A rail defect detector with sliding shoe and a rail defect detector trolley

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of rail flaw detection, and particularly relates to a sliding shoe type rail flaw detection mechanism and a sliding shoe type rail flaw detection trolley, wherein the sliding shoe type rail flaw detection mechanism comprises a mounting frame, a support, a guide wheel and a flaw detection mechanism; the support is arranged in parallel with the length direction of the rail and is slidingly connected to the mounting frame, and the support can move along the length direction perpendicular to the rail on the mounting frame; at least two guide wheels are sequentially arranged on the support along the length direction of the rail; the flaw detection mechanism is slidingly connected to the mounting frame and can move along the length direction perpendicular to the rail on the mounting frame; and the flaw detection mechanism comprises a plurality of probes. Compared with the existing wheel type flaw detection mode, the present application has better detection effect on damage, and all the probes can work simultaneously by using the sliding shoe type rail flaw detection mechanism, so that the highest detection speed can be increased by more than 30% and reach more than 20 km / h under the same sampling interval in theory.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of rail flaw detection, and in particular to a sliding shoe type rail flaw detection mechanism and a sliding shoe type rail flaw detection trolley. Background Art

[0002] Currently, with the rapid development of the railway industry, high-speed, high-density, and heavy-load operations are the main characteristics of my country's railways, making safety a top priority. Rail base metal may be damaged by factors such as rail manufacturing processes, loads, lines, and vehicles. When these damages, such as screw hole cracks and rail head core damage, reach a certain level, they can lead to rail breakage, with devastating consequences.

[0003] Currently, there are three methods for inspecting rail base material flaws: large-scale high-speed flaw detection vehicles, wheel-type dual-track flaw detectors, and push-type flaw detectors. For large-scale high-speed flaw detection vehicles, wheel-type flaw detectors are currently used in China, with inspection speeds reaching 60 km / h. However, the detection rate for rail head core flaws is slightly lower. Both wheel-type and sliding shoe-type flaw detectors are currently used abroad, with the sliding shoe type reaching a maximum inspection speed of 120 km / h. Wheel-type dual-track flaw detectors have an inspection speed of 10-15 km / h. Push-type flaw detectors have an inspection speed of 2-5 km / h, with the probe directly in contact with the rail. While large-scale high-speed flaw detection vehicles have a higher inspection speed, their defect detection rate is slightly lower, especially for minor, underdeveloped flaws. Wheel-type dual-track flaw detectors have a defect detection rate exceeding 90%, but due to their mechanical characteristics, their maximum speed is limited to 10-15 km / h, making it impossible to increase the speed. Furthermore, their maintenance is complex and requires specialized personnel. The detection speed of a hand-push flaw detector is only about 3km / h, which is inefficient and labor-intensive.

[0004] Currently, all dual-track flaw detectors in use in China are of the wheel-type, a relatively mature type with widespread application on domestic railway lines. However, because wheel-type inspection mechanisms centralize all detection probes within a single wheel, multiple triggering methods are required to avoid interference between multiple probes. Furthermore, the long coupling fluid acoustic path between the probes and the rails results in a long time required for a complete inspection, limiting inspection speeds to under 15 km / h. This makes it impossible to complete inspections at a single point on longer sections of track, limiting improvements in inspection efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a sliding shoe type rail flaw detection mechanism and a sliding shoe type rail flaw detection trolley, aiming to improve the inspection speed of the rails.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A sliding shoe type rail flaw detection mechanism comprises a mounting frame, a bracket, a supporting wheel and a flaw detection mechanism; the bracket is arranged parallel to the length direction of the rail and is slidably connected to the mounting frame, and the bracket can move on the mounting frame in a direction perpendicular to the length of the rail; at least two supporting wheels are sequentially mounted on the bracket along the length direction of the rail; the flaw detection mechanism is slidably connected to the mounting frame and can move on the mounting frame in a direction perpendicular to the length of the rail; the flaw detection mechanism includes multiple probes.

[0008] In some embodiments, a sleeve and a thrust spring are further included; the mounting frame has a guide rod arranged perpendicular to the length direction of the rail; the sleeve is slidably mounted on a section of the guide rod close to the rail; the thrust spring is mounted on a section of the guide rod away from the rail, and the thrust spring provides thrust to the sleeve; the bracket is connected to the sleeve.

[0009] In some embodiments, a sliding sleeve is further included; the mounting frame also has a guide rod arranged perpendicular to the length direction of the rail; the sliding sleeve is slidably connected to the guide rod; and the flaw detection mechanism is connected to the sliding sleeve.

[0010] In some embodiments, it further includes a push-pull mechanism and a push rod; the push-pull mechanism is fixedly mounted on the mounting frame, and the push-pull direction of the push-pull mechanism is perpendicular to the length direction of the rail; the movable end of the push-pull mechanism is connected to the sliding sleeve through the push rod.

[0011] In some embodiments, the flaw detection mechanism further includes a fixing frame and a boot cover; the fixing frame is connected to the sliding sleeve; the boot cover is installed at the bottom of the fixing frame; and multiple probes are sequentially installed at the bottom of the boot cover along the length direction of the rail.

[0012] In some embodiments, the flaw detection mechanism further includes a downward pressure spring; the fixing frame and the sliding sleeve are flexibly connected; and a plurality of the downward pressure springs are dispersedly connected between the fixing frame and the sliding sleeve.

[0013] In some embodiments, a coupling water outlet is further arranged around the probe.

[0014] In some embodiments, a switch passing mechanism is further included; the switch passing mechanism includes a shift lever, a roller and a wire rope; the middle portion of the shift lever is hinged to the mounting frame; the bottom of the shift lever is hinged to the end of the sleeve away from the rail, and the shift lever can drive the sleeve to move on the guide rod; the roller is installed on the mounting frame and is located above the flaw detection mechanism; one end of the wire rope is connected to the bottom of the shift lever, and the other end is connected to the flaw detection mechanism after being wrapped around the roller; the flaw detection mechanism is slidably connected to the sliding sleeve in the vertical direction.

[0015] In some embodiments, a slide rail is further included; the slide rail is vertically arranged; and the flaw detection mechanism is connected to the sliding sleeve via the slide rail.

[0016] A sliding shoe type rail flaw detection trolley comprises a vehicle body and two sliding shoe type rail flaw detection mechanisms as described above symmetrically connected to both sides of the bottom of the vehicle body.

[0017] In summary, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: Through in-depth analysis of the probe layout of the existing push flaw detector, the present application designs a contact-type sliding shoe rail flaw detection mechanism and a sliding shoe rail flaw detection trolley with automatic centering, the ability to pass through various types of switches, and wear resistance, thereby achieving the maximum flaw detection speed of more than 20 km / h while achieving the detection effect of the push flaw detector. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention when placed on a rail.

[0019] Figure 2 It mainly shows the structural schematic diagram of the centering mechanism in the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 It mainly shows the structural schematic diagram of the flaw detection mechanism in the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 It mainly shows the structural schematic diagram of the turnout passing mechanism in the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 It is a bottom view structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0023] The meanings of the numbers in the figure are: centering mechanism 1, push rod 11, push-pull mechanism 12, mounting frame 13, guide rod 14, connecting part 15, thrust spring 16, sliding sleeve 17, sleeve 18, supporting wheel 19, bracket 110, guide rod 111, flaw detection mechanism 2, fixing frame 21, slide rail 22, probe 23, downward pressure spring 24, boot cover 25, coupling water outlet 26, turnout passing mechanism 3, shift rod 31, articulated support 32, connecting plate 33, wire rope 34, roller fixing frame 35, roller 36, rail 4. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0025] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that descriptions involving orientations, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0026] In the description of the present invention, "several" means one or more, "many" means more than two, "greater than," "less than," and "exceed" are understood to exclude the number itself, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the number itself. The use of terms such as "first" and "second" in the description is solely for the purpose of distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, implicitly specifying the number of the indicated technical features, or implicitly specifying the order of the indicated technical features.

[0027] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, and connecting should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, a sliding shoe type rail flaw detection mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application includes a centering mechanism 1 and a flaw detection mechanism 2. For ease of description, the spatial rectangular coordinate system shown in the accompanying drawings is introduced to illustrate the relevant structure of the embodiment of the present application, wherein the X-axis indicates the direction of the front, the Y-axis indicates the direction of the left, and the Z-axis indicates the direction of the top.

[0029] Among them, such as Figure 2 As shown, the centering mechanism 1 includes a mounting frame 13 , a bracket 110 and a support wheel 19 .

[0030] The mounting frame 13 can be formed into a frame shape by welding a plurality of steel bars.

[0031] The bracket 110 is generally arched, with both ends curving downward. The length of the bracket 110 is parallel to the length of the rail 4. Two brackets 110 are arranged side by side, with at least two supporting wheels 19 mounted sequentially between the two brackets 110 along the length of the rail 4. For example, the two supporting wheels 19 are mounted at the curved ends of each bracket 110. The bracket 110 is slidably connected to the mounting frame 13 and can reciprocate on the mounting frame 13 in a direction perpendicular to the length of the rail 4 (i.e., left-right direction).

[0032] The flaw detection mechanism 2 is slidably connected to the mounting frame 13 and can move on the mounting frame 13 along a length direction perpendicular to the rail 4. The flaw detection mechanism 2 includes a plurality of probes 23.

[0033] When using the sliding shoe type rail flaw detection mechanism described in the embodiment of the present application, Figure 1 As shown, first, the bracket 110 is moved so that the wheel 19 contacts the inner side of the rail 4. Then, the flaw detection mechanism 2 is moved so that it is directly above the rail 4. This allows the flaw detection mechanism 2 to inspect the rail 4. The contact between the flaw detection mechanism 2 and the rail 4 is similar to that of a push-type flaw detector. Compared with existing wheel-type flaw detection methods, this sliding shoe-type rail flaw detection mechanism has better flaw detection performance. All probes 23 can operate simultaneously. Theoretically, at the same sampling interval, the maximum detection speed can be increased by more than 30% compared to wheel-type detection mechanisms, reaching over 20 km / h.

[0034] In some embodiments, as Figure 2 As shown, the sliding shoe-type rail flaw detection mechanism described in an embodiment of the present application further includes a sleeve 18 and a thrust spring 16. The mounting frame 13 includes a guide rod 111 arranged perpendicular to the length of the rail 4. One guide rod 111 can be provided on the front and rear sides of the mounting frame 13. The sleeve 18 is slidably mounted on a portion of the guide rod 111 close to the rail 4 (i.e., the left side of the guide rod 111). The thrust spring 16 is mounted on a portion of the guide rod 111 away from the rail 4 (i.e., the right side of the guide rod 111). The thrust spring 16 provides thrust to the sleeve 18. If there are two guide rods 111, a sleeve 18 and a thrust spring 16 are required to be mounted on each guide rod 111. In this case, a connector 15 can be used to simultaneously connect the front and rear sleeves 18 to achieve synchronous movement of the front and rear sleeves 18. The bracket 110 is connected to the sleeve 18.

[0035] The thrust spring 16 can provide the sleeve 18 with an outward thrust all the time, so that the wheel 19 connected to the sleeve 18 can always be close to the inner side of the rail 4 (i.e. Figure 1The sliding shoe rail flaw detection mechanism 2 is automatically aligned with the center rail 4, ensuring that the detection mechanism 2 remains directly above the rail 4 as it moves along the rail 4, ensuring the continuity and accuracy of the flaw detection operation. In short, the thrust spring 16 is always compressed, ensuring a certain amount of thrust, keeping the support wheel 19 in close contact with the inner side of the rail 4 during the inspection process, ensuring that the flaw detection mechanism 2 remains perfectly aligned.

[0036] In order to facilitate the movement of the flaw detection mechanism 2 on the mounting frame 13, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, the sliding shoe-type rail flaw detection mechanism described in an embodiment of the present application may further include a sliding sleeve 17. The mounting frame 13 also includes a guide rod 14 arranged perpendicular to the length of the rail 4. The sliding sleeve 17 is slidably connected to the guide rod 14, and the flaw detection mechanism 2 is connected to the sliding sleeve 17. The guide rod 14 and sliding sleeve 17 provide a path for the movement of the flaw detection mechanism 2, ensuring that the flaw detection mechanism 2 does not interfere with other components during movement. When two guide rods 111 are provided, a single push rod 11 can simultaneously connect the front and rear sliding sleeves 17 to achieve synchronous movement of the front and rear sliding sleeves 17.

[0037] On this basis, in order to control the moving position of the flaw detection mechanism 2 on the mounting frame 13, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, the sliding shoe type rail flaw detection mechanism described in the embodiment of the present application may also include a push-pull mechanism 12 and a push rod 11. The push-pull mechanism 12 is fixedly mounted on the mounting frame 13 (it can also be fixedly mounted on the connecting member 15), and the push-pull direction of the push-pull mechanism 12 is perpendicular to the length direction of the rail 4 (i.e., the left-right direction). The movable end of the push-pull mechanism 12 is connected to the sliding sleeve 17 through the push rod 11. As mentioned above, the push rod 11 can also connect the sliding sleeves 17 on the front and rear sides to achieve synchronous movement of the sliding sleeves 17 on the front and rear sides. The push-pull mechanism 12 can be any one of a hydraulic telescopic cylinder, an electric telescopic cylinder, and a pneumatic telescopic cylinder, or it can be other mechanisms that can achieve linear motion, such as a gear rack mechanism, a screw nut mechanism, etc. The embodiment of the present application uses the push-pull mechanism 12 to accurately adjust the position of the flaw detection mechanism 2 on the mounting frame 13, thereby ensuring that the flaw detection mechanism 2 can be correctly located above the rail 4.

[0038] like Figure 3As shown, the flaw detection mechanism 2 may further include a fixing frame 21 and a boot cover 25. The fixing frame 21 is connected to the sliding sleeve 17. The boot cover 25 is installed at the bottom of the fixing frame 21, and a plurality of the probes 23 are installed at the bottom of the boot cover 25 in sequence along the length direction of the rail 4. If there is enough space between the two supporting wheels 19, both the boot cover 25 and the probe 23 can be installed between the two supporting wheels 19; if there is not enough space between the two supporting wheels 19, part of the boot cover 25 and the probe 23 can be installed between the two supporting wheels 19, and part of the boot cover 25 and the probe 23 can be installed outside the two supporting wheels 19. The probe 23 may be an ultrasonic probe.

[0039] In some embodiments, the flaw detection mechanism 2 may further include a downward pressure spring 24. The fixed frame 21 and the sliding sleeve 17 are flexibly connected. For example, multiple inclined connecting columns are provided between the fixed frame 21 and the sliding sleeve 17. The upper ends of the connecting columns are hinged to the bottom of the fixed frame 21, and the lower ends of the connecting columns are hinged to the top of the sliding sleeve 17. Multiple downward pressure springs 24 are dispersedly connected between the fixed frame 21 and the sliding sleeve 17. The downward pressure springs 24 enable the probe 23 on the sliding sleeve 17 to closely contact the rail surface, thereby ensuring the flaw detection effect of the probe 23.

[0040] like Figure 5 As shown, a coupling water outlet 26 can be further provided around each probe 23, preferably a coupling water outlet 26 is respectively provided on the front and rear sides of each probe 23. The coupling water outlet 26 can flow out coupling water to the surface of the rail 4 and form a water film on the surface of the rail 4 to fill the space between the probe 23 and the surface of the rail 4, thereby achieving a better coupling effect for detecting the rail 4.

[0041] like Figure 1 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the sliding shoe rail flaw detection mechanism described in the embodiment of the present application may also include a switch passage mechanism 3, which includes a lever 31, rollers 36, and a wire rope 34. The middle portion of the lever 31 is hingedly connected to the mounting frame 13 via a hinged support 32 fixedly mounted on the mounting frame 13. The bottom of the lever 31 is hingedly connected to the end of the sleeve 18 away from the rail 4 (i.e., the right end). When the two sleeves 18 are connected as a whole via the connector 15, the bottom of the lever 31 can be hingedly connected to the connector 15 via a connecting plate 33 fixedly mounted on the connector 15. When the top of the lever 31 is moved, the lever 31 can move the sleeve 18 on the guide rod 111, with the hinged support 32 as the center of rotation. A plurality of rollers 36 are fixedly mounted via a roller fixing frame 35 on the mounting frame 13 to achieve fixation. The rollers 36 are located above the flaw detection mechanism 2. One end of the steel wire rope 34 is connected to the bottom of the lever 31, and the other end is connected to the flaw detection mechanism 2 after being wrapped around the roller 36. The flaw detection mechanism 2 is connected to the sliding sleeve 17 in a vertical sliding manner.

[0042] When the sliding shoe rail flaw detection mechanism described in the embodiment of the present application needs to pass through a switch, the top of the lever 31 is moved leftward. The bottom of the lever 31, via the connector 15 and sleeve 18, drives the bracket 110 and the supporting wheel 19 to the right, away from the inside of the rail 4. Simultaneously, the bottom of the lever 31, via the wire rope 34, pulls the flaw detection mechanism 2 upward, away from the surface of the rail 4, thereby allowing the sliding shoe rail flaw detection mechanism described in the embodiment of the present application to pass through the switch smoothly. After passing the switch, the top of the lever 31 is moved rightward again. The bottom of the lever 31, via the connector 15 and sleeve 18, drives the bracket 110 and the supporting wheel 19 to move inward (i.e., leftward) of the rail 4, so that they are in contact with the rail 4. The flaw detection mechanism 2 then falls to the surface of the rail 4 under the action of gravity to continue the flaw detection operation.

[0043] To facilitate smoother vertical movement of the flaw detection mechanism 2 and the sliding sleeve 17, the sliding shoe type rail flaw detection mechanism described in the embodiment of the present application may further include a slide rail 22. The slide rail 22 is vertically arranged, and the flaw detection mechanism 2 is connected to the sliding sleeve 17 via the slide rail 22. Specifically, the fixed frame 21 in the flaw detection mechanism 2 is connected to the sliding sleeve 17 via the slide rail 22.

[0044] An embodiment of the present application also provides a sliding shoe type rail flaw detection trolley, which includes a car body, which has the function of walking on the rails 4, and the left and right sides of the car body corresponding to the left and right rails 4 are respectively installed with a sliding shoe type rail flaw detection mechanism as described above, and the sliding shoe type rail flaw detection mechanisms on both sides are symmetrically arranged.

[0045] This application conducts an in-depth analysis of the probe layout of the existing push flaw detector and designs a contact-type sliding shoe rail flaw detection mechanism and a sliding shoe rail flaw detection trolley with automatic centering, the ability to pass through various types of switches, and wear resistance. This achieves the maximum flaw detection speed to be increased to over 20 km / h while achieving the detection effect of the push flaw detector.

[0046] The technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0047] The above preferred embodiments should not be construed as limiting the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope defined in the claims. Persons skilled in the art will appreciate that improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sliding shoe type rail flaw detection mechanism, characterized by: It includes a mounting frame (13), a bracket (110), a support wheel (19) and a flaw detection mechanism (2); The bracket (110) is arranged parallel to the length direction of the steel rail (4) and is slidably connected to the mounting frame (13), and the bracket (110) can move on the mounting frame (13) along the length direction perpendicular to the steel rail (4); at least two of the supporting wheels (19) are sequentially mounted on the bracket (110) along the length direction of the steel rail (4); The flaw detection mechanism (2) is slidably connected to the mounting frame (13) and can move on the mounting frame (13) along a length direction perpendicular to the rail (4); the flaw detection mechanism (2) includes a plurality of probes (23); Also includes a sleeve (18) and a thrust spring (16); The mounting frame (13) has a guide rod (111) arranged perpendicular to the length direction of the rail (4); The sleeve (18) is slidably mounted on a section of the guide rod (111) close to the rail (4); The thrust spring (16) is sleeved on a section of the guide rod (111) away from the rail (4), and the thrust spring (16) provides thrust to the sleeve (18); The bracket (110) is connected to the sleeve (18); It also includes a sliding sleeve (17); the mounting frame (13) also has a guide rod (14) arranged perpendicular to the length direction of the rail (4); The sliding sleeve (17) is slidably connected to the guide rod (14); The flaw detection mechanism (2) is connected to the sliding sleeve (17); The invention also includes a switch passing mechanism (3); the switch passing mechanism (3) includes a shifting rod (31), a roller (36) and a wire rope (34); the middle part of the shifting rod (31) is hinged on the mounting frame (13); the bottom of the shifting rod (31) is hinged to the end of the sleeve (18) away from the rail (4), and the shifting rod (31) can drive the sleeve (18) to move on the guide rod (111); the roller (36) is installed on the mounting frame (13) and is located above the flaw detection mechanism (2); one end of the wire rope (34) is connected to the bottom of the shifting rod (31), and the other end is connected to the flaw detection mechanism (2) after being wrapped around the roller (36); the flaw detection mechanism (2) is slidably connected to the sliding sleeve (17) in the vertical direction.

2. The sliding shoe type rail flaw detection mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a push-pull mechanism (12) and a push rod (11); the push-pull mechanism (12) is fixedly mounted on the mounting frame (13), and the push-pull direction of the push-pull mechanism (12) is perpendicular to the length direction of the rail (4); the movable end of the push-pull mechanism (12) is connected to the sliding sleeve (17) through the push rod (11).

3. The sliding shoe type rail flaw detection mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flaw detection mechanism (2) further includes a fixing frame (21) and a boot cover (25); The fixing frame (21) is connected to the sliding sleeve (17); the boot cover (25) is installed at the bottom of the fixing frame (21); and a plurality of probes (23) are sequentially installed at the bottom of the boot cover (25) along the length direction of the rail (4).

4. The sliding shoe type rail flaw detection mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The flaw detection mechanism (2) further includes a downward pressure spring (24); the fixing frame (21) and the sliding sleeve (17) are flexibly connected; and a plurality of downward pressure springs (24) are dispersedly connected between the fixing frame (21) and the sliding sleeve (17).

5. The sliding shoe type rail flaw detection mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: A coupling water outlet (26) is also arranged around the probe (23).

6. The sliding shoe type rail flaw detection mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a slide rail (22); the slide rail (22) is arranged vertically; the flaw detection mechanism (2) is connected to the slide sleeve (17) via the slide rail (22).

7. A sliding shoe type rail flaw detection trolley, characterized by: The invention comprises a vehicle body and two sliding shoe type rail flaw detection mechanisms according to any one of claims 1 to 6, which are symmetrically connected to both sides of the bottom of the vehicle body.

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