A method for calibrating a right-angle prism for aircraft assembly

Abstract

The application provides a calibration method of a right-angle prism for aircraft assembly, and belongs to the field of aircraft assembly tools. The application is realized based on a calibration adjustment clamp, a laser radiator positioning seat on the clamp clamps the laser radiator, a prism positioning seat clamps the right-angle prism, an incident light calibration front seat and an incident light calibration rear seat are arranged on an incident light path, the coaxiality of incident light is calibrated by the fact that light rays simultaneously meet the requirements of target center on the two calibration seats, a refracted light calibration front seat and a refracted light calibration rear seat are arranged on a refracted light path, the calibration of the right-angle prism is realized in a way of over-constraint by the fact that refracted light simultaneously meets the requirements of target center on the two calibration seats. The application realizes the calibration of the right-angle prism, guarantees that the perpendicularity is controlled within 0.05mm in the range of 10m, the calibrated prism has been applied in the process of aircraft product manufacturing, and good application effect is obtained, and the positioning and detection precision of the product are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of aircraft assembly tools and relates to a calibration method for a right-angle prism used in aircraft assembly. Background Technology

[0002] Right-angle prisms, such as Figure 1 As shown, the fixture includes adjusting screw 91, universal joint endoscope 92, and fixed housing 93. The right-angle prism is an essential component of the aircraft finishing table tooling, used to determine the aircraft's positioning during assembly and verify its assembly attitude. It is also a key control point in the aircraft assembly adjustment process, directly affecting product assembly quality. For the accuracy verification of the right-angle prism and its replacement due to wear and tear from long-term use, the prism needs to be calibrated on the tooling. However, the lack of a dedicated calibration table fails to meet the tooling requirements. The refractive accuracy of the right-angle prism directly affects the adjustment of the tooling and the subsequent product assembly accuracy.

[0003] Therefore, right-angle prisms require high refraction accuracy, and there are four challenges in calibrating them: 1. The distance between the prism's refraction point and the positioning end face must be consistent with the usage state in the tooling; 2. The perpendicularity of the prism's refracted light rays to the positioning axis must be controlled; 3. The adjustment efficiency is relatively low, requiring repeated alignment to determine the right-angle usage state; 4. Controlling the adjustment accuracy requires eliminating the influence of the laser radiator's positioning error. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems in the existing technology, and based on the structural characteristics and usage requirements of right-angle prisms, this invention provides a calibration method for right-angle prisms used in aircraft assembly, including a newly designed calibration and adjustment system, such as... Figure 3 As shown, a laser tracker is used to calibrate a right-angle prism.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:

[0006] A calibration method for a right-angle prism used in aircraft assembly, the calibration method comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Based on the usage requirements of the right-angle prism, design a calibration and adjustment fixture, the structure of which is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, this is used to solve the perpendicularity of the optical path, simulate the usage state of a right-angle prism, and meet the aircraft assembly size control requirements.

[0008] The calibration and adjustment fixture includes a reference tool ball seat 01, an incident light calibration front seat 02, a prism positioning seat 03, a refracted light calibration front seat 04, a refracted light calibration rear seat 05, a laser radiator positioning seat 06, an incident light calibration rear seat 07, a laser radiator 08, a right-angle prism 09, a rear target 10, a front target 11, a positioning screw 12, a spherical positioning bushing 13, a fixing screw 14, a tool ball 15, and a platform 16.

[0009] The reference tool ball seat 01 consists of four parts, arranged in a rectangular shape and fixedly connected to the platform 16, and is used to establish the coordinate system of the calibration system.

[0010] The prism positioning seat 03 includes a positioning support seat 31 and a prism positioning bushing 32. The positioning support seat 31 is fixedly installed on the platform 16 by fixing screws 14. The positioning support seat 31 has a round hole, and the prism positioning bushing 32 is installed in the round hole for clamping the right-angle prism 09. The two are connected by threads to ensure the installation posture of the right-angle prism 09.

[0011] The laser radiator positioning seat 06 is fixedly installed on the platform 16 in the incident direction of the right-angle prism 09. A spherical positioning bushing 13 is provided on it for clamping the laser radiator 08. The spherical positioning bushing 13 is coaxial with the prism positioning bushing 32, so the laser radiator 08 clamped by the two is coaxial with the right-angle prism 09. A positioning screw 12 is provided inside the spherical positioning bushing 13. By adjusting the positioning screw 12, the coaxiality of the incident light can be adjusted.

[0012] The incident light calibration front seat 02 and incident light calibration rear seat 07 are positioned and installed on the platform 16 on the incident light path. They are located on both sides of the prism positioning seat 03. The incident light calibration front seat 02 is installed between the prism positioning seat 03 and the laser radiator positioning seat 06. Both the incident light calibration front seat 02 and the incident light calibration rear seat 07 have a target hole at their center for positioning the target. The target holes of both are coaxial with the spherical positioning bushing 13 and the prism positioning bushing 32. The front target 11 is positioned and installed on the incident light calibration front seat 02 through the target hole, and the rear target 10 is positioned and installed on the incident light calibration rear seat 07 through the target hole, for measuring and correcting the coaxiality of the incident light.

[0013] The refractive light calibration front seat 04 and the refractive light calibration rear seat 05 are positioned and installed on the platform 16 on the refractive light path. The refractive light calibration front seat 04 is located between the prism positioning seat 03 and the refractive light calibration rear seat 05. Both of them have a target hole at their center for positioning the target. The target holes of both are coaxial with the refracted light of the right-angle prism 09. The front target 11 is positioned and installed on the refractive light calibration front seat 04 through the target hole, and the rear target 10 is positioned and installed on the refractive light calibration rear seat 05 through the target hole. They are used to measure the coaxiality of the refracted light to calibrate the right-angle prism 09.

[0014] The tool ball 15 is a glass ball, which is installed on a locator including an incident light calibration front seat 02, a prism positioning seat 03, a refracted light calibration front seat 04, a refracted light calibration rear seat 05, and an incident light calibration rear seat 07. Three tool balls 15 are installed on each locator, specifically at three corners in the direction of light incident on the locator. The installation posture of each locator is calibrated by calibrating the coaxiality of the light reflected by the tool ball 15 and its incident light.

[0015] Step 2: Prepare and calibrate all components of the fixture, and calibrate the laser tracker for each component. Establish a relative coordinate system with platform 16 as the reference. After determining the position of the reference tool ball seat 01 using the laser tracker, install it and control the position accuracy of the four reference tool ball seats 01 within 0.2mm.

[0016] Step 3: Based on the reference coordinate values ​​of the reference tool ball seat 01, establish the calibration system coordinate system through multiple measurements using a laser tracker, assign theoretical coordinate values ​​to the incident light calibration front seat 02, prism positioning seat 03, refracted light calibration front seat 04, refracted light calibration rear seat 05, laser radiator positioning seat 06, and incident light calibration rear seat 07, and determine the initial positions.

[0017] Step 4: Positioning and installation of components in the incident light path, including the incident light calibration front mount 02, prism positioning mount 03, laser radiator positioning mount 06, and incident light calibration rear mount 07. First, determine the position of the prism positioning mount 03 according to its coordinates and initially fix it on the platform 16. Adjust its attitude using a laser tracker and tool ball 15 to control the angle between the axis of the prism positioning mount 03 and the incident light beam, and control the position of the positioning surface of the right-angle prism 09 to construct the refraction point position. Evaluate the deviation between the constructed refraction point and the theoretical refraction point constructed before calibration to ensure coaxiality with the incident light path. Assemble the incident light calibration front mount 02, incident light calibration rear mount 07, and laser radiator positioning mount 06 in sequence according to the coordinates. Adjust their attitude using a laser tracker and tool ball 15 to control their axes to be coaxial with the incident light beam, with the overall coaxiality controlled within 0.05mm.

[0018] Step 5: Positioning and installation of components in the refracting optical path. Based on the coordinates, initially install the refracting light calibration front seat 04 and the refracting light calibration rear seat 05 in the refracting optical path onto the platform 16. Use a laser tracker and tool ball 15 to measure the attitude of the prism positioning seat 03. Using the constructed refraction point and incident light as reference benchmarks, control the axial position of the adjusting seats of the refracting light calibration front seat 04 and the refracting light calibration rear seat 05 in the broken-line optical path, eliminating some accumulated assembly errors and improving the overall coordination of the calibration and adjustment fixture.

[0019] Step Six: Positioning and Calibration of Laser Radiator 08. Place the laser radiator 08 into the laser radiator positioning seat 06, and start the laser radiator 08. The light beam passes through the front target 11 on the incident light calibration front seat 02 and the rear target 10 on the incident light calibration rear seat 07, respectively. Adjust the positioning screw 12 to fine-tune the optical path correction and positioning of the laser radiator 08 until the incident light beam simultaneously meets the requirement of hitting the center of the rear target 10 and the front target 11. This eliminates the installation error of the laser radiator by over-constraining. Place the right-angle prism 09 into the prism positioning seat 03 to prepare for the adjustment and calibration of the right-angle prism mechanism.

[0020] Step 7: Right-angle prism 09 calibration. Install right-angle prism 09 into prism positioning sleeve 32. The incident light is refracted by right-angle prism 09 into the front target 11 on the front refracted light calibration seat 04 and the rear target 10 on the rear refracted light calibration seat 05, respectively. Observe the position of the center of the refracted light path on the front target 11 and the rear target 10. Adjust the prism position in right-angle prism 09 until the refracted light simultaneously meets the requirements of the center of the rear target 10 and the front target 11. The calibration of right-angle prism 09 is achieved by over-constraint.

[0021] Before the right-angle prism 09 is installed, the light emitted from the laser radiator 08 passes through the incident light calibration front seat 02 and the prism positioning seat 03 in sequence, and hits the incident light calibration rear seat 07; after the right-angle prism 09 is installed, the light emitted from the laser radiator 08 is refracted by the right-angle prism 09, the refracted light passes through the refraction light calibration front seat 04, and hits the refraction light calibration rear seat 05.

[0022] Furthermore, after calibration, the right-angle prism 09 has a perpendicularity of less than 0.05 mm between the refracted light path and the incident light path within a range of 10 m, and the distance between the refraction point and the positioning surface of the prism positioning seat 03 is controlled within 0.05 mm.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0024] 1. This invention solves the problems of laser radiator positioning and optical path collimation, eliminating assembly errors of the laser radiator. Utilizing the high precision and large-size detection capabilities of a laser tracker, and leveraging its high-precision measurement characteristics within a small angle range, the design and installation of a right-angle prism calibration and adjustment fixture are achieved.

[0025] 2. During the calibration process of this invention, the perpendicularity between the center position of the refraction point and the broken line is precisely controlled by over-constraint.

[0026] 3. The present invention designs a laser radiator positioning seat, a prism positioning seat, an incident light calibration front seat, and an incident light calibration rear seat in the incident light path. By adjusting the laser radiator positioning seat and the prism positioning seat, the coaxiality between the positioning seat and the adjustment seat is guaranteed to be no more than 0.05mm, which is used to correct the assembly error of the laser radiator 08 and ensure the accuracy of the incident light.

[0027] 4. In this invention, a prism positioning seat, a refracting light calibration front seat, and a refracting light calibration rear seat are designed in the refracting light path. The refracting light path is perpendicular to the incident light path, and the perpendicularity is controlled within 0.05mm within a range of 10m. The distance between the refraction point and the positioning surface 03 of the prism positioning seat is controlled within 0.05mm.

[0028] This invention enables the calibration of right-angle prisms. The calibrated prisms have been applied in the manufacturing process of aircraft products and have achieved good results, improving the positioning and detection accuracy of the products. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a right-angle prism;

[0030] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the prism positioning base structure;

[0031] Figure 3 Calibration and adjustment fixture structure diagram.

[0032] In the diagram: 01-Reference tool ball seat; 02-Incident light calibration front seat; 03-Prism positioning seat; 04-Refracted light calibration front seat; 05-Refracted light calibration rear seat; 06-Laser radiator positioning seat; 07-Incident light calibration rear seat; 08-Laser radiator; 09-Right angle prism; 10-Rear target; 11-Front target; 12-Positioning screw; 13-Spherical positioning sleeve; 14-Fixing screw; 15-Tool ball; 16-Platform; 31-Positioning support seat; 32-Prism positioning sleeve; 91-Adjusting screw; 92-Universal joint endoscope; 93-Fixed outer shell. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] A calibration method for a right-angle prism used in aircraft assembly, the specific implementation scheme of which is as follows:

[0035] 1. Based on the usage requirements of the right-angle prism, design a calibration and adjustment fixture, the structure of which is as follows: Figure 3 As shown.

[0036] The calibration and adjustment fixture includes a reference tool ball seat 01, an incident light calibration front seat 02, a prism positioning seat 03, a refracted light calibration front seat 04, a refracted light calibration rear seat 05, a laser radiator positioning seat 06, an incident light calibration rear seat 07, a laser radiator 08, a right-angle prism 09, a rear target 10, a front target 11, a positioning screw 12, a spherical positioning bushing 13, a fixing screw 14, a tool ball 15, and a platform 16.

[0037] The reference tool ball seat 01 consists of four parts, arranged in a rectangular shape and fixedly installed on the platform 16, for use in establishing the system coordinate system for calibration.

[0038] The prism positioning seat 03 includes a positioning support 31 and a prism positioning sleeve 32. The positioning support 31 is fixedly mounted on the platform 16 by fixing screws 14. The positioning support 31 has a circular hole, in which the prism positioning sleeve 32 is installed for clamping the right-angle prism 09. The prism positioning sleeve 32 and the right-angle prism 09 are connected by threads to ensure the installation posture of the right-angle prism 09. Figure 2 As shown.

[0039] The laser radiator positioning seat 06 is fixedly installed on the platform 16 in the incident direction of the right-angle prism 09. A spherical positioning bushing 13 is provided on it for clamping the laser radiator 08. The spherical positioning bushing 13 is coaxial with the prism positioning bushing 32, so the laser radiator 08 clamped by the two is coaxial with the right-angle prism 09. A positioning screw 12 is provided inside the spherical positioning bushing 13. By adjusting the positioning screw 12, the coaxiality of the incident light can be adjusted.

[0040] The incident light calibration front seat 02 and incident light calibration rear seat 07 are positioned and installed on the platform 16 on the incident light path. They are located on both sides of the prism positioning seat 03. The incident light calibration front seat 02 is installed between the prism positioning seat 03 and the laser radiator positioning seat 06. Both the incident light calibration front seat 02 and the incident light calibration rear seat 07 have a target hole at their center for positioning the target. The target holes of both are coaxial with the spherical positioning bushing 13 and the prism positioning bushing 32. The front target 11 is positioned and installed on the incident light calibration front seat 02 through the target hole, and the rear target 10 is positioned and installed on the incident light calibration rear seat 07 through the target hole, for measuring and correcting the coaxiality of the incident light.

[0041] The refractive light calibration front seat 04 and the refractive light calibration rear seat 05 are positioned and installed on the platform 16 on the refractive light path. The refractive light calibration front seat 04 is located between the prism positioning seat 03 and the refractive light calibration rear seat 05. Both of them have a target hole at their center for positioning the target. The target holes of both are coaxial with the refracted light of the right-angle prism 09. The front target 11 is positioned and installed on the refractive light calibration front seat 04 through the target hole, and the rear target 10 is positioned and installed on the refractive light calibration rear seat 05 through the target hole. They are used to measure the coaxiality of the refracted light to calibrate the right-angle prism 09.

[0042] The tool ball 15 is a glass ball, which is installed on a locator including an incident light calibration front seat 02, a prism positioning seat 03, a refracted light calibration front seat 04, a refracted light calibration rear seat 05, and an incident light calibration rear seat 07. Three tool balls 15 are installed on each locator, specifically at three corners in the direction of light incident on the locator. The installation posture of each locator is calibrated by calibrating the coaxiality of the light reflected by the tool ball 15 and its incident light.

[0043] 2. Based on the calibration and adjustment fixture structure drawing, collect all parts and count their quantities. Prepare platform 16 according to the structure drawing, and proceed accordingly. Figure 3 Positioning: A relative coordinate system is established with platform 16 as the reference using a laser tracker. Reference tool ball seats 01 are installed, and the position accuracy of the four reference tool ball seats 01 is controlled to 0.2mm.

[0044] 3. Based on the reference coordinate values ​​on the reference tool ball seat 01, establish the calibration system coordinate system using the laser tracker, assign theoretical coordinate values ​​to the laser radiator positioning seat 06, prism positioning seat 03, refracted light calibration front seat 04, refracted light calibration rear seat 05, incident light calibration front seat 02, and incident light calibration rear seat 07, adjust the positions, and fix them with fixing screws 14 to complete the initial position fixation.

[0045] 4. First, precisely adjust the position and orientation of the prism positioning seat 03. Use a laser tracker and tool ball 15 to control the alignment of the axis of the prism positioning seat 03 with the incident light, control the angle between the two axes, control the parallelism and distance between the positioning surface of the prism positioning sleeve 32 (i.e., the end face of the prism positioning sleeve connecting to the right angle prism 09) and the refracted light, and evaluate the deviation between the constructed refraction point and the theoretical refraction point.

[0046] 5. The installation and positioning of the incident light path calibration seat and the laser radiator positioning seat are achieved by using a laser tracker and tool ball 15 to adjust the center positions of the incident light calibration front seat 02, the incident light calibration rear seat 07 and the laser radiator positioning seat 06 to coincide with the optical path, and controlling the coaxiality of the positioning device in the overall optical path to be within 0.05mm.

[0047] 6. The installation and positioning of the refraction path calibration seat shall be based on the incident light path and the refraction point constructed in step 4. The refraction light calibration front seat 04 and the refraction light calibration rear seat 05 shall be precisely adjusted to ensure that the coaxiality relative to the reference is controlled within 0.05mm.

[0048] 7. Positioning and calibration of laser radiator 08: In order to eliminate the influence of the fit error and angle error between laser radiator 08 and laser radiator positioning seat 06 on prism calibration, the laser radiator 08 is finely adjusted and the optical path is corrected by incident light calibration front seat 02 and incident light calibration rear seat 07. Install the light radiator 08 into the spherical positioning sleeve 13 on the laser radiator positioning seat 06. Make minor adjustments using the positioning screw 12 to ensure the light path passes through the center of the front target 11 on the incident light calibration front seat 02. Remove the front target 11 and let the light shine onto the rear target 10 on the incident light calibration rear seat 07. Check if it is centered. If the light is not centered on the target, fine-tune the positioning screw 12 and verify again through the front target 11 on the incident light calibration front seat 02 whether the light is centered. Repeat the verification and adjustment until the light can simultaneously shine onto the centers of the front target 11 and the rear target 10 on the incident light calibration front seat 02 and the incident light calibration rear seat 07. Rotate the laser radiator 08 to verify the stability of the incident light and keep it in the center position of the target. If the light target point fluctuates during rotation, it is necessary to adjust the positioning screw 12 to ensure that the light target point remains stable during one rotation, thus confirming the accuracy of the calibration adjustment fixture.

[0049] 8. Right-angle prism 09 calibration: Install right-angle prism 09 onto prism positioning seat 03, ensuring a secure installation and tight clamping of the positioning surfaces. Activate laser radiator 08. The light beam is refracted through right-angle prism 09 onto the front target 11 on the refraction calibration front seat 04. Observe the position of the refracted light path center on the front target 11. Adjust the position of the universal joint endoscope 92 by adjusting screw 91 on right-angle prism 09, ensuring the light beam is centered on the front target 11. Fix right-angle prism 09, remove the front target 11, and direct the refracted light beam onto the rear target 10 on the refraction calibration rear seat 05. Observe the position of the light beam on the rear target 10 at this time. The following adjustment strategy is adopted:

[0050] 1) Adjust the parallelism between the refracted ray and the platform 16, observe the position of the ray on the front target 11 and the rear target 10, calculate the height difference between the front and rear targets, adjust the universal joint endoscope 92 to correct the deviation, and ensure that the ray is at the same height as the center of the front target 11 and the rear target 10 at the same time, and determine the reference plane of the right angle prism 09.

[0051] 2) Adjust the perpendicularity of the refracted ray to the incident ray, observe the position of the ray on the front target 11 and the rear target 10, and adjust the universal joint endoscope 92 to correct the deviation by calculating the left and right difference between the front and rear targets, so as to ensure that the ray is parallel to the theoretical refracted ray in the center of the front target 11 and the rear target 10 at the same height, and determine the perpendicularity of the incident and refracted rays.

[0052] 3) Adjust the position of the refracted light ray, observe the position of the light ray on the front target 11 and the rear target 10, and adjust the universal joint endoscope 92 to correct the deviation by calculating the deviation from the center point of the target, so as to ensure that the light ray is at the center point of the front target 11 and the rear target 10 at the same time, and determine the position of the zigzag light ray.

[0053] Based on the position of the verification light at the center of the target, it can be determined whether the right-angle prism 09 is qualified and meets the usage requirements. Otherwise, repeat the above steps until the refracted light simultaneously meets the requirements of the center of the rear target 10 and the front target 11. The right-angle prism 09 is then qualified. The position of the right-angle prism 09 is fixed, and the verification is repeated to complete the calibration of the right-angle prism 09.

[0054] The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the implementation methods of the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A calibration method for a right-angle prism used in aircraft assembly, characterized in that, The calibration method includes the following steps: Step 1: Design a calibration and adjustment fixture according to the usage requirements of the right-angle prism; The calibration and adjustment fixture includes a reference tool ball seat (01), an incident light calibration front seat (02), a prism positioning seat (03), a refracted light calibration front seat (04), a refracted light calibration rear seat (05), a laser radiator positioning seat (06), an incident light calibration rear seat (07), a laser radiator (08), a right-angle prism (09), a rear target (10), a front target (11), a positioning screw (12), a spherical positioning bushing (13), and a platform (16). The reference tool ball seat (01) has four in total, which are arranged in a rectangular shape and fixedly connected to the platform (16) for calibrating the establishment of the system coordinate system; The prism positioning seat (03) includes a positioning support seat (31) and a prism positioning bushing (32). The positioning support seat (31) is fixedly installed on the platform (16). The positioning support seat (31) has a round hole, and the prism positioning bushing (32) is installed in the round hole for clamping the right angle prism (09). The prism positioning bushing (32) and the right angle prism (09) are connected by threads to ensure the installation posture of the right angle prism (09). The laser radiator positioning seat (06) is fixedly installed on the platform (16) in the incident direction of the right angle prism (09). A spherical positioning bushing (13) is provided on it for clamping the laser radiator (08). The spherical positioning bushing (13) is coaxial with the prism positioning bushing (32). Thus, the laser radiator (08) clamped by the two is coaxial with the right angle prism (09). A positioning screw (12) is provided inside the spherical positioning bushing (13). By adjusting the positioning screw (12), the laser radiator (08) can be finely adjusted. The incident light calibration front seat (02) and incident light calibration rear seat (07) are positioned and installed on the platform (16) on the incident light path. They are located on both sides of the prism positioning seat (03). The incident light calibration front seat (02) is installed between the prism positioning seat (03) and the laser radiator positioning seat (06). The center of both the incident light calibration front seat (02) and the incident light calibration rear seat (07) is provided with a target hole for positioning the target. The target holes of both are coaxial with the spherical positioning bushing (13) and the prism positioning bushing (32). The front target (11) is positioned and installed on the incident light calibration front seat (02) through the target hole, and the rear target (10) is positioned and installed on the incident light calibration rear seat (07) through the target hole for measuring and correcting the coaxiality of the incident light. The refractive light calibration front seat (04) and the refractive light calibration rear seat (05) are positioned on the platform (16) on the refractive light path. The refractive light calibration front seat (04) is located between the prism positioning seat (03) and the refractive light calibration rear seat (05). Both of them have a target hole at their center for positioning the target. The target holes of both are coaxial with the refracted light of the right-angle prism (09). The front target (11) is positioned on the refractive light calibration front seat (04) through the target hole, and the rear target (10) is positioned on the refractive light calibration rear seat (05) through the target hole. They are used to measure the coaxiality of the refracted light to calibrate the right-angle prism (09). Step 2: Prepare to calibrate and adjust each component of the fixture, and calibrate and install the laser tracker for each component; establish a relative coordinate system with the platform (16) as the reference, and install the reference tool ball seat (01) after determining its position using the laser tracker; Step 3: Based on the reference coordinate values ​​of the reference tool ball seat (01), establish the calibration system coordinate system using the laser tracker, assign theoretical coordinate values ​​to the incident light calibration front seat (02), prism positioning seat (03), refracted light calibration front seat (04), refracted light calibration rear seat (05), laser radiator positioning seat (06) and incident light calibration rear seat (07), and determine the initial position; Step 4: Positioning and installation of each component of the incident light path; First, determine the position of the prism positioning seat (03) according to its coordinates, install it on the platform (16) and adjust the installation posture, control the angle between the axis of the prism positioning seat (03) and the incident light, and control the position of the positioning surface of the right angle prism (09) to construct the position of the refraction point, evaluate the deviation between the constructed refraction point and the theoretical refraction point constructed before calibration, and ensure that it is coaxial with the incident light path; According to the coordinates, assemble the incident light calibration front seat (02), the incident light calibration rear seat (07), and the laser radiator positioning seat (06) in sequence and adjust the installation posture to control its axis to be coaxial with the incident light; Step 5: Positioning and installation of each component of the refracting optical path; Based on the coordinates, the refracting light calibration front seat (04) and refracting light calibration rear seat (05) in the refracting optical path are initially installed on the platform (16) and the installation posture is adjusted. The refracting point and incident light are used as reference benchmarks to control the axial position of the refracting light calibration front seat (04) and refracting light calibration rear seat (05) adjustment seats. Step 6: Positioning and calibration of laser radiator (08); Place the laser radiator (08) into the laser radiator positioning seat (06), start the laser radiator (08), and the light beam passes through the front target (11) on the incident light calibration front seat (02) and the rear target (10) on the incident light calibration rear seat (07) respectively. Adjust the positioning screw (12) to fine-tune the optical path correction and positioning of the laser radiator (08) until the incident light beam simultaneously meets the requirement of hitting the center of the rear target (10) and the front target (11) to eliminate the installation error of the laser radiator; Step 7: Right-angle prism (09) calibration; Install the right-angle prism (09) into the prism positioning sleeve (32). The incident light is refracted by the right-angle prism (09) into the front target (11) on the front refracting light calibration seat (04) and the rear target (10) on the rear refracting light calibration seat (05). Observe the position of the center of the refracted light path on the front target (11) and the rear target (10). Adjust the prism position in the right-angle prism (09) until the refracted light simultaneously meets the requirements of the center of the rear target (10) and the front target (11), and realize the calibration of the right-angle prism (09).

2. The calibration method for a right-angle prism used in aircraft assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step one, the positioning support (31) of the calibration and adjustment fixture is fixedly installed on the platform (16) by fixing screws (14).

3. The calibration method for a right-angle prism used in aircraft assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step one, the calibration and adjustment fixture also includes tool balls (15), which are glass balls, and are installed on the positioners including the incident light calibration front seat (02), prism positioning seat (03), refracted light calibration front seat (04), refracted light calibration rear seat (05) and incident light calibration rear seat (07). Three tool balls (15) are installed on each positioner, specifically at the three corners in the direction of light entering the positioner. By calibrating the coaxiality of the light reflected by the tool ball (15) and its incident light, the installation posture of each positioner is calibrated.

4. The calibration method for a right-angle prism used in aircraft assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step two, the positional accuracy of the four reference tool ball seats (01) is within 0.2 mm.

5. The calibration method for a right-angle prism used in aircraft assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step four, the overall coaxiality of the incident light calibration front seat (02), prism positioning seat (03), laser radiator positioning seat (06), incident light calibration rear seat (07) and the incident light beam is controlled within 0.05 mm.

6. The calibration method for a right-angle prism used in aircraft assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step six specifically involves installing the laser radiator (08) into the spherical positioning sleeve (13) on the laser radiator positioning seat (06), making minor adjustments using the positioning screw (12) to ensure the light path passes through the center of the front target (11) on the incident light calibration front seat (02), removing the front target (11), and allowing the light to strike the rear target (10) on the incident light calibration rear seat (07). Check if the light is centered. If the light is not centered on the target, fine-tune the positioning screw (12) and perform the incident light calibration again. The front target (11) on the front seat (02) verifies whether the light is in the center. Repeated verification and adjustment are performed until the light can simultaneously hit the center of the front target (11) and the rear target (10) on the incident light calibration front seat (02) and the incident light calibration rear seat (07). The laser radiator (08) is rotated to verify the stability of the incident light and keep it in the center position of the target. If the light target point fluctuates during rotation, it is necessary to adjust the positioning screw (12) to ensure that the light target point remains stable when the light rotates one revolution.

7. The calibration method for a right-angle prism used in aircraft assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step seven specifically involves installing the right-angle prism (09) onto the prism positioning seat (03), activating the laser radiator (08), and refracting the light through the right-angle prism (09) onto the front target (11) on the refraction light calibration front seat (04). Observing the position of the center of the refracted light path on the front target (11), adjusting the position of the universal joint endoscope (92) by adjusting the screw (91) on the right-angle prism (09) to make the light located at the center of the front target (11), fixing the right-angle prism (09), removing the front target (11), and allowing the refracted light to hit the rear target (10) on the refraction light calibration rear seat (05). Observing the position of the light on the rear target (10) at this time, the following adjustment strategy is adopted: 1) Adjust the parallelism between the refracted ray and the platform (16), observe the position of the ray on the front target (11) and the rear target (10), calculate the height difference between the front and rear targets, adjust the universal joint endoscope (92) to correct the deviation, and ensure that the ray is at the same height in the center of the front target (11) and the rear target (10) at the same time, and determine the reference plane of the right angle prism (09); 2) Adjust the perpendicularity of the refracted ray to the incident ray, observe the position of the ray on the front target (11) and the rear target (10), and adjust the universal joint endoscope (92) to correct the deviation by calculating the left and right difference between the front and rear targets, so as to ensure that the ray is parallel to the theoretical refracted ray in the same height plane of the center of the front target (11) and the rear target (10) at the same time, and determine the perpendicularity of the incident and refracted rays. 3) Adjust the position of the refracted light ray, observe the position of the light ray on the front target (11) and the rear target (10), and adjust the universal joint endoscope (92) to correct the deviation by calculating the deviation from the center point of the target, so as to ensure that the light ray is at the center point of the front target (11) and the rear target (10) at the same time, and determine the position of the zigzag light ray. Based on the position of the verification light at the center of the target, determine whether the right-angle prism (09) meets the usage requirements. Otherwise, repeat the above steps until the refracted light simultaneously meets the requirements of the center of the rear target (10) and the front target (11). Determine that the right-angle prism (09) is qualified, fix the position of the right-angle prism (09), and repeat the verification again to complete the calibration.

8. The calibration method for a right-angle prism used in aircraft assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, After calibration, the right-angle prism (09) has a perpendicularity of less than 0.05 mm between the refracted light path and the incident light path within a range of 10 m, and the distance between the refraction point and the positioning surface of the prism positioning seat (03) is controlled within 0.05 mm.

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