A reaction container

Abstract

The present invention relates to a reaction vessel, comprising: a shell, a shell-side air inlet assembly and several groups of tube-side assemblies, the shell-side air inlet assembly comprising a top gas inlet pipe, a bottom gas inlet pipe and an intermediate cylinder member and a catalyst isolation member arranged between the top gas inlet pipe and the bottom gas inlet pipe, the intermediate cylinder member being assembled by stacking several cylinder sections in the up-down direction, the catalyst isolation member being assembled by stacking several isolation frames in the up-down direction, the shell being provided with several gas outlet pipes, each group of tube-side assemblies comprising: an upper ball head, an upper tube plate, a lower ball head, a lower tube plate and several heat exchange tubes, the top of the upper ball head being connected to the steam outlet pipe, the bottom of the lower ball head being connected to the steam inlet pipe, a gas outlet collector being provided on the periphery of the heat exchange tube, the space outside the heat exchange tube between the catalyst isolation member and the gas outlet collector being filled with catalyst, thereby greatly increasing the filling amount of the catalyst.

Description

Technical field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of chemical machinery, and in particular to a reaction container. [Background Technology]

[0002] A reaction vessel is a container used to complete physical and chemical reactions of a medium. In industrial production, especially in the chemical, pharmaceutical, fertilizer, and refining industries, reaction vessels are widely used as a pressure-bearing equipment due to process needs.

[0003] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 A reaction vessel in the prior art is disclosed, comprising a cylinder 1', an upper head 2', a lower head 3', an upper tube sheet 4', a lower tube sheet 5' and several heat exchange tubes 6'. The upper and lower heads are respectively provided with a tube-side inlet 7' and a tube-side outlet 8', and the cylinder 1' is respectively provided with a shell-side inlet 9' and a shell-side outlet 10'. The tube-side medium is synthesis gas and the shell-side medium is steam. In order to accelerate the chemical reaction rate of the synthesis gas, a catalyst is added to the heat exchange tube in the prior art. The defects of setting the catalyst in the heat exchange tube are: 1. The space in the heat exchange tube is limited, and the space for installing the catalyst is very small, so the catalyst filling amount is very small. In order to increase the catalyst filling amount, the more commonly used solution in the prior art is to expand the entire equipment, but this will lead to an increase in production costs, so the economy is poor. 2. If the catalyst is set in the heat exchange tube, if the local temperature is too high, it will cause the catalyst to agglomerate and fail (i.e., catalyst sintering), which is easy to affect the fluidity of the tube-side medium.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a reaction container that solves the above technical problems. [Summary of the invention]

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a reaction vessel that can increase the catalyst filling amount and accelerate the reaction speed.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a reaction vessel, comprising: a shell, a shell-side air inlet assembly arranged at the center position of the shell, and a plurality of tube-side assemblies arranged in the shell and distributed around the shell-side air inlet assembly, the shell-side air inlet assembly comprising a top gas inlet pipe, a bottom gas inlet pipe and an intermediate cylinder member and a catalyst isolation member arranged between the top gas inlet pipe and the bottom gas inlet pipe, the catalyst isolation member being arranged on the outside of the intermediate cylinder member, the intermediate cylinder member being assembled by stacking a plurality of cylinder sections in the vertical direction, each cylinder section being provided with a plurality of first holes for the synthesis gas to pass through, the catalyst isolation member being assembled by stacking a plurality of isolation frames in the vertical direction, the shell being provided with a plurality of gas Outlet pipe, each group of tube-side components includes: an upper ball head, an upper tube plate, a lower ball head, a lower tube plate and several heat exchange tubes, the upper ball head is welded to the upper tube plate, the lower ball head is welded to the lower tube plate, the top of the upper ball head is connected to the steam outlet pipe, the bottom of the lower ball head is connected to the steam inlet pipe, the top of the heat exchange tube is welded to the upper tube plate, the bottom of the heat exchange tube is welded to the lower tube plate, the periphery of the heat exchange tube is provided with a gas outlet collector welded to the inner wall of the shell, the gas outlet collector is provided with several second holes for the synthesis gas to pass through, the space outside the heat exchange tube between the catalyst isolation element and the gas outlet collector is filled with catalyst, and the upper ball head and the lower ball head are surrounded by inert balls.

[0007] Preferably, a reaction vessel in the present invention is further configured as follows: a groove is concavely provided at the bottom of each cylinder segment, and a convex portion is convexly provided at the top; in each of two adjacent cylinder segments, the boss of the lower cylinder segment is accommodated in the groove of the upper cylinder segment and the two are connected by a plurality of first fixing members; the top of the intermediate cylinder member is welded to the top gas inlet pipe, and the bottom of the intermediate cylinder member is connected to the bottom gas inlet pipe by bolts and nuts.

[0008] Preferably, a reaction vessel in the present invention is further configured as follows: each two adjacent isolation frames are connected by a second fixing member, each isolation frame is composed of a plurality of isolation frames arranged along the circumferential direction, and each two adjacent isolation frames in the circumferential direction are connected by a third fixing member, each isolation frame is welded by a plurality of vertical flat steels and a plurality of horizontal round steels, the vertical flat steels are welded with nuts, a centering rod is installed in the nuts, a wire mesh is spot-welded on the outside of the entire catalyst isolation element, the bottom of the catalyst isolation element is supported on the bottom gas inlet pipe by a support element, the support element and the catalyst isolation element are connected by a fourth fixing member, and a conical basket cover is provided on the top of the catalyst isolation element.

[0009] Preferably, a reaction vessel in the present invention is further configured as follows: the gas outlet collector includes a mesh cylinder arranged on the outside of the heat exchange tube, a first cone cylinder welded to the mesh cylinder, a second cone cylinder welded to the inner wall of the shell, and a cylinder arranged between the first cone cylinder and the second cone cylinder, the two free ends of the cylinder are welded to the first cone cylinder and the second cone cylinder respectively, a ring plate is provided between the cylinder and the shell, the outer side of the ring plate is welded to the inner wall of the shell, the inner side of the ring plate is welded to the outer wall of the cylinder, and the second hole is arranged on the mesh cylinder of the gas outlet collector.

[0010] Preferably, a reaction vessel in the present invention is further configured as follows: the number of the tube-side components is four, and the four groups of tube-side components are evenly arranged around the shell-side air inlet component.

[0011] Preferably, a reaction vessel in the present invention is further configured as follows: the shell includes a cylinder, an upper head welded above the cylinder and a lower head welded below the cylinder, the steam outlet pipe and the top gas inlet pipe both extend out of the upper head, and the steam inlet pipe and the bottom gas inlet pipe both extend out of the lower head.

[0012] Preferably, a reaction vessel in the present invention is further configured as follows: a manhole is provided at the lower head.

[0013] Preferably, a reaction container in the present invention is further configured as follows: the gas outlet pipe is arranged on the cylinder.

[0014] Preferably, a reaction container in the present invention is further configured as follows: the heat exchange tube includes a middle vertical section, an upper bending section and a lower bending section.

[0015] Preferably, a reaction vessel in the present invention is further configured such that: the tube-side medium in the heat exchange tube is steam, and the shell-side medium in the shell is synthesis gas.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the present invention improves the entire structural layout of the reaction vessel. After the improvement, the tube-side medium in the heat exchange tube is steam, the shell-side medium in the shell is synthetic gas, and the catalyst is filled between the catalyst isolation member and the gas outlet collector. Compared with the prior art structure in which the tube-side medium is synthetic gas, the shell-side medium is steam, and the catalyst is filled in the heat exchange tube, the present invention not only greatly increases the catalyst filling amount and improves the reaction efficiency, but also avoids catalyst sintering.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a reaction container in the prior art.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the reaction container in the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the top view of the reaction vessel in the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the shell-side air intake assembly of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 It is a schematic top view of the shell-side air intake assembly of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the locally enlarged structure at point A in the middle.

[0023] Figure 7 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure at point B in the middle.

[0024] Figure 1 Middle: 1`, cylinder, 2`, upper head, 3`, lower head, 4`, upper tube sheet, 5`, lower tube sheet, 6`, heat exchange tube, 7`, tube side inlet, 8`, tube side outlet, 9`, shell side inlet, 10`, shell side outlet.

[0025] Figures 2 to 7 Middle: 1. Shell, 10. Gas outlet pipe, 11. Cylinder, 12. Upper head, 13. Lower head, 130. Manhole, 2. Shell-side air inlet assembly, 20. Top gas inlet pipe, 21. Bottom gas inlet pipe, 22. Intermediate cylinder, 220. Cylinder section, 221. Groove, 222. Protrusion, 223. First fixing member, 23. Catalyst isolation member, 230. Isolation frame, 2300. Isolation frame, 2301. Third fixing member, 2302. Vertical flat steel, 2303. Horizontal round steel, 2304. Nut, 2305. Centering rod, 23 1. Second fixing member, 24. Support member, 25. Fourth fixing member, 26. Conical basket cover, 3. Tube-side assembly, 30. Upper ball head, 300, 320. Inert ball, 31. Upper tube sheet, 32. Lower ball head, 33. Lower tube sheet, 34. Heat exchange tube, 340. Middle vertical section, 341. Upper bend section, 342. Lower bend section, 35. Steam outlet pipe, 36. Steam inlet pipe, 37. Gas outlet collector, 370. Mesh cylinder, 371. First cone, 372. Second cone, 373. Cylinder, 374. Ring plate, 4. Catalyst. [Specific implementation method]

[0026] The reaction container of the present invention is further described in detail below through specific embodiments.

[0027] Ginseng Figures 2 to 7As shown, a reaction vessel includes: a shell 1, a shell-side air inlet assembly 2 arranged at the center position of the shell 1, and several groups of tube-side assemblies 3 arranged in the shell 1 and distributed around the shell-side air inlet assembly 2. In this embodiment, a total of four groups of tube-side assemblies 3 are provided, and the four groups of tube-side assemblies 3 are evenly distributed around the shell-side air inlet assembly 2.

[0028] The shell-side air inlet assembly 2 includes a top gas inlet pipe 20, a bottom gas inlet pipe 21, an intermediate cylinder 22 disposed between the top gas inlet pipe 20 and the bottom gas inlet pipe 21, and a catalyst separator 23. The catalyst separator 23 is disposed on the outside of the intermediate cylinder 22. The intermediate cylinder 22 is assembled by stacking a plurality of cylinder segments 220 in the vertical direction. Each cylinder segment 220 is provided with a plurality of first holes (not shown) for the synthesis gas to pass through. Each cylinder segment 220 has a recessed groove 221 at the bottom and a protrusion 222 at the top. In each pair of adjacent cylinder segments, the boss of the lower cylinder segment is received in the recess of the upper cylinder segment, and the two are connected by a plurality of first fixing members 223. In this embodiment, the first fixing members 223 are bolts and nuts. The top of the intermediate cylinder 22 is welded to the top gas inlet pipe 20, and the bottom of the intermediate cylinder 22 is connected to the bottom gas inlet pipe 21 by bolts and nuts. The catalyst separator 23 is composed of several separator frames 230 stacked and assembled vertically. Each pair of adjacent separator frames 230 is connected by a second fixing member 231. In this embodiment, the second fixing member 231 comprises a connecting plate, bolts, and nuts. Each separator frame 230 is composed of several circumferentially arranged separator racks 2300. Each pair of circumferentially adjacent separator racks is connected by a third fixing member 2301. In this embodiment, the third fixing member 2301 comprises a bolt and nut. Each isolation frame 2300 is welded by several vertical flat steels 2302 and several horizontal round steels 2303. The vertical flat steels 2302 are welded with nuts 2304, and a centering rod 2305 is installed in the nuts 2304. The outer side of the entire catalyst isolation member 23 is spot-welded with a wire mesh (not shown). The bottom of the catalyst isolation member 23 is supported on the bottom gas inlet pipe 21 by a support member 24. The support member 24 and the catalyst isolation member 23 are connected by a fourth fixing member 25. In this embodiment, the fourth fixing member 25 is a connecting plate, a bolt and a nut. The top of the catalyst isolation member 23 is provided with a conical basket cover 26, and the shell 1 is provided with several gas outlet pipes 10.

[0029] Each tube-pass assembly 3 includes: an upper spherical head 30, an upper tube sheet 31, a lower spherical head 32, a lower tube sheet 33 and a plurality of heat exchange tubes 34. The upper spherical head 30 is welded to the upper tube sheet 31, and the lower spherical head 32 is welded to the lower tube sheet 33. The top of the upper spherical head 30 is connected to the steam outlet pipe 35, and the bottom of the lower spherical head 32 is connected to the steam inlet pipe 36. The top of the heat exchange tube 34 is welded to the upper tube sheet 31, and the bottom of the heat exchange tube 34 is welded to the lower tube sheet 33. The periphery of the heat exchange tube 34 is provided with a gas outlet collector 37 welded to the inner wall of the shell 1. The gas outlet collector 37 includes A mesh tube 370 is arranged on the outside of the heat exchange tube 34, a first cone tube 371 welded to the mesh tube 370, a second cone tube 372 welded to the inner wall of the shell 1, and a cylinder 373 is arranged between the first cone tube 371 and the second cone tube 372. The two free ends of the cylinder 373 are welded to the first cone tube 371 and the second cone tube 372 respectively. A ring plate 374 is provided between the cylinder 373 and the shell 1. The outer side of the ring plate 374 is welded to the inner wall of the shell 1, and the inner side of the ring plate 374 is welded to the outer wall of the cylinder 373. The mesh tube 370 is provided with a plurality of second holes (not shown) for the synthesis gas to pass through. The space between the catalyst isolation member 23 and the gas outlet collector 37 outside the heat exchange tube 34 is filled with catalyst 4, and the upper ball head 30 and the lower ball head 32 are filled with inert balls 300 and 320. The function of the inert balls 300 and 320 is to keep the catalyst 4 between the catalyst isolation member 23 and the gas outlet collector 37, and will not be displaced up and down due to the impact force of the synthetic gas.

[0030] The shell 1 includes a cylinder 11, an upper head 12 welded to the top of the cylinder 11, and a lower head 13 welded to the bottom of the cylinder 11. The steam outlet pipe 35 and the top gas inlet pipe 20 both extend out of the upper head 12, and the steam inlet pipe 36 and the bottom gas inlet pipe 21 both extend out of the lower head 13. A manhole 130 is provided at the lower head 13. The gas outlet pipe 10 is arranged on the cylinder 11. The heat exchange tube 34 includes a middle vertical section 340, an upper bend section 341 and a lower bend section 342. The tube-side medium in the heat exchange tube 34 is steam, and the shell-side medium in the shell 1 is synthetic gas.

[0031] The working principle of the reaction vessel in the present invention is as follows: steam enters the heat exchange tube 34 from the steam inlet pipe 36 at the bottom of the reaction vessel, and then goes out from the steam outlet pipe 35 at the top of the reaction vessel. The synthetic gas enters the intermediate cylinder 22 of the shell-side air inlet component 2 from the top gas inlet pipe 20 and the bottom gas inlet pipe 21 of the shell-side air inlet component 2 at the same time, and then enters the space between the catalyst isolation component 23 and the gas outlet collector 37 through several first holes on the intermediate cylinder 22 to exchange heat with the steam in the heat exchange tube 34. After heat exchange, it comes out through the second hole on the mesh tube of the gas outlet collector 37, and finally flows out of the reaction vessel through the gas outlet pipe 10 arranged on the shell 1.

[0032] In summary, the present invention improves the entire structural layout of the reaction vessel. After the improvement, the tube-side medium in the heat exchange tube is steam, the shell-side medium in the shell is synthesis gas, and the catalyst is filled between the catalyst isolation element and the gas outlet collector. Compared with the prior art structure in which the tube-side medium is synthesis gas, the shell-side medium is steam, and the catalyst is filled in the heat exchange tube, the present invention not only greatly increases the catalyst filling amount and improves the reaction efficiency, but also avoids catalyst sintering.

[0033] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, as well as some embodiments of its application, and are not intended to limit the present invention. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the inventive concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A reaction vessel, characterized in that: include: The shell, a shell-side air intake assembly arranged at the center of the shell, and several groups of tube-side assemblies arranged in the shell and distributed around the shell-side air intake assembly, the shell-side air intake assembly includes a top gas inlet pipe, a bottom gas inlet pipe, and an intermediate cylinder member and a catalyst isolation member arranged between the top gas inlet pipe and the bottom gas inlet pipe. The catalyst isolation member is arranged on the outside of the intermediate cylinder member. The intermediate cylinder member is assembled by stacking several cylinder sections in the up and down direction. Each cylinder section is provided with several first holes for the synthesis gas to pass through. The catalyst isolation member is assembled by stacking several isolation frames in the up and down direction. The shell is provided with several gas outlets. Inlet pipe, each group of tube-side components includes: an upper ball head, an upper tube plate, a lower ball head, a lower tube plate and a plurality of heat exchange tubes, the upper ball head is welded to the upper tube plate, the lower ball head is welded to the lower tube plate, the top of the upper ball head is connected to the steam outlet pipe, the bottom of the lower ball head is connected to the steam inlet pipe, the top of the heat exchange tube is welded to the upper tube plate, the bottom of the heat exchange tube is welded to the lower tube plate, the periphery of the heat exchange tube is provided with a gas outlet collector welded to the inner wall of the shell, the gas outlet collector is provided with a plurality of second holes for the synthesis gas to pass through, the catalyst separator and the gas outlet collector are in the space outside the heat exchange tube. Filled with catalyst, the upper and lower ball heads are filled with inert balls all around, each upper and lower adjacent isolation frames are connected by a second fixing piece, each isolation frame is composed of a number of isolation frames arranged along the circumferential direction, and each circumferentially adjacent isolation frames are connected by a third fixing piece, each isolation frame is welded by a number of vertical flat steels and a number of horizontal round steels, the vertical flat steels are welded with nuts, a centering rod is installed in the nuts, a wire mesh is spot-welded on the outside of the entire catalyst isolation piece, the bottom of the catalyst isolation piece is supported on the bottom gas inlet pipe by a support piece, and the support piece and the catalyst isolation piece are connected by a fourth fixing piece A conical basket cover is provided on the top of the catalyst isolation element, and the gas outlet collector includes a mesh cylinder arranged on the outside of the heat exchange tube, a first cone cylinder welded to the mesh cylinder, a second cone cylinder welded to the inner wall of the shell, and a cylinder arranged between the first cone cylinder and the second cone cylinder. The two free ends of the cylinder are welded to the first cone cylinder and the second cone cylinder respectively. A ring plate is provided between the cylinder and the shell, the outer side of the ring plate is welded to the inner wall of the shell, and the inner side of the ring plate is welded to the outer wall of the cylinder. The second hole is provided on the mesh cylinder of the gas outlet collector, the tube-side medium in the heat exchange tube is steam, and the shell-side medium in the shell is synthetic gas.

2. A reaction container according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of each cylinder segment is concavely provided with a groove, and the top is convexly provided with a convex portion. In each of the two adjacent cylinder segments, the boss of the lower cylinder segment is accommodated in the groove of the upper cylinder segment and the two are connected by a plurality of first fixing members. The top of the intermediate cylinder member is welded to the top gas inlet pipe, and the bottom of the intermediate cylinder member is connected to the bottom gas inlet pipe by bolts and nuts.

3. A reaction container according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the tube-side components is four, and the four groups of tube-side components are evenly arranged around the shell-side air inlet component.

4. A reaction container according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell includes a cylinder, an upper head welded above the cylinder, and a lower head welded below the cylinder. The steam outlet pipe and the top gas inlet pipe both extend out of the upper head, and the steam inlet pipe and the bottom gas inlet pipe both extend out of the lower head.

5. A reaction container according to claim 4, characterized in that: A manhole is provided at the lower head.

6. A reaction container according to claim 4, characterized in that: The gas outlet pipe is arranged on the cylinder.

7. A reaction container according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange tube includes a middle vertical section, an upper bending section and a lower bending section.

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