A multi-probe planar near-field measurement method, system, device, and medium

Abstract

A kind of multi-probe plane near-field measurement method, system, equipment and medium, method includes: the antenna AUT to be measured and probe are placed respectively, so that the center of probe is at the center of antenna AUT to be measured scanning surface;Real measurement data is obtained by using probe to antenna AUT to be measured scanning, calibration is carried out to real measurement data, and plane near-field data is obtained;Plane near-field data is compensated by plane multi-probe compensation algorithm, and the plane wave spectrum of antenna AUT to be measured is obtained;The plane wave spectrum of antenna AUT to be measured is brought into the relationship between plane wave spectrum and far field, and the far field data of antenna AUT to be measured is obtained;The coordinate of antenna AUT to be measured in the spherical coordinate system in the relationship between plane wave spectrum and far field θ and is output under the uniform grid of, and multi-probe plane near-field measurement result is obtained;System, equipment and medium are used to realize multi-probe plane near-field measurement method;The present application has the characteristics of short measurement time and accurate measurement result.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wireless communication technology, specifically to a multi-probe planar near-field measurement method, system, device, and medium. Background Technology

[0002] In planar near-field measurements of antennas, a single-probe scanning system, such as an open waveguide probe, is typically used to scan the near-field distribution of the antenna under test (AUT). The scanning plane is planar, and the probe samples at uniformly distributed grid points on the plane. To obtain sufficient near-field information and reduce truncation error, the scanning plane is usually required to be large enough and the interval between sampling points to be small enough, i.e., less than half a wavelength, which makes each measurement take a long time.

[0003] To improve scanning efficiency, the single-probe scanning system was upgraded to a multi-probe scanning system. However, there are fundamental differences between multi-probe and single-probe scanning systems. Single-probe sampling causes less interference with the measurement data, and this interference can be largely eliminated using a single-probe compensation algorithm. However, the complex coupling between multiple probes leads to significant interference with the measurement data. If the measurement data is processed using existing single-probe compensation algorithms, the resulting radiation pattern of the antenna under test (AUT) will have a large error, rendering it unusable in practical engineering.

[0004] The literature *Analysis of Probe Compensation Techniques for Fast Multi-Probe Planar Near Field Measurements* (F. Saccardi et al., "Analysis of Probe Compensation Techniques for Fast Multi-Probe Planar Near Field Measurements", 2021 Antenna Measurement Techniques Association Symposium (AMTA), Daytona Beach, FL, USA, 2021, pp. 1-6, do: 10.23919 / AMTA52830.2021.9620698.) provides two measurement methods. The first method calculates the average probe pattern (APP) based on the pattern characterization of an adequate number of different probes. The second method uses the on-site calibration of the multi-probe array to retrieve an EMPP (Equivalent Multi-Probe Planar Near Field Measurement) that represents the behavior of the probes. (of the entire probe array.) The core idea of ​​both methods is to ignore the differences in the plane spectrum among multiple probes, treating the plane spectrum of multiple probes as equivalent to the plane spectrum of a single probe. This simplifies the multi-probe problem to a traditional single-probe compensation problem. However, because both methods make approximate equivalences, they cannot accurately calculate the far-field data of the antenna under test. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a multi-probe planar near-field measurement method, system, device, and medium. It employs a planar multi-probe compensation algorithm, starting from the coupling equation between the antenna under test (AUT) and the probe. The coupling equation is simplified and rearranged to obtain an integral equation with mutually separated polarization components. This integral equation is then discretized into a matrix equation form. The planar spectrum of the AUT can be obtained through matrix inversion, ultimately yielding the multi-probe planar near-field measurement results. Therefore, it features short measurement time and accurate measurement results.

[0006] A multi-probe planar near-field measurement method includes the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Position the antenna under test (AUT) and the probe separately, so that the center of the probe is at the center of the scanning surface of the antenna under test (AUT);

[0008] Step 2: Use a probe to scan the antenna under test (AUT) to obtain measured data, calibrate the measured data, and obtain planar near-field data;

[0009] Step 3: The planar near-field data obtained in Step 2 is processed through a planar multi-probe compensation algorithm to obtain the planar spectrum of the antenna under test (AUT). The planar spectrum of the AUT is then substituted into the relationship between the planar spectrum and the far field to obtain the far-field data of the AUT.

[0010] Step 4: Using the far-field data of the antenna under test (AUT) obtained in Step 3, convert the coordinates θ and φ in the spherical coordinate system of the relationship between the plane wave spectrum and the far field described in Step 3. The output is performed under a uniform grid to obtain the multi-probe planar near-field measurement results.

[0011] The specific process of step 1 is as follows:

[0012] Adjust the placement of the antenna under test (AUT) and the probe to ensure that the aperture of the AUT is parallel to the aperture of the probe, and that the geometric center of the AUT and the probe are on the same horizontal line, with the probe located in the near field region of the AUT. At this time, the probe is at the center of the scanning surface of the AUT.

[0013] The specific process of step 2 is as follows:

[0014] Using the probe located at the center of the scanning surface of the antenna under test (AUT) in step 1, the AUT is scanned to obtain the measured data of the AUT. The probe is then used to scan the standard antenna to obtain the calibration data. The measured data is subtracted from the calibration data to obtain the planar near-field data.

[0015] The specific process of step 3 is as follows:

[0016] Step 3.1: Using the planar near-field data obtained in Step 2, calculate the planar spectrum of the antenna under test (AUT) using a planar multi-probe compensation algorithm; details are as follows:

[0017] The coupling equation between the antenna under test (AUT) and the probe is obtained from the reciprocity theorem:

[0018]

[0019] Where ω is the angular frequency, μ is the permeability, P(r) is the received signal of the probe, and T(k x ,k y ) and G(k' x ,k' y ( ) represents the plane wave spectrum of the antenna under test (AUT) and the probe. Let d be a point on the scanning surface of the antenna under test (AUT), d be the distance between the scanning plane and the aperture of the AUT, and k' = -k. Let k be the vector wave number. x k y As independent variables,

[0020] Expand and simplify the vector dot product of the plane spectrum of the antenna under test (AUT) and the plane spectrum of the probe in the rectangular coordinate system in equation (1):

[0021]

[0022] Among them, T x (k) and T y (k) represent the x- and y-direction components of the plane spectrum T(k) of the antenna under test (AUT), respectively; g x (k,r) and g y (k,r) are two functions with k and r as independent variables;

[0023]

[0024]

[0025] Among them, G x (k',r) and G y (k',r) represent the x-direction and y-direction components of the probe's plane spectrum G(k',r), respectively;

[0026] Discretizing equation (3) directly yields:

[0027]

[0028] Among them, P 1 ,P 2 ,P 3 ,……,Pm Let k1, k2, k3, ..., k represent different values ​​of P(r). n Representing different values ​​of k, r1, r2, r3, ..., r m Represents different values ​​of r;

[0029] Equation (6) can be written in matrix form:

[0030] P m×1 =g m×n T n×1 (7)

[0031] Among them, g m×n Let r be a matrix, and r be the row vector and k be the column vector. r contains two independent variables x and y, and k contains k... x ,k y Two independent variables;

[0032] The plane wave spectrum of the antenna under test (AUT) is represented as follows:

[0033] T = g + P (8)

[0034] Among them, g + Represents matrix g m×n The generalized inverse matrix, matrix T contains T x and T y Two components, according to g m×n The matrix gives the first n / 2 points of T as T x The last n / 2 points are T y ;

[0035] Step 3.2: Substitute the plane wave spectrum of the antenna under test (AUT) obtained in Step 3.1 into Equation (2) to obtain the far-field data of the antenna under test (AUT). Equation (2) is:

[0036] The relationship between the plane spectrum and the far field is expressed as:

[0037]

[0038] Where r,θ, The coordinates are in spherical coordinates. k z = kcosθ, where k is the wave number.

[0039] A multi-probe planar near-field measurement system, comprising:

[0040] Measurement module: includes a probe located at the center of the scanning surface of the antenna under test (AUT). The probe scans and calibrates the antenna under test (AUT) to obtain planar near-field data.

[0041] Near-field and far-field variation module: The obtained planar near-field data is processed through a planar multi-probe compensation algorithm to obtain the planar spectrum of the antenna under test (AUT). The planar spectrum of the AUT is then substituted into the relationship between the planar spectrum and the far field to obtain the far-field data of the AUT.

[0042] Output module: This module takes the obtained far-field data of the antenna under test (AUT) and the coordinates θ in the spherical coordinate system from the relationship between the plane spectrum and the far field described in step 3. The output is performed under a uniform grid to obtain the multi-probe planar near-field measurement results.

[0043] A multi-probe planar near-field measurement device, comprising:

[0044] Memory: Used to store the computer program that implements the multi-probe planar near-field measurement method described above;

[0045] A processor is used to implement the multi-probe planar near-field measurement method when executing the computer program.

[0046] A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, enables a multi-probe planar near-field measurement method.

[0047] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0048] The planar multi-probe compensation algorithm proposed in this invention, compared with existing algorithms, starts from the coupling equation between the antenna under test (AUT) and the probes. It simplifies and rearranges the coupling equation to obtain an integral equation in which the polarization components are separated. Then, the integral equation is discretized and written as a matrix equation. The planar spectrum of the AUT can be obtained by matrix inversion, and finally the planar near-field measurement results of the multi-probes are obtained. It does not ignore the differences in the planar spectrum between multiple probes, and overcomes the disadvantage of long measurement time of single probe. Therefore, it has the characteristics of short measurement time and high measurement accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0049] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-probe measurement system in this invention.

[0051] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of mechanical scanning in this invention, wherein, Figure 3 (a) is a comparison chart showing the distances covered by moving the entire probe system. Figure 3 (b) is a distance comparison chart of the moving scan interval.

[0052] Figure 4 g in this invention m×m Matrix diagram.

[0053] Figure 5 This is the simulation test geometric model in this invention, wherein, Figure 5 (a) is a diagram of the measurement model for the y-polarization direction. Figure 5 (b) is a diagram of the measurement model for the x-polarization direction.

[0054] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the amplitude of the principal polarization component in the near field during scanning with a single probe and with 10 probes. Figure 6 (a) is a schematic diagram of the amplitude of the main polarization component in the near field during a single probe scan. Figure 6 (b) is a schematic diagram of the amplitude of the main polarization component in the near field when 10 probes are scanning.

[0055] Figure 7 This is a graph showing the magnitudes of the principal polarization components in the near field when x=0 and y=0 in this invention. Figure 7 (a) is a graph showing the magnitudes of the principal polarization components in the near field when x = 0. Figure 7 (b) is a graph showing the magnitude of the principal polarization component in the near field when y = 0.

[0056] Figure 8 This is the far-field pattern of the YOZ plane in this invention.

[0057] Figure 9 This is the far-field radiation pattern of the XOZ surface in this invention.

[0058] Figure 10 This is the far-field phase diagram in this invention, wherein, Figure 10 (a) is a schematic diagram of the reference results. Figure 10 (b) is a schematic diagram of the output results of the method of the present invention. Figure 10 (c) is a schematic diagram of the center probe compensation. Detailed Implementation

[0059] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0060] See Figure 1 A multi-probe planar near-field measurement method includes the following steps:

[0061] Step 1: Position the antenna under test (AUT) and the probe so that the center of the probe is at the center of the scanning surface of the antenna under test (AUT). The specific process of Step 1 is as follows: Adjust the position of the antenna under test (AUT) and the probe to ensure that the aperture of the antenna under test (AUT) is parallel to the aperture of the probe, and at the same time ensure that the geometric center of the aperture of the antenna under test (AUT) and the probe are on the same horizontal line, and the probe is located in the near field region of the antenna under test (AUT). At this time, the probe is at the center of the scanning surface of the antenna under test (AUT).

[0062] See Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of multi-probe measurement. Before measurement, the placement of the antenna under test (AUT) and the probe must be adjusted to ensure that the geometric centers of the AUT and the probe are on the same horizontal line. At the same time, the probe aperture must be perpendicular to the z-axis and the distance from the AUT aperture is d. Since the path lengths from each probe to the signal source are different, the attenuation and phase shift will also differ. This difference must be measured through the calibration process before use and saved as a file. During subsequent scanning, the data measured by each probe must be subtracted from this value to ensure the consistency of the measurement data from all probes.

[0063] Step 2: Use the probe to scan the antenna under test (AUT) to obtain measured data, calibrate the measured data, and obtain planar near-field data; The specific process of Step 2 is as follows: Use the probe located at the center of the scanning plane of the antenna under test (AUT) in Step 1 to scan the antenna under test (AUT) to obtain measured data, use the probe to scan the standard antenna to obtain calibration data, and subtract the calibration data from the measured data to obtain planar near-field data.

[0064] In a multi-probe measurement system, the probe scanning process is replaced by electronic scanning instead of traditional mechanical scanning. At this time, the scanning surface size is still required to be larger than the aperture size of the antenna under test (AUT), and the interval between sampling points must satisfy the sampling theorem. The present invention uses a multi-probe system with fewer scanning times than a single-probe system, thus having the characteristics of short measurement time and accurate measurement results.

[0065] See Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a multi-probe system performing mechanical scanning in the horizontal direction. It can be seen that the probe system not only needs to move... Figure 3 (a) represents the entire horizontal distance, and it also needs to be moved a specific distance each time, such as... Figure 3 As shown in (b), this ensures a complete scan of the entire measurement plane.

[0066] Step 3: Using the planar near-field data obtained in Step 2, the planar spectrum of the antenna under test (AUT) is obtained through a planar multi-probe compensation algorithm. The planar spectrum of the AUT is then substituted into the relationship between the planar spectrum and the far-field spectrum to obtain the far-field data of the AUT. Specifically:

[0067] Step 3.1: Use the planar near-field data obtained in Step 2 to calculate the planar spectrum of the antenna under test (AUT) using a planar multi-probe compensation algorithm;

[0068] Step 3.1: Use the planar near-field data obtained in Step 2 to calculate the planar spectrum of the antenna under test (AUT) using a planar multi-probe compensation algorithm;

[0069] The aforementioned planar multi-probe compensation algorithm starts from the coupling equation between the antenna under test (AUT) and the probe. The coupling equation is simplified and rearranged to obtain an integral equation with mutually separated polarization components. This integral equation is then discretized and written in matrix form. The planar spectrum of the AUT is then obtained through matrix inversion, as detailed below:

[0070] The coupling equation between the antenna under test (AUT) and the probe is obtained from the reciprocity theorem:

[0071]

[0072] Where ω is the angular frequency, μ is the permeability, P(r) is the received signal of the probe, and T(k x ,k y ) and G(k' x ,k' y ( ) represents the plane wave spectrum of the antenna under test (AUT) and the probe. Let d be a point on the scanning surface of the antenna under test (AUT), d be the distance between the scanning plane and the aperture of the AUT, and k' = -k. Let k be the vector wave number. x k y As independent variables,

[0073] Expand and simplify the vector dot product of the plane wave spectrum of the antenna under test (AUT) and the plane wave spectrum of the probe in the rectangular coordinate system in equation (1):

[0074]

[0075] Among them, T x (k) and T y (k) represent the x- and y-direction components of the plane spectrum T(k) of the antenna under test (AUT), respectively; g x (k,r) and g y (k,r) are two functions with k and r as independent variables;

[0076]

[0077]

[0078] Among them, G x (k',r) and G y (k',r) represent the x-direction and y-direction components of the probe's plane spectrum G(k',r), respectively;

[0079] Discretizing equation (3) directly yields:

[0080]

[0081] Among them, P 1 ,P 2 ,P 3 ,……,P m Let k1, k2, k3, ..., k represent different values ​​of P(r). n Representing different values ​​of k, r1, r2, r3, ..., r m Represents different values ​​of r;

[0082] Equation (6) can be written in matrix form:

[0083] P m×1 =g m×n T n×1 (7)

[0084] Among them, g m×n Let r be a matrix, and r be the row vector and k be the column vector. r contains two independent variables x and y, and k contains k... x ,k y Two independent variables;

[0085] See Figure 4 , for g m×n The matrix diagram shows row vector r and column vector k as independent variables. r contains two independent variables x and y, and k contains k... x ,k y Two independent variables; for computational convenience, the left side of the matrix is ​​g. x The right side is g y ;

[0086] The plane wave spectrum of the antenna under test (AUT) is represented as follows:

[0087] T = g + P (8)

[0088] Among them, g + Represents matrix g m×n The generalized inverse matrix, matrix T contains T x and T y Two components, according to g m×n The matrix gives the first n / 2 points of T as T x The last n / 2 points are T y ;

[0089] Step 3.2: Substitute the plane wave spectrum of the antenna under test (AUT) obtained in Step 3.1 into Equation (2) to obtain the far-field data of the antenna under test (AUT). Equation (2) is:

[0090] The relationship between the plane spectrum and the far field is expressed as:

[0091]

[0092] Where r,θ, The coordinates are in spherical coordinates. k z = kcosθ, where k is the wave number.

[0093] Step 4: Using the far-field data of the antenna under test (AUT) obtained in Step 3, convert the coordinates θ and φ in the spherical coordinate system of the relationship between the plane wave spectrum and the far field described in Step 3. The output is performed under a uniform grid to obtain the multi-probe planar near-field measurement results.

[0094] See Figure 5 The geometric model diagram for simulating the multi-probe compensation algorithm described in step 3 using electromagnetic simulation software is shown. The multi-probe structure consists of 10 Yagi antennas, and the antenna under test (AUT) is a 10×10 planar Taylor array. Figure 5 (a) shows the geometric model of the multi-probe planar near-field measurement system, corresponding to the measurement situation of the probe in the y-polarization direction. Figure 5 (b) Geometric model of multi-probe planar near-field measurement system, corresponding to the measurement situation of the probe in the x-polarization direction, the working frequency is 3GHz, the antenna array under test (AUT) is located in the XOY plane, the maximum radiation direction is the positive direction of the Z axis, the probe performs uniform scanning on the plane 4λ away from the antenna under test (AUT), the scanning area size is 40λ×50λ, and the scanning interval is λ / 2.

[0095] See Figure 6 , Figure 6 (a) and Figure 6 (b) The amplitudes of the main polarization components of the near field obtained by scanning the near field plane with a single probe and 10 probes are respectively. It can be seen that there is a certain difference between the amplitudes of the main polarization components of the near field obtained by scanning the near field plane with a single probe and 10 probes. This further illustrates that the difference in the probe spectrum at different scanning positions directly affects the near field measurement data.

[0096] See Figure 7 , Figure 7 (a) shows the amplitude of the near field at the principal polarization component at x=0 during scanning with a single probe and with 10 probes. Figure 7 (b) shows the amplitude of the main polarization component in the near field at y=0 when scanning with a single probe and with 10 probes. There is a significant difference between the amplitude of the main polarization component in the near field when scanning with a single probe and with 10 probes. Therefore, there is an essential difference between the single-probe structure and the multi-probe structure. Therefore, this invention takes into account the above differences and the measurement results are more accurate.

[0097] See Figure 8The figure shows the far-field radiation pattern of the YOZ plane. The horizontal axis represents the pitch angle, and the vertical axis represents the normalized radiation pattern. The three lines represent the reference result, the existing algorithm result, and the algorithm result of this invention, respectively. It can be seen that the algorithm result of this invention and the existing algorithm result are relatively accurate on the main lobe and the first two side lobes. The algorithm result of this invention is more accurate on the third side lobe. On the fourth side lobe, the algorithm result of this invention and the existing algorithm result both show large errors. The main lobe is the strongest radiation region in the figure, and the side lobes are the weaker radiation regions separated from the main lobe. The two side lobes closest to the main lobe and the two side lobes farthest from the main lobe are the first to the fourth side lobes, respectively.

[0098] See Figure 9 The figure shows the far-field radiation pattern of the XOZ plane. The horizontal axis represents the azimuth angle, and the vertical axis represents the normalized radiation pattern. The three lines represent the reference result, the existing algorithm result, and the result of the algorithm of this invention, respectively. It can be seen that the result of the algorithm of this invention is very consistent with the reference result on the main lobe and the first three side lobes, but there is a large error on the fourth side lobe. The existing algorithm result is only relatively accurate on the main lobe, and the error on the other side lobes is relatively large. The main reason for the large error of the fourth side lobe on both sections of the far-field radiation pattern is the truncation error of the near-field scan. The main lobe is the strongest radiation region in the figure, and the side lobes are the weaker radiation regions separated from the main lobe. The two side lobes closest to the main lobe and the two side lobes farthest from the main lobe are the first to the fourth side lobes, respectively.

[0099] See Figure 10 This is the far-field phase diagram. Figure 10 (a) is a diagram showing the far-field phase reference results, with the horizontal axis representing azimuth and the vertical axis representing elevation. Figure 10 (b) is the far-field phase diagram of the algorithm in this invention, with the horizontal axis representing the azimuth angle and the vertical axis representing the elevation angle. Figure 10 (c) is the far-field phase diagram of the center probe compensation algorithm. The horizontal axis represents the azimuth angle, and the vertical axis represents the elevation angle. It can be seen from the diagram that compared to... Figure 10 (c) Far-field phase diagram of the center probe compensation algorithm Figure 10 (b) The far-field phase map of the algorithm in this invention and Figure 10 (a) The far-field phase reference result is more consistent, which indicates that the far-field phase distribution of the algorithm of the present invention is basically consistent with the reference result and is better than the far-field phase distribution of the existing algorithm, indicating that the measurement result of the present invention is accurate.

[0100] A multi-probe planar near-field measurement system, comprising:

[0101] Measurement module: includes a probe located at the center of the scanning surface of the antenna under test (AUT). The probe scans and calibrates the antenna under test (AUT) to obtain planar near-field data.

[0102] Near-field and far-field variation module: The obtained planar near-field data is processed through a planar multi-probe compensation algorithm to obtain the planar spectrum of the antenna under test (AUT). The planar spectrum of the AUT is then substituted into the relationship between the planar spectrum and the far field to obtain the far-field data of the AUT.

[0103] Output module: This module takes the obtained far-field data of the antenna under test (AUT) and the coordinates θ in the spherical coordinate system from the relationship between the plane spectrum and the far field described in step 3. The output is performed under a uniform grid to obtain the multi-probe planar near-field measurement results.

[0104] A multi-probe planar near-field measurement device, comprising:

[0105] Memory: Used to store the computer program that implements the multi-probe planar near-field measurement method described above;

[0106] A processor is used to implement the multi-probe planar near-field measurement method when executing the computer program.

[0107] A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, enables a multi-probe planar near-field measurement method.

Claims

1. A multi-probe planar near-field measurement method, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Position the antenna under test (AUT) and the probe separately, so that the center of the probe is at the center of the scanning surface of the antenna under test (AUT); Step 2: Use a probe to scan the antenna under test (AUT) to obtain measured data, calibrate the measured data, and obtain planar near-field data; Step 3: The planar near-field data obtained in Step 2 is processed through a planar multi-probe compensation algorithm to obtain the planar spectrum of the antenna under test (AUT). The planar spectrum of the AUT is then substituted into the relationship between the planar spectrum and the far field to obtain the far-field data of the AUT. The specific process of step 3 is as follows: Step 3.1: Using the planar near-field data obtained in Step 2, calculate the planar spectrum of the antenna under test (AUT) using a planar multi-probe compensation algorithm; details are as follows: The coupling equation between the antenna under test (AUT) and the probe is obtained from the reciprocity theorem: （1） in, Angular frequency, Permeability, This is the signal received by the probe. and The plane wave spectrum of the antenna under test (AUT) and the probe. Points on the scanning surface of the antenna under test (AUT). The distance between the scanning plane and the aperture of the antenna under test (AUT) , For vector wavenumber, , As independent variables, ; Expand and simplify the vector dot product of the plane spectrum of the antenna under test (AUT) and the plane spectrum of the probe in the rectangular coordinate system in equation (1): （3） in, and The plane wave spectrum of the antenna under test (AUT) is shown below. of x direction and y Directional components; and Therefore and Two functions with independent variables; （4） （5） in, and The probe's plane spectrum of x direction and y Directional components; Discretizing equation (3) directly yields: （6） in, express Different values, Representing different values ​​of k, Represents different values ​​of r; Equation (6) can be written in matrix form: （7） in, For a matrix, row vectors As the independent variable, a column vector Let be the independent variable, where Include Two independent variables, Include Two independent variables; The plane wave spectrum of the antenna under test (AUT) is represented as follows: （8） in, Representation matrix The generalized inverse matrix, matrix Include and Two components, according to The matrix can be obtained The former The points are ,back The points are ; Step 3.2: Substitute the plane wave spectrum of the antenna under test (AUT) obtained in Step 3.1 into Equation (2) to obtain the far-field data of the antenna under test (AUT). Equation (2) is: The relationship between the plane spectrum and the far field is expressed as: （2） in, The coordinates are in spherical coordinates. , Wave number; Step 4: Calculate the far-field data of the antenna under test (AUT) obtained in Step 3 using the spherical coordinates in the relationship between the plane wave spectrum and the far field described in Step 3. and The output is performed under a uniform grid to obtain the multi-probe planar near-field measurement results.

2. The multi-probe planar near-field measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific process of step 1 is as follows: Adjust the placement of the antenna under test (AUT) and the probe to ensure that the aperture of the AUT is parallel to the aperture of the probe, and that the geometric center of the AUT and the probe are on the same horizontal line, with the probe located in the near field region of the AUT. At this time, the probe is at the center of the scanning surface of the AUT.

3. The multi-probe planar near-field measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific process of step 2 is as follows: Using the probe located at the center of the scanning surface of the antenna under test (AUT) in step 1, the AUT is scanned to obtain the measured data of the AUT. The probe is then used to scan the standard antenna to obtain the calibration data. The measured data is subtracted from the calibration data to obtain the planar near-field data.

4. A multi-probe planar near-field measurement system for implementing the method of claim 1, characterized in that, include: Measurement module: includes a probe located at the center of the scanning surface of the antenna under test (AUT). The probe scans and calibrates the antenna under test (AUT) to obtain planar near-field data. Near-field and far-field variation module: The obtained planar near-field data is processed through a planar multi-probe compensation algorithm to obtain the planar spectrum of the antenna under test (AUT). The planar spectrum of the AUT is then substituted into the relationship between the planar spectrum and the far field to obtain the far-field data of the AUT. Output module: This module converts the obtained far-field data of the antenna under test (AUT) into spherical coordinates as described in step 3, representing the relationship between the plane spectrum and the far field. and The output is performed under a uniform grid to obtain the multi-probe planar near-field measurement results.

5. A multi-probe planar near-field measurement device, characterized in that, include: Memory: for storing a computer program that implements the multi-probe planar near-field measurement method according to any one of claims 1-3; Processor: Used to implement the multi-probe planar near-field measurement method according to any one of claims 1-3 when executing the computer program.

6. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, enables the implementation of a multi-probe planar near-field measurement method as described in any one of claims 1-3.

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