Crankshaft top holding drive and method of using same

Abstract

The application relates to a crankshaft top holding driving device and a use method thereof, and relates to the technical field of mechanical manufacturing. The device comprises a head frame, a four-jaw hydraulic chuck, a self-centering servo tracking center frame and a tail frame. A front center is arranged in the head frame, the four-jaw hydraulic chuck is connected to the outside of the front center in a concentric mode, and is used for embedding and tightly fixing a crankshaft workpiece in a radial direction. A rear center is arranged in the tail frame. The front center in the head frame and the rear center in the tail frame are in contact with center holes at two ends of the crankshaft workpiece, so that top holding is realized. The self-centering servo tracking center frame is arranged between the head frame and the tail frame, and is used for supporting and positioning the crankshaft workpiece. The application provides the crankshaft top holding driving device and the use method thereof, which are suitable for crankshaft workpiece grinding processing, and are convenient for adjusting the top holding and supporting of the crankshaft, so that the machining efficiency and machining quality of the crankshaft workpiece are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of mechanical manufacturing, in particular to a crankshaft top holding driving device and a using method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The crankshaft is one of the important components of the internal combustion engine, and the coaxiality of each journal of the crankshaft determines the stability and stability of the internal combustion engine during operation. When the crankshaft connecting rod journal is followed by grinding, the crankshaft center hole at both ends is positioned and held on the grinding machine workbench by using the two centers of the grinding machine headstock and tailstock, and then grinding is carried out using a grinding wheel. Generally, a center support needs to be added. Due to the different rigidities of the crankshaft in each direction, under the action of the headstock and tailstock holding force, combined with the centrifugal force generated by the weight and rotation of the crankshaft workpiece, the center support is difficult to effectively increase the rigidity of the workpiece by adapting to the deformation of the crankshaft workpiece, and the machining quality of the part is difficult to control.

[0003] In order to adapt to the development of current automation technology, it is necessary to develop a top holding driving device suitable for grinding machining of crankshaft workpieces, which is convenient for adjusting the top holding and supporting of the crankshaft, so as to improve the machining efficiency and machining quality of the crankshaft workpiece. SUMMARY

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, provide a crankshaft top holding driving device suitable for grinding machining of crankshaft workpieces, and a using method thereof, which is convenient for adjusting the top holding and supporting of the crankshaft, so as to improve the machining efficiency and machining quality of the crankshaft workpiece.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application provides a crankshaft top holding driving device, comprising a headstock, a four-jaw hydraulic chuck, a self-centering servo tracking center support and a tailstock. The headstock is provided with a front center inside, and the front center is connected with the four-jaw hydraulic chuck outside in a concentric manner, which is used for radially clamping the crankshaft workpiece. The tailstock is provided with a rear center inside. The front center in the headstock and the rear center in the tailstock are in contact with the center holes at both ends of the crankshaft workpiece to realize top holding. The self-centering servo tracking center support is arranged between the headstock and the tailstock, and is used for supporting and positioning the crankshaft workpiece.

[0006] Further, the bed body is provided with linear guide rails A, linear guide rails B and linear guide rails C. The headstock is slidably arranged on the linear guide rails A, the tailstock is slidably arranged on the linear guide rails B, and the self-centering servo tracking center support is slidably arranged on the linear guide rails C through a mounting bracket.

[0007] Further, the four-jaw hydraulic chuck is provided with four clamping jaws in the circumferential direction. The four clamping jaws are divided into clamping jaw group A and clamping jaw group B in an opposite relationship. The spatial relationship between the clamping jaw group A and the clamping jaw group B is perpendicular to each other.

[0008] Further, the crankshaft workpiece comprises a front end shaft section, a front main shaft neck, a connecting rod shaft neck, a fan block A, an intermediate main shaft neck, a fan block B, a rear main shaft neck and a rear end flange, the fan block A, the intermediate main shaft neck and the fan block B are sequentially connected, the front end is sequentially connected with the connecting rod shaft neck, the front main shaft neck and the front end shaft section, and the rear end is sequentially connected with the rear main shaft neck and the rear end flange; the front end shaft section and the rear end flange are both provided with a center hole.

[0009] Further, the device further comprises a bracket A and a bracket B, the bracket A and the bracket B are installed on the bed body and used for supporting the rear main shaft neck and the front main shaft neck on both sides of the crankshaft workpiece.

[0010] Further, the self-centering servo tracking center frame is provided with an upper jaw, a middle jaw and a lower jaw, and the upper jaw, the middle jaw and the lower jaw are simultaneously in contact with the intermediate main shaft neck of the crankshaft workpiece.

[0011] Further, the device further comprises a tooling, the tooling is used for adjusting the position of the self-centering servo tracking center frame, so that the accurate grinding machining of the crankshaft workpiece is realized.

[0012] Further, the tooling comprises a flange, a front shaft section, an intermediate shaft section A, an intermediate shaft section B, an intermediate shaft section C, a small shaft section, a rear end shaft section and a tail end shaft section; the intermediate shaft section A, the intermediate shaft section B and the intermediate shaft section C are sequentially connected, the front end is sequentially connected with the front shaft section and the flange through the small shaft section, and the tail end is sequentially connected with the rear end shaft section and the tail end shaft section; the flange is provided with a front center hole at the center thereof; and the tail end shaft section is provided with a rear center hole at the center thereof.

[0013] A use method of the crankshaft center holding driving device, the tooling is placed in the corresponding position of the center holding driving device through the bracket A and the bracket B, and then the front center of the head frame and the rear center of the tail frame are driven by the motors arranged in the head frame and the tail frame to move towards each other along the linear guide rails A and B, so that the center holding is realized when the centers are in contact with the front center hole and the rear center hole at the two ends of the tooling; under the action of the center holding force, the centers of the intermediate shaft section A, the intermediate shaft section B and the intermediate shaft section C coincide with the line connecting the front center of the head frame and the rear center of the tail frame, at this time, the upper jaw, the middle jaw and the lower jaw of the self-centering servo tracking center frame are simultaneously in contact with a certain one of the intermediate shaft section A, the intermediate shaft section B and the intermediate shaft section C of the tooling to form the supporting; when the intermediate shaft section is subjected to the rotary grinding machining, the upper jaw, the middle jaw and the lower jaw of the self-centering servo tracking center frame can automatically servo track the supporting tooling in the process of reducing the outer diameter of the intermediate shaft section, at this time, the position of the self-centering servo tracking center frame which is adjusted is used to realize the accurate grinding machining of the crankshaft workpiece.

[0014] The device has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] The four-jaw hydraulic chuck is divided into two groups according to the spatial relationship of the four-jaw hydraulic chuck claws, the embedding forces of the two groups of claws on the crankshaft are changed according to the rigidity of the crankshaft workpiece in different directions, the deformation of the crankshaft under the action of the holding force is changed, the rotation center of the crankshaft workpiece main journal and the center frame center are consistent, the effective holding of the self-centering servo tracking center frame is facilitated, the tool for simulating the holding of the crankshaft is designed, the workpiece holding center and the holding force of the upper claw, the middle claw and the lower claw of the self-centering servo tracking center frame are adjusted when the crankshaft holding driving device holds the tool, the adjustment difficulty problem of the fan block A and the fan block B features on both sides of the crankshaft workpiece main journal due to space limitation is avoided. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a crankshaft workpiece structure schematic diagram of the application;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a state diagram of the crankshaft workpiece holding driving device of the application when it is not holding;

[0018] Figure 3 It is a state diagram of the crankshaft holding driving device of the application when the self-centering servo tracking center frame holds the crankshaft workpiece main journal;

[0019] Figure 4 It is a side view of the four-jaw hydraulic chuck in the crankshaft holding driving device of the application;

[0020] Figure 5 It is a structure schematic diagram of the tool for adjusting the center and holding force of the self-centering servo tracking center frame in the crankshaft holding driving device of the application;

[0021] Figure 6 It is a state diagram of the crankshaft holding driving device of the application when the tool is used to adjust the holding center of the self-centering servo tracking center frame and the center line of the head frame and the tail frame center.

[0022] In the figure:

[0023] 1-Front end shaft section; 2-Front main journal; 3-Connecting rod journal; 4-Sector A; 5-Intermediate main journal; 6-Sector B; 7-Rear main journal; 8-Rear end flange; 9-Center hole; 10-Rear end center hole; 11-Tail end shaft section; 12-Rear end shaft section; 13-Small shaft section; 14-Intermediate shaft section C; 15-Flange; 16-Front end center hole; 17-Front shaft section; 18-Intermediate shaft section A; 19-Middle end shaft section C; 20-Bed; 21-Linear guide rail A; 22-Headstock; 23-Four-jaw hydraulic chuck; 24-Bracket A; 29-Bracket B; 30-Rear center; 31-Tailstock; 32-Linear guide rail B; 33-Linear guide rail C; 34-Mounting bracket; 35-Self-centering servo tracking center frame; 351-Upper jaw; 352-Middle jaw; 353-Lower jaw; 36-Chuck assembly A; 37-Chuck assembly B. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To achieve the above objectives and effects, the technical means and structure adopted by the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, focusing on the features and functions of the preferred embodiments of the present invention.

[0025] like Figures 1-6 As shown, this invention provides a crankshaft holding drive device, including a headstock 22, a four-jaw hydraulic chuck 23, a self-centering servo tracking center frame 35, and a tailstock 31. The headstock 22 has a front center, concentrically connected to the four-jaw hydraulic chuck 23 for radially clamping the crankshaft workpiece. The tailstock 31 has a rear center 30. The front center in the headstock 22 and the rear center 30 in the tailstock 31 contact the center holes 9 at both ends of the crankshaft workpiece to achieve holding. The self-centering servo tracking center frame is disposed between the headstock 22 and the tailstock 31 for supporting and positioning the crankshaft workpiece. The crankshaft workpiece is held by the headstock 22 and tailstock 31, supported by the self-centering servo tracking center frame 35, and driven by the force applied by the four-jaw hydraulic chuck 23.

[0026] The present invention also includes a bed 20, on which linear guide rails A21, B32 and C33 are mounted. The headstock 22 is slidably mounted on the linear guide rail A21, the tailstock 31 is slidably mounted on the linear guide rail B32, and the self-centering servo tracking center frame 35 is slidably mounted on the linear guide rail C33 via a mounting bracket 34.

[0027] In this embodiment, the four-jaw hydraulic chuck 23 is provided with four jaws along the circumference. The four jaws are divided into jaw group A36 and jaw group B37 according to their opposing relationship. The spatial relationship between jaw group A36 and jaw group B37 is perpendicular to each other. The clamping force of jaw group A36 and jaw group B37 on the rear flange 8 may be different.

[0028] In the embodiment, the crankshaft workpiece comprises a front end shaft section 1, a front main journal 2, a connecting rod journal 3, a fan block A 4, an intermediate main journal 5, a fan block B 6, a rear main journal 7 and a rear end flange 8, the fan block A 4, the intermediate main journal 5 and the fan block B 6 are sequentially connected, the front end is sequentially connected with the connecting rod journal 3, the front main journal 2 and the front end shaft section 1, and the rear end is sequentially connected with the rear main journal 7 and the rear end flange 8; the front end shaft section 1 and the rear end flange 8 are both provided with a center hole 9 at the shaft center.

[0029] The present application also comprises a bracket A 24 and a bracket B 29, which are installed on the bed 20 and used for supporting the rear main journal 7 and the front main journal 2 on both sides of the crankshaft workpiece.

[0030] In the embodiment, the self-centering servo tracking center frame 35 is provided with an upper jaw 351, a middle jaw 352 and a lower jaw 353, and the upper jaw 351, the middle jaw 352 and the lower jaw 353 simultaneously contact the intermediate main journal 5 of the crankshaft workpiece.

[0031] The present application also comprises a tooling, in order to solve the effective adjustment of the top holding driving device, the tooling is designed according to the structural characteristics of the crankshaft workpiece, and the tooling comprises a bracket A 24 and a bracket B 29. Figure 5The tool shown is used to adjust the position of the self-centering servo tracking center frame 35 to facilitate the accurate grinding of the crankshaft workpiece. The tool includes a flange 15, a front shaft section 17, a middle shaft section A 18, a middle shaft section B 19, a middle shaft section C 14, a small shaft section 13, a rear end shaft section 12 and a tail end shaft section 11; the middle shaft section A 18, the middle shaft section B 19 and the middle shaft section C 14 are connected in sequence, the front end is connected with the front shaft section 17 and the flange 15 in sequence through the small shaft section 13, and the tail end is connected with the rear end shaft section 12 and the tail end shaft section 11 in sequence; a front center hole 16 is formed at the shaft center of the flange 15; a rear center hole 10 is formed at the shaft center of the tail end shaft section 11. The outer diameter of the flange 15 is the same as that of the rear flange of the crankshaft workpiece, the outer diameters D of the front shaft section 17, the middle shaft section A 18, the middle shaft section B 19, the middle shaft section C 14 and the rear end shaft section 12 are the same as those of the front main journal 2, the middle main journal 5 and the rear main journal 7 of the crankshaft workpiece, the outer diameter of the small shaft section 13 is smaller than the outer diameter D to reduce the shaft section for precision machining; the front shaft section 17, the middle shaft section A 18, the middle shaft section B 19, the middle shaft section C 14, the small shaft section 13 and the rear end shaft section 12 correspond to the rear main journal 7, the middle main journal 5, the connecting rod journal 3 and the front main journal 2 in the length direction of the crankshaft workpiece, and the number of the middle shaft section A 18, the middle shaft section B 19 and the middle shaft section C 14 is the same as that of the middle main journal 5 of the crankshaft workpiece. In order to facilitate the effective holding of the center frame clamping jaw, the tool is used to simulate the crankshaft main journal during use, the position of the self-centering servo tracking center frame 35 on the workbench and the holding degree of the upper jaw 351, the middle jaw 352 and the lower jaw 353 on the crankshaft workpiece main journal are adjusted. The present application has the advantages of simple structure, convenient use and effective reduction of the adjustment time of the machine tool. The flange 15 is arranged on the tool to reduce the stroke size of the jaw group A 36 and the jaw group B 37 of the four-jaw hydraulic chuck 23, thereby reducing the radial movement time of the jaw group A 36 and the jaw group B 37 of the four-jaw hydraulic chuck 23 on the crankshaft workpiece.

[0032] During grinding, the headstock 22 and the tailstock 31 are driven by the motors arranged therein to move towards each other along the linear guide A 21 and the linear guide B 32, so that the front center of the headstock 22 and the rear center 30 of the tailstock 31 are in contact with the center holes 9 at both ends of the crankshaft workpiece to achieve center holding; then the position of the self-centering servo tracking center frame 35 along the linear guide C 33 is adjusted, so that the upper jaw 351, the middle jaw 352 and the lower jaw 353 are in contact with the middle main journal 5 of the crankshaft workpiece at the same time, and the self-centering servo tracking center frame 35 is fixed through the mounting bracket 34, the linear guide C 33 and the connection of the bed; then the two groups of oil channels arranged in the hydraulic chuck 23 drive the jaw group A 36 and the jaw group B 37 of the four-jaw hydraulic chuck 23 respectively, and the rear flange 8 of the crankshaft workpiece is radially clamped; finally, the crankshaft is driven to rotate by the headstock motor to participate in grinding.

[0033] The application also provides a method for using the crankshaft top holding driving device. The tooling is placed in the corresponding position of the top holding driving device through the bracket A and the bracket B, and then the motor provided in the head frame and the tail frame is driven to make the front center provided in the head frame and the rear center provided in the tail frame move along the linear guide A and the linear guide B, and the top holding is realized when the centers contact with the front end center hole and the rear end center hole provided at the two ends of the tooling; under the action of the top holding force, the centers of the middle shaft sections A, B and C coincide with the line connecting the front center of the head frame and the rear center of the tail frame, and at this time, the upper jaw, the middle jaw and the lower jaw of the self-centering servo tracking center frame are adjusted to contact with the middle shaft section A, the middle shaft section B and the middle shaft section C of the tooling at the same time to form the holding; when the rotary grinding processing tooling middle shaft section is held, the upper jaw, the middle jaw and the lower jaw of the self-centering servo tracking center frame can automatically servo track the held tooling in the process of reducing the outer diameter of the middle shaft section, and at this time, the position of the self-centering servo tracking center frame is adjusted to realize the accurate grinding processing of the crankshaft workpiece.

[0034] The crankshaft top holding driving device is provided with the four-jaw hydraulic chuck, and the claws are divided into two groups according to the spatial relationship of the four-jaw hydraulic chuck claws, the embedding forces of the two groups of claws to the crankshaft are changed according to the rigidity of the crankshaft workpiece in different directions, the deformation of the crankshaft under the action of the top holding force is changed, the rotary center of the crankshaft workpiece main journal is consistent with the line connecting the head frame center and the tail frame center, and the effective holding of the self-centering servo tracking center frame is facilitated; the tooling for simulating the crankshaft holding is designed, the upper jaw, the middle jaw and the lower jaw of the self-centering servo tracking center frame are adjusted to the workpiece holding center and the holding force when the crankshaft top holding driving device holds the tooling, and the adjustment difficulty problem of the fan blocks A and B features on both sides of the crankshaft workpiece main journal caused by the space limitation is avoided.

[0035] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the application, and does not limit the technical scope of the application in any way, and any slight modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment according to the technical essence of the application still belongs to the scope of the technical solution of the application.

Claims

1. A method for using a crankshaft top drive device, characterized in that, the crankshaft top drive device comprises a headstock, a four-jaw hydraulic chuck, a self-centering servo tracking center stock and a tailstock; wherein a front center is arranged in the headstock, the four-jaw hydraulic chuck is connected concentrically outside the front center, and is used for embedding and tightening a crankshaft workpiece in the radial direction; a rear center is arranged in the tailstock; the front center in the headstock and the rear center in the tailstock are in contact with the center holes at both ends of the crankshaft workpiece to achieve top holding; the self-centering servo tracking center stock is arranged between the headstock and the tailstock, and is used for supporting and positioning the crankshaft workpiece; a bed body is further included, linear guide rails A, linear guide rails B and linear guide rails C are mounted on the bed body, the headstock is slidingly arranged on the linear guide rails A, the tailstock is slidingly arranged on the linear guide rails B, and the self-centering servo tracking center stock is slidingly arranged on the linear guide rails C through a mounting bracket; the crankshaft workpiece comprises a front end shaft section, a front main journal, a connecting rod journal, a fan block A, an intermediate main journal, a fan block B, a rear main journal and a rear end flange; the fan block A, the intermediate main journal and the fan block B are sequentially connected, the front end is sequentially connected with the connecting rod journal, the front main journal and the front end shaft section, and the rear end is sequentially connected with the rear main journal and the rear end flange; center holes are arranged at the shaft centers of the front end shaft section and the rear end flange; a bracket A and a bracket B are further included, and the bracket A and the bracket B are mounted on the bed body and are used for supporting the rear main journal and the front main journal on both sides of the crankshaft workpiece; upper claws, middle claws and lower claws are arranged on the self-centering servo tracking center stock, and the upper claws, the middle claws and the lower claws are in contact with the intermediate main journal of the crankshaft workpiece at the same time; a tooling is further included, and the tooling comprises a flange, a front shaft section, an intermediate shaft section A, an intermediate shaft section B, an intermediate shaft section C, a small shaft section, a rear end shaft section and a tail end shaft section; the intermediate shaft section A, the intermediate shaft section B and the intermediate shaft section C are sequentially connected, the front end is sequentially connected with the front shaft section and the flange through the small shaft section, and the tail end is sequentially connected with the rear end shaft section and the tail end shaft section; a front end center hole is arranged at the shaft center of the flange; a rear end center hole is arranged at the shaft center of the tail end shaft section; the tooling is placed in the corresponding position of the top drive device through the bracket A and the bracket B, and then a motor arranged in the headstock and the tailstock is driven, so that the front center in the headstock and the rear center in the tailstock move towards each other along the linear guide rails A and the linear guide rails B; when the centers of the intermediate shaft section A, the intermediate shaft section B and the intermediate shaft section C and the line connecting the front center in the headstock and the rear center in the tailstock coincide under the action of the top holding force, the upper claws, the middle claws and the lower claws of the self-centering servo tracking center stock are adjusted to be in contact with a certain one of the intermediate shaft section A, the intermediate shaft section B and the intermediate shaft section C of the tooling at the same time to form support; when the intermediate shaft section of the supported tooling is processed by rotary grinding, the upper claws, the middle claws and the lower claws of the self-centering servo tracking center stock can automatically servo track to form the supported tooling in the process of reducing the outer diameter of the intermediate shaft section; at this time, the position of the self-centering servo tracking center stock which is adjusted is used to realize accurate grinding processing of the crankshaft workpiece.

2. A method of using a crankshaft top drive apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein, The four-jaw hydraulic chuck is provided with four clamping jaws in the circumferential direction, and the four clamping jaws are divided into a clamping jaw group A and a clamping jaw group B in an opposite relationship, and the spatial relationship of the clamping jaw group A and the clamping jaw group B is perpendicular to each other.

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