Apparatus and method for automatically measuring precast components based on spatial scanning technique

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of building measurement construction, in particular to an equipment and a measurement method for automatically measuring prefabricated components based on a space scanning technology, which comprises a unmanned aerial vehicle, a measurement scanning equipment, a balance connecting mechanism and an auxiliary assembly; the unmanned aerial vehicle and the measurement scanning equipment are fixedly connected through the balance connecting mechanism, and the balance connecting mechanism guarantees the balance stability of the measurement scanning equipment during measurement work; through the cooperation of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the measurement scanning equipment and the balance connecting mechanism, the vibration generated in the balance state of the unmanned aerial vehicle in the air scanning work has a positive influence on the accuracy of the scanning work; the unmanned aerial vehicle and the measurement scanning equipment have a buffer stability protection function, and the stability of the connection between the two can be guaranteed in the continuous flight process; the equipment has corresponding work flexibility and improves the scanning work quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building measurement and construction technology, specifically to equipment and measurement methods for automatically measuring prefabricated components based on spatial scanning technology. Background Technology

[0002] Chinese patent document CN105292508A discloses a scanning imaging system and method based on a rotary-wing UAV. It addresses the issue that existing UAV scanning imaging systems utilize an imager mounted on an aircraft (UAV), using the aircraft's flight motion as the imager's translation mechanism. When the aircraft (UAV) cannot maintain sufficient stability, the acquired images become distorted, and the scanning speed is difficult to control during acquisition, resulting in poor image quality. The proposed solution utilizes the UAV as a platform for the scanning imaging system, remotely controlling it wirelessly to fly and land in a designated area. Image scanning and acquisition are performed through the rotation of a three-axis brushless cloud platform or the rotation of the scanning imaging system itself. This solves the problem of instability caused by adjusting the scanning range through the UAV's movement (rotation), thereby improving the quality of the acquired images. Furthermore, it features simple and convenient control. The existing Chinese patent document with announcement number CN213812168U discloses an airborne 3D laser scanner for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). It proposes a UAV lidar system that combines the advantages of UAV technology and airborne lidar. It can operate safely at ultra-low altitudes without complicated airspace applications, can directly obtain true 3D information of the ground surface and ground features, and can complete operations in dangerous areas inaccessible to personnel.

[0003] In the above-mentioned solutions and existing technologies, on the one hand, when combining drones and scanning instruments, the drones inevitably experience vibrations while suspended in the air during aerial scanning, which can affect the accuracy of the scanning work. The connecting parts between the two need to be designed with buffering and stabilizing protection functions, and the stability of the connection between the two also needs to be ensured during continuous flight. Therefore, for scanning instruments installed on the railcar, the scanning instruments need to be compatible with the railcar and the drone, or a connecting device needs to be set up that can be compatible with both the railcar and the drone, and has corresponding walking stability and flight stability to ensure its working flexibility and scanning quality.

[0004] To address these issues, this invention proposes a device and measurement method for automatically measuring prefabricated components based on spatial scanning technology. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide equipment and measurement method for automatically measuring prefabricated components based on spatial scanning technology, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an equipment for automatically measuring prefabricated components based on spatial scanning technology, comprising a drone, a measuring scanning device, a balancing connection mechanism, and auxiliary components. The drone and the measuring scanning device are fixedly connected through the balancing connection mechanism, which ensures the balance and stability of the measuring scanning device during measurement. The balancing connection mechanism is fastened and stabilized through the auxiliary components, further improving the stability and accuracy of its measurement work.

[0007] Preferably, the balancing connection mechanism comprises an upper connecting plate, a first docking plate, a placement groove, a limiting groove, a connecting movable block, a limiting slider, a first auxiliary spring, a connecting slot, a positioning threaded groove, a lower connecting plate, a second docking plate, a square through groove, an auxiliary bearing block, a second auxiliary spring, a threaded through groove, a screw, a knob, a cylindrical groove, a positioning threaded post, a connecting spring, a sliding groove, and a transmission protrusion. The upper connecting plate is fixed to the bottom side of the UAV by bolts, and the bottom side of the upper connecting plate is fixedly provided with a first docking plate. A placement groove is equidistantly provided on one side of the first docking plate. Limiting grooves are symmetrically provided on both sides of the placement groove. A limiting slider is movably provided in the limiting groove. The limiting slider is symmetrically fixed on both sides of the connecting movable block. A first auxiliary spring is symmetrically fixed at both ends of the connecting movable block. One end of the first auxiliary spring is fixedly provided on one side of the placement groove. The connecting slot is provided on the connecting movable block, and the connecting slot... The device is equipped with a positioning threaded groove. The lower connecting plate is fixed to the top side of the measuring and scanning device by bolts, and a second mating plate is fixedly installed on the lower connecting plate. The square through grooves are equidistantly arranged on the second mating plate. The auxiliary bearing block is arranged in the square through groove, and a second auxiliary spring is fixedly installed on the four side walls of the auxiliary bearing block. One end of the second auxiliary spring is fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the square through groove. A threaded through groove is provided through the auxiliary bearing block. The screw is threadedly connected to the threaded through groove, and a knob is fixedly installed on one end of the screw. A cylindrical groove is provided in the screw, and sliding grooves are symmetrically arranged on the side of the cylindrical groove. A transmission protrusion is slidably arranged in the sliding groove. The transmission protrusions are symmetrically fixed on both sides of one end of the positioning threaded column. The positioning threaded column is movably inserted into the cylindrical groove, and one end of the positioning threaded column extends to the outside of the cylindrical groove. A connecting spring is fixedly installed on the end face of the other end, and one end of the connecting spring is fixedly installed in the cylindrical groove.

[0008] Preferably, the second docking plate is positioned correspondingly to the first docking plate and has the same number of sets.

[0009] Preferably, the auxiliary support block and the connecting movable block are positioned correspondingly and have the same number of sets, and the auxiliary support block and the connecting movable block are adapted to be inserted into the connecting slot.

[0010] Preferably, the positioning threaded post and the positioning threaded groove on the connecting movable block are positioned correspondingly and have the same number of sets, and the two are matched and threadedly connected.

[0011] Preferably, the auxiliary component includes an external threaded retaining ring, a post, an arc-shaped extrusion groove, an internal threaded driving ring, a handle, a movable pressure block, a third auxiliary spring, a protrusion, and a return spring. The external threaded retaining ring is symmetrically fixedly disposed on the second mating plate and positioned on the side of the square through groove. An internal threaded driving ring is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the external threaded retaining ring, and a handle is fixedly disposed on the internal threaded driving ring. Posts are movably disposed at equal intervals in the external threaded retaining ring, with one end of each post extending into the arc-shaped extrusion groove. The arc-shaped extrusion groove is equidistantly disposed in the external threaded retaining ring. A movable slot is provided at one end of each post, and a movable pressure block is movably disposed in the movable slot. A third auxiliary spring is fixedly disposed at one end of the movable pressure block, and one end of the third auxiliary spring is fixedly disposed in the movable slot. Protrusions are symmetrically fixedly disposed on both sides of the post, and a return spring is fixedly disposed on one side of each protrusion. One end of the return spring is fixedly disposed in the external threaded retaining ring.

[0012] Preferably, the arc-shaped extrusion groove, the insert column, and the movable pressure block are positioned in a corresponding manner and are arranged in the same number of groups, for a total of four groups.

[0013] Preferably, the groove thickness of the arc-shaped extrusion groove is greater than the diameter of the insert post, and the end of the insert post extending into the arc-shaped extrusion groove is set as a spherical surface.

[0014] A measurement method for an equipment that automatically measures prefabricated components based on spatial scanning technology, characterized in that the measurement method is as follows:

[0015] By using drones, surveying and scanning equipment, and a balancing connection mechanism in conjunction, large-size products are scanned. A total of fourteen stations are set up: four on each side of the web, four on the bottom plate, three inside the box girder, and three on the top plate. Each station scans one surface and the common area between that area and other areas. Based on the data of the common areas, a model of the box girder after construction is built in reverse. Through a computer system, the dimensions of each measurement part are measured at fixed positions and compared with the design dimensions. Non-conforming items are output to evaluate whether the box girder is qualified. This method saves time and labor, and greatly improves the efficiency of workers in construction.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] The automatic spatial scanning measurement device designed in this invention, through the coordinated use of the UAV, the measuring scanning device, and the balancing connection mechanism, ensures that the vibration generated by the balance of the UAV in the air during aerial scanning has a positive impact on the accuracy of the scanning work. The UAV and the measuring scanning device have a buffer and stability protection function, and the connection between the two can be guaranteed to be stable during continuous flight; thus ensuring the corresponding flight stability, operational flexibility, and scanning quality. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a top view of the structural connection of the spatial scanning automatic measurement device of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a top view of the structural connection of the spatial scanning automatic measurement device of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the balancing connection mechanism of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the second docking plate structure connection in the balancing connection mechanism of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a partial sectional view of the connection between the screw and the positioning threaded column structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary component structure connection of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the internal structure connection of the external threaded retaining ring in the auxiliary component of the present invention.

[0025] In the diagram: 1. UAV; 2. Measuring and scanning equipment; 3. Balancing connection mechanism; 4. Upper connecting plate; 301. First docking plate; 302. Placement groove; 303. Limiting groove; 304. Connecting movable block; 305. Limiting slider; 306. First auxiliary spring; 307. Connecting slot; 308. Positioning threaded groove; 309. Lower connecting plate; 310. Second docking plate; 311. Square through groove; 312. Auxiliary bearing block; 313. Second auxiliary spring; 314. Threaded through groove; 315. Screw; 316. Knob; 317. Cylindrical groove; 318. Positioning threaded post; 319. Connecting spring; 320. Slide groove; 321. Transmission protrusion; 322. Auxiliary component; 4. External threaded fixing ring; 401. Insert post; 402. Arc-shaped extrusion groove; 403. Internal threaded drive ring; 404. Handle; 405. Movable pressure block; 406. Third auxiliary spring; 407. Protrusion; 408. Return spring; 409. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] Example 1: Please refer to Figures 1-7 The device for automatically measuring prefabricated components based on spatial scanning technology includes a drone 1, a measuring and scanning device 2, a balancing connection mechanism 3, and auxiliary components 4. The drone 1 and the measuring and scanning device 2 are fixedly connected by the balancing connection mechanism 3, which ensures the balance and stability of the measuring and scanning device 2 during the measurement work. The balancing connection mechanism 3 is fastened and stabilized by the auxiliary components 4, further improving the stability and accuracy of its measurement work.

[0028] The balance connection mechanism 3 includes an upper connecting plate 301, a first docking plate 302, a placement groove 303, a limiting groove 304, a connecting movable block 305, a limiting slider 306, a first auxiliary spring 307, a connecting slot 308, a positioning threaded groove 309, a lower connecting plate 310, a second docking plate 311, a square through groove 312, an auxiliary bearing block 313, a second auxiliary spring 314, a threaded through groove 315, a screw 316, a knob 317, a cylindrical groove 318, a positioning threaded post 319, a connecting spring 320, a sliding groove 321, and a transmission protrusion 322. The upper connecting plate 301 is fixed to the bottom side of the UAV 1 by bolts, and the first docking plate 302 is fixedly installed on the bottom side of the upper connecting plate 301. A placement groove 303 is equidistantly arranged on one side of plate 302. A limiting groove 304 is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the interior of the placement groove 303. A limiting slider 306 is movably arranged in the limiting groove 304. The limiting sliders 306 are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the connecting movable block 305. A first auxiliary spring 307 is symmetrically fixed at both ends of the connecting movable block 305. One end of the first auxiliary spring 307 is fixed on one side of the placement groove 303. A connecting slot 308 is provided on the connecting movable block 305, and a positioning threaded groove 309 is provided in the connecting slot 308. The lower connecting plate 310 is fixed to the top side of the measuring and scanning device 2 by bolts, and a second mating plate 311 is fixedly arranged on the lower connecting plate 310. Square through slots 312 are equidistantly arranged on the second mating plate 311. An auxiliary bearing block 313 is disposed within the square through slot 312, and a second auxiliary spring 314 is fixedly disposed on each of the four side walls of the auxiliary bearing block 313. One end of each second auxiliary spring 314 is fixedly disposed on the inner side wall of the square through slot 312. A threaded through slot 315 is provided through the auxiliary bearing block 313. A screw 316 is threadedly connected to the threaded through slot 315, and a knob 317 is fixedly disposed on one end of the screw 316. A cylindrical slot 318 is provided in the screw 316, and sliding grooves 321 are symmetrically arranged on the sides of the cylindrical slot 318. A transmission protrusion 322 is slidably disposed in the sliding groove 321, and the transmission protrusions 322 are symmetrically fixedly disposed on the positioning threaded post 319. On one end, two positioning threaded posts 319 are movably inserted into the cylindrical groove 318, with one end of the positioning threaded post 319 extending to the outside of the cylindrical groove 318. A connecting spring 320 is fixedly installed on the end face of the other end, with one end of the connecting spring 320 fixedly installed in the cylindrical groove 318. The second mating plate 311 is positioned corresponding to the first mating plate 302 and has the same number of sets. The auxiliary bearing block 313 is positioned corresponding to the connecting movable block 305 and has the same number of sets. The auxiliary bearing block 313 is adapted to be inserted into the connecting slot 308 on the connecting movable block 305. The positioning threaded post 319 is positioned corresponding to the positioning threaded groove 309 on the connecting movable block 305 and has the same number of sets. The two are adapted to be threadedly connected.

[0029] Auxiliary component 4 includes an external threaded retaining ring 401, a pin 402, an arc-shaped extrusion groove 403, an internal threaded driving ring 404, a handle 405, a movable pressure block 406, a third auxiliary spring 407, a protrusion 408, and a return spring 409. The external threaded retaining ring 401 is symmetrically fixed on the second mating plate 311 and is located on the side of the square through groove 312. The external threaded retaining ring 401 is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the internal threaded driving ring 404, and a handle 405 is fixedly mounted on the internal threaded driving ring 404. The pin 402 is movably mounted at equal intervals in the external threaded retaining ring 401, with one end of the pin 402 extending into the arc-shaped extrusion groove 403. The arc-shaped extrusion groove 403 is equidistantly mounted in the external threaded retaining ring 401. One end of the 02 is provided with a movable slot, in which a movable pressure block 406 is movably installed. A third auxiliary spring 407 is fixedly installed at one end of the movable pressure block 406. One end of the third auxiliary spring 407 is fixedly installed in the movable slot. Protrusions 408 are symmetrically fixedly installed on both sides of the insertion post 402. A return spring 409 is fixedly installed on one side of the protrusion 408. One end of the return spring 409 is fixedly installed in the external threaded fixing ring 401. The arc-shaped extrusion groove 403 is positioned corresponding to the insertion post 402 and the movable pressure block 406, and the number of sets is the same, for a total of four sets. The groove thickness of the arc-shaped extrusion groove 403 is greater than the diameter of the insertion post 402, and the end of the insertion post 402 extending into the arc-shaped extrusion groove 403 is set as a spherical surface.

[0030] A measurement method for equipment using spatial scanning technology to automatically measure precast components is characterized by the following steps: A large-size product is scanned using a combination of a drone 1, a measuring and scanning device 2, and a balancing connection mechanism 3. Fourteen stations are set up: four on each side of the web, four on the bottom plate, three inside the box girder, and three on the top plate. Each station scans one surface and the common area between that area and other areas. Based on the common data, a model of the box girder after construction is built. Using a computer system, the dimensions of each measuring component are measured at fixed locations, compared with the design dimensions, and any non-conforming items are output to evaluate whether the box girder is qualified. This method saves time and effort, greatly improving worker efficiency during construction.

[0031] For the space scanning automatic measurement device designed in this scheme, the cooperation between the UAV 1, the measuring and scanning device 2, and the balancing connection mechanism 3 ensures that the vibration generated by the UAV in the suspended state during aerial scanning has a positive impact on the accuracy of the scanning work. The UAV 1 and the measuring and scanning device 2 have a buffer and stability protection function, and the connection between the two can be guaranteed to be stable during continuous flight; ensuring the corresponding flight stability, its working flexibility, and the quality of scanning work; for the connection between the first docking plate 302 and the second docking plate 311, the screw 316 is inserted into the external threaded fixing ring 401 and threadedly connected to the threaded through groove 315 in the auxiliary support block 313, and at this time the auxiliary support block 31... One end of the screw 316 is inserted into the connecting slot 308 on the connecting movable block 305. Then, the positioning threaded post 319 is threadedly connected to the positioning threaded groove 309. Finally, the internal threaded drive ring 404 is rotated by the handle 405, so that the arc-shaped extrusion groove 403 in the internal threaded drive ring 404 extrudes the insertion post 402. The insertion post 402 pushes the movable pressure block 406 to press and lock the screw 316. Through the cooperation of the first auxiliary spring 307 connected to the connecting movable block 305 and the second auxiliary spring 314 connected to the auxiliary bearing block 313, the vibration generated during the measurement process can be balanced and stabilized. The auxiliary component 4 can also perform the corresponding locking work to ensure the stability of the operation.

[0032] Example 2: Based on Example 1, please refer to... Figures 1-7

[0033] The upper connecting plate 301 and the lower connecting plate 310 are fixedly connected by bolts to ensure a stable connection and combination between the measuring and scanning equipment 2, the drone 1, and the track trolley, thereby improving work flexibility.

[0034] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for automatically measuring prefabricated components based on spatial scanning technology, characterized in that: It includes a drone (1), a measuring and scanning device (2), a balancing connection mechanism (3), and an auxiliary component (4). The drone (1) and the measuring and scanning device (2) are fixedly connected by the balancing connection mechanism (3), and the balancing connection mechanism (3) is fastened and stabilized by the auxiliary component (4). The balancing connection mechanism (3) includes an upper connecting plate (301), a first docking plate (302), a placement groove (303), a limiting groove (304), a connecting movable block (305), a limiting slider (306), a first auxiliary spring (307), a connecting slot (308), a positioning threaded groove (309), a lower connecting plate (310), a second docking plate (311), a square through slot (312), an auxiliary bearing block (313), a second auxiliary spring (314), a threaded through slot (315), a screw (316), a knob (317), a cylindrical groove (318), a positioning threaded post (319), a connecting spring (320), a sliding groove (321), and a transmission protrusion (322). The component (301) is fixed to the bottom side of the UAV (1) by bolts, and a first docking plate (302) is fixedly provided on the bottom side of the upper connecting plate (301). A placement groove (303) is provided equidistantly on one side of the first docking plate (302). Limiting grooves (304) are symmetrically provided on both sides of the interior of the placement groove (303). A limiting slider (306) is movably provided in the limiting groove (304). The limiting slider (306) is symmetrically fixed on both sides of the connecting movable block (305). A first auxiliary spring (307) is symmetrically fixed at both ends of the connecting movable block (305). One end of the first auxiliary spring (307) is fixedly provided on one side of the placement groove (303). A slot (308) is provided on the connecting movable block (305), and a positioning threaded groove (309) is provided in the connecting slot (308). The lower connecting plate (310) is fixed to the top side of the measuring and scanning device (2) by bolts, and a second docking plate (311) is fixedly provided on the lower connecting plate (310). The square through slot (312) is equidistantly provided on the second docking plate (311). The auxiliary bearing block (313) is provided in the square through slot (312), and a second auxiliary spring (314) is fixedly provided on the four side walls of the auxiliary bearing block (313). One end of the second auxiliary spring (314) is fixedly provided on the inner side wall of the square through slot (312). A through-hole is provided in the auxiliary bearing block (313). The screw (316) is threaded through groove (315) and threadedly connected to the threaded through groove (315). A knob (317) is fixedly provided at one end of the screw (316). A cylindrical groove (318) is provided in the screw (316), and a sliding groove (321) is symmetrically provided on the side of the cylindrical groove (318). A transmission protrusion (322) is slidably provided in the sliding groove (321). The transmission protrusion (322) is symmetrically fixed on both sides of one end of the positioning threaded post (319). The positioning threaded post (319) is movably inserted into the cylindrical groove (318), and one end of the positioning threaded post (319) extends to the outside of the cylindrical groove (318). A connecting spring (320) is fixedly provided on the end face of the other end.One end of the connecting spring (320) is fixedly disposed in the cylindrical groove (318).

2. The equipment for automatically measuring prefabricated components based on spatial scanning technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second docking plate (311) is positioned in a corresponding manner to the first docking plate (302) and has the same number of sets.

3. The equipment for automatically measuring prefabricated components based on spatial scanning technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary support block (313) and the connecting movable block (305) are positioned in the same way and have the same number of sets. The auxiliary support block (313) and the connecting slot (308) on the connecting movable block (305) are adapted to be inserted into each other.

4. The equipment for automatically measuring prefabricated components based on spatial scanning technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning threaded post (319) and the positioning threaded groove (309) on the connecting movable block (305) are positioned in the same position and have the same number of sets, and the two are matched and connected by threads.

5. The equipment for automatically measuring prefabricated components based on spatial scanning technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary component (4) includes an external threaded retaining ring (401), a post (402), an arc-shaped extrusion groove (403), an internal threaded driving ring (404), a handle (405), a movable pressure block (406), a third auxiliary spring (407), a protrusion (408), and a return spring (409). The external threaded retaining ring (401) is symmetrically fixed on the second mating plate (311) and is located on the side of the square through groove (312). The external threaded retaining ring (401) is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the external threaded retaining ring (401) with an internal threaded driving ring (404). A handle (405) is fixedly installed on the internal threaded driving ring (404). Posts (402) are movably installed at equal intervals on the external threaded retaining ring (401). One end of the insert (402) extends into the arc-shaped extrusion groove (403), the arc-shaped extrusion groove (403) is equidistantly arranged in the external threaded fixing ring (401), one end of the insert (402) is provided with a movable slot, a movable pressure block (406) is movably arranged in the movable slot, one end of the movable pressure block (406) is fixedly provided with a third auxiliary spring (407), one end of the third auxiliary spring (407) is fixedly arranged in the movable slot, protrusions (408) are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the insert (402), a return spring (409) is fixedly provided on one side of the protrusion (408), one end of the return spring (409) is fixedly arranged in the external threaded fixing ring (401).

6. The equipment for automatically measuring prefabricated components based on spatial scanning technology according to claim 5, characterized in that: The arc-shaped extrusion groove (403), the insert (402), and the movable pressure block (406) are positioned in the same way and have the same number of sets, for a total of four sets.

7. The equipment for automatically measuring prefabricated components based on spatial scanning technology according to claim 5, characterized in that: The groove thickness of the arc-shaped extrusion groove (403) is greater than the diameter of the insert (402), and the end of the insert (402) extending into the arc-shaped extrusion groove (403) is set as a spherical surface.

8. A measurement method used in a device for automatically measuring prefabricated components based on spatial scanning technology as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The measurement method is as follows: By using the drone (1), the measuring and scanning equipment (2) and the balancing connection mechanism (3) together, a large-size product is scanned. A total of fourteen stations are set up, with four stations on each side of the web, four stations on the bottom plate, three stations inside the box, and three stations on the top plate. Each station scans one surface and the common part of that surface with other surfaces. Through the common part of the data, the box girder model after construction is built in reverse. Through the computer system, each measuring part selects a fixed position to measure its size, compares it with the design size, outputs the unqualified items, and evaluates whether the box girder is qualified.

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