Data transmission method and apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium

Abstract

The application discloses a data transmission method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium, comprising: after establishing a dedicated bearer for a terminal, determining a first demand bandwidth corresponding to first target data to be transmitted to a target service end; if the first demand bandwidth exceeds the maximum uplink bandwidth corresponding to the dedicated bearer, segmenting the first target data according to the maximum uplink bandwidth corresponding to the dedicated bearer to obtain first segmented data and second segmented data; transmitting the first segmented data to a target aggregation node by using the dedicated bearer established for the terminal; transmitting the second segmented data to the target aggregation node by using a default bearer established for the terminal; after receiving the first segmented data and the second segmented data, the target aggregation node combines the first segmented data and the second segmented data to obtain the first target data, and transmits the combined first target data to the target service end. The scheme can solve the problem of peak clipping and packet loss in dedicated bearer transmission.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of computer technology, and more specifically, to a data transmission method, apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] For services with high real-time requirements, such as audio and video services, cloud conferencing services, and cloud gaming services, a dedicated bearer is typically established between the UE (User Equipment, such as a terminal) and the public data gateway to improve the transmission efficiency of service data. However, in practice, it has been found that there is a significant peak-shaving problem during data transmission using the dedicated bearer established for the terminal. Specifically, because the establishment of a dedicated bearer has an MBR (Maximum Bit Rate) limit, if the bandwidth required by the service data to be transmitted at the current moment exceeds the MBR corresponding to the dedicated bearer, it will also be rate-limited to the MBR corresponding to the dedicated bearer. This results in peak-shaving and packet loss during data transmission through the dedicated bearer. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above problems, embodiments of this application propose a data transmission method, apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium to improve the above problems.

[0004] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, a data transmission method is provided, applied to a terminal, comprising: after establishing a dedicated bearer for the terminal, determining a first required bandwidth corresponding to a first target data to be transmitted to a target service terminal; if the first required bandwidth exceeds the uplink maximum bandwidth corresponding to the dedicated bearer, then segmenting the first target data according to the uplink maximum bandwidth corresponding to the dedicated bearer to obtain a first segmented data and a second segmented data, wherein the bandwidth required to transmit the first segmented data does not exceed the uplink maximum bandwidth; transmitting the first segmented data to a target aggregation node using the dedicated bearer established for the terminal; transmitting the second segmented data to the target aggregation node using a default bearer established for the terminal; wherein, after receiving the first segmented data and the second segmented data, the target aggregation node combines the first segmented data and the second segmented data to obtain the first target data, and transmits the combined first target data to the target service terminal.

[0005] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, a data transmission method is provided, applied to a target aggregation node. The method includes: after establishing a dedicated bearer for a terminal, receiving second target data sent by the target service terminal that needs to be transmitted to the terminal; determining a second required bandwidth corresponding to the second target data; if the second required bandwidth exceeds the downlink maximum bandwidth corresponding to the dedicated bearer, then segmenting the second target data according to the downlink maximum bandwidth to obtain a third segment data and a fourth segment data; wherein the bandwidth required to transmit the third segment data does not exceed the downlink maximum bandwidth; transmitting the third segment data to the terminal using the dedicated bearer; transmitting the fourth segment data to the terminal using the default bearer; wherein, after receiving the third segment data and the fourth segment data, the terminal combines the third segment data and the fourth segment data to obtain the second target data.

[0006] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, a data transmission apparatus is provided, applied to a terminal, comprising: a first bandwidth requirement determination module, configured to determine a first bandwidth requirement corresponding to first target data to be transmitted to a target service terminal after establishing a dedicated bearer for the terminal; a first segmentation module, configured to segment the first target data according to the maximum uplink bandwidth corresponding to the dedicated bearer if the first bandwidth requirement exceeds the maximum uplink bandwidth corresponding to the dedicated bearer, to obtain first segmented data and second segmented data, wherein the bandwidth required to transmit the first segmented data does not exceed the maximum uplink bandwidth; a first transmission module, configured to transmit the first segmented data to a target aggregation node using the dedicated bearer established for the terminal; and a second transmission module, configured to transmit the second segmented data to the target aggregation node using a default bearer established for the terminal; wherein, after receiving the first segmented data and the second segmented data, the target aggregation node combines the first segmented data and the second segmented data to obtain the first target data, and transmits the combined first target data to the target service terminal.

[0007] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, a data transmission apparatus is provided, applied to a target aggregation node, comprising: a receiving module, configured to receive second target data to be transmitted to the terminal sent by the target service terminal after establishing a dedicated bearer for the terminal; a second required bandwidth determination module, configured to determine a second required bandwidth corresponding to the second target data; a second segmentation module, configured to segment the second target data into third segment data and fourth segment data according to the downlink maximum bandwidth if the second required bandwidth exceeds the downlink maximum bandwidth corresponding to the dedicated bearer; wherein the bandwidth required to transmit the third segment data does not exceed the downlink maximum bandwidth; a third transmission module, configured to transmit the third segment data to the terminal using the dedicated bearer; and a fourth transmission module, configured to transmit the fourth segment data to the terminal using the default bearer; wherein, after receiving the third segment data and the fourth segment data, the terminal combines the third segment data and the fourth segment data to obtain the second target data.

[0008] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, an electronic device is provided, including: a processor; and a memory storing computer-readable instructions, which, when executed by the processor, implement the data transmission method as described above.

[0009] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which computer-readable instructions are stored, which, when executed by a processor, implement the data transmission method as described above.

[0010] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, a computer program product is provided, including computer instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the data transmission method as described above.

[0011] In this application, when it is determined that the first required bandwidth of the first target data that the terminal needs to transmit to the target service exceeds the maximum uplink bandwidth of the dedicated bearer, the first target data is divided into a first segment data and a second segment data, so that the first target data is distributed to the dedicated bearer and the default bearer for transmission. In this way, it can be ensured that the bandwidth required to transmit the first segment data does not exceed the maximum uplink bandwidth of the dedicated bearer, while the second segment data that exceeds the maximum uplink bandwidth of the dedicated bearer is transmitted on the default bearer. Thus, the problem of packet loss due to peak shaving caused by the required bandwidth of the service data exceeding the maximum bandwidth of the dedicated bearer in related technologies can be solved.

[0012] Furthermore, by using the target aggregation node as a relay between the terminal and the target service, the target aggregation node combines the first segment data and the second segment data to obtain the first target data, and then forwards the combined first target data to the target service, thus ensuring that the target service receives the complete first target data. If there is no relay between the terminal and the service, after receiving the first segment data transmitted via the dedicated bearer and the second segment data transmitted via the default bearer, the service still needs corresponding processing logic to combine the first segment data and the second segment data into the complete first target data, which involves modifying the processing logic of the service. Moreover, if this solution needs to be implemented for multiple services, the processing logic of each service needs to be modified. In the solution of this application, using the target aggregation node as a relay between the terminal and the target service does not require modification of the processing logic of the service. Furthermore, the same target aggregation node can forward data to multiple services. Therefore, by deploying the target aggregation node, it is not necessary to modify the processing logic for each service. This solution has low implementation cost and difficulty and can be widely used for data transmission between terminals and services. Attached Figure Description

[0013] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application. It is obvious that the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of this application, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any inventive effort.

[0014] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the EPS-borne service architecture is shown.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a timing diagram illustrating a data transmission method according to an embodiment of this application.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a timing diagram illustrating a data transmission method according to another embodiment of this application.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a timing diagram illustrating a data transmission method according to another embodiment of this application.

[0018] Figure 5 This is a timing diagram illustrating a data transmission method according to another embodiment of this application.

[0019] Figure 6 This is a timing diagram illustrating the establishment of a dedicated bearer for a terminal according to an embodiment of this application.

[0020] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram illustrating data transmission between a terminal and a target service terminal according to an embodiment of this application.

[0021] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating data transmission between a terminal and a target service terminal according to another embodiment of this application.

[0022] Figure 9 This is a block diagram of a data transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of this application.

[0023] Figure 10 This is a block diagram of a data transmission apparatus according to another embodiment of this application.

[0024] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the structure of a computer system suitable for implementing the electronic device of the present application is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0025] Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided to make this application more comprehensive and complete, and to fully convey the concept of the exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art.

[0026] Furthermore, the described features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. Numerous specific details are provided in the following description to give a thorough understanding of embodiments of this application. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that the technical solutions of this application can be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or other methods, components, apparatuses, steps, etc., can be employed. In other instances, well-known methods, apparatuses, implementations, or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring various aspects of this application.

[0027] The block diagrams shown in the accompanying drawings are merely functional entities and do not necessarily correspond to physically independent entities. That is, these functional entities can be implemented in software, in one or more hardware modules or integrated circuits, or in different network and / or processor devices and / or microcontroller devices.

[0028] The flowcharts shown in the accompanying drawings are merely illustrative and do not necessarily include all content and operations / steps, nor do they necessarily have to be performed in the described order. For example, some operations / steps can be broken down, while others can be combined or partially combined; therefore, the actual execution order may change depending on the specific circumstances.

[0029] It should be noted that "multiple" in this article refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0030] Before providing a detailed explanation of this solution, the terms used in this application are explained as follows: Default Bearer: From the moment a UE (User Equipment, such as the terminal in this application) attaches to the network, a bearer must be established; this is the "default bearer". The default bearer is created when the UE attaches to the network and is known to remain active until the UE detaches from the network. This default bearer is the "always-on" IP connection provided by the mobile communication system for the UE.

[0031] Dedicated bearers: Bearers created after the default bearer are called dedicated bearers. For example, a UE-dedicated bearer is established on the basis of a PDN (Public Data Network) connection to provide a specific QoS (Quality of Service) transmission requirement (which the default bearer cannot meet). Generally, the QoS requirements of a dedicated bearer are higher than those of the default bearer. A dedicated bearer is associated with a UL (TrafficFlow Template) (TFT) at the UE and with a DLTFT (UpLink Traffic Flow Template) at the PDN-GW (PDN Gateway). The TFT contains filters for the service data flow, and these filters can only match packets that meet certain criteria.

[0032] EPS (Evolved Packet System) bearer: In 4G mobile communication systems, the concept of EPS bearer was introduced to achieve more refined QoS control. Specifically, between the UE and PGW, SDFs (Service Data Flows, e.g., IP packets) with the same QoS are called an EPS bearer. It can also be understood that an EPS bearer provides a certain QoS transmission guarantee between the UE and the PDN (Public Data Network). An EPS bearer is a logical aggregation of one or more service data flows between the UE and the PDN GW. EPS bearers are divided into default bearers and dedicated bearers.

[0033] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the EPS-supported business architecture is shown. (For example...) Figure 1 As shown, the EPS system is a hierarchical and regional QoS architecture, meaning that the services carried by each layer are communicated through the services carried by the layer below it. For example... Figure 1 As shown, mobile communication networks (such as 4G networks) include E-UTRAN (Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network) and EPC (Evolved Packet Core). UE (User Equipment, such as the terminal in this application) can communicate with devices on the Internet through E-UTRAN and EPC.

[0034] exist Figure 1 In this context, End-to-End Service refers to the bearer between the UE and the peer entity. It consists of two parts: the EPS bearer between the UE and the P-GW (PDN Gateway), and the external bearer between the P-GW and the peer entity. The peer entity refers to a device located in the data network, such as a real-time messaging server, video server, game server, or other service server. The P-GW is located in the core network, and its SGi interface with external data networks (such as the Internet, IMS, etc.) serves as the EPS anchor point.

[0035] EPS bearer is the bearer between UE and P-GW, which is divided into two segments: E-RAB (Evolved Radio Access Bearer) from UE to S-GW (Serving Gate Way) and S5 / S8 bearer from S-GW to P-GW.

[0036] E-RAB bearer is the bearer from UE to S-GW, which is divided into two segments: radio bearer from UE to base station (eNB) and S1 bearer from base station to S-GW.

[0037] EPS bearers can be divided into two types: default bearers and dedicated bearers. Dedicated bearers provide specific QoS for the UE to guarantee additional transmission requirements between the UE and the P-GW. The role of EPS bearers is to achieve more granular QoS control. Therefore, in an EPS system, the basic unit of QoS control is the EPS bearer. All SDFs (Synchronous Dataflows) on the same EPS bearer have the same QoS guarantees (e.g., rate, latency, and bit error rate). Different QoS guarantees require different types of EPS bearers to provide.

[0038] QoS characterizes a user's expectations for network quality. For example, for download services, a user expects high network speeds; for gaming services, a user expects low network latency; and for video and voice services, a user expects a stable network with a low bit error rate. 3GPP TS23.203 classifies QoS into multiple categories based on different user expectations, represented by QCI (QoS Class Identity). Different QCIs are applicable to different services. Table 1 shows the characteristic parameters of QCIs.

[0039] Table 1

[0040] Based on the QCI (Quality Controlled Interchange) or whether the rate is guaranteed, EPS (Earned Bit Rate) bearers can be divided into two main categories: GBR (Guaranteed Bit Rate) type and Non-GBR type. As shown in Table 1, EPS bearers with QCIs of 1-4 are of the GBR type, while EPS bearers with QCIs of 5-9 are of the Non-GBR type.

[0041] For GBR-type EPS bearers, the bit rate required by the EPS bearer is allocated "permanently" and constantly by the network, maintaining the corresponding bit rate even under conditions of network resource constraints. This type of EPS bearer can only be used for dedicated bearers, such as IMS (Interactive Multimedia Service) voice and IMS video in VoLTE (Voice over Long-Term Evolution or Voice over LTE).

[0042] For Non-GBR type EPS bearers, services need to withstand low speeds under network congestion. Since Non-GBR type EPS bearers do not require fixed network resources, they can be established for extended periods and are commonly used as default bearers, but can also be used for dedicated bearers, such as internet access services.

[0043] Taking IMS VoLTE service as an example, the default bearer of APN IMS has QCI=5, which is of the Non-GBR type; while the dedicated bearer used by IMS voice in VoLTE service has QCI=1 and the dedicated bearer used by IMS video has QCI=2, which are both of the GBR type. This is because VoLTE requires stable bandwidth to transmit IMS voice or IMS video data.

[0044] For GRB-type EPS bearers, there are two corresponding Quality of Service (QoS) parameters: GBR (Guaranteed Bit Rate) and MBR (Maximum Bit Rate). The GBR for an EPS bearer indicates the guaranteed bit rate provided to the EPS bearer, i.e., the lower limit of the transmission rate provided by the EPS bearer. The MBR sets the upper limit of the data transmission rate for services. If the data transmission rate of service data exceeds the MBR, the network will limit the rate through a traffic shaping algorithm. The value of MBR is generally not lower than the value of GBR. Each GBR-type EPS bearer has associated GBR and MBR parameters. Service data carried by GBR-type EPS bearers includes voice, streaming media, real-time gaming, and other data.

[0045] For Non-GBR type EPS bearers, the corresponding Quality of Service (QoS) parameters include AMBR (Aggregation Maximum Bit Rate). If the transmission rate on the EPS bearer exceeds the AMBR limit, the network may use traffic scaling algorithms on both the uplink and downlink to limit the rate. AMBR can be further subdivided into APN-AMBR (Aggregation Maximum Bit Rate per APN) and UE-AMBR (Aggregation Maximum Bit Rate per UE). APN-AMBR limits the sum of the rates that a UE can use for all Non-GBR bearers created under one APN; UE-AMBR limits the sum of the rates that a UE can use for all Non-GBR bearers.

[0046] Different types of services have different network requirements. Some services, such as live streaming and video conferencing, require a stable network speed to ensure a good user experience. As more and more services run on the 4G system, the load on the 4G network is also increasing. The service quality of these services with specific network requirements is often not met, such as the frequent buffering issues when watching live streams.

[0047] To address this issue, telecom operators, such as China Mobile and China Telecom, have opened up QoS acceleration capabilities in their 4G systems. This allows them to establish dedicated QoS bearers with a QCI of 4 for specific users' services. For example, users can purchase bandwidth-guaranteed QoS services with uplink and downlink speeds of 4Mbps. This ensures that even when the base station is under heavy load, the 4G network can still guarantee bandwidth for this specific service, ensuring that the uplink and downlink transmission rates are no less than 4Mbps.

[0048] With the development of the internet, real-time data streams, and the diversification of connected devices, driven by demands for search services, social networks, mobile commerce, and open collaboration, cloud computing has rapidly emerged. Unlike previous parallel distributed computing, cloud computing will fundamentally revolutionize the entire internet model and enterprise management model. For services with high real-time requirements, such as cloud conferencing, live streaming, and cloud gaming, dedicated bearers are typically established for terminals through QoS acceleration services to improve data transmission rates and ensure data transfer speeds.

[0049] In practice, it has been found that a significant peak-shaving problem exists during data transmission using dedicated bearers established for terminals by QoS acceleration services. For example, if a dedicated bearer for accelerating live video data stream transmission is established for a terminal using QoS acceleration services, and the corresponding GBR (Guided Base Rate) is 4Mbps and the MBR (Mean Base Rate) is 4.5Mbps; if the average bitrate of a live video stream is 3Mbps, and encoding methods such as H.264 are used, the bitrate fluctuates, potentially exceeding 4.5Mbps at certain times. This peak-shaving during transmission over the 4G network results in packet loss, and even if the required transmission rate exceeds 4.5Mbps, the video stream will still be throttled to 4.5Mbps. Therefore, existing technologies suffer from peak-shaving and packet loss issues due to MBR rate throttling during data transmission over dedicated bearers. To address this problem, the solution proposed in this application is proposed.

[0050] Figure 2 This is a timing diagram illustrating a data transmission method according to an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 2 As shown, after establishing a dedicated bearer for the terminal, the method includes steps 210-260, wherein steps 210-240 are executed by the terminal, and steps 250-260 are executed by the target aggregation node: Step 210: After establishing a dedicated bearer for the terminal, determine the first required bandwidth corresponding to the first target data to be transmitted to the target service terminal.

[0051] The terminal can be a user device such as a smartphone, in-vehicle device, smartwatch, smart speaker, or smart home device, without any specific limitations.

[0052] The target service terminal refers to electronic devices in the data network (DN) that provide service services, such as instant messaging servers that provide instant voice services, instant video call services, video servers that provide video services (e.g., live streaming servers, video playback servers, etc.), game servers that provide game services, AR (Augmented Reality) servers, VR (Virtual Reality) servers, etc., without specific limitations here.

[0053] In this application, for ease of distinction, the data that the terminal needs to transmit to the target service server is referred to as the first target data; the bandwidth required to transmit the first target data is referred to as the first required bandwidth. Specifically, the first target data can be the data that needs to be transmitted in the real-time service data stream. The first required bandwidth can be calculated by dividing the amount of the first target data by the required transmission duration corresponding to the first target data.

[0054] Step 220: If the first required bandwidth exceeds the maximum uplink bandwidth corresponding to the dedicated bearer, the first target data is segmented according to the maximum uplink bandwidth corresponding to the dedicated bearer to obtain the first segment data and the second segment data, wherein the bandwidth required to transmit the first segment data does not exceed the maximum uplink bandwidth.

[0055] In this application, the dedicated bearer established for the terminal is a GBR type bearer. In other words, this dedicated bearer is established to guarantee the data transmission bandwidth (also known as the transmission rate). Therefore, after establishing the dedicated bearer for the terminal, the dedicated bearer is associated with a maximum bandwidth (which is the MBR mentioned above). Since this dedicated bearer can be used to carry data transmitted from the terminal to the target service terminal (i.e., uplink transmission) and data transmitted from the target service terminal to the terminal (i.e., downlink transmission), the maximum bandwidth associated with the dedicated bearer includes the maximum bandwidth of the dedicated bearer corresponding to the uplink transmission direction and the maximum bandwidth of the dedicated bearer corresponding to the downlink transmission direction.

[0056] In this application, for ease of distinction, the maximum bandwidth of the dedicated bearer corresponding to the uplink transmission direction is referred to as the maximum uplink bandwidth of the dedicated bearer, and the maximum bandwidth of the dedicated bearer corresponding to the downlink transmission direction is referred to as the maximum downlink bandwidth of the dedicated bearer.

[0057] For uplink transmission, since the operator only provides the maximum uplink bandwidth corresponding to the dedicated bearer, if the first required bandwidth exceeds the maximum uplink bandwidth corresponding to the dedicated bearer, packet loss due to peak shaving may occur as in related technologies. Therefore, in this application, after determining that the first required bandwidth exceeds the maximum uplink bandwidth corresponding to the dedicated bearer, the first target service data is segmented to distribute the first target service data across the dedicated bearer and the default bearer for transmission, thereby avoiding packet loss due to peak shaving.

[0058] Since the data transmission rate on the dedicated bearer is higher than that on the default bearer, in order to ensure the transmission efficiency of the first target data, the first target data can be segmented according to the maximum uplink bandwidth corresponding to the dedicated bearer. That is, the part of the first target data that meets the maximum uplink bandwidth is taken as the first segment data, and the part of the first target data that exceeds the maximum uplink bandwidth is taken as the second segment data. This ensures that the bandwidth required to transmit the first segment data does not exceed the maximum uplink bandwidth. Therefore, in the subsequent transmission of the first segment data through the dedicated bearer, there will be no packet loss due to peak shaving.

[0059] In other embodiments, a first bandwidth margin can be reserved for dedicated bearers based on the maximum uplink bandwidth, thereby further ensuring the effectiveness of the first segmented data transmission. This first bandwidth margin can be set according to actual needs and is not specifically limited here. In this case, the first target data is segmented based on the maximum uplink bandwidth and the first bandwidth margin. Specifically, the maximum uplink bandwidth is subtracted from the first bandwidth margin to obtain the first target bandwidth. Then, the first target data is segmented according to the first target bandwidth; that is, the portion of the first target data that meets the first target bandwidth is taken as the first segment data, and the portion of the first target data that exceeds the first target bandwidth is taken as the second segment data.

[0060] Step 230: Using the dedicated bearer established for the terminal, transmit the first segment data to the target aggregation node.

[0061] Step 240: Using the default bearer established for the terminal, transmit the second segment data to the target aggregation node.

[0062] A target aggregation node is a node specifically designated for data transmission between a terminal and a target service provider. This aggregation node refers to an electronic device located within the data network, such as a server. Communication between the terminal and the aggregation node requires traversing the core network of the mobile communication network.

[0063] After establishing a dedicated bearer for the terminal, the information of the target aggregation node (such as the network address of the target aggregation node) determined for the terminal can be sent to the terminal. Thus, when the terminal needs to send service data to the target service terminal, the service data is sent to the target aggregation node according to the network address of the target aggregation node.

[0064] Before transmitting the first segment of data, it is necessary to encapsulate the first segment of data into data packets according to the communication protocols supported by the terminal and the target service server. This communication protocol can be the one specified when applying to establish the dedicated bearer. Before step 230, the network address of the target aggregation node is used as the destination address, and the first segment of data is encapsulated into data packets according to the corresponding communication protocol.

[0065] Similarly, before transmitting the second segment data, the communication protocols supported by the terminal and the target service server encapsulate the second segment data into data packets. Before step 240, the network address of the target aggregation node is used as the destination address, and the second segment data is encapsulated into data packets according to the corresponding communication protocol.

[0066] For a terminal, data transmission requires a communication module (such as a 4G (4th Generation Mobile Communication Technology) module, a 5G (5th Generation Mobile Communication Technology) module, etc.). Therefore, the communication module needs to identify whether a data packet should be transmitted via a dedicated bearer or a default bearer based on the data packet itself. Thus, the data packet encapsulated from the first and second data segments carries information that allows the communication module to identify whether the data packet is transmitted via a dedicated bearer or a default bearer.

[0067] Understandably, since the ultimate recipient of the first target data is the target service, the data packets obtained by encapsulating the first and second data segments also include the network address of the target service. However, the data packets obtained by encapsulating the first and second data segments also include the network address of the target aggregation node, so that the first and second data segments can be transmitted to the target aggregation node first, and then forwarded to the target service by the target aggregation node.

[0068] In some embodiments, a dedicated bearer is established based on a first network address of the target aggregation node and a target communication protocol request; the target aggregation node also has a corresponding second network address, which is different from the first network address; in this embodiment, before step 230, the method further includes: using the first network address of the target aggregation node as the destination address, encapsulating the first segment data into data packets according to the target communication protocol to obtain a first data packet; before step 240, the method further includes: using the second network address of the target aggregation node as the destination address, encapsulating the second segment data into data packets according to the target communication protocol to obtain a second data packet; correspondingly, step 230 includes: using the dedicated bearer established for the terminal to send the first data packet to the target aggregation node; step 240 includes: using the default bearer established for the terminal to send the second data packet to the target aggregation node.

[0069] In this application, for ease of distinction, the data packet obtained by encapsulating the first segment data is referred to as the first data packet, and the data packet obtained by encapsulating the second segment data is referred to as the second data packet.

[0070] In this embodiment, since the dedicated bearer is established based on the first network address of the target aggregation node and the target communication protocol request, after the dedicated bearer is successfully established for the terminal, the first network address and the second network address of the target aggregation node are sent to the terminal. Thus, the terminal binds the dedicated bearer to the first network address of the target aggregation node. Therefore, the communication module in the terminal can identify whether the data packet needs to be transmitted through the dedicated bearer or the default bearer by the destination address corresponding to the data packet.

[0071] In this embodiment, since two different network addresses are maintained for the target aggregation node, and the first segment of data that needs to be sent via the dedicated bearer is encapsulated with the first network address of the target aggregation node as the destination address, and the second segment of data that needs to be transmitted via the default bearer is encapsulated with the second network address of the target aggregation node as the destination address, after the communication module in the terminal obtains the two data packets to be sent (the first data packet and the second data packet), it can identify which data packet is transmitted via the dedicated bearer and which data packet is transmitted via the default bearer by using the destination addresses corresponding to the first data packet and the second data packet. That is, if the communication module determines that the destination address corresponding to the data packet is the first network address of the target aggregation node, it determines that the data packet is transmitted via the dedicated bearer; if it determines that the destination address corresponding to the data packet is the second network address of the target aggregation node, it determines that the data packet is transmitted via the default bearer.

[0072] In other embodiments, the dedicated bearer is requested to be established based on the network address corresponding to the target aggregation node and the target communication protocol; in this embodiment, before step 230, the method further includes: using the network address of the target aggregation node as the destination address, encapsulating the first segment data into a data packet according to the target communication protocol to obtain a first data packet; before step 240, the method further includes: using the network address of the target aggregation node as the destination address, encapsulating the second segment data into a data packet according to the first communication protocol to obtain a second data packet; the first communication protocol is different from the target communication protocol; correspondingly, in this embodiment, step 230 includes: using the dedicated bearer established for the terminal to send the first data packet to the target aggregation node; Step 240 includes: sending the second data packet to the target aggregation node using the default bearer established for the terminal.

[0073] In this embodiment, since the dedicated bearer is requested to be established based on the network address corresponding to the target aggregation node and the target communication protocol, and the terminal and the service server also support another communication protocol (i.e., the first communication protocol), after establishing the dedicated bearer for the terminal, the dedicated bearer is bound to the target communication protocol. Based on this, the first segment data and the second segment data are encapsulated into data packets according to different communication protocols. Thus, the communication module in the terminal can determine the communication protocol corresponding to the data packet by parsing the packet header, and further determine whether the data packet is transmitted through the dedicated bearer or the default bearer; that is, if the communication module determines that the communication protocol corresponding to a data packet is the target communication protocol, then the data packet is determined to be transmitted through the dedicated bearer; if the communication module determines that the communication protocol corresponding to a data packet is the first communication protocol, then the data packet is determined to be transmitted through the default bearer.

[0074] In this embodiment, different communication protocols are used to identify data packets that need to be transmitted via a dedicated bearer and data packets that need to be transmitted via a default bearer. Therefore, it is not necessary to maintain two network addresses for the target aggregation node. In other words, in this case, the network address of the target aggregation node carried in the first data packet and the second data packet can be the same.

[0075] In one embodiment, the target communication protocol may be TCP (Transmission Control Protocol), and the first communication protocol may be UDP (User Datagram Protocol); of course, in other embodiments, TCP may be used as the first communication protocol and UDP as the target communication protocol.

[0076] In other embodiments, the dedicated bearer is requested to be established based on the first network address corresponding to the target aggregation node and the target communication protocol; the target aggregation node also has a corresponding second network address. In this embodiment, before step 220, the method further includes: using the first network address of the target aggregation node as the destination address, encapsulating the first segment data into a data packet according to the target communication protocol to obtain a first data packet; before step 230, the method further includes: using the second network address of the target aggregation node as the destination address, encapsulating the second segment data into a data packet according to the first communication protocol to obtain a second data packet; the first communication protocol is different from the target communication protocol; correspondingly, in this embodiment, step 220 includes: using the dedicated bearer established for the terminal to send the first data packet to the target aggregation node; step 230 includes: using the default bearer established for the terminal to send the second data packet to the target aggregation node.

[0077] In this case, the communication module in the terminal can identify whether a data packet needs to be transmitted through a dedicated bearer or through a default bearer by identifying the destination address and / or the communication protocol corresponding to the data packet.

[0078] In some embodiments, since the terminal may transmit the first target data to the target aggregation node across networks, in order to ensure that the first data packet and the second data packet can successfully pass through NAT devices between different networks, the terminal can perform tunnel encapsulation of the first segment data based on the target communication protocol during the data packet encapsulation process. Similarly, the terminal performs tunnel encapsulation of the second segment data based on the target communication protocol. Correspondingly, after receiving the first data packet and the second data packet, the target aggregation node first decapsulates the first data packet and the second data packet before performing subsequent processing.

[0079] In the scheme of this application, since the target aggregation node needs to reassemble the first segment data and the second segment data into the complete first target data, in order to facilitate the data combination by the target aggregation node, the first data packet and the second data packet also include the data identifier of the first target data (or the ID of the IP data packet). Thus, the target aggregation node can determine that the first data packet and the second data packet are segments from the same IP packet (i.e., the same data) based on the data identifier.

[0080] Furthermore, the first data packet also carries first position information indicating the position of the first segmented data in the first target data, and the second data packet also carries second position information indicating the position of the second segmented data in the first target data. The first data packet may also include first length information indicating the data length (e.g., the number of fields) of the first segmented data, and the second data packet may also include second length information indicating the data length of the second segmented data. Thus, the target aggregation node can reassemble the first segmented data and the second segmented data based on the first position information and first length information in the first data packet, and the second position information and second length information in the second data packet. Furthermore, the first and second data packets may also include a flag field indicating whether there are new segmented data following the corresponding segmented data. For example, if the first target data is sequentially segmented into first segmented data and second segmented data, where the second segmented data is the segmented data following the first segmented data, then the flag field in the first data packet indicates that there are new segmented data following the first segmented data; the flag field in the second data packet indicates that there are no new segmented data following the second segmented data. Therefore, the target aggregation node can determine the data packet used to reassemble and obtain the first target data based on the flag field in the first data packet and the second data packet.

[0081] In this context, the data identifier, first location information, first length information, and flag field in the first data packet can be located in the header (i.e., packet header) of the first data packet; similarly, the data identifier, second location information, second length information, and flag field in the second data packet can be located in the header (i.e., packet header) of the second data packet.

[0082] Step 250: Combine the first segment data and the second segment data to obtain the first target data.

[0083] As described above, the target aggregation node receives data packets (a first data packet containing first segment data and a second data packet containing second segment data). Therefore, after receiving the first and second data packets, the target aggregation node extracts the first segment data from the first data packet and the second segment data from the second data packet, as well as the first location information corresponding to the first segment data (the first location information is used to indicate the offset position of the first segment data in the first target data) from the first data packet, and the second location information corresponding to the second segment data (the second location information is used to indicate the offset position of the second segment data in the first target data) from the second data packet, along with the same data identifier in the first and second data packets and the corresponding flag field. The first and second segment data can be combined according to the corresponding first and second location information to obtain the first target data.

[0084] It is understandable that if the first data packet and the second data packet are encapsulated according to the tunneling protocol, then the first data packet and the second data packet are first decapsulated in the tunnel, and then the first segment data and the second segment data are extracted from them.

[0085] Step 260: Transmit the combined first target data to the target service terminal.

[0086] The first data packet and the second data packet also carry the network address of the target service terminal. Thus, the network address of the target service terminal is obtained from the first data packet and the second data packet, and the combined first target data is transmitted to the target service terminal accordingly.

[0087] In this application, when it is determined that the first required bandwidth of the first target data that the terminal needs to transmit to the target service exceeds the maximum uplink bandwidth of the dedicated bearer, the first target data is divided into a first segment data and a second segment data, so that the first target data is distributed to the dedicated bearer and the default bearer for transmission. In this way, it can be ensured that the bandwidth required to transmit the first segment data does not exceed the maximum uplink bandwidth of the dedicated bearer, while the second segment data that exceeds the maximum uplink bandwidth of the dedicated bearer is transmitted on the default bearer. Thus, the problem of packet loss due to peak shaving caused by the required bandwidth of the service data exceeding the maximum bandwidth of the dedicated bearer in related technologies can be solved.

[0088] Furthermore, by using the target aggregation node as a relay between the terminal and the target service, the target aggregation node combines the first and second segmented data to obtain the first target data, and then forwards the combined first target data to the target service, thus ensuring that the target service receives the complete first target data. If there is no relay between the terminal and the service, the service, after receiving the first segmented data transmitted via the dedicated bearer and the second segmented data transmitted via the default bearer, needs corresponding processing logic to combine the first and second segmented data into the complete first target data. This involves modifying the processing logic of the service; moreover, if this scheme needs to be implemented for multiple services, the processing logic of each service needs to be modified. In the solution proposed in this application, the target aggregation node is used as a relay between the terminal and the target business terminal. No modification to the processing logic of the business terminal is required. Moreover, the same target aggregation node can forward data to multiple business terminals. Therefore, by deploying the target aggregation node, it is not necessary to modify the processing logic for each business terminal. The implementation cost and difficulty of this solution are low, and it can be widely used for data transmission between terminals and business terminals.

[0089] Based on the establishment of a dedicated bearer, the amount by which the first bandwidth requirement of the first target data to be transmitted at the current moment exceeds the maximum uplink bandwidth corresponding to the dedicated bearer is not significant. Therefore, the portion of the first target data that meets the maximum uplink bandwidth requirement can be used as the first segment, and the portion exceeding the maximum uplink bandwidth can be used as the second segment. Subsequently, the larger first segment is transmitted through the dedicated bearer, while the smaller second segment is transmitted through the default bearer. Since the dedicated bearer in this application corresponds to a maximum uplink bandwidth, it indicates that the dedicated bearer is a GBR type bearer. The transmission rate guaranteed by this GBR type dedicated bearer is higher than that of the default bearer. Therefore, transmitting the larger first segment through the higher-rate dedicated bearer can effectively guarantee the transmission rate of the first target data and ensure the acceleration effect of the dedicated bearer on data transmission.

[0090] In some embodiments, before step 210, the method further includes: sending an acceleration request to an acceleration service node, the acceleration request including the network address of the terminal; receiving acceleration information returned by the acceleration service node, wherein after receiving the acceleration request, the acceleration service node requests the operator to establish a corresponding dedicated bearer for the terminal based on the network address of the target aggregation node allocated to the terminal, the requested bandwidth guarantee information and the target communication protocol, and generates acceleration information after determining that a dedicated bearer has been established.

[0091] This acceleration information serves two purposes: firstly, it indicates that a dedicated bearer has been successfully established for the terminal; secondly, it may include information related to the established dedicated bearer. This information may include the network address of the target aggregation node bound to the dedicated bearer (if two different network addresses are maintained for the target aggregation node, the bound network address is the first one), the target communication protocol, and the bandwidth information corresponding to the dedicated bearer. The bandwidth information may include guaranteed bit rate information and maximum bit rate information. The guaranteed bit rate information indicates the uplink and downlink guaranteed bit rates, while the maximum bit rate information indicates the uplink maximum bit rate (i.e., uplink maximum bandwidth) and downlink maximum bit rate (i.e., downlink maximum bandwidth). If two different network addresses are maintained for the target aggregation node, the acceleration information may also include the second network address of the target aggregation node. Based on this, the terminal can use this acceleration information to relay data between the terminal and the target service provider.

[0092] Figure 3 This is a timing diagram of a data transmission method according to another embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the method includes steps 210-320, wherein steps 210 and 310 are executed by the terminal, and step 320 is executed by the target aggregation node. The method includes: Step 210: After establishing a dedicated bearer for the terminal, determine the first required bandwidth corresponding to the first target data to be transmitted to the target service terminal.

[0093] Step 310: If it is determined that the first required bandwidth does not exceed the maximum uplink bandwidth corresponding to the dedicated bearer, then the first target data is transmitted to the target aggregation node using the dedicated bearer established for the terminal.

[0094] Since the first required bandwidth does not exceed the maximum uplink bandwidth corresponding to the dedicated bearer, transmitting the first target data through the dedicated bearer will not result in peak clipping or packet loss due to exceeding the maximum uplink bandwidth. Moreover, since the transmission rate on the dedicated bearer is normally faster than that on the default bearer, transmitting the first target data through the dedicated bearer can ensure accelerated transmission of the first target data.

[0095] Step 320: The target aggregation node forwards the first target data to the target business terminal.

[0096] In this embodiment, the first target data is also transmitted on a dedicated bearer in the form of data packets. Therefore, before step 310, the first target data needs to be encapsulated into data packets.

[0097] In some embodiments, if the dedicated bearer is established based on the first network address of the target aggregation node and the target communication protocol, and thus the dedicated bearer is bound to the first network address of the target aggregation node and the target communication protocol, then before step 310, the first target data is encapsulated into a data packet using the first network address of the target aggregation node as the destination address, according to the target communication protocol. Correspondingly, after the communication module in the terminal obtains the data packet to be sent, if it determines that the destination address corresponding to the data packet is the first network address of the target aggregation node, it determines to transmit the data packet through the dedicated bearer instead of through the default bearer.

[0098] In other embodiments, if the dedicated bearer is requested to be established based on the network address corresponding to the target aggregation node and the target communication protocol, then the dedicated bearer is bound to the network address of the target aggregation node and the target communication protocol. Therefore, before step 310, the first target data is encapsulated into a data packet according to the target communication protocol, using the network address of the target aggregation node as the destination address. Correspondingly, after the communication module in the terminal obtains the data packet to be sent, if it determines that the data packet is encapsulated according to the target communication protocol rather than the first communication protocol, it determines to transmit the data packet through the dedicated bearer instead of through the default bearer.

[0099] Similarly, the data packet obtained by encapsulating the first target data packet (for ease of description, this data packet is referred to as the fifth data packet) includes the network address of the target service terminal. Thus, after receiving the fifth data packet, the target aggregation node obtains the first target data packet from the fifth data packet and obtains the network address of the target service terminal. Then, according to the obtained network address of the target service terminal, it sends the first target data to the target service terminal.

[0100] In this embodiment, the header of the fifth data packet obtained by the terminal after encapsulating the first target data packet also includes a flag field. This flag field is used to indicate that there is no new segmented data after the data packet. Therefore, after receiving the fifth data packet, the target aggregation node does not need to wait for other data packets, and then sends the first target data to the target service terminal according to the network address of the target service terminal.

[0101] In some embodiments, since the terminal may transmit the first target data across networks during the transmission of the first target data to the target aggregation node, in order to ensure that the fifth data packet can successfully pass through NAT devices between different networks, the terminal may perform tunnel encapsulation on the first target data during the data packet encapsulation process based on the target communication protocol. Correspondingly, after receiving the fifth data packet, the target aggregation node shall first decapsulate the fifth data packet before forwarding it.

[0102] Compared to the default bearer, the data transmission rate on the dedicated bearer is faster. If the required bandwidth for the first target data does not exceed the maximum uplink bandwidth of the dedicated bearer, the first target data is transmitted to the target aggregation node using the dedicated bearer established for the terminal, instead of being distributed across the default bearer. Therefore, the transmission efficiency of the first target data can be guaranteed, and there will be no issues with peak clipping or packet loss.

[0103] Figure 4 This is a timing diagram illustrating a data transmission method according to another embodiment of this application, wherein this embodiment describes the process of a target service terminal transmitting data to a terminal, as shown below. Figure 4 As shown, the method includes steps 410-460, wherein steps 410-450 are executed by the target aggregation node, and step 460 is executed by the terminal: Step 410: After establishing a dedicated bearer for the terminal, receive the second target data that the target service terminal needs to transmit to the terminal.

[0104] Step 420: Determine the second required bandwidth corresponding to the second target data.

[0105] In this application, for ease of distinction, the service data that the target service terminal needs to transmit to the terminal is referred to as the second target data. That is, the final destination address of the data packet containing the second target data is the network address of the terminal. The bandwidth required to transmit the second target data is referred to as the second required bandwidth.

[0106] Step 430: If the second required bandwidth exceeds the downlink maximum bandwidth corresponding to the dedicated bearer, the second target data is segmented according to the downlink maximum bandwidth to obtain the third segment data and the fourth segment data; wherein the bandwidth required to transmit the third segment data does not exceed the downlink maximum bandwidth.

[0107] After successfully establishing a dedicated bearer for the terminal, the bandwidth guarantee information corresponding to the dedicated bearer can be sent to the target aggregation node. The bandwidth guarantee information corresponding to the dedicated bearer can include the downlink maximum bandwidth corresponding to the dedicated bearer. Thus, the target aggregation node can determine whether the second required bandwidth exceeds the downlink maximum bandwidth based on the downlink maximum bandwidth corresponding to the dedicated bearer, and segment the second target data based on the downlink maximum bandwidth.

[0108] If the second required bandwidth exceeds the maximum downlink bandwidth corresponding to the dedicated bearer, it indicates that the second required bandwidth exceeds the maximum bandwidth guaranteed by the operator for the dedicated bearer in the downlink transmission direction. In this case, if the second target data is transmitted solely through the dedicated bearer, packet loss due to peak shaving may occur. Therefore, if the second required bandwidth exceeds the maximum downlink bandwidth corresponding to the dedicated bearer, the second target data is segmented and distributed across the dedicated bearer and the default bearer for transmission to avoid packet loss due to peak shaving.

[0109] Since the data transmission rate on a dedicated bearer is higher than that on the default bearer, to ensure the transmission efficiency of the second target data, it can be segmented according to the maximum downlink bandwidth corresponding to the dedicated bearer. Specifically, the portion of the second target data that meets the maximum downlink bandwidth is designated as the third segment, and the portion exceeding the maximum downlink bandwidth is designated as the fourth segment. This ensures that the bandwidth required to transmit the third segment does not exceed the maximum downlink bandwidth, thus preventing packet loss due to peak clipping during subsequent transmission of the third segment via the dedicated bearer.

[0110] In other embodiments, a second bandwidth margin can be reserved for dedicated bearers based on the maximum downlink bandwidth, thereby further ensuring the effectiveness of the third segment data transmission. This second bandwidth margin can be set according to actual needs and is not specifically limited here. In this case, the second target data is segmented based on the maximum downlink bandwidth and the second bandwidth margin. Specifically, the maximum downlink bandwidth is subtracted from the second bandwidth margin to obtain the second target bandwidth. Then, the second target data is segmented according to the second target bandwidth; that is, the portion of the second target data that meets the second target bandwidth is used as the third segment data, and the portion of the second target data that exceeds the second target bandwidth is used as the fourth segment data.

[0111] Step 440: Use a dedicated bearer to transmit the third segment data to the terminal.

[0112] Step 450: Using the default bearer, transmit the fourth segment data to the terminal.

[0113] During transmission, the third and fourth data segments are transmitted in the form of data packets. Therefore, before step 440, the third data segment needs to be encapsulated into a data packet; before step 450, the fourth data segment needs to be encapsulated into a data packet. In this application, for ease of distinction, the data packet obtained by encapsulating the third data segment into a data packet is called the third data packet; the data packet obtained by encapsulating the fourth data segment into a data packet is called the fourth data packet.

[0114] The target aggregation node is equipped with a communication module (such as a 4G module or a 5G module), which is also used to send data. Correspondingly, after acquiring the data packet to be sent, the communication module needs to identify whether the data packet needs to be transmitted via a dedicated bearer or a default bearer. Therefore, the data packets encapsulated with the third and fourth data segments carry information that allows the communication module to identify whether the data packet is transmitted via a dedicated bearer or a default bearer.

[0115] In some embodiments, a dedicated bearer is requested to be established based on a first network address of the target aggregation node and a target communication protocol; the target aggregation node also has a second network address, which is different from the first network address; in this embodiment, before step 440, the method further includes: using the first network address of the target aggregation node as the sender address, encapsulating the third segment data into a data packet according to the target communication protocol to obtain a third data packet; before step 450, the method further includes: using the second network address of the target aggregation node as the sender address, encapsulating the fourth segment data into a data packet according to the target communication protocol to obtain a fourth data packet; correspondingly, step 440 includes: sending the third data packet to the terminal using the dedicated bearer; step 450 includes: sending the fourth data packet to the terminal using the default bearer.

[0116] In this embodiment, since the dedicated bearer is requested to be established based on the first network address of the target aggregation node and the target communication protocol, after the dedicated bearer is established, it is bound to the first network address and target communication protocol of the target aggregation node. The binding information with the dedicated bearer is then sent to the target aggregation node, allowing the target aggregation node to determine which of its network addresses corresponds to the dedicated bearer. Furthermore, the communication module in the target aggregation node can identify whether a data packet needs to be transmitted via the dedicated bearer or the default bearer by using the destination address corresponding to the data packet.

[0117] In this embodiment, since two different network addresses are maintained for the target aggregation node, and the third segment data that needs to be sent via the dedicated bearer is encapsulated with the first network address of the target aggregation node as the sender address (i.e., the source address), and the fourth segment data that needs to be transmitted via the default bearer is encapsulated with the second network address of the target aggregation node as the sender address, after the communication module in the target aggregation node obtains the two data packets (the third data packet and the fourth data packet) to be sent, if the communication module determines that the sender address corresponding to the data packet is the first network address of the target aggregation node, it determines to transmit the data packet via the dedicated bearer; if it determines that the sender address corresponding to the data packet is the second network address of the target aggregation node, it determines to transmit the data packet via the default bearer.

[0118] In other embodiments, the dedicated bearer is requested to be established based on the network address of the target aggregation node and the target communication protocol; in this embodiment, before step 440, the method further includes: using the network address of the target aggregation node as the sender address, encapsulating the third segment data into a data packet according to the target communication protocol to obtain a third data packet; before step 450, the method further includes: using the network address of the target aggregation node as the sender address, encapsulating the fourth segment data into a data packet according to the second communication protocol to obtain a fourth data packet; correspondingly, step 440 includes: using the dedicated bearer to send the third data packet to the terminal; step 450 includes: using the default bearer to send the fourth data packet to the terminal.

[0119] In this embodiment, since the dedicated bearer is requested to be established based on the network address corresponding to the target aggregation node and the target communication protocol, the dedicated bearer is bound to the network address corresponding to the target aggregation node and the target communication protocol. Based on this, the third and fourth segment data are encapsulated according to different communication protocols. Thus, the communication module in the target aggregation node can determine the communication protocol corresponding to the data packet by parsing the packet header. If the communication module determines that the communication protocol corresponding to a data packet is the target communication protocol, it determines that the data packet needs to be transmitted through the dedicated bearer; if the communication module determines that the communication protocol corresponding to a data packet is the first communication protocol, it determines that the data packet needs to be transmitted through the default bearer.

[0120] In this embodiment, different communication protocols are used to identify data packets that need to be transmitted via a dedicated bearer and data packets that need to be transmitted via a default bearer. Therefore, it is not necessary to maintain two network addresses for the target aggregation node. In other words, in this case, the network address of the target aggregation node carried in the first data packet and the second data packet can be the same.

[0121] In one embodiment, the target communication protocol may be TCP (Transmission Control Protocol), and the first communication protocol may be UDP (User Datagram Protocol); of course, in other embodiments, TCP may be used as the first communication protocol and UDP as the target communication protocol.

[0122] In other embodiments, the dedicated bearer is requested to be established based on the first network address corresponding to the target aggregation node and the target communication protocol; the target aggregation node also has a corresponding second network address. In this embodiment, before step 440, the method further includes: using the first network address of the target aggregation node as the sender address, encapsulating the third segment data into a data packet according to the target communication protocol to obtain a third data packet; before step 450, the method further includes: using the second network address of the target aggregation node as the sender address, encapsulating the second segment data into a data packet according to the first communication protocol to obtain a fourth data packet; the first communication protocol is different from the target communication protocol; correspondingly, in this embodiment, step 440 includes: using the dedicated bearer established for the terminal to send the third data packet to the terminal; step 450 includes: using the default bearer established for the terminal to send the fourth data packet to the terminal.

[0123] In this embodiment, the communication module in the terminal can identify whether a data packet needs to be transmitted through a dedicated bearer or through a default bearer by identifying the sender address corresponding to the data packet or the communication protocol corresponding to the data packet.

[0124] In some embodiments, since the target aggregation node may involve cross-network transmission during the transmission of the second segment data to the terminal, to ensure that the third and fourth data packets can successfully traverse NAT (Network Address Translation) devices between different networks, the target aggregation node performs tunnel encapsulation during the data packet encapsulation process for the third and fourth segment data. Specifically, if the communication module in the target aggregation node identifies the bearer corresponding to the data packet using a communication protocol, then the third segment data is tunnel encapsulated based on the target communication protocol, and the fourth segment data is tunnel encapsulated based on the first communication protocol; if the communication module in the target aggregation node identifies the bearer corresponding to the data packet using the sender address, then the third segment data is tunnel encapsulated based on the target communication protocol, and the fourth segment data is tunnel encapsulated based on the target communication protocol. In this case, after receiving the third and fourth data packets, the terminal first de-tunnel encapsulates the third and fourth data packets before proceeding with subsequent processing.

[0125] In the scheme of this application, since the terminal needs to reassemble the third segment data and the fourth segment data into complete second target data, in order to facilitate the terminal to combine the data, the third data packet and the fourth data packet also include the data identifier (or the ID of the IP data packet) of the second target data. Thus, the terminal can determine that the third data packet and the fourth data packet are segments from the same IP packet (i.e. the same data) based on the data identifier. In other words, the data parts in the third data packet and the fourth data packet both come from the second target data.

[0126] Furthermore, the third data packet also carries third position information indicating the position of the third segment data within the second target data, and the fourth data packet also carries fourth position information indicating the position of the fourth segment data within the second target data. The third data packet may also include third length information indicating the data length (e.g., the number of fields) of the third segment data, and the fourth data packet may also include fourth length information indicating the data length of the fourth segment data. Thus, the terminal can reassemble the third and fourth segment data based on the third position information and third length information in the third data packet, and the fourth position information and fourth length information in the fourth data packet. Furthermore, the third and fourth data packets may also include a flag field indicating whether there are new segment data following the corresponding segment data. For example, if the second target data is sequentially segmented into third and fourth segment data, where the fourth segment data follows the third segment data, then the flag field in the third data packet indicates that there are new segment data following the third segment data; the flag field in the fourth data packet indicates that there are no new segment data following the fourth segment data. Therefore, the terminal can determine the data packet used to reassemble and obtain the second target data based on the flag fields in the third and fourth data packets. The data identifier, third location information, third length information, and flag fields in the third data packet can be located in the header (i.e., the packet header); similarly, the data identifier, fourth location information, fourth length information, and flag fields in the fourth data packet can be located in the header (i.e., the packet header).

[0127] Step 460: Combine the third segment data and the fourth segment data to obtain the second target data.

[0128] For the terminal, what it receives are data packets (a third data packet containing third segment data and a fourth data packet containing fourth segment data). Therefore, after receiving the third and fourth data packets, the terminal extracts the third segment data from the third data packet and the fourth segment data from the fourth data packet, respectively. It also extracts the third position information corresponding to the third segment data from the third data packet (the third position information is used to indicate the offset position of the third segment data in the second target data) and the fourth position information corresponding to the fourth segment data from the fourth data packet (the fourth position information is used to indicate the offset position of the fourth segment data in the second target data). Based on this, the third and fourth segment data can be combined according to the corresponding third and fourth position information to obtain the second target data.

[0129] It is understandable that if the target aggregation node performs tunnel encapsulation during the process of encapsulating the third and fourth data segments, the terminal will first detune the third and fourth data segments after receiving them.

[0130] In some embodiments, before step 410, the method further includes receiving acceleration information sent by the acceleration service node; after the acceleration service node requests to establish a dedicated bearer for the terminal in response to the terminal's acceleration request, it generates acceleration information based on the network address of the target aggregation node allocated to the terminal, the target communication protocol, and the bandwidth information corresponding to the dedicated bearer.

[0131] Similarly, this acceleration information serves two purposes: firstly, it indicates that a dedicated bearer has been successfully established for the terminal; secondly, it may include information related to the established dedicated bearer. This information may include the network address of the target aggregation node bound to the dedicated bearer (if two different network addresses are maintained for the target aggregation node, the bound address is the first network address), the target communication protocol, and the bandwidth information corresponding to the dedicated bearer. The bandwidth information may include guaranteed bit rate information and maximum bit rate information. The guaranteed bit rate information indicates the uplink and downlink guaranteed bit rates, while the maximum bit rate information indicates the uplink maximum bit rate (i.e., uplink maximum bandwidth) and downlink maximum bit rate (i.e., downlink maximum bandwidth). If two different network addresses are maintained for the target aggregation node, the acceleration information may also include the second network address of the target aggregation node. Based on this, the target aggregation node can use this acceleration information to relay data between the terminal and the target service.

[0132] Figure 5This is a timing diagram illustrating the data transmission direction according to another embodiment of this application. This embodiment describes the process of data transmission from the target service terminal to the terminal. This embodiment can be executed by the target aggregation node, such as... Figure 5 As shown, it specifically includes: Step 410: After establishing a dedicated bearer for the terminal, receive the second target data that the target service terminal needs to transmit to the terminal.

[0133] Step 420: Determine the second required bandwidth corresponding to the second target data.

[0134] Step 510: If the second required bandwidth does not exceed the maximum downlink bandwidth corresponding to the dedicated bearer, then the second target data is transmitted to the terminal using the dedicated bearer established for the terminal.

[0135] Since the second required bandwidth does not exceed the maximum downlink bandwidth corresponding to the dedicated bearer, transmitting the second target data through the dedicated bearer will not result in peak clipping or packet loss due to exceeding the maximum downlink bandwidth. Moreover, since the transmission rate on the dedicated bearer is normally faster than that on the default bearer, transmitting the second target data through the dedicated bearer can ensure accelerated transmission of the second target data.

[0136] In this embodiment, the second target data is also transmitted on a dedicated bearer in the form of data packets. Therefore, before step 510, the second target data needs to be encapsulated into data packets.

[0137] In some embodiments, if the dedicated bearer is established based on the first network address of the target aggregation node and the target communication protocol, and thus the dedicated bearer is bound to the first network address of the target aggregation node and the target communication protocol, then before step 510, the second target data is encapsulated into data packets according to the target communication protocol using the first network address of the target aggregation node as the sender address. Correspondingly, after the communication module in the target aggregation node obtains the data packet to be sent, if it determines that the sender address corresponding to the data packet is the first network address of the target aggregation node, it determines to transmit the data packet through the dedicated bearer instead of through the default bearer.

[0138] In other embodiments, if the dedicated bearer is requested to be established based on the network address of the target aggregation node and the target communication protocol, then the dedicated bearer is bound to the network address of the target aggregation node and the target communication protocol. Therefore, before step 510, the second target data is encapsulated into a data packet according to the target communication protocol, using the network address of the target aggregation node as the sender address. Correspondingly, after the communication module in the target aggregation node obtains the data packet to be sent, if it determines that the data packet is encapsulated according to the target communication protocol and not the first communication protocol, it determines to transmit the data packet through the dedicated bearer instead of through the default bearer.

[0139] The target aggregation node also includes a flag field in the header of the sixth data packet obtained by encapsulating the second target data packet. This flag field is used to indicate that there is no new segmented data after this data. Therefore, after receiving the sixth data packet, the terminal does not need to wait for other data packets, and then obtains the second target data from the sixth data packet for subsequent processing.

[0140] In some embodiments, since the target aggregation node may transmit the second target data across networks during the transmission of the second target data to the terminal, in order to ensure that the sixth data packet can successfully pass through NAT devices between different networks, the target aggregation node may perform tunnel encapsulation on the second target data based on the target communication protocol during the data packet encapsulation process. Correspondingly, after receiving the sixth data packet, the terminal should first decapsulate the sixth data packet before proceeding with subsequent processing.

[0141] Compared to the default bearer, the data transmission rate on the dedicated bearer is faster. Provided that the second required bandwidth corresponding to the second target data does not exceed the maximum downlink bandwidth corresponding to the dedicated bearer, the target aggregation node uses the dedicated bearer established for the terminal to transmit the second target data to the terminal, instead of distributing the second target data across the default bearer. Therefore, the transmission efficiency of the second target data can be guaranteed, and there will be no issues with peak clipping or packet loss.

[0142] Figure 6 This is a timing diagram illustrating the establishment of a dedicated bearer for a terminal according to an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 6 As shown, it includes: Step 610: The terminal sends an acceleration request to the acceleration service node.

[0143] The acceleration request may include terminal information, including the terminal's network address. Furthermore, the acceleration request may also include the service identifier of the service for which the terminal requests QoS acceleration. Additionally, the user may select the required bandwidth in the terminal's user interface. In this case, the acceleration request may also include the selected required bandwidth, which indicates the bandwidth to be guaranteed. This required bandwidth may be a guaranteed bit rate or a maximum bit rate. Subsequently, the user requests the service provider to determine this required bandwidth as the guaranteed bandwidth (guaranteed bit rate or maximum bit rate) corresponding to the dedicated bearer.

[0144] An acceleration service node refers to a device that forwards acceleration requests from a terminal to the operator's service provider. This acceleration service node can be a device located in a data network, such as a server or cloud server.

[0145] Step 620: Accelerate the service node to allocate the target aggregation node to the terminal.

[0146] In this application, the acceleration service node is used not only to forward acceleration requests initiated by the terminal, but also to allocate aggregation nodes to the terminal. In this application, the aggregation node allocated to the terminal in response to the terminal's acceleration request is referred to as the target aggregation node.

[0147] The acceleration service node can store node information for multiple aggregation nodes, including their location information. Based on this, the acceleration service node can select the aggregation node closest to the terminal as the target aggregation node.

[0148] When data transmission needs to be performed simultaneously via a dedicated bearer and a default bearer, the data transmission rate on the dedicated bearer is higher than that on the default bearer. The distance between the terminal and the target aggregation node theoretically affects the time difference between the first and second data packets received by the target aggregation node (and also the time difference between the third and fourth data packets received by the terminal). That is, the farther the distance between the terminal and the target aggregation node, the longer the time required for data transmission between the terminal and the target aggregation node, and the greater the time difference between the first and second data packets received by the target aggregation node. Therefore, using the aggregation node closest to the terminal as the target aggregation node can reduce the impact of the slower transmission rate on the default bearer, which prolongs the time for data transmission to the target service.

[0149] In some embodiments, if the acceleration request includes a service identifier of a business service, the acceleration service node can determine the address information of the target business terminal based on the service identifier of the business service, and then use the aggregation node closest to the target business terminal as the target aggregation node.

[0150] In other embodiments, to avoid excessive data transfer pressure on the aggregation node, an aggregation node can be selected from the idle aggregation nodes as the target aggregation node.

[0151] Step 630: The acceleration service node sends a dedicated load establishment request to the operator service provider based on the network address of the target aggregation node, the network address of the terminal, the target communication protocol, and the requested bandwidth guarantee information.

[0152] In some embodiments, bandwidth guarantee information may refer to the selected required bandwidth carried in the acceleration request. In other embodiments, the acceleration service node may also maintain guaranteed bandwidth corresponding to each service. In this case, the acceleration service node may use the guaranteed bandwidth corresponding to the service identifier carried in the acceleration request as the bandwidth indicated by the bandwidth guarantee information. The bandwidth indicated by the bandwidth guarantee information may include bandwidth corresponding to uplink transmission and bandwidth corresponding to downlink transmission.

[0153] The operator service provider refers to the equipment that can be used to allocate bearers in a mobile network, such as the server of the network bearer resource provider.

[0154] In some embodiments, if the communication module in the terminal or the communication module in the aggregation node determines whether the data packet to be sent is transmitted via a dedicated bearer or a default bearer based on the network address of the target aggregation node, the acceleration service node can maintain two different network addresses for each aggregation node: a first network address and a second network address. In this case, the network address of the target aggregation node in the dedicated bearer establishment request is the first network address of the target aggregation node. This facilitates binding the established dedicated bearer with the target communication protocol and the first network address of the target aggregation node after establishing the dedicated bearer for the terminal.

[0155] In other embodiments, if the communication module in the terminal or the communication module in the aggregation node determines whether the data packet to be sent is transmitted via a dedicated bearer or a default bearer through a communication protocol, the acceleration service node can maintain a network address for each aggregation node.

[0156] Step 640: The operator responds to the dedicated bearer establishment request and establishes a dedicated bearer for the terminal.

[0157] Step 650: The operation service returns a success message to the acceleration service node.

[0158] Step 660: The acceleration service node sends acceleration information to the terminal.

[0159] Step 670: The acceleration service node sends acceleration information to the target aggregation node.

[0160] This acceleration success message indicates that the dedicated bearer has been successfully established. This acceleration information serves two purposes: firstly, it indicates that a dedicated bearer has been successfully established for the terminal; secondly, it may include information related to the established dedicated bearer. This information may include the network address of the target aggregation node bound to the dedicated bearer (if two different network addresses are maintained for the target aggregation node, the bound network address is the first one), the target communication protocol, and the bandwidth information corresponding to the dedicated bearer. The bandwidth information corresponding to the dedicated bearer may include guaranteed bit rate information and maximum bit rate information. The guaranteed bit rate information indicates the uplink guaranteed bit rate and downlink guaranteed bit rate, while the maximum bit rate information indicates the uplink maximum bit rate (i.e., uplink maximum bandwidth) and downlink maximum bit rate (i.e., downlink maximum bandwidth).

[0161] Acceleration information is sent to both the terminal and the target aggregation node. Therefore, in subsequent processes, if the terminal needs to send first target data to the target service, it can transmit the first target data according to the method of this application, based on the network address of the target aggregation node and its corresponding maximum uplink bandwidth provided in the acceleration information. Similarly, after receiving the second target data that the target service needs to transmit to the terminal, the target aggregation node can transmit the second target data according to the method of this application.

[0162] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating data transmission between a terminal and a target service terminal according to an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 7 As shown, the acceleration service node and the target aggregation node are deployed in the cloud. In this embodiment, two different network addresses are maintained for each aggregation node, for example... Figure 7 The target aggregation node maintains a first network address and a second network address. The acceleration service node can be a QoS service backend service that provides QoS acceleration services.

[0163] When a terminal needs to accelerate data transmission, it can send an acceleration request to the acceleration service node. Subsequently, the acceleration service node can determine the nearest aggregation node as the target aggregation node based on the acceleration request initiated by the terminal, and send a dedicated load connection request to the operator service provider according to the first network address of the target aggregation node. The acceleration-related parameters are transmitted through this dedicated load connection request.

[0164] In related technologies, the following information is typically transmitted to the service provider: the terminal's IP address, the target service server's IP address, the target communication protocol name, and the requested guaranteed bandwidth information (e.g., 4Mbps uplink + 4Mbps downlink). This guaranteed bandwidth information indicates the requested guaranteed uplink and downlink bit rates.

[0165] In this application, in order to relay the data transmitted between the terminal and the target service terminal through the target aggregation node, the acceleration-related parameters carried in the dedicated load establishment request sent by the acceleration service node include: the IP address of the terminal, the first network address of the target aggregation node, the protocol name of the target communication protocol, and the requested guaranteed bandwidth information.

[0166] Subsequently, based on the terminal's IP address, the first network address of the target aggregation node, the protocol name of the target communication protocol, and the requested guaranteed bandwidth information, the operator establishes a dedicated bearer between the terminal and the mobile communication network (such as 4G network or 5G network) corresponding to the guaranteed bandwidth information. After successfully establishing the dedicated bearer, the operator sends an acceleration success notification message to the acceleration service node.

[0167] Upon receiving a successful acceleration notification, the acceleration service node sends acceleration information to the terminal and the target aggregation node. This acceleration information includes the first network address and second network address of the target aggregation node, as well as guaranteed bandwidth information. The guaranteed bandwidth information includes the uplink guaranteed bandwidth and downlink guaranteed bandwidth corresponding to the dedicated bearer. The uplink guaranteed bandwidth can be the uplink guaranteed bit rate (or uplink guaranteed bandwidth) and the uplink maximum bit rate (or uplink maximum bandwidth), and the downlink guaranteed bandwidth can be the downlink guaranteed bit rate (or downlink guaranteed bandwidth) and the downlink maximum bit rate (or downlink maximum bandwidth).

[0168] Upon receiving acceleration information, the QoS acceleration control unit in the terminal determines that the dedicated bearer has been successfully established. Subsequently, it configures the rate-limiting unit, acceleration transmission unit, and normal transmission unit within the terminal. Specifically, the QoS acceleration control unit transmits guaranteed bandwidth information to the rate-limiting control unit, passes the first network address of the target aggregation node to the acceleration transmission unit, and passes the second network address of the target aggregation node to the normal transmission unit. It is worth noting that the QoS acceleration control unit, rate-limiting unit, acceleration transmission unit, and normal transmission unit can be functional modules within the terminal.

[0169] In the uplink direction, the rate-limiting function unit, based on the maximum uplink bandwidth corresponding to the dedicated bearer, determines that if the first required bandwidth of the first target data to be transmitted to the target service exceeds the maximum uplink bandwidth, then the first target data is segmented. The portion of the first target data that meets the maximum uplink bandwidth is taken as the first segment data, and the portion that exceeds the maximum uplink bandwidth is taken as the second segment data. The first segment data is then transmitted to the accelerated transmission unit, and the second segment data is transmitted to the ordinary transmission unit. Upon receiving the first segment data, the accelerated transmission unit performs IP tunnel encapsulation according to the target communication protocol and sets the destination address of the encapsulated data packet to the first network address of the accelerated aggregation node, thus obtaining the first data packet. Upon receiving the second segment data, the ordinary transmission unit performs IP tunnel encapsulation according to the target communication protocol and sets the destination address of the encapsulated data packet to the second network address of the accelerated aggregation node, thus obtaining the second data packet.

[0170] Subsequently, the accelerated transmission unit sends the first data packet to the terminal's communication module (which can be a 4G module), and the normal transmission unit sends the second data packet to the terminal's communication module. Depending on the destination address, the terminal's communication module identifies the first data packet as data requiring transmission via a dedicated bearer and the second data packet as data requiring transmission via a default bearer. Therefore, the communication module transmits the first data packet to the target aggregation node via the dedicated bearer and the second data packet to the target aggregation node via the default bearer.

[0171] After receiving the first data packet transmitted via the dedicated bearer and the second data packet transmitted via the default bearer, the target acceleration aggregation point de-tunnels and encapsulates the first and second data packets. Then, it combines the first segment data in the first data packet and the second segment data in the second data packet to obtain the complete first target data. After that, it sends the first target data to the target service terminal according to the network address of the target service terminal.

[0172] In the downlink transmission direction, the second target data that the target service needs to transmit to the terminal can be sent to the target aggregation node first, and then the target aggregation node will distribute the second target data to the dedicated bearer and the default bearer for transmission. The specific process of uplink transmission is similar and will not be described in detail here.

[0173] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating data transmission between a terminal and a target service terminal according to another embodiment of this application. In this embodiment, two different communication protocols are supported between the terminal and the target aggregation node. In this case, it is not necessary to maintain two different network addresses for the aggregation node.

[0174] When a terminal needs to accelerate data transmission, it can send an acceleration request to the acceleration service node. Subsequently, the acceleration service node can determine the nearest aggregation node as the target aggregation node based on the acceleration request initiated by the terminal, and send a dedicated load connection request to the operator service provider according to the network address of the target aggregation node. The acceleration-related parameters are transmitted through this dedicated load connection request.

[0175] In this embodiment, in order to relay the data transmitted between the terminal and the target service terminal through the target aggregation node, the acceleration-related parameters carried in the dedicated load establishment request sent by the acceleration service node include: the terminal's IP address, the network address of the target aggregation node, the protocol name of the target communication protocol, and the requested guaranteed bandwidth information.

[0176] Subsequently, the operator establishes a dedicated bearer corresponding to the guaranteed bandwidth information between the terminal and the mobile communication network (such as 4G network or 5G network) based on the terminal's IP address, the network address of the target aggregation node, the protocol name of the target communication protocol, and the requested guaranteed bandwidth information. After successfully establishing the dedicated bearer, the operator sends an acceleration success notification message to the acceleration service node.

[0177] Upon receiving a successful acceleration notification, the acceleration service node sends acceleration information to the terminal and the target aggregation node. This acceleration information includes the network address of the target aggregation node, the protocol name of the target communication protocol, and guaranteed bandwidth information. The guaranteed bandwidth information includes the uplink guaranteed bandwidth and downlink guaranteed bandwidth corresponding to the dedicated bearer. The uplink guaranteed bandwidth can be the uplink guaranteed bit rate (or uplink guaranteed bandwidth) and the uplink maximum bit rate (or uplink maximum bandwidth), and the downlink guaranteed bandwidth can be the downlink guaranteed bit rate (or downlink guaranteed bandwidth) and the downlink maximum bit rate (or downlink maximum bandwidth).

[0178] After receiving the acceleration information, the QoS acceleration control unit in the terminal can determine that the dedicated bearer has been successfully established. Subsequently, it configures the rate limiting unit, the accelerated transmission unit, and the normal transmission unit in the terminal. Specifically, the QoS acceleration control unit transmits the guaranteed bandwidth information to the rate limiting control unit, passes the network address of the target aggregation node and the protocol name of the target communication protocol to the accelerated transmission unit, and passes the network address of the target aggregation node and the protocol name of the first communication protocol to the normal transmission unit. If the target communication protocol is UDP, the first communication protocol can be TCP; if the target communication protocol is TCP, the first communication protocol can be UDP.

[0179] In the uplink direction, the rate limiting function unit determines, based on the maximum uplink bandwidth corresponding to the dedicated bearer, that the first required bandwidth of the first target data to be transmitted to the target service exceeds the maximum uplink bandwidth. If this first target data exceeds the maximum uplink bandwidth, the unit segments the first target data. The portion of the first target data that meets the maximum uplink bandwidth requirement is designated as the first segment, and the portion exceeding the maximum uplink bandwidth is designated as the second segment. The first segment is then transmitted to the accelerated transmission unit, and the second segment is transmitted to the normal transmission unit.

[0180] After receiving the first data segment, the accelerated sending unit performs IP tunnel encapsulation according to the target communication protocol and sets the destination address of the encapsulated data packet to the network address of the target aggregation node, thus obtaining the first data packet. After receiving the second data segment, the ordinary sending unit performs IP tunnel encapsulation according to the first communication protocol and sets the destination address of the encapsulated data packet to the network address of the target aggregation node, thus obtaining the second data packet.

[0181] Subsequently, the accelerated transmission unit sends the first data packet to the terminal's communication module (which can be a 4G module), and the normal transmission unit sends the second data packet to the terminal's communication module. Depending on the communication protocol, the terminal's communication module will identify the first data packet as data requiring transmission via a dedicated bearer and the second data packet as data requiring transmission via a default bearer. Therefore, the communication module transmits the first data packet to the target aggregation node via the dedicated bearer and the second data packet to the target aggregation node via the default bearer.

[0182] After receiving the first data packet transmitted via the dedicated bearer and the second data packet transmitted via the default bearer, the target acceleration aggregation point de-tunnels and encapsulates the first and second data packets according to the corresponding communication protocol. Then, it combines the first segment data in the first data packet and the second segment data in the second data packet to obtain the complete first target data. After that, it sends the first target data to the target service terminal according to the network address of the target service terminal.

[0183] In the downlink transmission direction, the second target data that the target service needs to transmit to the terminal can be sent to the target aggregation node first, and then the target aggregation node will distribute the second target data to the dedicated bearer and the default bearer for transmission. The specific process of uplink transmission is similar and will not be described in detail here.

[0184] Based on the above embodiments, the data to be transmitted between the terminal and the target service is distributed across dedicated bearers and a default bearer. The bandwidth required to transmit the first data packet will not exceed the maximum uplink bandwidth corresponding to the dedicated bearer; therefore, issues such as peak shaving and packet loss will not occur. No rate limiting is applied on the default bearer, so it can also transmit normally to the target aggregation node.

[0185] The following describes an apparatus embodiment of this application, which can be used to perform the methods described in the above embodiments of this application. For details not disclosed in the apparatus embodiments of this application, please refer to the method embodiments described in the above embodiments of this application.

[0186] Figure 9 This is a block diagram of a data transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of this application. This data transmission apparatus can be applied to a terminal, such as... Figure 9 As shown, the data transmission device includes: a first bandwidth requirement determination module 910, used to determine the first bandwidth requirement corresponding to the first target data to be transmitted to the target service terminal after establishing a dedicated bearer for the terminal; a first segmentation module 920, used to segment the first target data according to the maximum uplink bandwidth corresponding to the dedicated bearer if the first bandwidth requirement exceeds the maximum uplink bandwidth corresponding to the dedicated bearer, to obtain first segmented data and second segmented data, wherein the bandwidth required to transmit the first segmented data does not exceed the maximum uplink bandwidth; a first transmission module 930, used to transmit the first segmented data to the target aggregation node using the dedicated bearer established for the terminal; and a second transmission module 940, used to transmit the second segmented data to the target aggregation node using the default bearer established for the terminal; wherein, after receiving the first segmented data and the second segmented data, the target aggregation node combines the first segmented data and the second segmented data to obtain the first target data, and transmits the combined first target data to the target service terminal.

[0187] In some embodiments, the dedicated bearer is established based on a first network address of the target aggregation node and a target communication protocol request; the target aggregation node also corresponds to a second network address, which is different from the first network address; in this embodiment, the data transmission device further includes: a first encapsulation module, used to encapsulate the first segmented data into data packets according to the target communication protocol using the first network address of the target aggregation node as the destination address, to obtain a first data packet; a second encapsulation module, used to encapsulate the second segmented data into data packets according to the target communication protocol using the second network address of the target aggregation node as the destination address, to obtain a second data packet; in this embodiment, the first transmission module 930 is further configured to: send the first data packet to the target aggregation node using the dedicated bearer established for the terminal; the second transmission module 940 is further configured to: send the second data packet to the target aggregation node using the default bearer established for the terminal.

[0188] In other embodiments, the dedicated bearer is requested to be established based on the network address corresponding to the target aggregation node and the target communication protocol. In this embodiment, the data transmission device further includes: a third encapsulation module, used to encapsulate the first segment data into a data packet according to the target communication protocol using the network address of the target aggregation node as the destination address, to obtain a first data packet; and a fourth encapsulation module, used to encapsulate the second segment data into a data packet according to the first communication protocol using the network address of the target aggregation node as the destination address, to obtain a second data packet. The first communication protocol is different from the target communication protocol. In this embodiment, the first transmission module 930 is further configured to send the first data packet to the target aggregation node using the dedicated bearer established for the terminal; and the second transmission module 940 is further configured to send the second data packet to the target aggregation node using the default bearer established for the terminal.

[0189] In some embodiments, the data transmission apparatus further includes: an acceleration request sending module, configured to send an acceleration request to an acceleration service node, the acceleration request including the network address of the terminal; and a first acceleration information receiving module, configured to receive acceleration information returned by the acceleration service node, wherein after receiving the acceleration request, the acceleration service node requests the operator to establish a corresponding dedicated bearer for the terminal based on the network address of the target aggregation node allocated to the terminal, the requested bandwidth guarantee information, and the target communication protocol, and generates acceleration information after determining that a dedicated bearer has been established.

[0190] In some embodiments, the data transmission apparatus further includes: a fifth transmission module, configured to transmit the first target data to a target aggregation node using a dedicated bearer established for the terminal if the first required bandwidth does not exceed the maximum uplink bandwidth corresponding to the dedicated bearer, so that the target aggregation node forwards the first target data to the target service terminal.

[0191] In some embodiments, the data transmission apparatus further includes: a first acquisition module, configured to acquire third segment data transmitted by the target aggregation node through a dedicated bearer; a second acquisition module, configured to acquire fourth segment data transmitted by the target aggregation node through a default bearer; after receiving second target data sent by the target service terminal to be transmitted to the terminal, if the target aggregation node determines that the second required bandwidth corresponding to the second target data exceeds the downlink maximum bandwidth corresponding to the dedicated bearer, it segments the second target data to obtain third segment data and fourth segment data; the bandwidth required to transmit the third segment data does not exceed the downlink maximum bandwidth; and a second combination module, configured to combine the third segment data and the fourth segment data to obtain the second target data.

[0192] Figure 10 This is a block diagram of a data transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of this application, which can be applied to a target aggregation node, such as... Figure 10As shown, the data transmission device includes: a receiving module 1010, used to receive second target data sent by a target service terminal to be transmitted to the terminal after establishing a dedicated bearer for the terminal; a second required bandwidth determination module 1020, used to determine the second required bandwidth corresponding to the second target data; a second segmentation module 1030, used to segment the second target data into third segment data and fourth segment data according to the downlink maximum bandwidth if the second required bandwidth exceeds the downlink maximum bandwidth corresponding to the dedicated bearer; wherein the bandwidth required to transmit the third segment data does not exceed the downlink maximum bandwidth; a third transmission module 1040, used to transmit the third segment data to the terminal using the dedicated bearer; and a fourth transmission module 1050, used to transmit the fourth segment data to the terminal using the default bearer; wherein, after receiving the third segment data and the fourth segment data, the terminal combines the third segment data and the fourth segment data to obtain the second target data.

[0193] In some embodiments, a dedicated bearer is requested to be established based on a first network address of the target aggregation node and a target communication protocol; the target aggregation node also has a second network address, which is different from the first network address; in this embodiment, the data transmission device further includes: a fifth encapsulation module, used to encapsulate the third segment data into a data packet according to the target communication protocol using the first network address of the target aggregation node as the sender address, to obtain a third data packet; a sixth encapsulation module, used to encapsulate the fourth segment data into a data packet according to the target communication protocol using the second network address of the target aggregation node as the sender address, to obtain a fourth data packet; in this embodiment, the third transmission module 1040 is further configured to: send the third data packet to the terminal using the dedicated bearer; the fourth transmission module 1050 is further configured to: send the fourth data packet to the terminal using the default bearer.

[0194] In other embodiments, the dedicated bearer is requested to be established based on the network address of the target aggregation node and the target communication protocol; in this embodiment, the data transmission device further includes: a seventh encapsulation module, used to encapsulate the third segment data into a data packet according to the target communication protocol using the network address of the target aggregation node as the sender address, to obtain a third data packet; an eighth encapsulation module, used to encapsulate the fourth segment data into a data packet according to the first communication protocol using the network address of the target aggregation node as the sender address, to obtain a fourth data packet; in this embodiment, the third transmission module 1040 is further configured to: send the third data packet to the terminal using the dedicated bearer; the fourth transmission module 1050 is further configured to: send the fourth data packet to the terminal using the default bearer.

[0195] In some embodiments, the data transmission apparatus further includes a sixth transmission module, configured to transmit the second target data to the terminal using the dedicated bearer established for the terminal if the second required bandwidth does not exceed the maximum downlink bandwidth corresponding to the dedicated bearer.

[0196] In some embodiments, the data transmission apparatus further includes: a third acquisition module, configured to acquire first segmented data transmitted by the terminal using a dedicated bearer and second segmented data transmitted by the terminal using a default bearer, wherein the terminal, upon determining that the first required bandwidth corresponding to the first target data to be transmitted to the target service terminal exceeds the maximum uplink bandwidth corresponding to the dedicated bearer, segments the first target data according to the maximum uplink bandwidth corresponding to the dedicated bearer to obtain first segmented data and second segmented data, wherein the bandwidth required to transmit the first segmented data does not exceed the maximum uplink bandwidth; a third combination module, configured to combine the first segmented data and the second segmented data to obtain first target data; and a seventh transmission module, configured to transmit the combined first target data to the target service terminal.

[0197] In some embodiments, the data transmission apparatus further includes: a receiving module, configured to receive acceleration information sent by an acceleration service node; after the acceleration service node requests to establish a dedicated bearer for the terminal in response to the terminal's acceleration request, it generates acceleration information based on the network address of the target aggregation node allocated to the terminal and the target communication protocol.

[0198] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of a computer system suitable for implementing the electronic device of the embodiments of this application is shown. This electronic device may be a terminal, target aggregation node, etc., as described in the above embodiments. It should be noted that... Figure 11 The computer system 1100 of the electronic device shown is merely an example and should not impose any limitation on the functionality and scope of use of the embodiments of this application.

[0199] like Figure 11 As shown, the computer system 1100 includes a Central Processing Unit (CPU) 1101, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes, such as executing the methods described in the above embodiments, based on programs stored in Read-Only Memory (ROM) 1102 or programs loaded from storage portion 1108 into Random Access Memory (RAM) 1103. The RAM 1103 also stores various programs and data required for system operation. The CPU 1101, ROM 1102, and RAM 1103 are interconnected via a bus 1104. An Input / Output (I / O) interface 1105 is also connected to the bus 1104.

[0200] The following components are connected to I / O interface 1105: an input section 1106 including a keyboard, mouse, etc.; an output section 1107 including a cathode ray tube (CRT), liquid crystal display (LCD), etc., and speakers, etc.; a storage section 1108 including a hard disk, etc.; and a communication section 1109 including a network interface card such as a LAN (Local Area Network) card, modem, etc. The communication section 1109 performs communication processing via a network such as the Internet. A drive 1110 is also connected to I / O interface 1105 as needed. Removable media 1111, such as a disk, optical disk, magneto-optical disk, semiconductor memory, etc., are installed on drive 1110 as needed so that computer programs read from them can be installed into storage section 1108 as needed.

[0201] Specifically, according to embodiments of this application, the processes described above with reference to the flowcharts can be implemented as computer software programs. For example, embodiments of this application include a computer program product comprising a computer program carried on a computer-readable medium, the computer program containing program code for performing the methods shown in the flowcharts. In such embodiments, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network via communication section 1109, and / or installed from removable medium 1111. When the computer program is executed by central processing unit (CPU) 1101, it performs various functions defined in the system of this application.

[0202] It should be noted that the computer-readable medium shown in the embodiments of this application can be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable storage medium, or any combination of the two. A computer-readable storage medium can be, for example,—but not limited to—an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination thereof. More specific examples of a computer-readable storage medium may include, but are not limited to: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), flash memory, optical fiber, portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage device, magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof. In this application, a computer-readable storage medium can be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. In this application, a computer-readable signal medium can include a data signal propagated in baseband or as part of a carrier wave, carrying computer-readable program code. Such transmitted data signals can take various forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination thereof. The computer-readable signal medium can also be any computer-readable medium other than a computer-readable storage medium, which can send, propagate, or transmit a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The program code contained on the computer-readable medium can be transmitted using any suitable medium, including but not limited to wireless, wired, etc., or any suitable combination thereof.

[0203] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of this application. Each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of code, which contains one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions indicated in the blocks may occur in a different order than those indicated in the drawings. For example, two consecutively indicated blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in a block diagram or flowchart, and combinations of blocks in a block diagram or flowchart, can be implemented using a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or operation, or using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0204] The units described in the embodiments of this application can be implemented in software or hardware, and the described units can also be located in a processor. The names of these units do not necessarily limit the specific unit itself.

[0205] In another aspect, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which may be included in the electronic device described in the above embodiments; or it may exist independently and not assembled into the electronic device. The aforementioned computer-readable storage medium carries computer-readable instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the methods in any of the above embodiments.

[0206] According to one aspect of this application, an electronic device is also provided, comprising: a processor; and a memory storing computer-readable instructions that, when executed by the processor, implement the methods of any of the above embodiments.

[0207] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, a computer program product or computer program is provided, the computer program product or computer program including computer instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium. A processor of a computer device reads the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium, and the processor executes the computer instructions, causing the computer device to perform the methods of any of the above embodiments.

[0208] It should be noted that although several modules or units for the device used to perform actions have been mentioned in the detailed description above, this division is not mandatory. In fact, according to the embodiments of this application, the features and functions of two or more modules or units described above can be embodied in one module or unit. Conversely, the features and functions of one module or unit described above can be further divided and embodied by multiple modules or units.

[0209] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will readily understand that the exemplary embodiments described herein can be implemented by software or by combining software with necessary hardware. Therefore, the technical solutions according to the embodiments of this application can be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a non-volatile storage medium (such as a CD-ROM, USB flash drive, external hard drive, etc.) or on a network, including several instructions to cause a computing device (such as a personal computer, server, touch terminal, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods according to the embodiments of this application.

[0210] Other embodiments of this application will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the embodiments disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this application that follow the general principles of this application and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein.

[0211] It should be understood that this application is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this application is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A data transmission method applied to a terminal, characterized in that, include: After establishing a dedicated bearer for the terminal, determine the first required bandwidth corresponding to the first target data to be transmitted to the target service terminal; If the first required bandwidth exceeds the maximum uplink bandwidth corresponding to the dedicated bearer, then the first target data is segmented according to the maximum uplink bandwidth corresponding to the dedicated bearer to obtain the first segment data and the second segment data, wherein the bandwidth required to transmit the first segment data does not exceed the maximum uplink bandwidth. The first segmented data is transmitted to the target aggregation node using a dedicated bearer established for the terminal. Using the default bearer established for the terminal, the second segmented data is transmitted to the target aggregation node; wherein, after receiving the first segmented data and the second segmented data, the target aggregation node combines the first segmented data and the second segmented data to obtain the first target data, and transmits the combined first target data to the target service terminal.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dedicated bearer is established based on the first network address of the target aggregation node and the target communication protocol request; the target aggregation node also has a corresponding second network address, and the first network address is different from the second network address; Before transmitting the first segmented data to the target aggregation node using a dedicated bearer established for the terminal, the method further includes: Using the first network address of the target aggregation node as the destination address, the first segmented data is encapsulated into a data packet according to the target communication protocol to obtain the first data packet; The step of transmitting the first segmented data to the target aggregation node using a dedicated bearer established for the terminal includes: The first data packet is sent to the target aggregation node using a dedicated bearer established for the terminal; Before sending the second segmented data to the target aggregation node using the default bearer established for the terminal, the method further includes: Using the second network address of the target aggregation node as the destination address, the second segmented data is encapsulated into data packets according to the target communication protocol to obtain the second data packet; The step of sending the second segmented data to the target aggregation node using the default bearer established for the terminal includes: The second data packet is sent to the target aggregation node using the default bearer established for the terminal.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dedicated bearer is requested to be established based on the network address corresponding to the target aggregation node and the target communication protocol; Before transmitting the first segmented data to the target aggregation node using a dedicated bearer established for the terminal, the method further includes: Using the network address of the target aggregation node as the destination address, the first segmented data is encapsulated into a data packet according to the target communication protocol to obtain the first data packet; The step of transmitting the first segmented data to the target aggregation node using a dedicated bearer established for the terminal includes: The first data packet is sent to the target aggregation node using a dedicated bearer established for the terminal; Before sending the second segmented data to the target aggregation node using the default bearer established for the terminal, the method further includes: Using the network address of the target aggregation node as the destination address, the second segmented data is encapsulated into a data packet according to the first communication protocol to obtain the second data packet; the first communication protocol is different from the target communication protocol. The step of sending the second segmented data to the target aggregation node using the default bearer established for the terminal includes: The second data packet is sent to the target aggregation node using the default bearer established for the terminal.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before segmenting the first target data according to the maximum uplink bandwidth corresponding to the dedicated bearer to obtain the first segment data and the second segment data, the method further includes: Send an acceleration request to the acceleration service node, the acceleration request including the network address of the terminal; The acceleration service node receives the acceleration information returned by the acceleration service node. After receiving the acceleration request, the acceleration service node requests the operator to establish a corresponding dedicated bearer for the terminal based on the network address of the target aggregation node allocated to the terminal, the requested bandwidth guarantee information, and the target communication protocol. After determining that the dedicated bearer has been established, the acceleration information is generated.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After establishing a dedicated bearer for the terminal and determining the first required bandwidth corresponding to the first target data to be transmitted to the target service terminal, the method further includes: If the first required bandwidth does not exceed the maximum uplink bandwidth corresponding to the dedicated bearer, then the first target data is transmitted to the target aggregation node using the dedicated bearer established for the terminal, so that the target aggregation node forwards the first target data to the target service terminal.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The method further includes: Obtain the third segment of data transmitted by the target aggregation node through the dedicated bearer; The target aggregation node acquires the fourth segment data transmitted through the default bearer; after receiving the second target data sent by the target service terminal to be transmitted to the terminal, if the target aggregation node determines that the second required bandwidth corresponding to the second target data exceeds the downlink maximum bandwidth corresponding to the dedicated bearer, it segments the second target data to obtain the third segment data and the fourth segment data; the bandwidth required to transmit the third segment data does not exceed the downlink maximum bandwidth; The third segment data and the fourth segment data are combined to obtain the second target data.

7. A data transmission method, characterized in that, Applied to a target aggregation node, the method includes: After establishing a dedicated bearer for the terminal, the second target data that needs to be transmitted to the terminal is received from the target service terminal. Determine the second required bandwidth corresponding to the second target data; If the second required bandwidth exceeds the downlink maximum bandwidth corresponding to the dedicated bearer, then the second target data is segmented according to the downlink maximum bandwidth to obtain a third segment data and a fourth segment data; wherein the bandwidth required to transmit the third segment data does not exceed the downlink maximum bandwidth; The third segment data is transmitted to the terminal using the dedicated bearer. Using the default bearer, the fourth segment data is transmitted to the terminal; wherein, after receiving the third segment data and the fourth segment data, the terminal combines the third segment data and the fourth segment data to obtain the second target data.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The dedicated bearer is requested to be established based on the first network address of the target aggregation node and the target communication protocol; the target aggregation node also has a second network address, which is different from the first network address and the second network address; Before transmitting the third segment data to the terminal using the dedicated bearer, the method further includes: Using the first network address of the target aggregation node as the sender address, the third segment data is encapsulated into a data packet according to the target communication protocol to obtain the third data packet; The step of transmitting the third segment data to the terminal using the dedicated bearer includes: The third data packet is sent to the terminal using the dedicated bearer. Before transmitting the fourth segment data to the terminal using the default bearer, the method further includes: Using the second network address of the target aggregation node as the sender address, the fourth segment data is encapsulated into a data packet according to the target communication protocol to obtain the fourth data packet; The step of transmitting the fourth segment data to the terminal using the default bearer includes: The fourth data packet is sent to the terminal using the default bearer.

9. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The dedicated bearer is requested to be established based on the network address of the target aggregation node and the target communication protocol; Before transmitting the third segment data to the terminal using the dedicated bearer, the method further includes: Using the network address of the target aggregation node as the sender address, the third segment data is encapsulated into a data packet according to the target communication protocol to obtain the third data packet; The step of transmitting the third segment data to the terminal using the dedicated bearer includes: The third data packet is sent to the terminal using the dedicated bearer. Before transmitting the fourth segment data to the terminal using the default bearer, the method further includes: Using the network address of the target aggregation node as the sender address, the fourth segment data is encapsulated into a data packet according to the first communication protocol to obtain the fourth data packet; The step of transmitting the fourth segment data to the terminal using the default bearer includes: The fourth data packet is sent to the terminal using the default bearer.

10. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that, After determining the second required bandwidth corresponding to the second target data, the method further includes: If the second required bandwidth does not exceed the maximum downlink bandwidth corresponding to the dedicated bearer, then the second target data is transmitted to the terminal using the dedicated bearer established for the terminal.

11. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that, The method further includes: The terminal acquires first segmented data transmitted using the dedicated bearer and second segmented data transmitted using the default bearer. When the terminal determines that the first required bandwidth corresponding to the first target data to be transmitted to the target service exceeds the maximum uplink bandwidth corresponding to the dedicated bearer, the terminal segments the first target data according to the maximum uplink bandwidth corresponding to the dedicated bearer to obtain first segmented data and second segmented data. The bandwidth required to transmit the first segmented data does not exceed the maximum uplink bandwidth. The first segmented data and the second segmented data are combined to obtain the first target data; The first target data obtained by combining the data is transmitted to the target service terminal.

12. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that, The method further includes: The system receives acceleration information sent by the acceleration service node. After the acceleration service node requests to establish a dedicated bearer for the terminal in response to the terminal's acceleration request, it generates the acceleration information based on the network address of the target aggregation node allocated to the terminal, the target communication protocol, and the bandwidth information corresponding to the dedicated bearer.

13. A data transmission device, applied to a terminal, characterized in that, include: The first required bandwidth determination module is used to determine the first required bandwidth corresponding to the first target data to be transmitted to the target service terminal after establishing a dedicated bearer for the terminal. The first segmentation module is used to segment the first target data according to the maximum uplink bandwidth corresponding to the dedicated bearer if the first required bandwidth exceeds the maximum uplink bandwidth corresponding to the dedicated bearer, to obtain first segment data and second segment data, wherein the bandwidth required to transmit the first segment data does not exceed the maximum uplink bandwidth. The first transmission module is used to transmit the first segmented data to the target aggregation node using a dedicated bearer established for the terminal; The second transmission module is used to transmit the second segmented data to the target aggregation node using the default bearer established for the terminal; wherein, after receiving the first segmented data and the second segmented data, the target aggregation node combines the first segmented data and the second segmented data to obtain the first target data, and transmits the combined first target data to the target service terminal.

14. A data transmission device, characterized in that, Applied to the target aggregation node, including: The receiving module is used to receive the second target data that needs to be transmitted to the terminal from the target service terminal after establishing a dedicated bearer for the terminal; The second demand bandwidth determination module is used to determine the second demand bandwidth corresponding to the second target data. The second segmentation module is used to segment the second target data according to the downlink maximum bandwidth if the second required bandwidth exceeds the downlink maximum bandwidth corresponding to the dedicated bearer, to obtain third segment data and fourth segment data; wherein the bandwidth required to transmit the third segment data does not exceed the downlink maximum bandwidth; The third transmission module is used to transmit the third segment data to the terminal using the dedicated bearer; The fourth transmission module is used to transmit the fourth segment data to the terminal using a default bearer; wherein, after receiving the third segment data and the fourth segment data, the terminal combines the third segment data and the fourth segment data to obtain the second target data.

15. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: processor; A memory storing computer-readable instructions that, when executed by the processor, implement the method as described in any one of claims 1-12.

16. A computer-readable storage medium storing computer-readable instructions thereon, characterized in that, When the computer-readable instructions are executed by a processor, the method as described in any one of claims 1-12 is implemented.

17. A computer program product comprising computer instructions, characterized in that, When the computer instructions are executed by the processor, they implement the method of any one of claims 1-12.

Images