A self-protecting isolating switch for insulating gap

Abstract

A self-protection isolating switch for insulating gap includes an insulating plate bottom and an insulating cover, a plurality of conductive slideways are arranged on the insulating plate bottom, a conductive slide bar is slidably arranged on each conductive slideway, a No. 1 electromagnet is also fixed on the insulating plate bottom, and the No. 1 electromagnet is located on one side of the end of the conductive slideway; the conductive slide bar passes through the center of the No. 1 electromagnet, and a permanent magnet sheet and a diamond head are respectively fixed in the middle and end of the conductive slide bar; a connector corresponding to the number of conductive slideways is arranged in the insulating cover, and the connector includes two groups of spring sleeves fixed in the insulating cover, and a trapezoidal block is fixed on the telescopic rod of each group of spring sleeves. The present invention can realize instantaneous disconnection and reduce arc generation, and at the same time, it can automatically perform self-disconnection protection in the case of overload, power supply frequency mismatch, etc.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of electrical equipment, and in particular relates to an isolating switch with self-protection of an insulating gap. Background Art

[0002] The isolating switch is a switching device that is mainly used for "isolating power supply, switching operation, connecting and disconnecting small current circuits" and has no arc extinguishing function. When the isolating switch is in the open position, there is an insulation distance that meets the specified requirements and an obvious disconnection mark between the contacts; when it is in the closed position, it is a switching device that can carry the current under normal circuit conditions and the current under abnormal conditions (such as short circuit) within a specified time. It is generally used as a high-voltage isolating switch, that is, an isolating switch with a rated voltage of more than 1kV. Its working principle and structure are relatively simple, but due to its large usage and high working reliability requirements, it has a great impact on the design, construction and safe operation of substations and power plants. The main feature of the isolating switch is that it has no arc extinguishing ability and can only open and close the circuit without load current. The Chinese patent with the publication number CN105428135B discloses a disconnector, comprising: an insulating cylinder, comprising an upper insulating cylinder and a lower insulating cylinder connected to each other, the upper insulating cylinder having a first cavity, the lower insulating cylinder having a second cavity, the second cavity being connected to the first cavity; a static contact fixed in the first cavity; a conductive part, arranged in the first cavity and the second cavity and moving up and down in the first cavity and the second cavity to connect or disconnect the conductive part and the static contact; a grounding insulating part, arranged between the lower end of the upper insulating cylinder and the upper end of the lower insulating cylinder to guide the leakage current generated by the upper insulating cylinder and the lower insulating cylinder to the grounding terminal. The technical solution of the invention effectively solves the problem of leakage current easily generated by the upper and lower isolation fractures in the prior art, but the technology does not have a self-protection function and unsafe accidents often occur. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an isolating switch with self-protection of insulation gap, which can realize instantaneous disconnection and reduce arc generation. At the same time, it can automatically perform self-disconnection protection in the case of overload, power supply frequency mismatch and the like.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0005] A self-protecting isolating switch for insulating gap comprises an insulating plate bottom and an insulating cover, wherein a plurality of conductive slideways are arranged on the insulating plate bottom, a conductive slide bar is slidably arranged on each conductive slideway, and a No. 1 electromagnet is also fixed on the insulating plate bottom, and the No. 1 electromagnet is located at one side of the end of the conductive slideway; the conductive slide bar passes through the center of the No. 1 electromagnet, and a permanent magnet sheet and a diamond head are respectively fixed to the middle and end of the conductive slide bar; a connector corresponding to the number of the conductive slideways is arranged in the insulating cover, and the connector comprises two groups of spring sleeves fixed in the insulating cover, and a trapezoidal block is fixed on the telescopic rod of each group of spring sleeves.

[0006] When in use, energize the No. 1 electromagnet, which pushes away the permanent magnet sheet in the middle of the conductive slide rod. The permanent magnet sheet drives the conductive slide rod to move along the conductive slideway, and makes the diamond head pass through the two opposite trapezoidal blocks of the connector, thus realizing the closing operation.

[0007] There are wires connected to the trapezoidal blocks. When the diamond head is connected to the trapezoidal blocks, the current will be conducted along the conductive slide to the conductive slideway, and the wire at the other end will be connected to the conductive slideway to complete the closed circuit. When disconnection is required, the No. 1 electromagnet is energized in the reverse direction to attract the permanent magnet sheet, and the diamond head is pulled out from between the two opposite trapezoidal blocks to achieve power failure. The power supply of the No. 1 electromagnet can be supplied separately, which is different from the wire connected to the trapezoidal block.

[0008] Furthermore, a power-off protection device is provided on one side of the conductive slideway, and the power-off protection device includes a sliding column, a magnetic vertical plate, and a supporting vertical plate which are parallel to each other and fixed on the bottom of the insulating plate. A sleeve and a No. 2 electromagnet are fixed on the supporting vertical plate. The telescopic cylinder of the sleeve is fixedly connected to the magnetic vertical plate at the same time. A connecting plate is slidably connected to the sliding column, and a No. 1 spring is provided under the connecting plate. The No. 1 spring is sleeved on the sliding column, and a wedge-shaped block is fixed on the magnetic vertical plate. One end of the connecting plate is overlapped on the conductive slideway, and the other end is clamped under the bottom surface of the wedge-shaped block, and the No. 1 spring is in a compressed state.

[0009] When the current increases, the No. 2 electromagnet generates a stronger magnetism, which will attract the magnetic vertical plate to come closer. At the same time, the sleeve contracts to stabilize the movement of the magnetic vertical plate. After the magnetic vertical plate moves a certain distance, the wedge-shaped block separates from the connecting plate, and the No. 1 spring bounces the connecting plate upward, separating it from the conductive slide, thereby disconnecting the circuit.

[0010] Furthermore, the No. 2 electromagnet includes an outer coil and a core body embedded in the coil, the core body includes a hollow cylinder, the hollow cylinder is filled with a fluid that expands and contracts with heat, a piston rod is sealingly and slidably connected to the end surface of the hollow cylinder, a connecting plate is fixed to the end of the piston rod, a sliding bar is fixed to the other end of the connecting plate, the sliding bar is fixedly connected to the magnetic vertical plate, and a No. 2 spring is sleeved on the sliding bar.

[0011] When the current frequency increases, the magnetic field changes faster, the induced electromotive force becomes larger, and the eddy current becomes stronger; the eddy current can make the coil heat up a lot, and then the volume of the thermal expansion and contraction fluid in the hollow cylinder expands, pushing the piston rod out, and then driving the magnetic stand to move toward the second electromagnet, and then the same principle disconnects the circuit. Thermal expansion and contraction fluids include mercury, alcohol, etc.

[0012] Furthermore, a protruding strip is provided on the side wall of the sliding column along the axial direction, and a slot corresponding to the protruding strip is provided on the connecting plate.

[0013] Through the cooperation between the raised strip and the slotted hole, the connecting plate moves more stably on the sliding column and the overlap with the conductive slideway is more stable.

[0014] Furthermore, the conductive sliding rod is composed of a left half and a right half, the right half includes several connecting rods fixed to the left side of the permanent magnet sheet, a connecting disk is fixed to the left end of the connecting rod, and a sliding hole is opened on the connecting disk; the left half is slidably connected to the sliding hole, and a No. 3 spring is sleeved on the part of the left half that passes through the sliding hole.

[0015] Furthermore, a buffer cylinder is provided between the connecting rod and the permanent magnet sheet, the buffer cylinder is filled with hydraulic oil, and the connecting rod passes through the buffer cylinder and is sealed and slidably connected with the buffer cylinder.

[0016] By setting up the buffer cylinder, when the permanent magnet sheet approaches the No. 1 electromagnet, the connecting rod slides out of the buffer cylinder. Afterwards, when the diamond head and the trapezoidal block are quickly separated, there will be a certain impact force, which can be absorbed by the hydraulic oil of the buffer cylinder to prevent damage to the permanent magnet sheet.

[0017] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0018] The present invention provides a power-off protection device and utilizes the cooperation of a slide column, a magnetic vertical plate, a supporting vertical plate, a sleeve, a second electromagnet, a connecting plate, a first spring, and a wedge-shaped block to automatically disconnect the circuit when the current increases or the frequency accelerates, thereby performing self-protection of the isolating switch; the present invention configures the conductive slide bar to connect and disconnect the circuit by means of repulsion and attraction between the electromagnet and the permanent magnet, and on this basis, divides the conductive slide bar into two sections and connects them with a spring, so that when the switch is disconnected, the two sections can be separated quickly and instantaneously, thereby reducing the generation of arcs and effectively protecting the switch. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention (the diagram shows a switch group consisting of three isolating switches).

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention after removing the insulating cover (composed of two isolating switches).

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention (in the figure, state A represents the state in which the switch is ready to close, state B represents the closed state, and state C represents the state in which the diamond head is just between the two trapezoidal blocks during the process from closing to separation).

[0022] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of the power-off protection device at point D in the middle.

[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the power-off protection device.

[0024] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional diagram of electromagnet No. 2.

[0025] In the figure, 1, insulating plate bottom, 2, insulating cover, 3, conductive slide, 4, conductive slide rod, 41, connecting rod, 42, connecting plate, 43, No. 3 spring, 44, buffer cylinder, 5, No. 1 electromagnet, 6, permanent magnet sheet, 7, diamond head, 8, connecting head, 81, spring sleeve, 82, trapezoidal block, 9, power-off protection device, 91, sliding column, 92, magnetic vertical plate, 93, supporting vertical plate, 94, sleeve, 95, No. 2 electromagnet, 951, coil, 952, core body, 9521, hollow cylinder, 9522, piston rod, 953, connecting plate, 954, sliding bar, 955, No. 2 spring, 96, connecting plate, 97, No. 1 spring, 98, wedge-shaped block, 99, raised strip. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, an insulating gap self-protection disconnector comprises an insulating plate bottom 1 and an insulating cover 2, a plurality of conductive slideways 3 are arranged on the insulating plate bottom 1, a conductive slide bar 4 is slidably arranged on each conductive slideway 3, a No. 1 electromagnet 5 is also fixed on the insulating plate bottom 1, and the No. 1 electromagnet 5 is located at one side of the end of the conductive slideway 3; the conductive slide bar 4 passes through the center of the No. 1 electromagnet 5, and a permanent magnet sheet 6 and a diamond head 7 are respectively fixed to the middle and end of the conductive slide bar 4; a connector 8 corresponding to the number of the conductive slideways 3 is arranged in the insulating cover 2, and the connector 8 comprises two groups of spring sleeves 81 fixed in the insulating cover 2, and a trapezoidal block 82 is fixed on the telescopic rod of each group of spring sleeves 81.

[0027] When in use, the No. 1 electromagnet 5 is energized, which pushes away the permanent magnet sheet 6 in the middle of the conductive slide bar 4. The permanent magnet sheet 6 drives the conductive slide bar 4 to move along the conductive slideway 3, and makes the diamond head 7 pass through the two opposite trapezoidal blocks 82 of the connecting head 8, thereby realizing the closing operation.

[0028] The trapezoidal block 82 is connected with an electric wire. When the diamond head 7 is connected with the trapezoidal block 82, the current will be conducted along the conductive slide bar 4 to the conductive slideway 3, and the other end of the electric wire will be connected to the conductive slideway 3 to complete the closed circuit. When disconnection is required, the first electromagnet 5 is reversely energized to attract the permanent magnet sheet 6, and the diamond head 7 is pulled out from between the two opposite trapezoidal blocks 82 to achieve power off. The power supply of the first electromagnet 5 can be supplied separately, which is different from the electric wire connected to the trapezoidal block 82.

[0029] A power-off protection device 9 is provided on one side of the conductive slide 3, and the power-off protection device 9 includes a slide column 91, a magnetic vertical plate 92, and a support vertical plate 93 which are parallel to each other and fixed on the insulating plate bottom 1. A sleeve 94 and a second electromagnet 95 are fixed on the support vertical plate 93, and the telescopic cylinder of the sleeve 94 is fixedly connected to the magnetic vertical plate 92 at the same time. A connecting plate 96 is slidably connected to the slide column 91, and a No. 1 spring 97 is provided below the connecting plate 96. The No. 1 spring 97 is sleeved on the slide column 91, and a wedge-shaped block 98 is fixed on the magnetic vertical plate 92. One end of the connecting plate 96 is overlapped on the conductive slide 3, and the other end is clamped under the bottom surface of the wedge-shaped block 98, so that the No. 1 spring 97 is in a compressed state.

[0030] When the current increases, the second electromagnet 95 generates a larger magnetism, which will attract the magnetic stand 92 to approach. At the same time, the sleeve 94 contracts to stabilize the movement of the magnetic stand 92. After the magnetic stand 92 moves a certain distance, the wedge block 98 disengages from the connecting plate 96, and the first spring 97 bounces the connecting plate 96 upward to separate it from the conductive slide 3, thereby disconnecting the circuit.

[0031] The second electromagnet 95 includes an outer coil 951 and a core 952 embedded in the coil 951. The core 952 includes a hollow cylinder 9521. The hollow cylinder 9521 is filled with a fluid that expands and contracts with heat. A piston rod 9522 is sealingly and slidably connected to the end face of the hollow cylinder 9521. A connecting plate 953 is fixed to the end of the piston rod 9522. A sliding bar 954 is fixed to the other end of the connecting plate 953. The sliding bar 954 is fixedly connected to the magnetic vertical plate 92, and a second spring 955 is sleeved on the sliding bar 954.

[0032] When the current frequency increases, the magnetic field changes faster, the induced electromotive force becomes larger, and the eddy current becomes stronger; the eddy current can make the coil heat up a lot, and then the volume of the thermal expansion and contraction type fluid in the hollow cylinder 9521 expands, pushing the piston rod 9522 out, and then driving the magnetic stand plate 92 to move toward the second electromagnet 95, and then the same principle causes the circuit to be disconnected. Thermal expansion and contraction type fluids include mercury, alcohol, etc.

[0033] The side wall of the slide post 91 is provided with a raised strip 99 in the axial direction, and the connecting plate 96 is provided with a slot corresponding to the raised strip 99. Through the cooperation between the raised strip 99 and the slot, the connecting plate 96 moves more stably on the slide post 91 and is more firmly connected with the conductive slideway 3.

[0034] The conductive sliding rod 4 is composed of a left half and a right half. The right half includes several connecting rods 41 fixed to the left side of the permanent magnet sheet 6. A connecting disk 42 is fixed to the left end of the connecting rod 41, and a sliding hole is opened on the connecting disk 42; the left half is slidably connected to the sliding hole, and a No. 3 spring 43 is sleeved on the part of the left half that passes through the sliding hole.

[0035] When connection is required, the No. 1 electromagnet 5 is energized to generate a repulsive force on the permanent magnet sheet 6. The permanent magnet sheet 6 pushes the left half of the conductive slide bar 4 through the connecting rod 41 and the connecting plate 42, so that the diamond head 7 passes through the two opposite trapezoidal blocks 82 of the connecting head 8, that is, the closing operation is realized; when disconnection is required, the No. 1 electromagnet 5 is energized in the reverse direction to attract the permanent magnet sheet 6 to move to the right. Figure 3 Direction, the permanent magnet sheet 6 pulls the left half of the diamond head 7 out of the two opposite trapezoidal blocks 82 through the connecting rod 41, the connecting plate 42, and the No. 3 spring 43. In this process, the No. 3 spring 43 is compressed and stores energy. When the diamond head 7 slides out from the narrowest part of the two opposite trapezoidal blocks 82, due to the action of the No. 3 spring 43, the diamond head 7 will be quickly and instantly separated from the trapezoidal block 82, thereby reducing the generation of arcs and effectively protecting the switch. See Figure 3 Three states.

[0036] A buffer cylinder 44 is provided between the connecting rod 41 and the permanent magnet sheet 6 . The buffer cylinder 44 is filled with hydraulic oil. The connecting rod 41 passes through the buffer cylinder 44 and is sealed and slidably connected with the buffer cylinder 44 .

[0037] By setting the buffer cylinder 44, when the permanent magnet sheet 6 approaches the No. 1 electromagnet 5, the connecting rod 41 slides out of the buffer cylinder 44. Afterwards, when the diamond head 7 and the trapezoidal block 82 are quickly separated, there will be a certain impact force, which can be absorbed by the hydraulic oil of the buffer cylinder 44 to prevent damage to the permanent magnet sheet 6.

[0038] The number of isolating switches is selected according to actual needs, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 It is a switch group consisting of three components. Figure 2 Yes, two.

Claims

1. An isolating switch with self-protection of insulating gap, characterized in that: The invention comprises an insulating plate bottom (1) and an insulating cover (2), wherein a plurality of conductive slideways (3) are provided on the insulating plate bottom (1), a conductive slide rod (4) is slidably provided on each conductive slideway (3), and a No. 1 electromagnet (5) is also fixed on the insulating plate bottom (1), and the No. 1 electromagnet (5) is located at one side of the end of the conductive slideway (3); the conductive slide rod (4) passes through the center of the No. 1 electromagnet (5), and a permanent magnet sheet (6) and a diamond head (7) are respectively fixed at the middle and end of the conductive slide rod (4); a number of connectors (8) corresponding to the number of the conductive slideways (3) are provided in the insulating cover (2), and the connector (8) comprises two groups of spring sleeves (81) fixed in the insulating cover (2), and a trapezoidal block (82) is fixed on the telescopic rod of each group of spring sleeves (81); A power-off protection device (9) is provided on one side of the conductive slideway (3), the power-off protection device (9) comprising a sliding column (91), a magnetic vertical plate (92), and a supporting vertical plate (93) which are parallel to each other and fixed on the bottom of the insulating plate (1); a sleeve (94) and a second electromagnet (95) are fixed on the supporting vertical plate (93); a telescopic cylinder of the sleeve (94) is fixedly connected to the magnetic vertical plate (92); a connecting plate (96) is slidably connected to the sliding column (91); a first spring (97) is provided below the connecting plate (96); the first spring (97) is sleeved on the sliding column (91); a wedge-shaped clamping block (98) is fixed on the magnetic vertical plate (92); one end of the connecting plate (96) is overlapped on the conductive slideway (3), and the other end is clamped under the bottom surface of the wedge-shaped clamping block (98), so that the first spring (97) is in a compressed state; The second electromagnet (95) comprises an outer coil (951) and a core (952) embedded in the coil (951); the core (952) comprises a hollow cylinder (9521); the hollow cylinder (9521) is filled with a fluid that expands and contracts with heat; a piston rod (9522) is sealingly and slidably connected to the end surface of the hollow cylinder (9521); a connecting plate (953) is fixed to the end of the piston rod (9522); a sliding bar (954) is fixed to the other end of the connecting plate (953); the sliding bar (954) is fixedly connected to the magnetic vertical plate (92); and a second spring (955) is sleeved on the sliding bar (954).

2. The isolating switch with self-protection of insulating gap according to claim 1, characterized in that: A protruding strip (99) is provided on the side wall of the sliding column (91) along the axial direction, and a slot corresponding to the protruding strip (99) is provided on the connecting plate (96).

3. The isolating switch with self-protection of insulating gap according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conductive sliding rod (4) is composed of a left half and a right half, the right half comprising a plurality of connecting rods (41) fixed to the left side of the permanent magnet sheet (6), a connecting disk (42) being fixed to the left end of the connecting rod (41), and a sliding hole being provided on the connecting disk (42); the left half is slidably connected to the sliding hole, and a No. 3 spring (43) is sleeved on the portion of the left half that passes through the sliding hole.

4. The isolating switch with self-protection of insulating gap as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: A buffer cylinder (44) is provided between the connecting rod (41) and the permanent magnet sheet (6). The buffer cylinder (44) is filled with hydraulic oil. The connecting rod (41) passes through the buffer cylinder (44) and is sealed and slidably connected to the buffer cylinder (44).

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