A cofferdam water retaining and earth retaining structure suitable for building construction

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of building cofferdams, specifically a water and soil retaining structure suitable for building cofferdams, including four supporting piles, a T-shaped slot is provided on the top of the supporting pile, a movable steel plate is movably connected in the T-shaped slot, a first groove is provided on both sides of the T-shaped slot, and an air supply mechanism is provided in the first groove; a second air bag is fixedly connected to the side of the connecting plate close to the T-shaped slot, a first air bag is fixedly connected to the side of the connecting plate away from the T-shaped slot, the first air bag located outside the movable steel plate is fixedly connected to an air supply pipe, and a connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the end of the air supply pipe away from the first air bag. Air is supplied by the air supply mechanism, so that the air supply pipe and the Y-shaped pipe supply air to the first and second air bags, the first air bag is expanded first to push the connecting plate toward the movable steel plate, and the second air bag is expanded to block the gap between the movable steel plate and the T-shaped slot from both sides, so that water and soil outside the device cannot enter the interior, achieving the effect of retaining water and soil.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of building cofferdams, in particular to a water and soil retaining structure of a cofferdam suitable for building construction. Background Art

[0002] A cofferdam is a temporary retaining structure used during construction to build permanent water conservancy facilities. Its purpose is to prevent water and soil from entering the construction site, allowing drainage, excavation, and construction within the cofferdam. It is typically used in hydraulic structures. Unless it is part of a formal structure, a cofferdam is typically dismantled after use. Its height is typically higher than the highest water level that may occur during construction.

[0003] Cofferdams are also used in building construction projects. There will be many elevator foundation pits, water collection pits and various pits in civil defense areas on the foundation raft of building construction projects. The construction progress of the pits may cause the construction progress of the entire project to lag behind, seriously delaying the project construction progress. For example, when the soil quality is poor, the excavation depth of the water collection pit is large and it is impossible to excavate with a slope. Excavation is often accompanied by collapse, causing the pit to become larger and larger and making construction impossible. For example, projects near the seaside have a high groundwater level and are greatly affected by the tides. When the dewatering of the water collection well cannot meet the requirements, the water in the pit cannot be completely cleaned for construction. During construction, the building construction cofferdam needs to be waterproof and soil-proof at the same time, otherwise it may affect the work inside the cofferdam.

[0004] Most of the existing building construction cofferdams are assembled and welded together as a whole, and then lowered into various construction pits. This also has some problems. Welding the steel plates to the brackets in the early stage will slow down the construction progress and make it difficult to remove the steel plates in the later stage. The steel plates generally play a role in waterproofing and soil prevention during the construction process. The components that really play a fixing and supporting role are skeleton structures such as channel steel keels. Moreover, when the steel plates are welded at the construction site, due to the poor construction environment, the welding points may have defects or welding leaks, and these defects and welding leaks may cause water and soil leakage.

[0005] Therefore, in order to solve the problem that the project collection pit cannot be constructed due to poor geology and high water level, a cofferdam water retaining and earth retaining structure suitable for building construction was developed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In response to the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a cofferdam water retaining structure suitable for building construction. The present invention is designed to solve the problem that there are many elevator foundation pits, water collection pits and various pits in the civil defense area on the foundation raft of building construction projects. The construction progress of the pits may cause the construction progress of the entire project to lag behind, seriously delaying the project construction progress. For example, when the soil quality is poor, it is impossible to excavate the water collection pit at a large depth, and the excavation is often accompanied by collapse, causing the pit to become larger and larger and impossible to construct. For example, for projects near the seaside, the groundwater level is high and is greatly affected by the tide. When the water collection well dewatering cannot meet the requirements, the water in the pit cannot be completely cleaned for construction. The designed cofferdam water retaining structure is suitable for building construction.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: a water retaining and earth retaining structure for a cofferdam suitable for building construction, comprising four supporting piles, a T-shaped groove is provided on the top of each supporting pile, a movable steel plate is movably connected in the T-shaped groove, an auxiliary mechanism is movably connected on the opposite side of the movable steel plate, a first groove is provided on both sides of the T-shaped groove, the first groove is connected to the T-shaped groove, the first groove is symmetrically arranged, and an air supply mechanism is provided in the first groove;

[0008] The air supply mechanism includes a connecting plate that is slidably connected to the first groove, the second airbag is fixedly connected to the side of the connecting plate close to the T-shaped groove, the first airbag is fixedly connected to the side of the connecting plate away from the T-shaped groove, the first airbag located on the outside of the movable steel plate is fixedly connected to the air supply pipe, the end of the air supply pipe away from the first airbag is fixedly connected to the connecting pipe, the connecting pipe is fixedly connected to a Y-shaped tube, the end of the Y-shaped tube away from the connecting pipe is respectively connected to the first airbag located on the inside of the movable steel plate, the Y-shaped tube and the middle part of the air supply pipe are fixedly connected to the air supply assembly, the connecting pipe is fixedly connected to an air pump, the elasticity of the first airbag is greater than that of the second airbag, and the elasticity of the lower end of the second airbag is greater than that of the upper end.

[0009] Preferably, a group of fixed channel steels are fixedly connected to opposite sides of the support piles, and the fixed channel steels are located on the side close to the inner side of the movable steel plate. The T-shaped grooves on the opposite sides of the support piles are symmetrically arranged.

[0010] Preferably, an installation groove is opened in the support pile, the connecting pipe is located in the installation groove, an air pump is fixedly installed on the top of the support pile, the connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the air pump, the air supply pipe and the Y-shaped pipe are located in the lower middle part of the support pile, and an air vent is opened at the lower end of the connecting plate, and the air vent connects the first airbag and the second airbag.

[0011] Preferably, protrusions are fixedly connected on both sides of the connecting plate, a third groove is opened on the side wall of the first groove, a second spring is fixedly connected to the side of the third groove away from the T-shaped groove, and the end of the second spring away from the third groove is fixedly connected to the protrusion.

[0012] Preferably, the auxiliary mechanism includes a fixed block fixedly connected to the side wall of the support seat, a second groove is provided on one side of the fixed block, a connecting groove is provided at the bottom of the second groove, a group of first springs are fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting groove, and the end of the first spring away from the bottom of the connecting groove is fixedly connected to the limiting block.

[0013] Preferably, a first channel steel is arranged between a group of the fixed channel steels, a second channel steel is fixedly connected to the first channel steel, connecting blocks are fixedly connected at both ends of the first channel steel, the connecting blocks are slidably connected to the second groove, a suction cup is arranged at the intersection of the first channel steel and the second channel steel, and on the side close to the movable steel plate, the suction cup cooperates with the movable steel plate, the first channel steel and the fixed channel steel are arranged parallel to each other, and the second channel steel and the first channel steel are arranged perpendicular to each other.

[0014] Preferably, the distance between the side of the second groove close to the movable steel plate and the connecting groove is adapted to the width of the connecting block. When the connecting block collides with the side of the second groove close to the movable steel plate, the distance between the first channel steel and the movable steel plate is smaller than the distance between the fixed channel steel and the movable steel plate, and the suction cup is connected to the movable steel plate.

[0015] Preferably, the air supply assembly includes a pressure sensor and a solenoid valve.

[0016] Preferably, a lifting ring is fixedly connected to the top of the supporting pile.

[0017] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0018] (1) The present invention is a kind of water-retaining and earth-retaining structure suitable for building construction. After the support piles and the movable steel plate are assembled, air is supplied through the air supply mechanism, so that the air pipe and the Y-shaped tube supply air to the first air bag and the second air bag. The first air bag is first expanded to push the connecting plate toward the movable steel plate, and then the air is supplied to the second air bag through the vent. When the second air bag expands to a certain extent, it contacts the movable steel plate. The second air bag is provided on both sides of the movable steel plate to block the gap between the movable steel plate and the T-shaped groove from both sides, forming two layers of tightly fitting barriers on the outside and inside of the movable steel plate, so that water and soil outside the device are not The invention adopts an assembled structure to speed up the construction progress and improve the construction efficiency. The assembled cofferdam structure replaces the brick membrane in the prior art, which not only solves the problem of construction difficulties, but also saves the time of brick membrane masonry and plastering. Moreover, after commercial accounting, the concrete saved by the vertical slope construction is greater than the cost of making the cofferdam structure. Moreover, the supporting piles and movable steel plates in the invention are all reusable designs. Therefore, the invention also saves the project construction cost and achieves the purpose of reducing costs and increasing efficiency.

[0019] (2) The present invention is a kind of cofferdam retaining and water-retaining structure suitable for building construction. The second channel steel is pushed outward from the inside of the device, so that the first channel steel is close to the movable steel plate. When the connecting block and the limiting block are separated, the limiting block moves upward under the action of the first spring, clamps the connecting block, and the suction cup is adsorbed on the inner wall of the movable steel plate. On the one hand, the auxiliary mechanism plays a role in reinforcing the device. On the other hand, if the outside of the movable steel plate is impacted by external force, the suction cup can play a buffering effect to a certain extent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the support pile and the fixed channel steel of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the auxiliary mechanism of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the fixing block and the supporting pile of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 A magnified schematic diagram of point A;

[0026] Figure 6 A top cross-sectional view of a support pile according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 is a side sectional view of a support pile of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 A magnified schematic diagram of point B;

[0029] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the connection between the connecting plate and the first and second airbags of the present invention.

[0030] In the figure: 1. Support pile; 11. T-slot; 12. First groove; 13. Mounting groove; 2. Movable steel plate; 3. Fixed channel steel; 4. Auxiliary mechanism; 41. Fixed block; 42. Second groove; 43. Connecting groove; 44. First spring; 45. Limit block; 46. First channel steel; 461. Connecting block; 47. Second channel steel; 48. Suction cup; 5. Air supply mechanism; 51. Air pump; 511. Connecting pipe; 52. Air supply pipe; 53. Y-shaped pipe; 54. Air supply assembly; 55. First air bag; 56. Connecting plate; 561. Bump; 562. Third groove; 563. Second spring; 57. Vent; 58. Second air bag; 59. Welding block; 6. Lifting ring. Implementation Method

[0031] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easier to understand, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0032] like Figures 1-9 As shown, the present invention is applicable to a cofferdam retaining structure for building construction, including the following embodiments: Example

[0033] A water and earth retaining structure for a cofferdam suitable for building construction includes four support piles 1. A T-shaped slot 11 is provided on the top of the support pile 1. A movable steel plate 2 is movably connected in the T-shaped slot 11. An auxiliary mechanism 4 is movably connected to the opposite side of the movable steel plate 2. First grooves 12 are provided on both sides of the T-shaped slot 11. The first grooves 12 are connected to the T-shaped slot 11 and are symmetrically arranged. An air supply mechanism 5 is provided in the first groove 12.

[0034] The air supply mechanism 5 includes a connecting plate 56 that is slidably connected to the first groove 12, a second air bag 58 is fixedly connected to the side of the connecting plate 56 close to the T-shaped groove 11, and a first air bag 55 is fixedly connected to the side of the connecting plate 56 away from the T-shaped groove 11. The first air bag 55 located on the outside of the movable steel plate 2 is fixedly connected to the air supply pipe 52, and the end of the air supply pipe 52 away from the first air bag 55 is fixedly connected to the connecting pipe 511. The connecting pipe 511 is fixedly connected to the Y-shaped tube 53, and the ends of the Y-shaped tube 53 away from the connecting pipe 511 are respectively connected to the first air bag 55 located on the inside of the movable steel plate 2. The Y-shaped tube 53 and the middle part of the air supply pipe 52 are fixedly connected to the air supply assembly 54, and the connecting pipe 511 is fixedly connected to the air pump 51. The elasticity of the first air bag 55 is greater than that of the second air bag 58, and the elasticity of the lower end of the second air bag 58 is greater than that of the upper end.

[0035] During operation, after the support pile 1 and the movable steel plate 2 are installed, there is a gap between the movable steel plate 2 and the T-slot 11. If no protection is taken, water may penetrate into the interior of the device with soil. The air pump 51 is started, and the air pump 51 sends air to the first air bag 55 and the second air bag 58 through the air pipe 52 and the Y-shaped tube 53. The first air bag 55 expands first, pushing the connecting plate 56 to drive the second air bag 58 to move closer to the movable steel plate 2. The air pump 51 continues to supply air, and the air in the first air bag 55 enters the second air bag 58, causing the second air bag 58 to expand. The lower end of the second air bag 58 expands first and is connected to the movable steel plate 2. The side walls of the movable steel plate 2 collide with each other, which can quickly close the gap at the bottom and block the water and soil at the bottom of the pit from entering. After the lower end of the second airbag 58 is fully expanded within a limited space, the remaining gas gradually expands the upper end to form a complete closure. A high water level can also be blocked, and water outside the device cannot enter the inside of the device. After the second airbags 58 on both sides of the movable steel plate 2 are fully expanded, a double-layer barrier is formed. The gap at the connection between the movable steel plate 2 and the T-shaped groove 11 is filled and blocked from both the outside and the inside to enhance the blocking effect, and water cannot carry soil into the cofferdam.

[0036] In this embodiment, Figure 4-Figure 9 As shown, a mounting groove 13 is provided in the support pile 1, and a connecting pipe 511 is located in the mounting groove 13. An air pump 51 is fixedly installed on the top of the support pile 1, and the connecting pipe 511 is fixedly connected to the air pump 51. The air delivery pipe 52 and the Y-shaped pipe 53 are located in the middle and lower part of the support pile 1. A vent 57 is provided at the lower end of the connecting plate 56, and the vent 57 connects the first air bag 55 and the second air bag 58.

[0037] Bumps 561 are fixedly connected to both sides of the connecting plate 56. A third groove 562 is formed on the side wall of the first groove 12. A second spring 563 is fixedly connected to the side of the third groove 562 away from the T-shaped groove 11. The end of the second spring 563 away from the third groove 562 is fixedly connected to the bump 561.

[0038] The air supply assembly 54 includes a pressure sensor and a solenoid valve;

[0039] In this embodiment, the pressure sensor and the solenoid valve are both controlled and connected by a dedicated controller. The pressure sensor is responsible for detecting pressure changes and transmitting electrical signals to the controller, which then controls the solenoid valve to automatically open and supply air through the corresponding pipeline. The electrical connection here is a well-known existing technology and will not be described in detail in this invention. For example, when the pressure sensor detects that the pressure in the second airbag 58 has decreased, the solenoid valve can automatically open and supply air to the second airbag 58 through the corresponding air supply pipe 52 after a series of electrical signal transmissions.

[0040] When working, after starting the air pump 51, air is supplied to the Y-shaped tube 53 and the two air supply pipes 52 at the same time through the connecting pipe 511. The first air bag 55 expands first, so that the second spring 563 is stretched, pushing the connecting plate 56 to drive the second air bag 58 to move closer to the movable steel plate 2. The third groove 562 limits the moving position of the connecting plate 56. When the protrusion 561 hits the side of the third groove 562 close to the movable steel plate 2, the connecting plate 56 can no longer move closer to the movable steel plate 2. If there is mud in the first groove 12 at this time, the movement of the connecting plate 56 can also push the mud out, which is convenient for subsequent cleaning. The air pump 51 continues to supply air, and the air in the first air bag 55 enters the second air bag 58 through the vent 57. The airbag 58 causes the second airbag 58 to expand, and the gas in the second airbag 58 preferentially expands the bottom. After the lower end of the second airbag 58 is fully expanded within a limited space, the remaining gas gradually fully expands the upper end. If the outer side of the movable steel plate 2 is impacted, the movable steel plate 2 is pushed inward and squeezed to the second airbag 58 on the inside, so that the pressure inside the second airbag 58 on the outside becomes smaller. The pressure sensor of the air supply component 54 in the outer air pipe 52 detects that the pressure of the second airbag 58 on the outside becomes smaller, and the solenoid valve automatically opens to supply air to the second airbag 58 on the outside, so that the second airbags 58 on both sides of the movable steel plate 2 are always in contact with the movable steel plate 2 without a gap, isolating the entry of water and soil.

[0041] In this embodiment, Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, a set of fixed channel steels 3 are fixedly connected to the opposite sides of the support piles 1. The fixed channel steels 3 are located on the side close to the inner side of the movable steel plate 2. The T-shaped slots 11 on the opposite sides of the support piles 1 are symmetrically arranged.

[0042] The auxiliary mechanism 4 includes a fixed block 41 fixedly connected to the side wall of the support base. A second groove 42 is formed on one side of the fixed block 41. A connecting groove 43 is formed at the bottom of the second groove 42. A group of first springs 44 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting groove 43. One end of the first spring 44 away from the bottom of the connecting groove 43 is fixedly connected to a limit block 45.

[0043] A first channel steel 46 is provided between a group of fixed channel steels 3, a second channel steel 47 is fixedly connected to the first channel steel 46, connecting blocks 461 are fixedly connected at both ends of the first channel steel 46, and the connecting blocks 461 are slidably connected to the second groove 42. A suction cup 48 is provided at the intersection of the first channel steel 46 and the second channel steel 47, close to the side of the movable steel plate 2, and the suction cup 48 cooperates with the movable steel plate 2. The first channel steel 46 and the fixed channel steel 3 are arranged parallel to each other, and the second channel steel 47 and the first channel steel 46 are arranged perpendicular to each other.

[0044] The distance between the side of the second groove 42 close to the movable steel plate 2 and the connecting groove 43 is adapted to the width of the connecting block 461. When the connecting block 461 contacts the side of the second groove 42 close to the movable steel plate 2, the distance between the first channel steel 46 and the movable steel plate 2 is smaller than the distance between the fixed channel steel 3 and the movable steel plate 2. The suction cup 48 is connected to the movable steel plate 2. At this time, the connecting block 461 presses the limit block 45, and the limit block 45 is located in the connecting groove 43. When the connecting block 461 slides in the second groove 42 and separates from the limit block 45, the limit block 45 is lifted by the first spring 44, and the connecting block 461 is clamped, thereby fixing the first channel steel 46.

[0045] During operation, when the movable steel plate 2 is placed in the T-slot 11, the movable steel plate 2 will not rub against the fixed channel steel 3, and the fixed channel steel 3 will not contact the movable steel plate 2. After the second air bags 58 on both sides of the movable steel plate 2 are inflated, the first channel steel 46 and the second channel steel 47 are pushed from the inside of the device, so that the connecting block 461 slides in the second groove 42. When the connecting block 461 and the second groove 42 collide with one side of the movable steel plate 2, the limit block 45 loses the restriction of the connecting block 461 and is lifted up by the first spring 44. The distance between the side wall of the second groove 42 and the limit block 45 just blocks the connecting block 461, making the connecting block 461 unable to move. After fixing the position of the connecting block 461 at this time, the position of the first channel steel 46 is also fixed. At this time, the suction cup 48 on the first channel steel 46 and The inner walls of the movable steel plate 2 are adsorbed on each other, and the first channel steel 46 and the second channel steel 47 are used to provide auxiliary support to the inner side of the movable steel plate 2. If the outer side of the movable steel plate 2 is impacted by external force, the suction cup 48 can also play a buffering role to a certain extent. At this time, the first channel steel 46 can be welded to the fixed block 41 at the position of the welding block 59 to improve the safety of the device. During subsequent dismantling, it is only necessary to cut the welding block 59 and press the limit block 45 back into the connecting groove 43 to restore the mobility of the first channel steel 46. Welding is more reliable than clipping or other mechanical connections. This method can meet the firmness and stability required by the cofferdam, and is convenient for disassembly and welding. There is no need to consider the sealing of the welding point. Even if there are some defects in the welding point, it will not affect the overall water and soil retaining effect.

[0046] Working principle: When in use, four support piles 1 are connected by four sets of fixed channel steels 3, and both ends of the movable steel plate 2 are inserted into the T-shaped groove 11. After the movable steel plate 2 reaches the bottom of the T-shaped groove 11, the device is initially closed all around. After the device is placed in a pre-dug pit through the lifting ring 6, the air pump 51 is started. The air pump 51 sends air to the first air bag 55 and the second air bag 58 through the air pipe 52 and the Y-shaped tube 53. The first air bag 55 expands first, so that the second spring 563 is pulled up, pushing the connecting plate 56 to drive the second air bag 58 to move closer to the movable steel plate 2. The third groove 562 limits the moving position of the connecting plate 56. The air pump 51 continues to supply air, and the air in the first air bag 55 is vented. The air enters the second airbag 58 through the vent 57, causing the second airbag 58 to expand. The lower end of the second airbag 58 expands first and contacts the side wall of the movable steel plate 2. After the lower end of the second airbag 58 is fully expanded within the limited space, the remaining gas gradually expands the upper end. If there is water outside the device, the gap at the bottom of the device is first sealed to block the entry of water and soil. After the second airbags 58 on both sides of the movable steel plate 2 are fully expanded, a double-layer barrier is formed, and the water and soil outside the device cannot enter the interior. Even if there is water in the T-slot 11 before the second airbag 58 is expanded, the water in the T-slot 11 cannot enter the interior of the device after the second airbag 58 on the inner side of the movable steel plate 2 is expanded.

[0047] After the second airbags 58 on both sides of the movable steel plate 2 are inflated, the first channel steel 46 and the second channel steel 47 are pushed from the inside of the device, so that the connecting block 461 slides in the second groove 42. When the connecting block 461 and the second groove 42 collide with one side of the movable steel plate 2, the limiting block 45 moves upward under the action of the first spring 44 to fix the position of the connecting block 461 at this time. At this time, the suction cup 48 on the first channel steel 46 is adsorbed on the inner wall of the movable steel plate 2. If the outer side of the movable steel plate 2 is impacted by external force, the suction cup 48 can also play a buffering role to a certain extent. At this time, the first channel steel 46 and the fixing block 41 can be welded together at the position of the welding block 59 to improve the safety of the device. When dismantling later, the welding block 59 is cut open and the limiting block 45 is pressed back into the connecting groove 43 to restore the mobility of the first channel steel 46.

[0048] If the outer side of the movable steel plate 2 is impacted, the movable steel plate 2 is pushed inward and squeezed to the second airbag 58 on the inner side, so that the pressure inside the second airbag 58 on the outer side becomes smaller. The air supply component 54 includes a pressure sensor and a solenoid valve. The pressure sensor located in the outer air supply pipe 52 detects that the pressure of the second airbag 58 on the outer side becomes smaller, and the solenoid valve automatically opens to supply air to the second airbag 58 on the outer side, so that the second airbags 58 on both sides of the movable steel plate 2 are always in contact with the movable steel plate 2 without a gap, thereby isolating the entry of water and soil.

[0049] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. The above-described embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Such changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A water-retaining and earth-retaining structure for a building cofferdam, comprising four supporting piles (1), characterized in that: Two adjacent side walls of the support pile (1) are provided with T-shaped grooves (11), a movable steel plate (2) is movably connected in the T-shaped groove (11), an auxiliary mechanism (4) is movably connected on the opposite side of the movable steel plate (2), and a first groove (12) is provided on both sides of each T-shaped groove (11), the first groove (12) is connected to the T-shaped groove (11), the first groove (12) is symmetrically arranged, and an air supply mechanism (5) is provided in the first groove (12); The air supply mechanism (5) includes a connecting plate (56) slidably connected to the first groove (12), the connecting plate (56) is fixedly connected to the second airbag (58) on the side close to the T-shaped groove (11), the connecting plate (56) is fixedly connected to the first airbag (55) on the side away from the T-shaped groove (11), the first airbag (55) located outside the movable steel plate (2) is fixedly connected to the air supply pipe (52), the end of the air supply pipe (52) away from the first airbag (55) is fixedly connected to the connecting pipe (511), the connecting pipe (511) is fixedly connected to the Y-shaped tube (53), the end of the Y-shaped tube (53) away from the connecting pipe (511) is respectively connected to the first airbag (55) located inside the movable steel plate (2), the Y-shaped tube (53) and the air supply pipe (52) are fixedly connected to the connecting pipe (511). The connecting plate (56) is fixedly connected to an air supply assembly (54), the connecting pipe (511) is fixedly connected to an air pump (51), the elasticity of the second airbag (58) increases gradually from bottom to top, and the elasticity of the first airbag (55) is greater than the maximum elasticity of the second airbag (58); a vent (57) is provided at the lower end of the connecting plate (56), the vent (57) connects the first airbag (55) and the second airbag (58), and protrusions (561) are fixedly connected to both sides of the connecting plate (56). A third groove (562) is provided on the side wall of the first groove (12), and a second spring (563) is fixedly connected to the side of the third groove (562) away from the T-shaped groove (11), and one end of the second spring (563) away from the third groove (562) is fixedly connected to the protrusion (561).

2. A cofferdam water retaining and earth retaining structure suitable for building construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: A group of fixed channel steels (3) are fixedly connected between adjacent side walls of the support pile (1), and the fixed channel steels (3) are located on a side close to the inner side of the movable steel plate (2). The T-shaped grooves (11) on the opposite side of the support pile (1) are symmetrically arranged.

3. The cofferdam water retaining and earth retaining structure suitable for building construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: A mounting groove (13) is provided in the support pile (1), the connecting pipe (511) is located in the mounting groove (13), an air pump (51) is fixedly installed on the top of the support pile (1), the connecting pipe (511) is fixedly connected to the air pump (51), and the air delivery pipe (52) and the Y-shaped pipe (53) are located in the middle and lower part of the support pile (1).

4. The water-retaining and earth-retaining cofferdam structure suitable for building construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary mechanism (4) comprises a fixed block (41) fixedly connected to the side wall of the support seat, a second groove (42) is provided on one side of the fixed block (41), a connecting groove (43) is provided at the bottom of the second groove (42), a group of first springs (44) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting groove (43), and one end of the first spring (44) away from the bottom of the connecting groove (43) is fixedly connected to a limiting block (45).

5. The cofferdam water retaining and earth retaining structure suitable for building construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first channel steel (46) is provided between a group of the fixed channel steels (3), a second channel steel (47) is fixedly connected to the first channel steel (46), connecting blocks (461) are fixedly connected to both ends of the first channel steel (46), the connecting blocks (461) are slidably connected to the second groove (42), a suction cup (48) is provided at the intersection of the first channel steel (46) and the second channel steel (47) and on a side close to the movable steel plate (2), the suction cup (48) is matched with the movable steel plate (2), the first channel steel (46) and the fixed channel steel (3) are arranged in parallel, and the second channel steel (47) and the first channel steel (46) are arranged perpendicularly.

6. The cofferdam water and earth retaining structure suitable for building construction according to claim 5, characterized in that: The distance between the side of the second groove (42) close to the movable steel plate (2) and the connecting groove (43) is adapted to the width of the connecting block (461); when the connecting block (461) contacts the side of the second groove (42) close to the movable steel plate (2), the distance between the first channel steel (46) and the movable steel plate (2) is smaller than the distance between the fixed channel steel (3) and the movable steel plate (2), and the suction cup (48) is connected to the movable steel plate (2).

7. The water-retaining and earth-retaining cofferdam structure suitable for building construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air supply assembly (54) includes a pressure sensor and a solenoid valve.

8. The water and soil retaining structure of a cofferdam suitable for building construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: A lifting ring (6) is fixedly connected to the top of the supporting pile (1).

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