and the other end is set as a lock box driving slot ending end.

[0011] The manual intervention cover plate is rotatably installed on the lock box, and a manual intervention cover plate driving groove is formed in the manual intervention cover plate, one end of the manual intervention cover plate driving groove is set as a manual intervention cover plate driving groove starting end, and the other end is set as a manual intervention cover plate driving groove ending end, the positions of the manual intervention cover plate driving groove starting end and the lock box driving groove starting end and the positions of the manual intervention cover plate driving groove ending end and the lock box driving groove ending end correspond to each other when the manual intervention cover plate is not rotated, and the stroke track of the manual intervention cover plate driving groove is the same as the stroke track of the lock box driving groove.

[0012] An arc-shaped pushing groove is further formed in the manual intervention cover plate, one end of the arc-shaped pushing groove is set as an arc-shaped pushing groove starting end, and the other end is set as an arc-shaped pushing groove ending end, and the arc-shaped pushing groove starting end is in communication with the manual intervention cover plate driving groove ending end.

[0013] The driving end of the driving rod is located in the lock box driving groove and the manual intervention cover plate driving groove, and the stroke from the lock box driving groove starting end / manual intervention cover plate driving groove starting end to the lock box driving groove ending end / manual intervention cover plate driving groove ending end is equal to the stroke of the lock shaft during entering / leaving the lock hole to realize the locking / unlocking of the cover, and an arc-shaped pushing surface is formed on the inner circumferential surface of the arc-shaped pushing groove, which can push the outer circumferential surface of the driving end of the driving rod when the manual intervention cover plate is manually pushed.

[0014] When the manual intervention cover plate is manually pushed and rotated, the arc-shaped pushing surface causes the driving end of the driving rod to have a pushing force in the opening direction of the lock box driving groove / manual intervention cover plate driving groove, so that the driving end of the driving rod moves from the lock box driving groove ending end to the lock box driving groove starting end, so as to achieve the state that the lock shaft leaves the lock hole, that is, the cover is unlocked.

[0015] Preferably, the opening directions of the lock box driving groove and the manual intervention cover plate driving groove are the same as the installation direction of the telescopic cover opening mechanism.

[0016] Preferably, an auxiliary locking mechanism is arranged on the lock box, and the locking mechanism has a moving piece and a retreat-preventing piece.

[0017] The moving piece is fixed on the non- telescopic end of the telescopic cover opening mechanism.

[0018] The retreat-preventing piece includes a push-pull electromagnet, and the telescopic end of the push-pull electromagnet is opposite to the moving piece, so as to further lock the non- telescopic end of the telescopic cover opening mechanism when the cover seals the container port.

[0019] Preferably, a locking mechanism for fixing the relative positions of the lock box and the manual intervention cover plate is detachably installed between the lock box and the manual intervention cover plate.

[0020] Preferably, the locking mechanism is a button lock.

[0021] Preferably, an adjusting screw hole for adjusting the axial distance of the lock shaft is arranged on the non- telescopic end of the telescopic cover opening mechanism, and one end of the lock shaft is threadedly connected with the adjusting screw hole.

[0022] Preferably, the container port is a tank truck feed port of a tank truck, and the cover is a manhole cover of the tank truck for plugging the tank truck feed port / manhole.

[0023] Preferably, a sealing groove for mounting a sealing member is arranged on the end edge of the cover, and a sealing member for improving the sealing performance of the cover is arranged in the sealing groove.

[0024] Preferably, a control method of the automatic opening and closing device of the cover is used to control the automatic opening and closing device of the cover in any of the above technical solutions, and the steps are as follows:

[0025] (1) Accessory installation:

[0026] Sensors I, II and III are arranged on the lock box and the telescopic cover opening mechanism.

[0027] (2) Automatic cover opening of the cover:

[0028] First, the telescopic end of the telescopic cover opening mechanism is driven to contract, at this time, the non- telescopic end of the telescopic cover opening mechanism approaches the telescopic end of the telescopic cover opening mechanism, the sensor II is arranged to detect that the moving part approaches the stop part, the telescopic end of the stop part, i.e. the push-pull electromagnet, is driven to contract and does not interfere with the moving part, when the stop part, i.e. the push-pull electromagnet, completely passes the moving part, the telescopic end of the push-pull electromagnet is reset to the initial state, the sensor III is arranged to detect that the cover is in the maximum open state, the telescopic end of the telescopic cover opening mechanism is driven to stop contracting, and the cover opening action is completed, and the feeding action to the container port is performed.

[0029] (3) Automatic cover closing of the cover:

[0030] First, the telescopic end of the telescopic cover opening mechanism is driven to extend, at this time, the non- telescopic end of the telescopic cover opening mechanism is away from the telescopic end of the telescopic cover opening mechanism, when the sensor II detects that the moving part approaches the stop part, the telescopic end of the stop part, i.e. the push-pull electromagnet, is driven to contract and does not interfere with the moving part, when the stop part, i.e. the push-pull electromagnet, completely passes the moving part, the telescopic end of the push-pull electromagnet is reset to the initial state, the sensor I is arranged to detect that the lock shaft extends into the lock hole, the telescopic end of the telescopic cover opening mechanism is driven to stop extending, at this time, the automatic opening and closing device of the cover is in the cover closing and locking state.

[0031] (4) Manual cover opening of the cover:

[0032] First take down the lock box and manual intervention between the cover plate locking mechanism, manual intervention dial cover plate, at this time the inner periphery of the arc-shaped push slot that is push arc surface to drive lever drive end push, in order to make the telescopic cover mechanism telescopic end contraction, resulting in lock shaft from the lock hole, realize the material cover unlocking state, continue to dial manual intervention cover plate until the support slope and container mouth contact can be completely open material cover.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the present application are:

[0034] (1) The device has compact structure, convenient operation, can realize automatic opening and closing of the material cover, does not need operators to climb, effectively reduces the labor intensity of workers, improves the operation safety and production efficiency;

[0035] (2) The manual cover opening mechanism is configured, and the material cover can be selectively opened by manual opening, so that multiple cover opening modes are provided for the material cover, and the practicality is high. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 is a perspective view of the present application;

[0037] Figure 2 is a top view of the present application;

[0038] Figure 3 is a left view of the present application;

[0039] Figure 4 is a left view of the partial section;

[0040] Figure 5 is a schematic view when the material cover is opened;

[0041] Figure 6 is a schematic view of dialing the manual intervention cover plate to unlock the material cover by the lock shaft;

[0042] Figure 7 is Figure 1 the partial enlarged structure schematic view.

[0043] In the figure, 1 is a lock box; 2 is an adjusting screw hole; 3 is a material cover; 4 is a lock cover; 5 is a telescopic cover mechanism; 6 is a lock shaft; 7 is a lock hole; 8 is a drive rod; 9 is a manual intervention cover plate; 10 is a support slope; 11 is a lock box drive slot starting end; 12 is a lock box drive slot end; 13 is a moving piece; 14 is a retreat stop piece; 15 is a locking mechanism; 16 is an arc-shaped push slot starting end; 17 is an arc-shaped push slot end; 18 is a manual intervention cover plate drive slot starting end; 19 is a manual intervention cover plate drive slot end. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The specific technical solutions of the present application are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings to facilitate further understanding of the present application by those skilled in the art without limiting the rights thereof.

[0045] Embodiment 1, refer to Figures 1-7 An automatic opening and closing device of a cover, the device has:

[0046] The lock box 1 is formed into a substantially square box structure, and is fixed on the cover 3 for plugging the container port, that is, the cover 3 is located directly below the lock box 1, and the two are detachably connected as a whole by bolts. The outer end of the lock box 1 is rotatably mounted on the container port, and the rotatable mounting can be achieved by hinging, which is not limited to this connection method.

[0047] The lock cover 4 is actually used in cooperation with the lock shaft 6 on the telescopic cover opening mechanism 5, like the plug seat of a split plug lock, which can be a square structure, and is fixed on the container port, which can be the inlet of any container that needs to be selectively closed / opened by the cover 3. When the container is a tanker as in Embodiment 8, the container port is the filling port of the tanker, and the cover 3 is a round cover for plugging the filling port. A lock hole 7 is formed in the lock cover 4, which can be concentrically assembled with the lock shaft 6 described below and achieve the locked state of the cover 3.

[0048] The telescopic cover opening mechanism 5 can be a telescopic power mechanism such as an electric cylinder, and its non- telescopic end is mounted on the inner wall of the lock box 1, and the telescopic end is rotatably mounted on the container port. The lock shaft 6 is mounted on the non- telescopic end of the telescopic cover opening mechanism 5, and is formed into a substantially rod-shaped structure.

[0049] When the telescopic cover opening mechanism 5 is extended to close the container port, the lock hole 7, the telescopic end of the telescopic cover opening mechanism 5 and the axis of the lock shaft 6 are collinear, thereby forming a locked state, that is, the cover 3 cannot be opened by itself at this time.

[0050] In Embodiment 1, the lock box 1, the cover 3 and the telescopic cover opening mechanism 5 are actually formed into a relatively fixed integrated structure after installation. The extension and contraction of the telescopic end of the telescopic cover opening mechanism 5 achieves the locked state and the unlocked state with the lock cover 4, thereby achieving the action of automatically closing or opening the cover 3.

[0051] Embodiment 2, the automatic opening and closing device of the cover as described in Embodiment 1 is provided with a manual cover opening mechanism on the lock box 1. The manual cover opening mechanism has a drive rod 8 and a manually intervened cover opening plate 9. The drive rod 8 is formed into a substantially rod-shaped structure, and is substantially perpendicular to the lock box 1 and the manually intervened cover opening plate 9.

[0052] One end of the driving rod 8 is fixedly connected with the telescopic cover opening mechanism 5 and is set as a fixed end, and the other end is set as a driving end. A lock box driving slot is formed on the lock box 1. One end of the lock box driving slot is set as a lock box driving slot starting end 11, and the other end is set as a lock box driving slot ending end 12. The lock box driving slot and the following manual intervention cover opening plate driving slot are formed as a generally waist-shaped slot structure.

[0053] The manual intervention cover opening plate 9 is rotatably installed on the lock box 1. A manual intervention cover opening plate driving slot is formed on the manual intervention cover opening plate. One end of the manual intervention cover opening plate driving slot is set as a manual intervention cover opening plate driving slot starting end 18, and the other end is set as a manual intervention cover opening plate driving slot ending end 19. When the manual intervention cover opening plate 9 is not rotated, the positions of the manual intervention cover opening plate driving slot starting end 18 and the lock box driving slot starting end 11 and the positions of the manual intervention cover opening plate driving slot ending end 19 and the lock box driving slot ending end 12 are correspondingly set. The travel trajectory of the manual intervention cover opening plate driving slot is the same as that of the lock box driving slot.

[0054] An arc-shaped pushing slot is also formed on the manual intervention cover opening plate 9. The arc-shaped pushing slot is formed as a generally arc-shaped structure. One end of the arc-shaped pushing slot is set as an arc-shaped pushing slot starting end 16, and the other end is set as an arc-shaped pushing slot ending end 17. The arc-shaped pushing slot starting end 16 is in communication with the manual intervention cover opening plate driving slot ending end 19.

[0055] The driving end of the driving rod 8 is located in the lock box driving slot and the manual intervention cover opening plate driving slot. The travel distance from the lock box driving slot starting end 11 / manual intervention cover opening plate driving slot starting end 18 to the lock box driving slot ending end 12 / manual intervention cover opening plate driving slot ending end 19 is equal to the travel distance of the lock shaft 6 during the process of entering / leaving the lock hole 7 to realize the locking / unlocking of the cover 3. An arc-shaped pushing surface is formed on the inner circumferential surface of the arc-shaped pushing slot. When the manual intervention cover opening plate 9 is manually rotated, the arc-shaped pushing surface can push the outer circumferential surface of the driving end of the driving rod 8.

[0056] When the manual intervention cover opening plate 9 is manually rotated, the arc-shaped pushing surface causes a pushing force on the driving end of the driving rod 8 along the opening direction of the lock box driving slot / manual intervention cover opening plate driving slot, so that the driving end of the driving rod 8 moves from the lock box driving slot ending end 12 to the lock box driving slot starting end 11, thereby achieving the state that the lock shaft 6 leaves the lock hole 7, i.e., the cover 3 is unlocked.

[0057] In the embodiment 2, it is necessary to note that during the whole process of manually opening the cover 3 by the manual opening mechanism, that is, during the period when the telescopic end of the telescopic opening mechanism 5 changes from the extended state to the retracted state, that is, during the manual unlocking of the cover 3: since the driving end of the driving rod 8 is always located in the lock box driving groove, the manual intervention opening plate driving groove and the arc-shaped pushing groove, when the driving end of the driving rod 8 reaches the end 11 of the lock box driving groove from the end 12 of the lock box driving groove, the driving end of the driving rod 8 also reaches the end 16 of the arc-shaped pushing groove from the end 17 of the arc-shaped pushing groove at the same time.

[0058] In addition, the arc-shaped pushing groove is designed in an arc-shaped structure because during the rotation of the manual intervention opening plate 9, the inner circumferential surface of the arc-shaped pushing groove, that is, the pushing arc surface, can cause a vertical upward pushing force and a pushing force towards the opening direction of the lock box driving groove / manual intervention opening plate driving groove on the outer circumferential surface of the driving end of the driving rod 8, which pushes the driving end of the driving rod 8, and since the fixed end of the driving rod 8 is fixed to the telescopic opening mechanism 5, the telescopic opening mechanism 5 is also pushed, causing the telescopic end of the telescopic opening mechanism 5 to be pushed and retracted into the telescopic opening mechanism 5, and during the pushing of the telescopic opening mechanism 5, the lock shaft 6 in the lock hole 7 is also caused to be separated from the lock hole 7, achieving the unlocking of the cover 3.

[0059] In the embodiment 3, the automatic opening and closing device of the cover as described in the embodiment 2, the opening directions of the lock box driving groove and the manual intervention opening plate driving groove are the same as the mounting direction of the telescopic opening mechanism 5.

[0060] In the embodiment 4, the automatic opening and closing device of the cover as described in the embodiment 1, an auxiliary locking mechanism is arranged on the lock box 1, and the locking mechanism has a moving piece 13 and a retreat stopping piece 14.

[0061] The moving piece 13 is fixed to the non-telescopic end of the telescopic opening mechanism 5, and the moving piece 13 is formed in a substantially square plate structure.

[0062] The retreat stopping piece 14 includes a push-pull electromagnet, and the telescopic end of the push-pull electromagnet is opposite to the moving piece 13, so as to further lock the non-telescopic end of the telescopic opening mechanism 5 when the cover 3 closes the container opening.

[0063] In the embodiment 5, the automatic opening and closing device of the cover as described in the embodiment 1, a locking mechanism 15 for keeping the relative positions of the lock box 1 and the manual intervention opening plate 9 fixed is detachably mounted between the lock box 1 and the manual intervention opening plate 9.

[0064] In the embodiment 5, the lock box 1 and the manual intervention opening plate 9 are optionally fixed as a whole, that is, the lock box 1 and the manual intervention opening plate 9 are fixed as a whole without the manual opening of the cover 3.

[0065] The automatic opening and closing device for the material cover of the embodiment 6 is the automatic opening and closing device for the material cover of the embodiment 5, and the locking mechanism 15 is a button lock.

[0066] In the embodiment 6, the button lock is actually a button lock with a key, and the design purpose is to prevent the material cover from being opened illegally.

[0067] The automatic opening and closing device for the material cover of the embodiment 7 is the automatic opening and closing device for the material cover of the embodiment 1, and the non- telescopic end of the telescopic cover opening mechanism 5 is provided with an adjusting screw hole 2 for adjusting the axial distance of the lock shaft 6, and one end of the lock shaft 6 is threadedly connected with the adjusting screw hole 2.

[0068] In the embodiment 7, the adjusting screw hole 2 is actually a blind hole with an internal thread, which enables the one end of the lock shaft 6 to move axially along the internal thread blind hole, so as to adjust the axial distance of the lock shaft 6.

[0069] The automatic opening and closing device for the material cover of the embodiment 8 is the automatic opening and closing device for the material cover of the embodiment 1, and the top of the lock box 1 is provided with a support inclined surface 10 which is in contact with the container mouth when the material cover 3 is in the open state, so as to keep the material cover 3 in the open state, and the support inclined surface 10 is located on the top of the lock box 1 above the telescopic cover opening mechanism 5.

[0070] In the embodiment 8, the design purpose of the support inclined surface 10 is to be in contact with the container mouth when the material cover 3 is in the open state, so as to keep the material cover 3 in the open state, and facilitate the feeding.

[0071] The automatic opening and closing device for the material cover of the embodiment 9 is the automatic opening and closing device for the material cover of any one of the embodiments 1-8, and the container mouth is a tank truck feeding port, and the material cover 3 is a manhole cover for blocking the tank truck feeding port / manhole on the tank truck.

[0072] In the embodiment 9, when the container mouth is a tank truck feeding port, that is, the automatic opening and closing device for the material cover can selectively open and close the material cover 3 on the tank truck, which solves the problem of inconvenient application caused by the fact that the tank truck can only be manually opened or the current automatic opening device is relatively large in size.

[0073] The automatic opening and closing device for the material cover of the embodiment 10 is the automatic opening and closing device for the material cover of the embodiment 9, and the end edge of the material cover 3 is provided with a sealing groove for mounting a sealing member, and a sealing member for improving the sealing performance of the material cover is arranged in the sealing groove.

[0074] The automatic opening and closing device for the material cover of the embodiment 10 is the automatic opening and closing device for the material cover of the embodiment 9, and the end edge of the material cover is provided with a sealing groove for mounting a sealing member, and the sealing groove is formed into a substantially annular groove, a sealing member for improving the sealing performance of the material cover 3 is arranged in the sealing groove, and the sealing member can be a sealing rubber strip but is not limited thereto, and the design purpose is to improve the sealing effect of the end edge of the material cover.

[0075] Example 11, an automatic opening and closing device for a material cover as described in Example 1, the control method is used to control any one of the automatic opening and closing devices for a material cover in Examples 1-10, the steps of which are as follows:

[0076] (1) Installation of accessories:

[0077] Sensors I, II, and III are configured on the lock box 1 and the telescopic opening mechanism 5. Sensors I, II, and III can be reed sensors.

[0078] (2) Automatic opening of the material cover:

[0079] First, the telescopic end of the telescopic opening mechanism 5 is retracted. At this time, the non-installation end of the telescopic opening mechanism 5 moves closer to the telescopic end of the telescopic opening mechanism 5. Sensor II is configured so that when sensor II detects that the moving part 13 is close to the stop part 14, the telescopic end of the stop part 14, i.e. the push-pull electromagnet, is retracted and does not block or interfere with the moving part 13. When the stop part 14, i.e. the push-pull electromagnet, completely passes the moving part 13, the telescopic end of the push-pull electromagnet is reset to the initial state. Sensor III is configured so that when sensor III detects that the material cover 3 is in the maximum open state, the telescopic end of the telescopic opening mechanism 5 is stopped from retracting and the opening action is completed. Then, the material can be added to the container opening. The installation positions of sensor I, sensor II and sensor III can be set according to the usage requirements, so their specific installation positions will not be described here.

[0080] (3) Automatic closing of the material cover:

[0081] First, the telescopic end of the telescopic opening mechanism 5 is extended. At this time, the non-installation end of the telescopic opening mechanism 5 is far away from the telescopic end of the telescopic opening mechanism 5. When the sensor II detects that the moving part 13 is close to the stop part 14, the telescopic end of the stop part 14, i.e. the push-pull electromagnet, retracts and does not block or interfere with the moving part 13. When the stop part 14, i.e. the push-pull electromagnet, completely passes the moving part 13, the telescopic end of the push-pull electromagnet returns to the initial state. The sensor I is configured so that when the sensor I detects that the locking shaft 6 is inserted into the lock hole 7, the telescopic end of the telescopic opening mechanism 5 stops extending. At this time, the automatic opening and closing device of the material cover 3 is in the closed and locked state.

[0082] (4) Manual opening of the material cover:

[0083] First, remove the locking mechanism 15 between the lock box 1 and the manual intervention opening plate 9. Manually move the manual intervention opening plate 9. At this time, the inner circumferential surface of the arc-shaped push groove, i.e. the push arc surface, pushes the drive end of the drive rod 8, thereby causing the telescopic end of the telescopic opening mechanism 5 to retract, causing the lock shaft 6 to disengage from the lock hole 7, thus unlocking the material cover 3. Continue to move the manual intervention opening plate 9 until the support slope 10 contacts the container opening to fully open the material cover 3.

Claims

1. An automatic opening and closing device for a material cover, characterized in that, The device has: The lock box is fixed on the cover for plugging the container mouth, and the outer end of the lock box is rotatably installed on the container mouth; The lock cover is fixed on the container mouth, and a lock hole is formed in the lock cover; The non- telescopic end of the telescopic cover opening mechanism is installed on the inner wall of the lock box, and the telescopic end is rotatably installed on the container mouth; The lock shaft is installed on the non- telescopic end of the telescopic cover opening mechanism; When the telescopic cover opening mechanism is extended to close the container mouth, the lock hole, the telescopic end of the telescopic cover opening mechanism and the axis of the lock shaft are collinear; A hand-operated cover opening mechanism is arranged on the lock box, and the hand-operated cover opening mechanism has a driving rod and a hand-operated cover opening plate; One end of the driving rod is fixedly connected with the telescopic cover opening mechanism and is arranged as a fixed end, and the other end is arranged as a driving end; A lock box driving groove is formed in the lock box, one end of the lock box driving groove is arranged as a lock box driving groove starting end, and the other end is arranged as a lock box driving groove ending end; The hand-operated cover opening plate is rotatably installed on the lock box, a hand-operated cover opening plate driving groove is formed in the hand-operated cover opening plate, one end of the hand-operated cover opening plate driving groove is arranged as a hand-operated cover opening plate driving groove starting end, and the other end is arranged as a hand-operated cover opening plate driving groove ending end; When the hand-operated cover opening plate is not rotated, the hand-operated cover opening plate driving groove starting end and the lock box driving groove starting end are correspondingly arranged, and the hand-operated cover opening plate driving groove ending end and the lock box driving groove ending end are correspondingly arranged; An arc-shaped pushing groove is also formed in the hand-operated cover opening plate, one end of the arc-shaped pushing groove is arranged as an arc-shaped pushing groove starting end, and the other end is arranged as an arc-shaped pushing groove ending end; The driving end of the driving rod is located in the lock box driving groove and the hand-operated cover opening plate driving groove, and the stroke from the lock box driving groove starting end / hand-operated cover opening plate driving groove starting end to the lock box driving groove ending end / hand-operated cover opening plate driving groove ending end is equal to the stroke of the lock shaft during entering / leaving the lock hole to realize the locking / unlocking of the cover; An inner circumferential surface of the arc-shaped pushing groove is formed with a pushing arc surface which can push the outer circumferential surface of the driving end of the driving rod when the hand-operated cover opening plate is manually rotated; When the hand-operated cover opening plate is manually rotated, the pushing arc surface causes the driving end of the driving rod to move from the lock box driving groove ending end to the lock box driving groove starting end, so as to achieve the state that the lock shaft leaves the lock hole and the cover is unlocked; An auxiliary locking mechanism is arranged on the lock box, and the locking mechanism has a moving piece and a retreat stopping piece; The moving piece is fixed on the non- telescopic end of the telescopic cover opening mechanism; The retreat stopping piece is arranged on the lock box. The retreat-preventing piece comprises a push-pull electromagnet, and the telescopic end of the push-pull electromagnet is opposite to the moving piece, so that the non-telescopic end of the telescopic cover-opening mechanism can be further locked when the cover seals the container mouth; the locking mechanism for keeping the lock box and the manually intervened cover-opening plate opposite and fixed is detachably installed between the lock box and the manually intervened cover-opening plate; the locking mechanism is a button lock; the non-telescopic end of the telescopic cover-opening mechanism is provided with an adjusting screw hole for adjusting the axial distance of the lock shaft, and one end of the lock shaft is threadedly connected with the adjusting screw hole; the container mouth is a tank truck feed inlet of a tank truck, and the cover is a manhole cover for sealing the tank truck feed inlet / manhole of the tank truck; the end edge of the cover is provided with a sealing groove for installing a sealing piece, and the sealing piece for improving the sealing property of the cover is arranged in the sealing groove.

2. A control method of the automatic opening and closing device of the lid, the control method being used to control the automatic opening and closing device of the lid according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps are as follows: (1) accessory installation: the sensors I, II and III are arranged on the lock box and the telescopic cover-opening mechanism; (2) automatic cover opening of the cover: first, the telescopic end of the telescopic cover-opening mechanism is driven to contract, at this time, the non-installed end of the telescopic cover-opening mechanism approaches the telescopic end of the telescopic cover-opening mechanism, the sensor II is arranged so that the sensor II detects that the moving piece approaches the retreat-preventing piece, the telescopic end of the retreat-preventing piece, i.e. the push-pull electromagnet, is contracted and does not interfere with the moving piece, when the retreat-preventing piece, i.e. the push-pull electromagnet, completely passes the moving piece, the telescopic end of the push-pull electromagnet is reset to the initial state, the sensor III is arranged so that the sensor III detects that the cover is in the maximum open state, the telescopic end of the telescopic cover-opening mechanism is driven to stop contracting, and the cover opening action is completed, and then the cover can be opened to the container mouth for feeding; (3) automatic cover closing of the cover: first, the telescopic end of the telescopic cover-opening mechanism is driven to extend, at this time, the non-installed end of the telescopic cover-opening mechanism is away from the telescopic end of the telescopic cover-opening mechanism, when the sensor II detects that the moving piece approaches the retreat-preventing piece, the telescopic end of the retreat-preventing piece, i.e. the push-pull electromagnet, is contracted and does not interfere with the moving piece, when the retreat-preventing piece, i.e. the push-pull electromagnet, completely passes the moving piece, the telescopic end of the push-pull electromagnet is reset to the initial state, the sensor I is arranged so that the sensor I detects that the lock shaft extends into the lock hole, the telescopic end of the telescopic cover-opening mechanism is driven to stop extending, at this time, the automatic opening and closing device of the cover is in the cover closing and locking state; (4) manual cover opening of the cover: first, the locking mechanism between the lock box and the manually intervened cover-opening plate is removed, the manually intervened cover-opening plate is manually rotated, at this time, the inner circumferential surface of the arc-shaped pushing groove, i.e. the pushing arc surface, pushes the driving end of the driving rod, so that the telescopic end of the telescopic cover-opening mechanism is contracted, the lock shaft is separated from the lock hole, and the cover is in the unlocking state, the manually intervened cover-opening plate is continuously rotated until the supporting inclined surface contacts the container mouth, and then the cover can be completely opened. ​ ​ ​ ​

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