A method and apparatus for advanced support of a roadway in a coal mine (110)

Abstract

The application provides a coal mine (110 method) roadway advanced support method and equipment, comprising determining geological conditions and roadway shape before coal mine roadway excavation; providing a self-moving support equipment, the equipment comprising: a support structure for contacting with the coal mine roadway top surface; and a self-moving mechanism for moving the support structure in the coal mine roadway; while excavating the roadway, the support structure is moved in front of the excavation face by controlling the movement of the self-moving support equipment; after the support structure reaches the position in front of the excavation face, it is deployed and contacts with the coal mine roadway top surface. The application proposes a coal mine (110 method) roadway advanced support method, the support structure of which can self-adapt to the uneven surface of the roadway top, realizes self-adaptive support of the uneven top wall, effectively protects the roadway top wall and improves the support effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of advanced support technology, and more specifically, to an advanced support method and equipment for coal mine (110 method) roadways. Background Technology

[0002] The "110 method" in coal mines is a construction method with one roadway, one working face, and zero coal pillars. It is a commonly used coal mining method. Its roadway advance support technology is one of the important technologies to ensure the safety and stability of the roadway. An advance roadway refers to a roadway that is excavated a certain distance ahead of the coal mining working face. Advance support refers to the pre-support of the rock and soil mass that has not yet been excavated to prevent it from collapsing or falling during excavation.

[0003] Currently, self-moving advanced support equipment is widely used in existing technologies. This equipment mainly consists of a mobile device and supporting equipment installed on the mobile device. The supporting equipment includes a top beam for supporting the tunnel roof. During tunnel excavation, over-excavation or under-excavation can easily occur, resulting in unevenness in the tunnel roof. In existing technologies, the top of the top beam is mostly a flat surface. With this top beam, the beam cannot fit snugly against the uneven roof, which can easily cause uneven stress on the roof during support, resulting in poor support effect.

[0004] For example, the specification of the Chinese utility model patent (application number: CN201921627279.0) entitled "A Support Device for Coal Mine Roadways" states that because the roof of the roadway is not a flat surface but rather rugged, existing support devices cannot provide adaptive support to the roof, and certain areas may be suspended without the support and protection of the support device, posing a risk. This patent demonstrates the deficiencies of the existing technology.

[0005] Therefore, we have made improvements to this and proposed a method and equipment for advance support of coal mine (110 method) roadways. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to address the issue that in existing technologies, the top of the top beam is mostly flat, and when supported by such a beam, it cannot fit snugly against the uneven top wall, which easily leads to uneven stress on the top wall during the support process, resulting in poor support effect.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following method and equipment for advance support of coal mine (110 method) roadways to improve the above-mentioned problems.

[0008] The application is as follows:

[0009] A method for advance support of coal mine roadways (110 method) includes the following steps:

[0010] S1. Determine the geological conditions and tunnel shape before excavation of coal mine roadways;

[0011] S2. A self-moving support device is provided, the device comprising: a support structure for contacting the roof of a coal mine roadway; and a self-moving mechanism for moving the support structure in the coal mine roadway;

[0012] S3. While excavating the tunnel, the support structure is moved to the front of the excavation face by controlling the movement of the self-moving support equipment.

[0013] S4. After the support structure reaches the position in front of the excavation face, deploy it and make it contact the top surface of the coal mine roadway;

[0014] S5. Further excavation of the tunnel is carried out, and the self-propelled support equipment is continuously moved forward during the excavation process to protect the stability and safety of the tunnel.

[0015] A coal mine (110 method) roadway advance support device, wherein the support structure includes an elastic support component that can adapt to the surface of the roadway top during the contact between the support structure and the roadway top.

[0016] A coal mine (110 method) roadway advance support device, specifically, includes a support structure, which includes a support beam, hydraulic rods fixedly installed at both ends of the support beam, an elastic support component movably disposed on the top of the support beam, a fixing component movably disposed on the top of the support beam and fixed to the elastic support component, and a movable plate movably disposed in the middle of the support beam for supporting the elastic support component. A drive component is provided at the bottom of the support beam, which is used to drive the fixing component and the movable plate to work. After the fixing component fixes the elastic support component, the movable plate separates from the elastic support component, releasing the pressure on the elastic support component.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the elastic support assembly includes a plurality of support rods interspersed on the top of the support beam. The support beam is a box-shaped structure with an opening facing downwards. The bottom end of the support rod extends into the interior of the support beam. A spring is fixed to the bottom end of the support rod. A guide rod is provided in the middle of the spring and interspersed with the bottom of the support rod. A support block is provided at the top end of the support rod for contacting the top surface of the roadway.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the fixing component includes a pair of fixing plates arranged in parallel on the top of the support beam. Two sets of sliding rods are evenly arranged on the top of the support beam. The two fixing plates are respectively slidably connected to the corresponding sliding rods. The top of the support beam has a guide opening for the support rod to pass through. The fixing plates have fixing openings that correspond one-to-one with the guide openings. The bottom end of the support rod is located in the fixing opening. The two fixing plates can slide towards each other to fix the support rod under the drive of the driving component.

[0019] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the two sets of fixing ports are arranged in opposite cam shapes, and the opposite ends of the two sets of fixing ports overlap and are consistent with the diameter of the guide port. The diameter of the guide port is larger than the diameter of the support column, and the narrower arc end of the fixing port is adapted to the side wall of the support rod.

[0020] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the movable plate includes two support plates symmetrically arranged inside the support beam. Both ends of the outer side of the support plate are provided with sleeve shafts that are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the support beam. The two support plates are joined together to form a support panel for supporting springs. The bottom ends of multiple springs located in the middle of the support beam are fixed with the same lifting plate for lifting the support plate. The bottom ends of multiple guide rods located on the side of the support beam are set as spherical shapes for lifting the support plate.

[0021] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the driving assembly includes two piston cylinders symmetrically arranged on opposite inner walls of the support beam. Each piston cylinder has a piston rod at both ends. The outer end of each piston rod is inserted into a sleeve shaft. A set of first protrusions is arranged in a ring on the outer end of each piston rod. A sliding groove adapted to the first protrusions is provided on the sleeve shaft. A pair of rotating shafts symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the support beam drive the two fixed plates to move synchronously. A driving seat is provided in the middle of the piston rod, through which the rotating shafts are inserted. The top of the driving seat has a circular opening adapted to the rotating shafts. A set of second protrusions is arranged in a ring within the circular opening. A sliding groove adapted to the second protrusions is provided on the rotating shaft. The sliding groove is composed of an arc groove and a linear groove. The sliding groove is composed of a linear groove corresponding to the arc groove and an arc-shaped groove corresponding to the linear groove.

[0022] As a preferred technical solution of this application, when the second protrusion moves along the arc groove, the rotating shaft rotates outward, and when the first protrusion moves along the arc groove, the sleeve shaft rotates inward. The ends of the rotating shaft are respectively hinged to the two corresponding fixed plates with connecting rods. The fixed plate at the bottom is provided with a connecting slot for the connecting rod to pass through, and the opposite ends of the rotating shaft and the sleeve shaft are respectively provided with a first protruding ridge and a second protruding ridge. The first protruding ridge is located inside the second protruding ridge.

[0023] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the drive assembly further includes a first U-shaped tube and a second U-shaped tube. The two ends of the first U-shaped tube are respectively connected to the middle of the two piston cylinders, and a first air port is provided in the middle of the first U-shaped tube. The two ends of the second U-shaped tube are respectively connected to the two ends of the two piston cylinders, and a second air port is provided in the middle of the second U-shaped tube. The piston blocks on the piston rods at both ends are located between the middle and end of the piston cylinders, respectively. The first air port and the second air port are respectively connected to an external portable air pump.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0025] In the scheme of this application:

[0026] 1. In order to solve the problem that the top beam of the existing support equipment cannot fit the uneven top wall, resulting in poor support effect and uneven stress on the top wall during the support process, which may cause damage to the top wall to a certain extent, this application proposes an advanced support method for coal mine (110 method) roadways. Its support structure can adapt to the uneven surface of the roadway top, realize adaptive support for uneven top walls, effectively protect the roadway top wall and improve the support effect;

[0027] 2. In order to solve the problem that the top beam of the support equipment in the prior art cannot fit with the uneven roof wall and the support effect is poor, this application sets up an elastic support component. Through the characteristics of the spring in the elastic support component, the spring is compressed to different degrees during the process of the support beam supporting the roof wall of the roadway, which can automatically adapt to the uneven roof wall of the roadway and improve the support effect of the roadway.

[0028] 3. By using the movable plate and fixing components, after all the support rods come into contact with the tunnel roof, the two fixing plates in the fixing components are fixed by the drive component. Then, the support plate in the movable plate rotates downward, causing the support plate to separate from the spring in the elastic support component. This releases the pressure on the spring, allowing it to automatically return to its natural state. This avoids the spring being compressed for a long time and reducing its elasticity, effectively extending the service life of the spring. It is especially suitable for the setting of multiple springs in this support structure.

[0029] 4. By fixing the bottom end of multiple springs located in the middle of the support beam with the same lifting plate for the support plate to lift, the support plate can lift the lifting plate and reset the middle spring during the reset process of the support plate. The bottom ends of multiple guide rods located on the side of the support beam are set as spherical for the support plate to lift, thus realizing the reset of the side springs. Through the cooperation of the above structures, all springs and support rods can be reset, which is convenient for the next support action.

[0030] 5. Through the configured drive assembly, including the first protrusion, sliding groove, second protrusion, and sliding groove, the fixed plate can automatically fix the support rod and the support plate can automatically rotate during the movement of the piston rod, improving the continuity of the device's operation. The structure is simple and easy to use.

[0031] 6. By providing a first protruding ridge and a second protruding ridge at the opposite ends of the rotating shaft and the sleeve shaft respectively, with the first protruding ridge located inside the second protruding ridge, the contact between the first and second protruding ridges can provide support force to the support plate, thereby improving the stability of the two support plates in a horizontal state.

[0032] 7. By using the first U-shaped fitting and the second U-shaped fitting, the synchronization of the piston rods on both sides of the piston cylinder is improved by venting through the first U-shaped fitting and evacuating through the second U-shaped fitting, or by evacuating through the first U-shaped fitting and venting through the second U-shaped fitting. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a coal mine (110 method) roadway advance support method provided for this application;

[0034] Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of a coal mine (110 method) roadway advance support device provided for this application;

[0035] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the support beam of a coal mine (110 method) roadway advance support device provided in this application;

[0036] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of an elastic support component for a coal mine (110 method) roadway advance support device provided in this application;

[0037] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of one of the fixing plates and the corresponding rotating shaft of a coal mine (110 method) roadway advance support device provided in this application;

[0038] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of another fixing plate and corresponding rotating shaft of a coal mine (110 method) roadway advance support device provided in this application;

[0039] Figure 7 A structural schematic diagram of a movable plate component of a coal mine (110 method) roadway advance support device provided in this application;

[0040] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the drive assembly of a coal mine (110 method) roadway advance support device provided in this application;

[0041] Figure 9This application provides a schematic diagram of the drive seat of a coal mine (110 method) roadway advance support device.

[0042] The image shows:

[0043] 1. Support structure; 101. Support beam; 102. Hydraulic rod; 2. Elastic support assembly; 201. Support rod; 202. Spring; 203. Guide rod; 204. Support block; 205. Lifting plate; 3. Fixing assembly; 301. Fixing plate; 302. Slide rod; 303. Guide port; 304. Fixing port; 305. Connecting slot; 4. Movable plate; 401. Support plate; 402. Sleeve shaft; 5. Drive assembly; 501. Piston cylinder; 502. Piston 503. Rod; 504. First protrusion; 505. Sliding groove; 506. Linear groove; 507. Arc groove; 508. Drive seat; 509. Round opening; 500. Second protrusion; 501. Sliding groove; 502. Arc groove; 510. Linear groove; 511. Connecting rod; 512. First convex ridge; 513. Second convex ridge; 514. Second U-shaped fitting; 515. First air port; 516. Second air port. Detailed Implementation

[0044] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] As described in the background art, the top of the existing top beam is mostly a flat surface. With the support of the top beam, the top beam cannot fit against the uneven top wall, which can easily cause uneven stress on the top wall during the support process, resulting in poor support effect.

[0046] To solve this technical problem, the present invention provides a method and equipment for advance support of coal mine (110 method) roadways, which is applied to through-type solid phase extraction.

[0047] For details, please refer to Figure 1 The aforementioned method for advance support of coal mine (110 method) roadways specifically includes:

[0048] A method for advance support of coal mine roadways (110 method) includes the following steps:

[0049] S1. Determine the geological conditions and tunnel shape before excavation of coal mine roadways;

[0050] S2. A self-moving support device is provided, the device comprising: a support structure 1 for contacting the top surface of a coal mine roadway; and a self-moving mechanism for moving the support structure 1 in the coal mine roadway;

[0051] S3. While excavating the tunnel, the support structure 1 is moved to the front of the excavation face by controlling the movement of the self-moving support equipment.

[0052] S4. After the support structure 1 reaches the position in front of the excavation face, deploy it and make it contact the top surface of the coal mine roadway.

[0053] S5. Further excavation of the tunnel is carried out, and the self-propelled support equipment is continuously moved forward during the excavation process to protect the stability and safety of the tunnel.

[0054] The support structure 1 includes an elastic support component 2, which is capable of adapting to the surface of the tunnel top during the contact between the support structure 1 and the tunnel top.

[0055] To address the problem that existing support equipment's top beam cannot fit snugly against uneven roof walls, resulting in poor support and uneven stress on the roof walls during support, which can cause damage to the roof walls to some extent, this application proposes an advanced support method for coal mine (110 method) roadways. Its support structure 1 can adapt to the uneven surface of the roadway roof, achieving adaptive support for uneven roof walls, effectively protecting the roadway roof walls and improving the support effect.

[0056] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0057] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features and technical solutions in the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0058] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0059] Example 1

[0060] Please refer to Figure 2-4A coal mine (110 method) roadway advance support device, specifically, includes a support structure 1, which includes a support beam 101, hydraulic rods 102 fixedly installed at both ends of the support beam 101, an elastic support component 2 movably installed on the top of the support beam 101, a fixing component 3 movably installed on the top of the support beam 101 and fixed to the elastic support component 2, and a movable plate 4 movably installed in the middle of the support beam 101 for supporting the elastic support component 2. A drive component 5 is provided at the bottom of the support beam 101. The drive component 5 is used to drive the fixing component 3 and the movable plate 4 to work. After the fixing component 3 fixes the elastic support component 2, the movable plate 4 separates from the elastic support component 2, releasing the pressure on the elastic support component 2.

[0061] Please refer to Figure 1-3 Specifically, the elastic support component 2 includes several support rods 201 interlaced on the top of the support beam 101. The support beam 101 is a box-shaped structure with an opening facing downwards. The support beam 101 is preferably made of rigid material to control its use for supporting the tunnel roof. The bottom end of the support rod 201 extends into the interior of the support beam 101. A spring 202 is fixed to the bottom end of the support rod 201. A guide rod 203 is provided in the middle of the spring 202 and interlaced with the bottom of the support rod 201. A support block 204 is provided at the top of the support rod 201 for contacting the tunnel roof surface. The support block 204 is preferably a wear-resistant rubber block, which can better adapt to the uneven roof of the tunnel.

[0062] By setting up a number of support columns and support blocks 204, the roadway roof is supported in a way that forms a surface from several points. Each support column can adapt to the roof under the elastic action of the spring 202, thus achieving adaptive support for the uneven roof. Specifically, during the process of the hydraulic lever driving the support beam 101 to move upward, the contact between the support rod 201 and the different uneven surfaces of the roadway roof can compress the spring 202 corresponding to each support rod 201 by a corresponding amount. The spring 202 can ensure that the support block 204 at the top of the support rod 201 always remains in contact with the roadway roof to adapt to different surfaces of the roadway roof.

[0063] Example 2

[0064] The advanced support equipment for coal mine (110 method) roadways provided in Example 1 has been further optimized, specifically, as follows: Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the fixing component 3 includes a pair of fixing plates 301 arranged parallel to each other on the top of the support beam 101. Two sets of sliding rods 302 are evenly arranged on the top of the support beam 101. The two fixing plates 301 are respectively slidably connected to the corresponding sliding rods 302, that is, the fixing plates 301 can slide along the sliding rods 302 to contact or separate from the support rod 201. The top of the support beam 101 is provided with a guide opening 303 for the support rod 201 to pass through. The fixing plates 301 are provided with fixing openings 304 that correspond one-to-one with the guide openings 303. The bottom end of the support rod 201 is located in the fixing opening 304. The two fixing plates 301 can slide towards each other under the drive of the driving component 5 to fix the support rod 201. By sliding towards each other, the two fixing plates 301 generate opposite pressure on the support rod 201, thereby improving the stability of the support rod 201.

[0065] After all the support rods 201 contact the tunnel roof, the two fixing plates 301 in the fixing assembly 3 are fixed by the drive assembly 5. Then, the support plate 401 in the movable plate 4 rotates downward, so that the support plate 401 separates from the spring 202 in the elastic support assembly 2. This releases the pressure on the spring 202, allowing the spring 202 to automatically return to its natural state. This avoids the spring 202 being compressed for a long time and reducing its elasticity, effectively extending the service life of the spring 202. This is especially suitable for the setting of multiple springs 202 in the support structure 1.

[0066] Furthermore, the two sets of fixing ports 304 are arranged in opposite cam shapes, and the opposite ends of the two sets of fixing ports 304 overlap and have the same diameter as the guide port 303. The diameter of the guide port 303 is larger than the diameter of the support column, which facilitates the downward movement of the support rod 201 when it is squeezed by the roadway roof during the upward movement. The narrower arc end of the fixing port 304 is adapted to the side wall of the support rod 201. The precise contact between the narrower arc end of the fixing port 304 and the side wall of the support rod 201 improves the stability of the support rod 201. Optionally, in this solution, some protective textures can be set on the inner wall of the support rod 201 and the corresponding fixing port 304 to improve the fixing effect of the support rod 201.

[0067] Example 3

[0068] The advanced support equipment for coal mine (110 method) roadways provided in Embodiment 1 or 2 is further optimized, specifically, as follows: Figure 3 and Figure 7 As shown, the movable plate 4 includes two support plates 401 symmetrically arranged inside the support beam 101. Both ends of the outer side of the support plate 401 are provided with sleeve shafts 402 that are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the support beam 101. The two support plates 401 are joined together to form a support panel for supporting the spring 202.

[0069] With the movable plate 4 and the fixing assembly 3 in place, after all the support rods 201 contact the top wall of the tunnel, the two fixing plates 301 in the fixing assembly 3 are fixed by the drive assembly 5. Then, the support plate 401 in the movable plate 4 rotates downward, causing the support plate 401 to separate from the spring 202 in the elastic support assembly 2. This releases the pressure on the spring 202, allowing the spring 202 to automatically return to its natural state. This avoids the spring 202 being compressed for a long time and reducing its elasticity, effectively extending the service life of the spring 202. This is especially suitable for the setting of multiple springs 202 in the support structure 1.

[0070] Among them, such as Figure 4 As shown, the bottom ends of multiple springs 202 located in the middle of the support beam 101 are fixed with the same lifting plate 205 for lifting the support plate 401, and the bottom ends of multiple guide rods 203 located on the side of the support beam 101 are set as spherical for lifting the support plate 401.

[0071] By fixing the bottom ends of multiple springs 202 located in the middle of the support beam 101 to the same lifting plate 205 for the support plate 401 to lift, during the reset process of the support plate 401, the support plate 401 can lift the lifting plate 205 and reset the middle spring 202. The bottom ends of multiple guide rods 203 located on the sides of the support beam 101 are set to be spherical for the support plate 401 to lift, realizing the guide reset of the side springs 202. That is, the guide rods 203 can reduce the twisting of the springs 202 during the upward reset process. Through the cooperation of the above structures, all springs 202 and support rods 201 can be reset, which is convenient for the next support action.

[0072] Example 4

[0073] The advanced support equipment for coal mine (110 method) roadways provided in Example 1 has been further optimized, specifically, as follows: Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, the drive assembly 5 includes two piston cylinders 501 symmetrically arranged on opposite inner walls of the support beam 101. Piston rods 502 are provided at both ends of each piston cylinder 501. The outer ends of the piston rods 502 are inserted into and connected to the sleeve shaft 402. A set of first protrusions 503 are arranged in a ring shape on the outer ends of the piston rods 502. Sliding grooves 504 adapted to the first protrusions 503 are provided on the sleeve shaft 402. A pair of rotating shafts 505 symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the support beam 101 drive the two fixed plates 301 to move synchronously. A drive seat 506 is provided in the middle of the piston rods 502, through which the rotating shafts 505 are inserted. The top of the drive seat 506 has a circular opening 507 adapted to the rotating shaft 505. A set of second protrusions 508 are arranged in a ring shape inside the shaft 7. A sliding groove 509 adapted to the second protrusions 508 is provided on the rotating shaft 505. The sliding groove 509 is composed of an arc groove 5091 and a linear groove 5092. The sliding slot 504 is composed of a linear slot 5041 corresponding to the arc groove 5091 and an arc-shaped slot 5042 corresponding to the linear groove 5092. In this solution, multiple first protrusions 503 and second protrusions 508 serve as intermediate parts for driving the rotating shaft 505 and the sleeve shaft 402 to rotate. They are made of a rigid material with high hardness. Multiple sets can be similarly arranged on the rotating shaft 505 and the piston rod 502 to share the pressure on each protrusion (only one set is shown in this embodiment).

[0074] By setting the drive component 5, and by setting the first protrusion 503, the sliding groove 504, the second protrusion 508 and the sliding groove 509, the fixing plate 301 can automatically fix the support rod 201 and the support plate 401 automatically rotate during the movement of the piston rod 502, thereby improving the continuity of the device's operation. The structure is simple and easy to use.

[0075] Specifically, when the second protrusion 508 moves along the arc groove 5091, the rotating shaft 505 rotates outward, and the first protrusion 503 moves within the linear groove 5041. When the second protrusion 508 moves along the linear groove 5092, and the first protrusion 503 moves along the arc groove 5042, the sleeve shaft 402 rotates inward. The ends of the rotating shaft 505 are respectively hinged to the two corresponding fixed plates 301 with connecting rods 510. The fixed plate 301 at the bottom has a connecting groove 305 for the connecting rod 510 to pass through. During the process of the piston rod 502 moving outward, the fixed plate 301 is first fixed by controlling the movement of the connecting rod 510 to fix the support rod 201, and then the support plate 401 is controlled to rotate and separate from the spring 202.

[0076] The rotating shaft 505 and the sleeve shaft 402 are respectively provided with a first protruding rib 511 and a second protruding rib 512 at their opposite ends. The first protruding rib 511 is located inside the second protruding rib 512. The first protruding rib 511 and the second protruding rib 512 are in contact, which can provide support force to the support plate 401 and improve the stability of the two support plates 401 in a horizontal state. In addition, when the rotating shaft 505 rotates first, the first protruding rib 511 rotates synchronously, leaving space for the second protruding rib 512 to rotate with the sleeve shaft 402, so that the support plate 401 can rotate smoothly.

[0077] Specifically, the drive assembly 5 also includes a first U-shaped tube 513 and a second U-shaped tube 514. The two ends of the first U-shaped tube 513 are respectively connected to the middle of the two piston cylinders 501, and a first air port 515 is provided in the middle of the first U-shaped tube 513. The two ends of the second U-shaped tube 514 are respectively connected to the two ends of the two piston cylinders 501, and a second air port 516 is provided in the middle of the second U-shaped tube 514. The piston blocks on the piston rods 502 at both ends are located between the middle and end of the piston cylinders 501, respectively. The first air port 515... The second air port 516 is connected to an external portable air pump (two sets of portable air pumps are set on the mobile device supporting the hydraulic rod 102 respectively. The mobile device and portable air pump mentioned here are existing mature technologies and are not shown in this embodiment). Through the first U-shaped tube 513 and the second U-shaped tube 514, the synchronization of the piston rods 502 on both sides of the piston cylinder 501 is improved by venting the first U-shaped tube 513 and evacuating the second U-shaped tube 514 or evacuating the first U-shaped tube 513 and venting the second U-shaped tube 514.

[0078] The usage process of the coal mine (110 method) roadway advance support method and equipment provided by this invention is as follows:

[0079] Before the support beam 101 supports the tunnel roof, the spring 202 allows the support column to extend and remain in a natural state. During the process of the hydraulic rod moving upwards, causing the support beam 101 and several support columns to contact the tunnel roof, the contact between the support rods 201 and the different surfaces of the tunnel roof causes the corresponding springs 202 of each support rod 201 to compress accordingly. After the hydraulic rod 102 stops moving, the characteristics of the springs 202 cause the support block 204 to contact the tunnel roof. Then, by venting the first U-shaped pipe 513 and evacuating the second U-shaped pipe 514, the two sets of piston rods 502 on the two piston cylinders 501 move outwards synchronously. When the piston rods 502 initially move, they drive the second protrusion 508 on the drive seat 506 to move along the arc groove 5091, and the rotating shaft 505 moves towards... The external rotation drives the fixed plate 301 to move. At this time, the first protrusion 503 moves in the linear groove 5041. When the piston rod 502 continues to move, the second protrusion 508 moves along the linear groove 5092 (when the second protrusion 508 enters the linear groove 5092, the fixed plate 301 stops moving and the support rod 201 is fixed). The first protrusion 503 moves along the arc groove 5042. The sleeve shaft 402 and the support plate 401 rotate inward, so that the support plate 401 separates from the spring 202 in the elastic support assembly 2, that is, the pressure on the spring 202 is released, so that the spring 202 can automatically return to its natural state. This avoids the situation where the spring 202 is squeezed for a long time and its elasticity is reduced during the long-term repeated support of the roadway, and effectively extends the service life of the spring 202.

[0080] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0081] Obviously, the embodiments described above are merely some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. The accompanying drawings show preferred embodiments of the present invention, but do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. The present invention can be implemented in many different forms; rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing specific embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any equivalent structures made using the content of this specification and drawings, directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are similarly within the patent protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A coal mine roadway advance support device, characterized in that, The structure includes a support structure (1) for contacting the top surface of a coal mine roadway. It includes a support beam (101), hydraulic rods (102) fixedly installed at both ends of the support beam (101), an elastic support assembly (2) movably installed on the top of the support beam (101), a fixing assembly (3) movably installed on the top of the support beam (101) and fixed to the elastic support assembly (2), and a movable plate (4) movably installed in the middle of the support beam (101) for supporting the elastic support assembly (2). A drive assembly (5) is provided at the bottom of the support beam (101). The drive assembly (5) is used to drive the fixing assembly (3) and the movable plate (4) to work. After the fixing assembly (3) fixes the elastic support assembly (2), the movable plate (4) separates from the elastic support assembly (2) to release the pressure on the elastic support assembly (2). The elastic support assembly (2) includes several support rods (201) interspersed on the top of the support beam (101). The support beam (101) is a box-shaped structure with an opening facing downwards. The bottom end of the support rod (201) extends into the interior of the support beam (101). A spring (202) is fixed to the bottom end of the support rod (201). A support block (204) is provided at the top end of the support rod (201) for contacting the top surface of the roadway. The fixing component (3) includes a pair of fixing plates (301) arranged in parallel on the top of the support beam (101). Two sets of sliding rods (302) are evenly arranged on the top of the support beam (101). The two fixing plates (301) are respectively slidably connected to the corresponding sliding rods (302). The top of the support beam (101) is provided with a guide opening (303) for the support rod (201) to pass through. The fixing plate (301) is provided with a fixing opening (304) corresponding to the guide opening (303). The bottom end of the support rod (201) is located in the fixing opening (304). The two fixing plates (301) slide towards each other to fix the support rod (201) under the drive of the driving component (5). The movable plate (4) includes two support plates (401) symmetrically arranged in the support beam (101). The two support plates (401) are joined together to form a support panel for supporting the spring (202). The bottom ends of multiple springs (202) located in the middle of the support beam (101) are fixed with the same lifting plate (205) for the support plate (401) to be lifted. After the two fixing plates (301) in the fixing assembly (3) are fixed to the support rod (201) by the drive assembly (5), the support plate (401) in the movable plate (4) rotates downward, so that the support plate (401) separates from the spring (202) in the elastic support assembly (2).

2. The coal mine roadway advance support equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two sets of fixing ports (304) are arranged in opposite cam shapes, and the opposite ends of the two sets of fixing ports (304) overlap and have the same diameter as the guide port (303). The diameter of the guide port (303) is larger than the diameter of the support rod (201), and the narrower arc end of the fixing port (304) is adapted to the side wall of the support rod (201).

3. The coal mine roadway advance support equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spring (202) has a guide rod (203) that is inserted and connected to the bottom of the support rod (201) in the middle. Both ends of the outer side of the support plate (401) are provided with sleeve shafts (402) that are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the support beam (101). The bottom ends of the multiple guide rods (203) located on the side of the support beam (101) are set as spherical shapes for the support plate (401) to be lifted.

4. The coal mine roadway advance support equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The drive assembly (5) includes two piston cylinders (501) symmetrically arranged on opposite inner walls of the support beam (101). Each piston cylinder (501) has a piston rod (502) at both ends. The outer end of each piston rod (502) is inserted into a sleeve shaft (402). A set of first protrusions (503) is annularly arranged on the outer end of each piston rod (502). A sliding groove (504) adapted to the first protrusions (503) is provided on the sleeve shaft (402). A pair of rotating shafts (505) symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the support beam (101) drive the two fixed plates (301) to move synchronously. The piston rods (502)... A drive seat (506) is provided in the middle of the shaft (505) and is inserted and connected to it. The top of the drive seat (506) has a circular opening (507) that is adapted to the shaft (505). A set of second protrusions (508) is arranged in a ring shape inside the circular opening (507). A sliding groove (509) adapted to the second protrusions (508) is provided on the shaft (505). The sliding groove (509) is composed of an arc groove (5091) and a linear groove (5092). The sliding groove opening (504) is composed of a linear groove opening (5041) corresponding to the arc groove (5091) and an arc groove opening (5042) corresponding to the linear groove (5092).

5. The coal mine roadway advance support equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, When the second protrusion (508) moves along the arc groove (5091), the rotating shaft (505) rotates outward. When the first protrusion (503) moves along the arc groove (5042), the sleeve shaft (402) rotates inward. The ends of the rotating shaft (505) are respectively hinged to the corresponding two fixed plates (301) with connecting rods (510). The fixed plate (301) at the bottom is provided with a connecting groove (305) for the connecting rod (510) to pass through. The opposite ends of the rotating shaft (505) and the sleeve shaft (402) are respectively provided with a first protruding ridge (511) and a second protruding ridge (512). The first protruding ridge (511) is located inside the second protruding ridge (512).

6. The coal mine roadway advance support equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that, The drive assembly (5) also includes a first U-shaped tube (513) and a second U-shaped tube (514). The two ends of the first U-shaped tube (513) are respectively connected to the middle of the two piston cylinders (501), and a first air port (515) is provided in the middle of the first U-shaped tube (513). The two ends of the second U-shaped tube (514) are respectively connected to the two ends of the two piston cylinders (501), and a second air port (516) is provided in the middle of the second U-shaped tube (514). The piston blocks on the piston rod (502) at both ends of the piston rod (502) are respectively between the middle of the piston cylinder (501) and the end of the piston cylinder (501). The first air port (515) and the second air port (516) are respectively connected to an external portable air pump.

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