A synchronous extension and direction-changing rectangular deep hole drilling machine suitable for rock stratum

Abstract

The application discloses a rock stratum-adapted drill bit synchronous telescopic and direction-changing rectangular deep hole drilling machine, which comprises a drill carriage with a cable and a drilling machine hoisted at the lower end of the cable, and the drilling machine comprises a pipeline fixing frame, a rock slag treatment mechanism, a vertical hydraulic assembly and a multifunctional drill assembly which are sequentially connected; the multifunctional drill assembly comprises a plurality of cylindrical drill assemblies, a U-shaped fork plate, a sliding counterforce frame and a horizontal hydraulic cylinder, the cylindrical drill assemblies are installed on the U-shaped fork plate and are arranged in a matrix on the vertical plane and the horizontal plane, and the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the sliding counterforce frame and drives the U-shaped fork plate to move laterally; the rock slag treatment mechanism comprises a stirring device, a slag suction system, a crushing device, a grouting system and a slag discharge system; the grouting system is connected to the multifunctional drill assembly; and the vertical hydraulic assembly comprises a plurality of vertical hydraulic cylinders. The advantages of the application are that the haunch, the horizontal cantilever and the vertical pile body can all form a hole at one time without the need of other mechanical assistance, and the construction efficiency is improved and the construction and equipment costs are saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of anti-slide pile drilling equipment, and in particular to a rectangular deep hole drilling machine with synchronous extension and reversal of the drill bit adapted to rock strata. Background Technology

[0002] In engineering projects such as slope protection, roadbed construction, foundation pit excavation, and tunnel entrance / exit construction, anti-slide piles are the most effective measure to transfer the lateral thrust of the soil and rock mass to the stable strata below the sliding surface, resisting lateral thrust and mitigating engineering and geological hazards. Anti-slide piles are divided into rectangular cross-section anti-slide piles and circular cross-section anti-slide piles. Rectangular anti-slide piles have advantages such as high lateral stiffness and high single pile bearing capacity, effectively enhancing anti-slide force and increasing the anti-slide coefficient. Therefore, rectangular cross-section anti-slide piles are widely used in various engineering fields.

[0003] Traditional rectangular cross-section anti-slide piles have large cross-sections and cannot fully utilize the strength of the soil and rock in front of the pile. For anti-slide piles with horizontal cantilever structures, the horizontal cantilever can fully utilize the strength of the soil and rock in front of the pile, improving the anti-slide capacity of the pile. However, drilling the horizontal cantilever pile holes for rectangular anti-slide piles with horizontal cantilever structures is extremely difficult. Traditional rectangular cross-section anti-slide piles are usually excavated manually or mechanically. Collapses caused by manual excavation account for 65% of all collapse accidents, and it is inefficient and costly. Mechanical excavation is safer and more efficient. Therefore, using mechanical drilling to excavate pile holes for rectangular anti-slide piles with horizontal cantilever structures within soil and rock layers is of great significance for ensuring the safety of construction personnel and improving efficiency.

[0004] Currently, there are various rectangular drilling rigs and excavation methods, such as:

[0005] Patent No. CN 106836354 A, "Mechanical Hole Forming Device for Rectangular Anti-slide Piles", uses multiple cutting blades to form a rectangular shovel head. The rear end of the shovel head is equipped with a counterweight or hydraulic propulsion device to realize the drilling of rectangular pile holes.

[0006] Patent No. CN 103244053 A "Rectangular Drilling Machine" mainly uses two cam bodies to drive two T-shaped cutter heads evenly distributed at the bottom of two steel frames to move towards each other and back and forth, cutting the soil into rectangular holes.

[0007] Patent No. CN 104533300 A, "Rectangular Drilling Machine", has a conical drill bit at the bottom of a rectangular transmission box and cross-shaped long cutters on the four sides. The conical drill bit drills in to form a circular pile hole, and then the cross-shaped long cutters rotate and cut to shape it into a rectangular pile hole.

[0008] The patent number CN 207715083 U, "A Rectangular Anti-slide Pile Drilling Rig", mainly involves setting a circular drill cylinder and a rectangular drill cylinder at the bottom of the drill rod. The circular drill cylinder is screwed in to form a circular pile hole, and then the rectangular drill cylinder cuts the soil around the circular pile hole to form a rectangular pile hole.

[0009] Patent No. CN 105951798 A, "A Rectangular Drilling Machine", mainly uses a motor to drive four concave cylindrical cutters with awls to cut the soil and drill rectangular pile holes.

[0010] Existing drilling machines mainly form vertical rectangular pile holes in rock and soil, but they have the following problems: (1) They cannot drill rectangular anti-slide pile holes with horizontal cantilever or haunched horizontal cantilever structure in soil, and they cannot drill in rock mass (gravel, pebble, hard rock and other strata); (2) Other machinery (grab bucket) or auxiliary measures (slurry positive circulation slag removal method) are used to clean the slag in the pile hole. The integration of drilling and slag removal equipment is low, the drilling construction efficiency is low and the cost is high. Summary of the Invention

[0011] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a rectangular deep-hole drilling rig with synchronous telescopic and directional drill bits adapted to rock formations. For drilling deep pile holes in rock formations, the rig is hoisted by cables. A multi-functional cylindrical drill bit with vertical and horizontal sections, featuring spaced cutters and roller cutters, is installed at the bottom of the rig. The roller cutter's cutting edge is higher than the cutter's, facilitating rock fracturing followed by crushing by the cutter. First, the rig's own weight generates pressure to drive the vertical drill bit of the multi-functional cylindrical drill to drill a vertical rectangular pile hole to the designed depth for the haunched pile hole. Then, a multi-stage vertical hydraulic drive... The vertical drill bit of the column drill excavates vertical rectangular pile holes to the designed depth of the horizontal cantilever. After drilling is completed, the multi-functional column drill is retracted. Then, by deploying multi-stage hydraulic multi-functional column drills for both horizontal and vertical operation, the horizontal cantilever rectangular pile holes are drilled first, or without drilling the haunched pile holes, and then the horizontal cantilever rectangular pile holes are drilled. After drilling is completed, the multi-functional column drill is retracted. Finally, the multi-functional column drill continues to drill vertically to the designed depth. This method enables the drilling of deep pile holes with horizontal cantilever or haunched horizontal cantilever rectangular anti-slide piles in rock strata, saving construction time and costs, improving work efficiency, and ensuring project quality and the safety of construction personnel.

[0012] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0013] A rectangular deep-hole drilling rig with synchronous telescopic and directional drill bit adaptation to rock formations, characterized in that the rectangular deep-hole drilling rig includes a drilling rig with a cable and a drilling machine suspended at the lower end of the cable. The drilling machine includes a pipe fixing frame, a rock cuttings handling mechanism, a vertical hydraulic assembly, and a multi-functional drilling assembly connected sequentially from top to bottom, wherein:

[0014] The multi-functional drilling assembly includes several cylindrical drilling assemblies, a U-shaped fork plate, a sliding reaction frame, and a horizontal hydraulic cylinder. The cylindrical drilling assemblies are mounted on the U-shaped fork plate and arranged in a matrix on both the vertical and horizontal planes. The horizontal hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the sliding reaction frame and drives the U-shaped fork plate to move laterally.

[0015] The rock debris treatment mechanism includes a mixing device, a slag suction system, a crushing device, a grouting system, and a slag discharge system. The mixing device includes a mixing tank and a mixing mechanism mounted on the mixing tank. The slag suction port on the mixing tank is connected to the slag suction system via the crushing device, and the slag discharge port on the mixing tank is connected to the slag discharge system. The grouting system is connected to the multi-functional drilling assembly. The grouting system includes a main grouting pipe, a grouting pump, and multi-functional grouting branch pipes. One end of the main grouting pipe is connected to the grouting pump located on the ground, and the other end is connected to several multi-functional grouting branch pipes. The nozzles of the multi-functional grouting branch pipes are connected to the multi-functional drilling assembly and located close to the cylindrical drilling assembly. Each nozzle is equipped with a multi-functional grouting valve. The multi-functional grouting branch pipes are connected to the main grouting pipe via telescopic pipes.

[0016] The vertical hydraulic assembly includes several vertical hydraulic cylinders, the cylinder end face of which is fixed to the bottom of the mixing tank, and the piston rod of which is connected to the multi-functional drill assembly.

[0017] The vertical hydraulic assembly also includes a rigid enclosure arranged circumferentially along the bottom of the mixing tank, and a rubber pad is provided at the bottom of the rigid enclosure.

[0018] The stirring mechanism includes a main gear and several auxiliary gears that mesh with and drive the main gear. The main gear is driven to rotate by a stirring motor. A stirring main shaft extending into the stirring tank is coaxially mounted on the main gear, and stirring blades are mounted on the stirring main shaft. An auxiliary stirring shaft extending into the stirring tank is coaxially mounted on the auxiliary gear, and stirring blades are mounted on the auxiliary stirring shaft.

[0019] The drilling rig includes a vehicle-mounted platform, a steel column, a tie rod, a hinge shaft, a guide rail, a slider, a steel cantilever beam, a winch motor, and a cable support. The steel column is vertically mounted on the vehicle-mounted platform. The upper end of the tie rod is hinged to the upper end of the steel column, and the lower end is hinged to the hinge shaft fixed on the vehicle-mounted platform. The guide rail is vertically mounted and fixed along the steel column. The slider is slidably mounted on the guide rail. The steel cantilever beam is fixed to the slider. The winch motor is fixed to the steel cantilever beam, and the cable support is fixed below the steel cantilever beam. The winch motor drives the cable to move up and down in the vertical direction.

[0020] The U-shaped fork plate consists of a web, wing plates on both sides of the web, and a steel support in the middle of the web. The web includes a horizontal web and a vertical web. The cylindrical drill assembly includes two cylinders, a motor that drives the cylinders to rotate, a plurality of hobbing cutter assemblies spaced apart on the surface of the cylinders, and a plurality of reamer assemblies arranged between adjacent hobbing cutter assemblies. The hobbing cutter assembly includes a hobbing cutter base and a ring of hobbing cutters fixed on the hobbing cutter base. The reamer assembly includes a reamer base and reamers that are inclined and fixed on the reamer base. The motor shaft passes through the cylinders on both sides, and the end of the motor shaft is correspondingly disposed in the shaft holes of the wing plates on both sides of the U-shaped fork plate. The outer shell of the motor is welded and fixed to the steel support.

[0021] The sliding reaction frame includes a reaction plate, a rail plate, and a connecting plate. The rail plate is installed on the top of the reaction plate, and T-shaped slide rails are fixed on both sides of the bottom of the rail plate. The connecting plate is fixed on both sides of the web of the U-shaped fork plate. A slider is fixed on the top of the connecting plate, and a T-shaped slide groove that mates with the T-shaped slide rail is opened in the slider. The cylinder end face of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the reaction plate of the sliding reaction frame, and the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is connected to the vertical web of the U-shaped fork plate.

[0022] The slag suction system includes a main slag suction pipe and a multi-functional slag suction branch pipe branching out from the suction port of the main slag suction pipe. The suction head of the multi-functional slag suction branch pipe is connected to the multi-functional drill assembly and is located close to the cylindrical drill assembly. Each suction head is equipped with a multi-functional slag suction valve. The multi-functional slag suction branch pipe is connected to the main slag suction pipe through a telescopic pipe.

[0023] The slag discharge system includes a slag discharge pipe and a slag discharge pump. One end of the slag discharge pump is connected to the slag discharge pipe, and the other end is connected to the slag discharge port on the mixing tank.

[0024] The slag suction main pipe, the grouting main pipe, and the slag discharge pipe are all arranged and fixed along the pipe fixing frame.

[0025] The advantages of this invention are:

[0026] (1) A multi-functional cylindrical drill with horizontal and vertical cutters and cutters installed at intervals using cables and belts can be used to drill and excavate horizontal cantilever or rectangular pile holes with haunches in deep rock mass.

[0027] (2) The multi-functional cylindrical drill in the rock mass can achieve synchronous expansion and contraction and deformation, so as to achieve the purpose of drilling rectangular pile holes perpendicular to each other.

[0028] (3) The pile can be drilled in one go with the haunches, horizontal cantilever and vertical pile body without the need for other mechanical assistance, so as to improve construction efficiency and save construction and equipment costs;

[0029] (4) The rock is crushed twice by the crushing box, which can better discharge it from the pile hole and prevent the slag discharge pipe from being blocked;

[0030] (5) It has both drilling and slag removal functions, and the drilling rig has a high degree of integration, which realizes the uninterrupted synchronous operation of drilling and slag removal, reduces construction procedures, saves construction costs, and improves drilling efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a rectangular deep-hole drilling rig with synchronous telescopic and directional reversible drill bits adapted to rock formations according to the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional positions of the rectangular deep hole drilling rig with synchronous telescopic and directional reversible drill bits adapted to rock formations according to the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 This is a partial schematic diagram of a rectangular deep-hole drilling rig with synchronous telescopic and directional reversible drill bits adapted to rock formations according to the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Sectional view of AA in the middle;

[0035] Figure 5 for Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of the middle section (BB);

[0036] Figure 6 for Figure 2 CC section view;

[0037] Figure 7 for Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of DD in the middle;

[0038] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the multifunctional drilling assembly of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 9 for Figure 8 EE cross-section;

[0040] Figure 10 for Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of FF in the middle;

[0041] Figure 11 for Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of GG in China;

[0042] Figure 12 for Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of HH section;

[0043] Figure 13 for Figure 2 Section II;

[0044] Figure 14 for Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of JJ;

[0045] Figure 15 for Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of KK in China;

[0046] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the construction process of a rectangular deep hole drilling rig with synchronous telescopic and directional reversible drill bits adapted to rock formations according to the present invention.

[0047] like Figure 1-16 As shown in the figure, the labels represent:

[0048] 1. Multi-functional drilling assembly; 2. Vertical hydraulic assembly; 3. Mixing device; 4. Crushing device; 5. Slag suction system; 6. Pipeline fixing frame; 7. Slag discharge system; 8. Grouting system; 9. Drilling rig;

[0049] 11. Cylindrical drill assembly, 12. U-shaped fork plate, 13. Sliding reaction frame, 14. Horizontal hydraulic cylinder, 111. Column, 112. Auger assembly, 113. Roller assembly, 114. Motor, 115. Motor shaft, 1121. Auger base, 1122. Auger, 1131. Roller base, 1132. Roller, 121. Wing plate, 122. Vertical web plate, 123. Horizontal web plate, 124. Steel support, 125. Shaft hole, 126. Multifunctional slag suction branch pipe through hole, 127. Multifunctional slag suction main pipe through hole, 128. Multifunctional grouting branch pipe through hole, 129. Multifunctional grouting main pipe through hole, 131. Reaction plate, 132. Rail plate, 133. T-shaped slide rail, 134. Slider, 135. T-shaped slide groove, 136. Connecting plate;

[0050] 21. Vertical hydraulic cylinder; 22. Rigid enclosure; 23. Rubber pad;

[0051] 31. Mixing tank; 32. Double-layer large blades; 33. Main mixing shaft; 34. Double-layer small blades; 35. Auxiliary mixing shaft; 36. Single-layer small blades; 37. Main gear; 38. Main gear isolation pad; 39. Auxiliary gear; 310. Auxiliary gear isolation pad; 311. Steel cover plate; 312. Mixing motor;

[0052] 41. Crushing box; 42. Middle partition; 43. Connecting pipe; 44. Frame; 45. Fan motor; 46. Fan blades; 47. Crushing blade; 48. Filter screen;

[0053] 51. Main suction pipe for slag removal; 52. Multi-functional suction branch pipe for slag removal; 53. Telescopic pipe; 54. Suction head; 55. Multi-functional suction valve for slag removal.

[0054] 61. Top steel plate, 62. Middle steel plate, 63. Bottom steel plate, 64. Side upright plate, 65. Square through hole, 66. Slag discharge pipe fixing hole, 67. Grouting pipe fixing hole;

[0055] 71. Slag discharge pipe; 72. Slag discharge pump;

[0056] 81. Grouting main pipe; 82. Grouting pump; 83. Multi-functional grouting branch pipe; 84. Nozzle; 85. Multi-functional grouting valve;

[0057] 91. Hoist motor; 92. Fixed shaft; 93. Cable; 94. Cable support; 95. Steel cantilever beam; 96. Slider; 97. Steel column; 98. Guide rail; 99. Hinge shaft; 910. Tie rod; 911. Vehicle platform;

[0058] a. Rock strata, b. Drilling rig, c. Free section pile hole, d. Haunched hole, e. Horizontal cantilever pile hole, f. Embedded section pile hole. Implementation

[0059] The features and other related features of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, so as to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art:

[0060] Example: Figure 1-15 As shown, this embodiment relates to a rectangular deep-hole drilling rig with synchronous telescopic and directional drill bit adaptation to rock formations. The rectangular deep-hole drilling rig includes a drilling rig 9 and a drilling machine hoisted by a cable 93 on the drilling rig 9. The drilling machine includes a mud treatment mechanism, a vertical hydraulic component 2 and a multi-functional drilling component 1 connected sequentially from top to bottom. A pipe fixing frame 6 is provided on the mud treatment mechanism. The mud treatment mechanism includes a stirring device 3, a crushing device 4, a slag suction system 5, a slag discharge system 7 and a grouting system 8.

[0061] like Figure 1As shown, the drilling rig 9 includes a vehicle-mounted platform 911, a steel column 97, a tie rod 910, a hinge shaft 99, a guide rail 98, a slider 96, a steel cantilever beam 95, a cable support 94, a winch motor 91, a fixed shaft 92, and a cable 93. The vehicle-mounted platform 911 has tracked wheels and is located on the ground. The steel column 97 is vertically mounted at the front end of the vehicle-mounted platform 911. The tie rod 910 provides diagonal bracing reinforcement to the steel column 97. Specifically, the upper end of the tie rod 910 is hinged to the upper end of the steel column 97, and the lower end... The system is hinged to the hinge shaft 99 of the vehicle platform 911; the guide rail 98 is fixedly attached to the steel column 97 to form a vertical track; the slider 96 is slidably mounted on the guide rail 98 and can slide vertically under the drive of the power mechanism; the steel cantilever beam 95 is fixed to the slider 96; the cable bracket 94 is fixed to the bottom surface of the steel cantilever beam 95; the winch motor 91 is fixed to the steel cantilever beam 95 via the fixed shaft 92; the winch motor 91 is used to drive the cable 93 and the drilling rig suspended at its lower end to perform lifting and lowering movements. It should be noted that, due to the large weight of the drilling rig, it can move downwards under its own weight, eliminating the need for the drill rod to press down as before; and the cable 93 has sufficient length to meet the drilling requirements for rectangular deep holes.

[0062] like Figure 1-11 As shown, the vertical hydraulic assembly 2 includes several vertical hydraulic cylinders 21, a rigid barrier 22, and a rubber pad 23. The vertical hydraulic cylinders 21 are arranged circumferentially along the bottom of the mixing tank 31 of the mixing device 3, and the vertical hydraulic cylinders 21 move synchronously. In this embodiment, six vertical hydraulic cylinders 21 are provided. The cylinder end face of the vertical hydraulic cylinder 21 is fixed to the bottom of the mixing tank 31. The piston rod of the vertical hydraulic cylinder 21 is connected to the sliding reaction frame 13 of the multi-functional drill assembly 1. The synchronous movement of the vertical hydraulic cylinders 21 can drive the multi-functional drill assembly 1 to perform lifting and lowering movements. The rigid barrier 22 is arranged circumferentially along the bottom of the mixing tank 31, and the vertical hydraulic cylinders 21 are located inside the rigid barrier 22. The height of the rigid barrier 22 is equal to the vertical length of the vertical hydraulic cylinder 21 when it is contracted to its minimum stroke. The rigid barrier 22 can protect the vertical hydraulic cylinders 21. A rubber pad 23 is provided around the bottom of the rigid enclosure 22. When the vertical hydraulic cylinder 21 retracts to its minimum stroke, it can prevent the rigid enclosure 22 from colliding with the sliding reaction frame 13 of the multi-functional drill assembly 1, thus playing a buffering role.

[0063] like Figure 1-9As shown, the multi-functional drilling assembly 1 can be used for deep hole drilling of rectangular anti-slide piles, excavation of horizontal cantilever pile holes, and excavation of haunched holes. The multi-functional drilling assembly 1 includes several cylindrical drilling assemblies 11, U-shaped fork plates 12, sliding reaction frames 13, and horizontal hydraulic cylinders 14. The cylindrical drilling assemblies 11 are mounted on the U-shaped fork plates 12 and arranged in a matrix on both the vertical and horizontal planes. That is, the multi-functional drilling assembly 1 can form a rectangular excavation surface on both the vertical and horizontal planes. In this embodiment, the cylindrical drilling assemblies 11 are arranged in a right-angled plane. The horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 is fixed on the sliding reaction frame 13 and drives the U-shaped fork plates 12 to move laterally, thereby driving the cylindrical drilling assemblies 11 to move laterally synchronously.

[0064] The U-shaped fork plate 12 consists of a web, wing plates 121 on both sides of the web, and a steel support 124 in the middle of the web. The web includes a horizontal web 123 and a vertical web 122, which form a right-angled surface structure, corresponding to the arrangement of the cylindrical drill assembly 11. The cylindrical drill assembly 11 includes two cylindrical drills and a motor 114 that drives the cylindrical drills to rotate. In this embodiment, there are a total of 5 sets of cylindrical drill assemblies 11 (10 cylindrical drills in total), with 2 sets of cylindrical drill assemblies 11 (4 cylindrical drills in total) on the vertical plane and 4 sets of cylindrical drill assemblies 11 (8 cylindrical drills in total) on the horizontal plane. The cylindrical drill consists of a cylinder 111, several roller cutter assemblies 113 spaced apart on the surface of the cylinder 111, and several reamer assemblies 112 spaced apart between adjacent roller cutter assemblies 113 on the surface of the cylinder 111. Specifically, the height of the roller cutter assembly 113 protruding from the cylinder 111 is higher than that of the reamer assembly 112. Therefore, when cutting rock, the roller cutter 1132 on the roller cutter assembly 113 contacts the rock first, that is, the roller cutter assembly 113 presses the rock surface as a whole first. The rock is split into several large blocks, which are then further cut into smaller diameter rock blocks (or rock debris) by the cutter assembly 112. The cutter assembly 113 includes a cutter base 1131 and a ring of cutters 1132 fixed on the cutter base 1131. The cutter assembly 112 includes a cutter base 1121 and cutters 1122. The cutters 1122 are installed at an angle under the fixation of the cutter base 1121 to facilitate the excavation of rock strata. For rock masses, if the cutters 1132 are used to directly crush the rock mass at the excavation face or the cutters 1122 are used for direct excavation, the strength, hardness, and wear resistance of the cutter and cutter materials need to meet high requirements, which not only increases the difficulty of developing cutter and cutter materials but also increases construction costs. The combination of roller cutter 1132 and auger cutter 1122, where roller cutter 1132 only fractures the rock mass at the excavation face, reducing its strength and making it easier for auger cutter 1122 to cut the rock, not only reduces the requirements for the strength, hardness, and wear resistance of the roller cutter and auger cutter materials, but also reduces wear on the cutter and auger cutter. Therefore, the method of combining roller cutter 1132 first fracturing the rock mass at the excavation face with auger cutter 1122 cutting the fractured low-strength rock mass not only improves work efficiency but also reduces tool wear and lowers construction costs. Steel support 124 is welded or bolted to the housing of motor 114. The motor shaft 115 of motor 114 drives the rotation of the cylinders 111 on both sides, and the end of motor shaft 115 is supported in the shaft holes 125 of the two side flanges 121.The sliding reaction frame 13 includes a reaction plate 131, a rail plate 132, and a connecting plate 136. The rail plate 132 is installed on top of the reaction plate 131. T-shaped slide rails 133 are fixed on both sides of the bottom of the rail plate 132. The connecting plate 136 is fixed on both sides of the web of the U-shaped fork plate 12. A slider 134 is fixed on the top of the connecting plate 136, and a T-shaped groove 135 that mates with the T-shaped slide rails 133 is opened in the slider 134. The cylinder end face of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 is fixed on the sliding reaction plate 131. On the reaction plate 131 of the force frame 13, the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 is connected to the vertical web plate 122 of the U-shaped fork plate 12. The horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 drives the vertical web plate 122 of the U-shaped fork plate 12 to drive the slider 134 on the connecting plate 136 to move laterally. Due to the cooperation between the T-shaped groove 135 in the slider 134 and the T-shaped slide rail 133 on the rail plate 132, it can play a guiding role, ensuring the stability and safety of the lateral movement of the multi-functional drill assembly 1.

[0065] When the multi-functional drilling assembly 1 is drilling deep holes for rectangular anti-slide piles, the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 is not working (the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 is at its minimum stroke), and the cylindrical drilling assembly 11 on the horizontal plane of the multi-functional drilling assembly 1 is working, drilling the rectangular pile hole downwards. When the multi-functional drilling assembly 1 is excavating horizontal cantilever pile holes, the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 is working (the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 extends to the side), and the cylindrical drilling assembly 11 on the vertical plane of the multi-functional drilling assembly 1 is working, drilling the horizontal cantilever pile hole to the side. When the multi-functional drilling assembly 1 is excavating haunched holes, the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 is working (the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 extends to the side), the cylindrical drilling assembly 11 on both the vertical and horizontal planes of the multi-functional drilling assembly 1 is working, and the vertical hydraulic cylinder 21 of the vertical hydraulic assembly 2 is working (the piston rod of the vertical hydraulic cylinder 21 extends downwards), drilling the haunched hole downwards and to the side.

[0066] In addition, the track plate 132 is provided with a multi-functional slag suction main pipe through hole 127 and a multi-functional grouting main pipe through hole 129, which are used to fix the slag suction main pipe 51 of the slag suction system 5 and the grouting main pipe 81 of the grouting system 8, respectively. The web plate is provided with a multi-functional slag suction branch pipe through hole 126 and a multi-functional grouting branch pipe through hole 128, which are used to fix the multi-functional slag suction branch pipe 52 of the slag suction system 5 and the multi-functional grouting branch pipe 83 of the grouting system 8, respectively. The multi-functional slag suction branch pipe 52 is connected to the slag suction main pipe 51 by a telescopic pipe 53, and the multi-functional grouting branch pipe 83 is also connected to the grouting main pipe 81 by a telescopic pipe 53, so that when the multi-functional drilling assembly 1 moves laterally, the multi-functional slag suction branch pipe 52 and the multi-functional grouting branch pipe 83 also move accordingly.

[0067] like Figure 1-15 As shown, the rock slag treatment mechanism includes a mixing device 3, a crushing device 4, a slag suction system 5, a slag discharge system 7, and a grouting system 8.

[0068] The mixing device 3 mainly includes a mixing box 31 and a mixing mechanism. The mixing box 31 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the sliding reaction frame 13 (rail plate 132). The mixing mechanism includes a main gear 37 and multiple auxiliary gears 39 meshing with it. The main gear 37 is driven to rotate by the mixing motor 312, which in turn drives the auxiliary gears 39 to rotate. A mixing main shaft 33 extending into the mixing box 31 is coaxially arranged on the main gear 37. The mixing main shaft 33 is equipped with mixing blades, which are double-layered large blades 32. Each auxiliary gear 39 is coaxially arranged with a mixing auxiliary shaft 35 extending into the mixing box 31. The mixing auxiliary shaft 35 is also equipped with mixing blades. Some of the mixing auxiliary shafts 35 have double-layered small blades 34, while others have single-layered small blades 36. By mixing the rock debris and mud in the mixing box 31, a uniformly mixed mud can be obtained, which is convenient for discharge. To prevent slurry from seeping into the gearbox containing the main gear 37 and auxiliary gear 39 during mixing, a main gear isolation pad 38 is provided at the connection point between the main mixing shaft 33 and the mixing box 31, and an auxiliary gear isolation pad 310 is provided at the connection point between the auxiliary mixing shaft 35 and the mixing box 31. Figure 3 As shown, a steel cover plate 311 is located on top of the gearbox containing the main gear 37 and the auxiliary gear 39, for connecting to the pipe fixing bracket 6. The mixing tank 31 is equipped with a slag suction port and a slag discharge port.

[0069] A slag suction system 5 is connected to the slag suction port of the mixing tank 31. The slag suction system 5 mainly includes a slag suction main pipe 51 and a multi-functional slag suction branch pipe 52. One end of the slag suction main pipe 51 is connected to the slag suction port of the mixing tank 31 via a crushing device 4. The other end of the slag suction main pipe 51 (i.e., the suction end) is connected to multiple multi-functional slag suction branch pipes 52. The multi-functional slag suction branch pipe 52 extends into the multi-functional drill assembly 1, and the suction head 54 of the multi-functional slag suction branch pipe 52 is close to the cylindrical drill assembly 11 so that it can suck up the rock slag dug out by cutting. A multi-functional slag suction valve 55 is set at the suction head 54 to control the opening and closing of the pipeline.

[0070] The extracted rock debris is crushed into fine particles by the crushing device 4 and then enters the mixing tank 31. The crushing device 4 mainly includes a crushing tank 41, a partition plate 42, a connecting pipe 43, a frame 44, a blower motor 45, blower blades 46, a crushing blade 47, and a filter screen 48. The partition plate 42 is inclined in the crushing tank 41 to form a ramp that facilitates the flow of rock debris. The blower motor 45 is installed on the top plate in the crushing tank 41 via the frame 44. The blower blades 46 are installed on the shaft of the blower motor 45. The high-speed rotating blower motor 45 and the blower blades 46 can create negative pressure in the slag suction main pipe 51. The crushing blades 47 are installed at the installation location of the blower motor 45 so that the extracted rock debris must be crushed by the crushing blades 47 before entering the mixing tank 31 through the connecting pipe 43. A screen 48 is installed at the end face of the blower motor 45 to filter large rock debris particles and prevent rock debris from flowing into the mixing tank 31 from the blower motor 45.

[0071] The grouting system 8 extends into the multi-functional drilling assembly 1. The grouting system 8 mainly includes a main grouting pipe 81, a grouting pump 82, and multi-functional grouting branch pipes 83. One end of the main grouting pipe 81 is connected to the grouting pump 82 located on the ground, and the other end is connected to several multi-functional grouting branch pipes 83. The multi-functional grouting branch pipes 83 extend into the multi-functional drilling assembly 1, and the nozzles 84 of the multi-functional grouting branch pipes 83 are located near the cylindrical drilling assembly 11. Grouting system 8 injects mud into the rock cuttings, mixing the rock cuttings with the mud, facilitating extraction by the slag suction system 5. A multi-functional grouting valve 85 is installed at the nozzle 84 to control the flow of the pipeline.

[0072] The slag discharge port of the mixing tank 31 is connected to the slag discharge system 7 on the ground. The slag discharge system 7 includes a slag discharge pipe 71 and a slag discharge pump 72. The lower end of the slag discharge pipe 71 is connected to the slag discharge port of the mixing tank 31 and extends downward to a certain depth to facilitate the pumping out more mud. The slag discharge pipe 71 pumps the well-mixed mud from the mixing tank 31 to the ground for collection and treatment through the slag discharge pump 72.

[0073] like Figure 1-15 As shown, the pipe fixing frame 6 has a box-shaped structure, including a top steel plate 61, a middle steel plate 62, a bottom steel plate 63, and several side uprights 64 connecting the three. Furthermore, a square through hole 65 is provided on the bottom steel plate 63 of the pipe fixing frame 6 for installing the mixing motor 312. Additionally, slag discharge pipe fixing holes 66 for the slag discharge pipe 71 and grouting pipe fixing holes 67 for the grouting main pipe 81 are also provided on the top steel plate 61, middle steel plate 62, and bottom steel plate 63. To prevent pipe swaying during drilling, the pipe fixing frame 6 provides fixation for each passing pipe. It should be noted that four lifting points are provided on the top steel plate 61 for cable 93 connection to ensure stable hoisting of the pipe fixing frame 6.

[0074] like Figure 16 As shown, this embodiment employs the following construction method when simultaneously constructing haunch holes and horizontal cantilever pile holes:

[0075] (S1) In the rock stratum a, the cylindrical drilling component 11 on the horizontal plane of the multi-functional drilling component 1 on the drilling rig b is used to drill vertical rectangular pile holes to form free section pile holes c, until the top design elevation of the haunch hole d is reached. During this process, the suction head 54 on the multi-functional slag suction branch pipe 52 and the nozzle 84 on the multi-functional grouting branch pipe 83 near the cylindrical drilling component 11 on the horizontal plane perform slag suction and grouting respectively.

[0076] (S2) After the multi-functional drilling assembly 1 reaches the top design elevation of the axle hole d, the vertical hydraulic cylinder 21 of the vertical hydraulic assembly 2 is started. The piston rod of the vertical hydraulic cylinder 21 extends downward, and the cylindrical drilling assembly 11 on the horizontal plane in the multi-functional drilling assembly 1 continues to drill downward until the design depth of the horizontal cantilever pile hole e is reached. During this process, the suction head 54 on the multi-functional slag suction branch pipe 52 and the nozzle 84 on the multi-functional grouting branch pipe 83 near the cylindrical drilling assembly 11 on the horizontal plane perform slag suction and grouting respectively.

[0077] (S3) After the multi-functional drilling assembly 1 reaches the bottom design elevation of the horizontal cantilever pile hole e, the piston rod of the vertical hydraulic cylinder 21 of the vertical hydraulic assembly 2 retracts to the minimum stroke, that is, the multi-functional drilling assembly 1 is located at the top design elevation of the haunch hole d. During this process, the suction head 54 on the multi-functional slag suction branch pipe 52 and the nozzle 84 on the multi-functional grouting branch pipe 83 near the cylindrical drilling assembly 11 on the horizontal plane are closed.

[0078] (S4) Activate the cylindrical drill assembly 11 on the vertical and horizontal planes of the multi-functional drill assembly 1, and simultaneously activate the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 of the multi-functional drill assembly 1 and the vertical hydraulic cylinder 21 of the vertical hydraulic assembly 2. The piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 extends to the side of the rock mass to drive the multi-functional drill assembly 1 to move laterally, and the piston rod of the vertical hydraulic cylinder 21 extends downward to drive the multi-functional drill assembly 1 to move downward, thereby causing the multi-functional drill assembly 1 to drill the rock mass to the side and downward to form a haunch hole d. During this process, the suction head 54 on the multi-functional slag suction branch pipe 52 and the nozzle 84 on the multi-functional grouting branch pipe 83 near the cylindrical drill assembly 11 on the vertical and horizontal planes respectively perform slag suction and grouting.

[0079] (S5) After the multi-functional drilling assembly 1 reaches the bottom design elevation of the horizontal cantilever pile hole e, the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 continues to extend to the side of the rock mass to drive the multi-functional drilling assembly 1 to move laterally, so that the cylindrical drilling assembly 11 on the vertical plane of the multi-functional drilling assembly 1 drills the rock mass to form the horizontal cantilever pile hole e. During this process, the suction head 54 on the multi-functional slag suction branch pipe 52 and the nozzle 84 on the multi-functional grouting branch pipe 83 near the cylindrical drilling assembly 11 on the vertical plane perform slag suction and grouting respectively.

[0080] (S6) After the horizontal cantilever pile hole e is drilled to the designed length, the cylindrical drill assembly 11 on the vertical plane of the multi-functional drill assembly 1 is closed, the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 14 is retracted to the minimum stroke, so that the multi-functional drill assembly 1 moves back into the free section pile hole c, and the piston rod of the vertical hydraulic cylinder 21 is retracted to the minimum stroke, so that the multi-functional drill assembly 1 is moved to the bottom design elevation of the horizontal cantilever pile hole e. During this process, the suction head 54 on the multi-functional slag suction branch pipe 52 and the nozzle 84 on the multi-functional grouting branch pipe 83 near the cylindrical drill assembly 11 on the vertical plane are closed; the cylindrical drill assembly 11 on the horizontal plane of the multi-functional drill assembly 1 is opened, and the embedded section pile hole f is drilled downward until the designed depth of the embedded section pile hole f is reached. During this process, the suction head 54 on the multi-functional slag suction branch pipe 52 and the nozzle 84 on the multi-functional grouting branch pipe 83 near the cylindrical drill assembly 11 on the horizontal plane perform slag suction and grouting respectively.

[0081] The advantages of this embodiment are:

[0082] (1) A multi-functional cylindrical drill with horizontal and vertical cutters and cutters installed at intervals using cables and belts can be used to drill and excavate horizontal cantilever or rectangular pile holes with haunches in deep rock mass.

[0083] (2) The multi-functional cylindrical drill in the rock mass can achieve synchronous expansion and contraction and deformation, so as to achieve the purpose of drilling rectangular pile holes perpendicular to each other.

[0084] (3) The pile can be drilled in one go with the haunches, horizontal cantilever and vertical pile body without the need for other mechanical assistance, so as to improve construction efficiency and save construction and equipment costs;

[0085] (4) The rock is crushed twice by the crushing box, which can better discharge it from the pile hole and prevent the slag discharge pipe from being blocked;

[0086] (5) It has both drilling and slag removal functions, and the drilling rig has a high degree of integration, which realizes the uninterrupted synchronous operation of drilling and slag removal, reduces construction procedures, saves construction costs, and improves drilling efficiency.

[0087] Although the above embodiments have described the concept and embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art will recognize that various improvements and modifications can still be made to the present invention without departing from the scope of the claims, and therefore will not be elaborated here.

Claims

1. A rectangular deep-hole drilling rig with synchronous telescopic and directional reversible drill bits adapted to rock formations, characterized in that... The rectangular deep-hole drilling rig includes a drilling rig with a cable and a drilling machine suspended from the lower end of the cable. The drilling rig includes, from top to bottom, a pipe fixing frame, a rock cuttings handling mechanism, a vertical hydraulic assembly, and a multi-functional drilling assembly, wherein: The multi-functional drilling assembly includes several cylindrical drilling assemblies, a U-shaped fork plate, a sliding reaction frame, and a horizontal hydraulic cylinder. The cylindrical drilling assemblies are mounted on the U-shaped fork plate and arranged in a matrix on both the vertical and horizontal planes. The horizontal hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the sliding reaction frame and drives the U-shaped fork plate to move laterally. The rock debris treatment mechanism includes a mixing device, a slag suction system, a crushing device, a grouting system, and a slag discharge system. The mixing device includes a mixing tank and a mixing mechanism mounted on the mixing tank. The slag suction port on the mixing tank is connected to the slag suction system via the crushing device, and the slag discharge port on the mixing tank is connected to the slag discharge system. The grouting system is connected to the multi-functional drilling assembly. The grouting system includes a main grouting pipe, a grouting pump, and multi-functional grouting branch pipes. One end of the main grouting pipe is connected to the grouting pump located on the ground, and the other end is connected to several multi-functional grouting branch pipes. The nozzles of the multi-functional grouting branch pipes are connected to the multi-functional drilling assembly and located close to the cylindrical drilling assembly. Each nozzle is equipped with a multi-functional grouting valve. The multi-functional grouting branch pipes are connected to the main grouting pipe via telescopic pipes. The vertical hydraulic assembly includes several vertical hydraulic cylinders, the cylinder end face of which is fixed to the bottom of the mixing tank, and the piston rod of which is connected to the multi-functional drill assembly.

2. The rectangular deep-hole drilling rig with synchronous telescopic and directional reversing of the drill bit, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... The vertical hydraulic assembly also includes a rigid enclosure arranged circumferentially along the bottom of the mixing tank, and a rubber pad is provided at the bottom of the rigid enclosure.

3. The rectangular deep-hole drilling rig with synchronous telescopic and directional reversing of the drill bit, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... The stirring mechanism includes a main gear and several auxiliary gears that mesh with and drive the main gear. The main gear is driven to rotate by a stirring motor. A stirring main shaft extending into the stirring tank is coaxially mounted on the main gear, and stirring blades are mounted on the stirring main shaft. An auxiliary stirring shaft extending into the stirring tank is coaxially mounted on the auxiliary gear, and stirring blades are mounted on the auxiliary stirring shaft.

4. The rectangular deep-hole drilling rig with synchronous telescopic and directional reversing of the drill bit, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... The drilling rig includes a vehicle-mounted platform, a steel column, a tie rod, a hinge shaft, a guide rail, a slider, a steel cantilever beam, a winch motor, and a cable support. The steel column is vertically mounted on the vehicle-mounted platform. The upper end of the tie rod is hinged to the upper end of the steel column, and the lower end is hinged to the hinge shaft fixed on the vehicle-mounted platform. The guide rail is vertically mounted and fixed along the steel column. The slider is slidably mounted on the guide rail. The steel cantilever beam is fixed to the slider. The winch motor is fixed to the steel cantilever beam, and the cable support is fixed below the steel cantilever beam. The winch motor drives the cable to move up and down in the vertical direction.

5. A rectangular deep-hole drilling rig with synchronous telescopic and directional reversing of the drill bit, as described in claim 1, characterized in that... The U-shaped fork plate consists of a web, wing plates on both sides of the web, and a steel support in the middle of the web. The web includes a horizontal web and a vertical web. The cylindrical drill assembly includes two cylinders, a motor that drives the cylinders to rotate, a plurality of hobbing cutter assemblies spaced apart on the surface of the cylinders, and a plurality of reamer assemblies arranged between adjacent hobbing cutter assemblies. The hobbing cutter assembly includes a hobbing cutter base and a ring of hobbing cutters fixed on the hobbing cutter base. The reamer assembly includes a reamer base and reamers that are inclined and fixed on the reamer base. The motor shaft passes through the cylinders on both sides, and the end of the motor shaft is correspondingly disposed in the shaft holes of the wing plates on both sides of the U-shaped fork plate. The outer shell of the motor is welded and fixed to the steel support.

6. The rectangular deep-hole drilling rig with synchronous telescopic and directional reversing of the drill bit, as described in claim 5, is characterized in that... The sliding reaction frame includes a reaction plate, a rail plate, and a connecting plate. The rail plate is installed on the top of the reaction plate, and T-shaped slide rails are fixed on both sides of the bottom of the rail plate. The connecting plate is fixed on both sides of the web of the U-shaped fork plate. A slider is fixed on the top of the connecting plate, and a T-shaped slide groove that mates with the T-shaped slide rail is opened in the slider. The cylinder end face of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the reaction plate of the sliding reaction frame, and the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is connected to the vertical web of the U-shaped fork plate.

7. A rectangular deep-hole drilling rig with synchronous telescopic and directional reversing of the drill bit, as described in claim 1, characterized in that... The slag suction system includes a main slag suction pipe and a multi-functional slag suction branch pipe branching out from the suction port of the main slag suction pipe. The suction head of the multi-functional slag suction branch pipe is connected to the multi-functional drill assembly and is located close to the cylindrical drill assembly. Each suction head is equipped with a multi-functional slag suction valve. The multi-functional slag suction branch pipe is connected to the main slag suction pipe through a telescopic pipe.

8. A rectangular deep-hole drilling rig with synchronous telescopic and directional reversing of the drill bit, as described in claim 7, characterized in that... The slag discharge system includes a slag discharge pipe and a slag discharge pump. One end of the slag discharge pump is connected to the slag discharge pipe, and the other end is connected to the slag discharge port on the mixing tank.

9. A rectangular deep-hole drilling rig with synchronous telescopic and directional reversing of the drill bit, as described in claim 8, characterized in that... The slag suction main pipe, the grouting main pipe, and the slag discharge pipe are all arranged and fixed along the pipe fixing frame.

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