Cutting mechanism with advanced jet function and mining equipment

Abstract

The application discloses a cutting mechanism with a super jet flow function and mining equipment, which comprises a disc cutter, a milling shaft, a jet nozzle, a vibrating shaft, a hydraulic motor and a driving device, the front end of the milling shaft is connected with the disc cutter, the driving device controls the reciprocating movement of the milling shaft, the jet nozzle is evenly arranged in groups on the cutting edge of the disc cutter, the vibrating shaft is provided with an eccentric block, the rear end of the vibrating shaft is connected with the hydraulic motor, and the front end of the vibrating shaft is fixedly connected in the sealing cover of the disc cutter; the hydraulic motor is arranged in the milling shaft and is used for driving the vibrating shaft and the eccentric block; the driving device is selected from a right-angle motor or a reciprocating rotary mechanism, the right-angle motor is provided with a stroke positioning device, the stroke positioning device is arranged in the shell, and the reciprocating rotation of the milling shaft is limited; the application has the advantages of improving the rock breaking capacity of hard rock, effectively reducing the stress load of the disc cutter, making the wear more uniform, and being applicable to the mining operation of hard rock ore bodies.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mining equipment, specifically to a cutting mechanism and mining equipment with advanced jet function. Background Technology

[0002] Longitudinal shaft tunneling machines (TBMs), commonly used in underground mining, suffer from poor stress conditions on their cutting teeth, resulting in low efficiency and frequent tooth breakage when milling hard rock, and have been proven unsuitable for hard rock mining. Horizontal shaft TBMs offer relatively better milling capabilities in hard rock, but the stick-slip vibration caused by the difficulty of the cutting teeth penetrating hard rock often leads to reduced rock-breaking efficiency and accelerated tooth wear. For example, a 300kW milling head achieves an efficiency of less than 10 m³ / h when breaking hard rock with a strength of 150 MPa, and tooth consumption can reach as high as 10 teeth / m³ under high abrasive conditions. TBMs, with their immense propulsion force, can crush hard rock, but their large size, poor flexibility, and fixed cross-sectional shape limit their suitability for mining complex deep ore bodies. Achieving efficient mechanized crushing of hard rock in space-constrained environments has become a key challenge in the rapid mining of deep hard rock and is one of the hot research topics in mechanized underground hard rock mining.

[0003] In the face of hard rock environments in deep earth environments, in order to achieve safe, efficient and green mining of hard ore resources, it is urgent to innovate hard rock cutting methods to improve the rapid mining operations of hard rock masses in confined spaces. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical shortcomings, the purpose of this invention is to provide a cutting mechanism and mining equipment with advanced jet function, which improves the rock-breaking ability of hard rock, effectively reduces the stress load on the disc cutter, and makes wear more uniform, making it suitable for mining operations in hard rock ore bodies.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] This invention provides a cutting mechanism and mining equipment with advanced jet function, comprising:

[0007] A disc-shaped hob, wherein the disc-shaped hob is equipped with a water jet system;

[0008] A milling shaft, which is a hollow shaft, has its front end connected to a disc hob and its rear end fixedly connected to the output end of a slewing bearing.

[0009] A hydraulic motor, which is fixedly installed inside the milling shaft;

[0010] A vibrating shaft, the front end of which is connected to a disc roller cutter, and the rear end of which is connected to the output shaft of a hydraulic motor, and an eccentric block is also provided on the vibrating shaft;

[0011] The outer casing has its front end rotatably connected to the milling shaft, and its rear end connected to the square outer casing of the tunneling machine.

[0012] A high-frequency solenoid valve is installed on a pipe connected to the flow channel of the disc cutter, and is used to control the opening and closing of the water jet system.

[0013] The drive device is used to drive the milling axis to perform reciprocating rotary motion; the drive device is selected from a right-angle motor or a reciprocating rotary cylinder.

[0014] When the right-angle motor is selected as the driving device, it is Scheme 1. The right-angle motor is connected to the worm gear of the slewing bearing; the output end of the slewing bearing is connected to the milling shaft.

[0015] Option 1 also includes a stroke positioning device, which is installed inside the housing and is used to achieve rotational positioning of the milling axis;

[0016] The drive device is selected as Scheme 2, which uses a reciprocating rotary cylinder. The reciprocating rotary cylinder is installed on the outer casing and is used to propel the milling axis to reciprocate.

[0017] Preferably, in Scheme 1, the rear end of the milling shaft is fixedly connected to a flange, and the rear end face of the flange is fixedly connected to a slewing bearing; the output end of the right-angle motor is connected to the worm gear of the slewing bearing through the motor connecting flange to realize the reciprocating rotational motion of the milling shaft.

[0018] Preferably, the water jet system on the disc-shaped hob includes several jet nozzles, which are evenly distributed on the hob blade and are used to control the opening and closing of the system by means of high-pressure water and abrasive through a normally closed high-frequency solenoid valve.

[0019] Preferably, in Scheme 1, the stroke positioning device includes a limit switch fixed inside the housing and a paddle on the milling shaft. The paddle is electrically connected to the right-angle motor, and together they realize the reciprocating motion of the slewing bearing and limit its rotation angle.

[0020] Preferably, in Scheme 2, the reciprocating rotary cylinder is fixed on the outer casing, and the output end of the reciprocating rotary cylinder is hinged to the hinge plate and hinge hole on the milling shaft to realize the reciprocating motion of the milling shaft;

[0021] A rectangular opening is provided at the bottom of the outer casing for connecting the reciprocating rotary cylinder to the milling shaft, and a cylinder mounting plate is welded on it for mounting the reciprocating rotary cylinder.

[0022] Preferably, bearings are mounted on the outer walls of the front and rear ends of the milling shaft via shoulders, and are rotatably connected to the housing via the bearings. The milling shaft is provided with a flange for mounting a hydraulic motor inside.

[0023] Preferably, in Scheme 1, the outer shell includes a front shell and a rear shell fixed together. The front shell is cylindrical and rotatably connected to the milling shaft via a bearing. The rear shell is square and fixed to the square outer shell of the tunneling machine. The rear shell is fixedly connected to the slewing bearing fixing shell by bolts. The slewing bearing fixing shell is used to fix the slewing bearing.

[0024] Preferably, the disc-shaped roller is provided with a sealing cover at its front end, and the front end of the vibration shaft is fixed to the sealing cover.

[0025] Preferably, a three-axis accelerometer is installed inside the sealing cover of the disc cutter to sense the movement path and working status of the disc cutter and transmit the signal to the external control console. The three-axis accelerometer senses the movement status of the disc cutter and transmits the signal to the tunneling machine control system. After being converted by the control system, the signal is used to control the high-frequency solenoid valve, thereby realizing independent control of the jet in each direction.

[0026] The present invention also provides a mining device with advanced jet function, which employs the aforementioned cutting mechanism.

[0027] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0028] 1. The disc hob proposes two reciprocating rotational motions at a certain angle, which disperses the force points of the hob, reduces local wear, effectively extends the hob life, reduces the hob replacement frequency, and improves economic efficiency.

[0029] 2. The disc cutter has a dedicated power source inside to provide power to the eccentric shaft, which causes the eccentric block to rotate and generate excitation force. The thickness of the eccentric block is adjustable, and different eccentric blocks can be used in different geological environments. This helps to reduce the stress load on the disc cutter during operation and improve rock breaking efficiency.

[0030] 3. The disc cutter is equipped with a high-pressure abrasive water jet, which rotates and reciprocates at low speed to assist the cutter in cutting the rock, effectively improving the cutting effect of the water jet and increasing the excavation efficiency of hard rock tunnels.

[0031] 4. A three-axis accelerometer sensor capable of sensing the movement direction of the disc-shaped hob is installed through a sealed cover. It is equipped with an internal limit switch, which can independently control the start and stop of the water jet in a single direction, greatly reducing the waste of water and abrasive. Moreover, the water jet of the kerf is consistent with the working direction of the hob, improving the dust removal effect. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0033] Figure 1 A mining device with advanced jet function is provided as an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the cutting mechanism according to Scheme 1 provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the cutting mechanism according to embodiment two of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 A planed view of a milled shaft provided in embodiment one of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 The planed view of the milled shaft provided in embodiment two of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 A schematic diagram and cross-sectional view of the outer casing provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a planed view of the opening in the outer shell provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0040] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0041] 1. Disc hob; 1-1. Flow channel; 2. Housing; 2-1. Front housing; 2-2. Rear housing; 2-3. Rectangular opening; 2-4. Cylinder mounting plate; 3. Jet nozzle; 4. Sealing cover; 5. Deep groove ball bearing; 6. Triaxial accelerometer; 7. Bushing; 8. Vibration shaft; 9. Flat key; 10. End cover; 11. Hydraulic motor; 12. Bearing; 13. Connecting flange; 14. Slewing bearing; 15. Slewing bearing mounting shell; 16. Right angle motor; 17. Milling shaft; 17-1. Hinge plate; 17-2. Hinge hole; 17-3. Flange; 17-4. Shoulder; 18. Paddle; 19. Limit switch; 20. Eccentric block; 21. Reciprocating rotary cylinder; 22. High-frequency solenoid valve. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the cutting mechanism with advanced jet function provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention includes a disc hob 1, a milling shaft 17, a vibration shaft 8, a slewing bearing 14, a drive device, a limit switch 19, a hydraulic motor 11, a housing 2, and a high-frequency solenoid valve 22. The drive device is a right-angle motor 16.

[0044] like Figure 2 As shown, the disc cutter 1 is provided with a flow channel 1-1. The front outlet of the flow channel 1-1 is equipped with a water jet nozzle 3. The disc cutter 1 is connected to the front end of the milling shaft 17 by screws. The rear outlet of the flow channel 1-1 is connected to the high-pressure water system of the tunneling machine. When the disc cutter 1 is working, the water jet is ejected from the water jet nozzle 3 through the flow channel 1-1 to perform advanced cutting.

[0045] like Figure 2 As shown, the sealing cover 4 is connected to the front end of the disc cutter 1 by screw 4-1. The sealing cover 4 is equipped with a triaxial acceleration sensor 6. When the disc cutter 1 is working, the triaxial acceleration sensor 6 senses the direction of movement of the disc cutter 1 and opens the high-frequency solenoid valve 22 that controls the water jet in the corresponding direction. The sealing cover 4 is fixedly connected to the front end of the vibration shaft 8 by a deep groove ball bearing 5.

[0046] like Figure 2 As shown, the vibration shaft 8 is driven by the hydraulic motor 11. The vibration shaft 8 and the front output shaft of the hydraulic motor 11 are connected by a flat key 9. The vibration shaft 8 is provided with an eccentric block 20 and a bushing 7. The hydraulic motor 11 is located inside the milling shaft 17 and is fixed to the flange 17-3 of the milling shaft 17 by screws. When working, the hydraulic motor 11 rotates, which drives the vibration shaft 8 and causes the eccentric block 20 to rotate, generating an eccentric force. The milling shaft 17 then reciprocates and swings, preventing the oil pipe of the hydraulic motor 11 from getting tangled.

[0047] like Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the milling shaft 17 is hollow inside and has a flange 17-3. Bearings 12 are installed at both ends of the outer wall of the milling shaft 17. The bearings 12 are double-row cylindrical roller bearings and are rotatably connected to the front shell of the outer shell 2. The milling shaft 17 performs reciprocating oscillating motion. Taking an oscillation angle of 90° as an example, the disc hob 1 is installed at the front end of the milling shaft 17 with screws, the hydraulic motor 11 is installed on the flange 17-3 with screws, and the connecting flange 13 is connected to the rear end of the milling shaft 17 with screws.

[0048] like Figure 2 As shown, the connecting flange 13 has a hollow structure to allow the oil pipe of the hydraulic motor 11 to pass through, and its rear end is connected to the slewing bearing 14 by screws.

[0049] like Figure 2As shown, the slewing bearing 14 has a worm gear that mates with it, and a motor connection flange is connected behind the worm gear. The motor connection flange is equipped with a right-angle motor 16.

[0050] like Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, the outer shell 2 includes a front shell 2-1 and a rear shell 2-2 fixed together. The front shell 2-1 is sealed with an end cover 10 through screw holes. The end cover 10 has a through hole for the front end of the milling shaft 17 to pass through. The front shell 2-1 is also provided with screw holes for the installation of the limit switch 19. The rear shell 2-2 is a square structure and is connected to the front shell 2-1 by bolts. The rear shell 2-2 is installed on the square outer shell of the tunneling machine by bolts. The rear shell 2-2 is bolted to the slewing bearing fixing shell 15.

[0051] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the end cap 10 is connected to the housing 2 by screws. The end cap 10 has a fixing structure that is adapted to the double row cylindrical roller bearing at the front end of the milling shaft 17. The end cap 10 and the milling shaft 17 are clearance-fitted, and there is a gap between the end cap 10 and the disc hob 1.

[0052] like Figure 2 As shown, the slewing bearing mounting shell 15 is connected to the slewing bearing 14 by bolts. The rear end is provided with a groove plate and is fixed to the rear shell 2-2 by bolts. The slewing bearing mounting shell 15 is a hollow structure, through which the oil pipe of the hydraulic motor 11 passes.

[0053] like Figure 2 As shown, the right-angle motor 16 provides power to the slewing bearing 14 to achieve a fixed number of forward and reverse rotations. The number of forward and reverse rotations depends on the reduction ratio of the slewing bearing 14 and the worm gear, as well as the rotation angle of the disc hob 1.

[0054] like Figure 2 As shown, a paddle 18 is installed on the milling shaft 17, which is used to cooperate with the limit switch 19 to limit the reciprocating rotation of the milling shaft 17. The paddle 18 is connected to the right-angle motor 16 in the circuit, and can achieve rotation positioning in conjunction with the travel limit switch 19. Example

[0055] like Figure 3 and Figure 7 As shown in the second embodiment of the present invention, a cutting mechanism with advanced jet function is provided. In this embodiment, the outer shell 2 is a hollow cylindrical shape, and the driving device is a reciprocating rotary cylinder 21.

[0056] like Figure 3 and Figure 5As shown, the milling shaft 17 is also hollow inside and has a flange 17-3. Bearings are installed at both ends of the outer wall of the milling shaft 17. The bearings are double-row cylindrical roller bearings, which rotatably connect to the housing 2. The milling shaft 17 has a hinge plate 17-1 and a hinge hole 17-2. The output end of the reciprocating rotary cylinder 21 is hinged to the milling shaft 17 to perform reciprocating oscillating motion. In this embodiment, the reciprocating rotary cylinder 21 is directly fixed to the housing 2, without connecting flange 13, slewing bearing 14, or slewing bearing fixing shell; the rest is the same as in embodiment one.

[0057] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A cutting mechanism with advanced jet function, characterized in that: include: Disc-shaped hob (1), wherein the disc-shaped hob (1) is provided with a water jet system; Milling shaft (17), the milling shaft (17) is a hollow shaft, and its front end is connected to the disc hob (1); A hydraulic motor (11) is fixedly installed inside the milling shaft (17); Vibration shaft (8), the front end of which is connected to disc roller (1), and the rear end of which is connected to the output shaft of hydraulic motor (11), and the vibration shaft (8) is also provided with an eccentric block (20). The outer casing (2) has its front end rotatably connected to the milling shaft (17), and its rear end is connected to the square outer casing of the tunneling machine. A high-frequency solenoid valve (22) is installed on the pipe connected to the upper flow channel (1-1) of the disc cutter (1) and is used to control the opening and closing of the water jet system. A drive device is used to drive the milling axis (17) to perform reciprocating rotary motion; the drive device is selected from a right-angle motor (16) or a reciprocating rotary cylinder (21). When the right-angle motor (16) is selected as the driving device, it is Scheme 1. The right-angle motor (16) is connected to the worm gear of the slewing bearing (14), and the output end of the slewing bearing (14) is connected to the milling shaft (17). Option 1 also includes a stroke positioning device, which is installed inside the housing (2) to realize the rotation positioning of the milling shaft (17); The drive device is selected as Scheme 2, which is a reciprocating rotary cylinder. The reciprocating rotary cylinder is installed on the outer shell (2) and is used to push the milling shaft (17) to reciprocate.

2. The cutting mechanism with advanced jet function as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In Scheme 1, the rear end of the milling shaft (17) is fixedly connected to the flange (13), and the rear end face of the flange (13) is fixedly connected to the slewing bearing (14); the output end of the right-angle motor (16) is connected to the worm gear of the slewing bearing (14) through the motor connecting flange to realize the reciprocating rotation of the milling shaft (17).

3. A cutting mechanism with advanced jet function as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The water jet system on the disc cutter (1) includes several jet nozzles (3) evenly distributed on the cutter blade, which are used to control the opening and closing of the cutter by high-pressure water and abrasive through a normally closed high-frequency solenoid valve (22).

4. A cutting mechanism with advanced jet function as described in claim 2, characterized in that: In Scheme 1, the stroke positioning device includes a limit switch (19) fixed inside the housing (2) and a paddle (18) on the milling shaft (17). The paddle (18) is electrically connected to the right-angle motor (16) and works together to realize the reciprocating motion of the slewing bearing (14) and limit its rotation angle.

5. A cutting mechanism with advanced jet function as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In Scheme 2, the reciprocating rotary cylinder (21) is fixed on the outer shell (2), and the output end of the reciprocating rotary cylinder (21) is hinged to the hinge plate (17-1) and hinge hole (17-2) on the milling shaft (17) to realize the reciprocating motion of the milling shaft (17); A rectangular opening (2-3) is provided at the bottom of the outer casing (2) for connecting the milling shaft (17) to the reciprocating rotary cylinder (21), and a cylinder mounting plate (2-4) is welded on it for mounting the reciprocating rotary cylinder (21).

6. A cutting mechanism with advanced jet function according to claim 1, characterized in that, Bearings (12) are installed on the outer walls of the front and rear ends of the milling shaft (17) through the shaft shoulder (17-4). The bearings (12) are rotatably connected to the outer shell (2). The milling shaft (17) is provided with a flange (17-3) for installing the hydraulic motor (11).

7. A cutting mechanism with advanced jet function according to claim 1, characterized in that, In Scheme 1, the outer shell (2) includes a front shell (2-1) and a rear shell (2-2) fixed together. The front shell (2-1) is cylindrical and rotatably connected to the milling shaft (17) through a bearing (12). The rear shell (2-2) is square and fixed to the square outer shell of the tunneling machine. The rear shell (2-2) is fixedly connected to the slewing bearing fixing shell (15) by bolts. The slewing bearing fixing shell (15) is used to fix the slewing bearing (14).

8. A cutting mechanism with advanced jet function as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The disc-shaped roller cutter (1) has a sealing cover (4) at its front end, and the front end of the vibration shaft (8) is fixed to the sealing cover (4).

9. A cutting mechanism with advanced jet function according to claim 8, characterized in that, The sealing cover (4) of the disc cutter (1) is equipped with a three-axis accelerometer (6) for sensing the motion path and working status of the disc cutter (1) and transmitting the signal to the external control console. The three-axis accelerometer (6) senses the motion status of the disc cutter (1) and transmits the signal to the tunneling machine control system. After being converted by the control system, it is used to control the high-frequency solenoid valve (22) to achieve independent control of the jet in each direction.

10. A mining device with advanced jet function, characterized in that, The cutting mechanism described in any one of claims 1-9 is employed.

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