Carbon dioxide cold storage system and control method thereof

Abstract

This invention relates to a cold storage system and control method, comprising: a photovoltaic power generation system, including solar photovoltaic modules and a second power supply branch, the second power supply branch being connected to the carbon dioxide refrigeration subsystem for supplying power to the carbon dioxide refrigeration subsystem; the carbon dioxide refrigeration subsystem, including a compressor unit, a condensing unit, and multiple cooling units connected in parallel, each cooling unit being connected to a different cold storage unit; and an energy management subsystem, connected to both the photovoltaic power generation system and the carbon dioxide refrigeration subsystem, for data acquisition and real-time monitoring of the power consumption units of the photovoltaic power generation system and the cooling units and compressor units of the carbon dioxide refrigeration subsystem. This can achieve a near-zero energy consumption / near-zero carbon cold storage system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of refrigeration technology, specifically to a carbon dioxide cold storage system and its control method. Background Technology

[0002] Cold storage facilities, as the core of the entire cold chain transportation network, account for approximately 70% of the energy consumption of their refrigeration systems. Statistics show that China's cold storage facilities spend over 80 billion RMB annually on electricity. By constructing ultra-low energy consumption cold storage facilities, it is estimated that annual electricity costs can be saved by tens of billions of RMB. In 2020, the logistics industry's carbon emissions reached 857 million tons, accounting for 8.7% of total carbon emissions. Furthermore, with the accelerated pace of refrigerant substitution in my country, the country is currently entering the fourth stage of seeking new refrigerants with zero ODP and low GWP, and CO2 has advantages such as low carbon emissions, environmental friendliness, and high heat transfer efficiency.

[0003] In recent years, traditional cold storage construction has remained characterized by haphazardness and inefficiency. Against the backdrop of environmentally friendly development in the refrigeration industry, the construction of ultra-low energy consumption cold storage facilities is expected to reduce carbon emissions in the cold chain logistics sector by 50% annually. However, there is currently a lack of near-zero energy consumption cold storage system designs. In the context of dual carbon emissions, developing ultra-low energy consumption cold storage facilities can resolve the contradiction between cold storage expansion and carbon emission control, accelerate the industry's emission reduction and low-carbon transformation, and is of great significance for achieving the national carbon neutrality goal. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a cold storage system, device, computer equipment, and storage medium to address the problem that technicians need to manually write a large amount of code during gesture testing, which reduces the efficiency of the test.

[0005] The first aspect provides a cold storage system, including:

[0006] The photovoltaic power generation system includes solar photovoltaic modules and a second power supply branch, which is connected to the carbon dioxide refrigeration subsystem and is used to supply power to the carbon dioxide refrigeration subsystem.

[0007] The carbon dioxide refrigeration subsystem includes a compressor unit, a condenser unit, and multiple cooling units connected in parallel. Each cooling unit is connected to a cold storage unit for a different purpose. The energy management subsystem is connected to both the photovoltaic power generation system and the carbon dioxide refrigeration subsystem, and performs data acquisition and real-time monitoring of the power consumption unit of the photovoltaic power generation system and the cooling unit, compressor unit, and condenser unit of the carbon dioxide refrigeration subsystem.

[0008] In the above scheme, the photovoltaic power generation system further includes a first power supply branch and a third power supply branch. The first power supply branch, the second power supply branch, and the third power supply branch are connected in parallel. The first power supply branch is connected to other power supply units in the surrounding park of the cold storage. The third power supply branch is connected to the high-voltage grid-connected unit.

[0009] The first power supply branch includes a first electrical switch and a voltage regulator connected in series; the second power supply branch includes a second electrical switch, an energy storage component, a first photovoltaic inverter, and a distribution box connected in series; the third power supply branch includes a third electrical switch, a second photovoltaic inverter, and a boost converter connected in series; the other power supply units include other electrical loads; the cold storage power supply unit includes cold storage electrical loads; and the high-voltage grid-connected power supply unit includes a high-voltage power grid.

[0010] In the above scheme, the photovoltaic power generation system further includes a solar controller, which has a first output port, a second output port, and a third output port; the first output port is connected to the input port of a voltage regulator via a wire, and a first electrical switch is installed on the line between the solar controller and the voltage regulator; the output port of the voltage regulator is connected to other electrical loads via a wire.

[0011] The second output port is connected to the input port of the energy storage component via a wire, and the second electrical switch is installed on the line between the solar controller and the energy storage component; the output port of the energy storage component is connected to the first photovoltaic inverter via a wire; the output port of the energy storage component is connected to the input port of the first photovoltaic inverter via a wire; the output port of the first photovoltaic inverter is connected to the input port of the distribution box via a wire; the output port of the distribution box is connected to the cold storage load input port via a wire.

[0012] The third output port of the solar controller is connected to the input port of the second photovoltaic inverter via a wire, and the third electrical switch is installed on the line between the solar controller and the second photovoltaic inverter; the output port of the second photovoltaic inverter is connected to the input port of the boost converter via a wire; the output port of the boost converter is connected to the high-voltage power grid via a wire.

[0013] In the above scheme, the plurality of cooling units include a first cooling unit, a second cooling unit, a third cooling unit, and a fourth cooling unit; wherein the first to fourth cooling units are connected in parallel, the first cooling unit is connected to an ice storage, the second cooling unit is connected to a 0-5℃ cold storage, the third cooling unit is connected to a -18--25℃ freezer, and the fourth cooling unit is connected to a -35--40℃ quick-freezing storage.

[0014] In the above scheme, the first cooling unit includes a first solenoid valve, a second solenoid valve, a first carbon dioxide injector, a first carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator, and a first electronic expansion valve; the second cooling unit includes a third solenoid valve, a fourth solenoid valve, a second carbon dioxide injector, a second carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator, a second electronic expansion valve, a first carbon dioxide storage tank, and a first carbon dioxide delivery pump; the third cooling unit includes a fifth solenoid valve, a sixth solenoid valve, a third carbon dioxide injector, a third carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator, a third electronic expansion valve, a second carbon dioxide storage tank, and a second carbon dioxide delivery pump; the fourth cooling unit includes a seventh solenoid valve, an eighth solenoid valve, a fourth carbon dioxide injector, a fourth carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator, a fourth electronic expansion valve, a third carbon dioxide storage tank, and a third carbon dioxide delivery pump; the ice storage corresponds to an ice-making heat exchanger; the cold storage corresponds to a first cold storage heat exchanger; the freezer corresponds to a second cold storage heat exchanger; and the quick-freezing storage corresponds to a third cold storage heat exchanger.

[0015] In the above scheme, the compressor unit outlet is connected to the carbon dioxide inlet of the negative pressure evaporative carbon dioxide condenser via a pipeline, wherein the compressor unit includes at least one compressor and multiple compressors are connected in parallel;

[0016] The negative pressure evaporative carbon dioxide condenser has a carbon dioxide outlet divided into first to fourth fluid branches; the carbon dioxide outlet of the negative pressure evaporative carbon dioxide condenser is connected to the high-pressure fluid inlet of the first carbon dioxide ejector through the first fluid branch pipeline, and the first solenoid valve is installed on the pipeline between the negative pressure evaporative carbon dioxide condenser and the first carbon dioxide ejector; the outlet of the first carbon dioxide ejector is connected to the inlet of the first carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator through a pipeline; the gaseous outlet of the first carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator is connected to the inlet of the compressor unit through a pipeline, and the second solenoid valve is installed on the pipeline between the first carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator and the compressor unit; the liquid outlet of the first carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator is connected to the inlet of the first electronic expansion valve through a pipeline; the outlet of the first electronic expansion valve is connected to the carbon dioxide inlet of the ice-making heat exchanger through a pipeline; and the carbon dioxide outlet of the ice-making heat exchanger is connected to the low-pressure fluid inlet of the first carbon dioxide ejector through a pipeline.

[0017] The carbon dioxide outlet of the negative pressure evaporative carbon dioxide condenser is connected to the high-pressure fluid inlet of the second carbon dioxide ejector via a second fluid branch pipeline. The third solenoid valve is installed on the pipeline between the negative pressure evaporative carbon dioxide condenser and the second carbon dioxide ejector. The outlet of the second carbon dioxide ejector is connected to the inlet of the second carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator via a pipeline. The gaseous outlet of the second carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator is connected to the inlet of the compressor unit via a pipeline. The fourth solenoid valve is installed on the pipeline between the second carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator and the compressor unit. The liquid outlet of the second carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator is connected to the inlet of the second electronic expansion valve via a pipeline. The outlet of the second electronic expansion valve is connected to the inlet of the first carbon dioxide storage tank via a pipeline. The gaseous outlet of the first carbon dioxide storage tank is connected to the low-pressure fluid inlet of the second carbon dioxide ejector via a pipeline.

[0018] The carbon dioxide outlet of the negative pressure evaporative carbon dioxide condenser is connected to the high-pressure fluid inlet of the third carbon dioxide ejector via a third fluid branch pipeline. The fifth solenoid valve is installed on the pipeline between the negative pressure evaporative carbon dioxide condenser and the third carbon dioxide ejector. The outlet of the third carbon dioxide ejector is connected to the inlet of the third carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator via a pipeline. The gaseous outlet of the third carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator is connected to the inlet of the compressor unit via a pipeline. The sixth solenoid valve is installed on the pipeline between the third carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator and the compressor unit. The liquid outlet of the third carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator is connected to the inlet of the third electronic expansion valve via a pipeline. The outlet of the third electronic expansion valve is connected to the inlet of the second carbon dioxide storage tank via a pipeline. The gaseous outlet of the second carbon dioxide storage tank is connected to the low-pressure fluid inlet of the third carbon dioxide ejector via a pipeline.

[0019] The carbon dioxide outlet of the negative pressure evaporative carbon dioxide condenser is connected to the high-pressure fluid inlet of the fourth carbon dioxide ejector via a fourth fluid branch pipeline. The seventh solenoid valve is installed on the pipeline between the negative pressure evaporative carbon dioxide condenser and the fourth carbon dioxide ejector. The outlet of the fourth carbon dioxide ejector is connected to the inlet of the fourth carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator via a pipeline. The gaseous outlet of the fourth carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator is connected to the inlet of the compressor unit via a pipeline. The eighth solenoid valve is installed on the pipeline between the fourth carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator and the compressor unit. The liquid outlet of the fourth carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator is connected to the inlet of the fourth electronic expansion valve via a pipeline. The outlet of the fourth electronic expansion valve is connected to the inlet of the third carbon dioxide storage tank via a pipeline. The gaseous outlet of the third carbon dioxide storage tank is connected to the low-pressure fluid inlet of the fourth carbon dioxide ejector via a pipeline.

[0020] The first carbon dioxide storage tank and the first cold storage heat exchanger form the first heat exchange medium circulation loop; wherein, the circulation side outlet of the first carbon dioxide storage tank is connected to the inlet of the first carbon dioxide delivery pump through a pipeline; the outlet of the first carbon dioxide delivery pump is connected to the carbon dioxide inlet of the first cold storage heat exchanger through a pipeline; and the carbon dioxide outlet of the first cold storage heat exchanger is connected to the circulation side inlet of the first carbon dioxide storage tank through a pipeline, thus forming the first heat exchange medium circulation loop.

[0021] The second carbon dioxide storage tank and the second cold storage heat exchanger form a second heat exchange medium circulation loop; wherein, the circulation side outlet of the second carbon dioxide storage tank is connected to the inlet of the second carbon dioxide delivery pump through a pipeline; the outlet of the second carbon dioxide delivery pump is connected to the carbon dioxide inlet of the second cold storage heat exchanger through a pipeline; and the carbon dioxide outlet of the second cold storage heat exchanger is connected to the circulation side inlet of the second carbon dioxide storage tank through a pipeline, thus forming the second heat exchange medium circulation loop.

[0022] The third carbon dioxide storage tank and the third cold storage heat exchanger form the third heat exchange medium circulation loop; wherein, the circulation side outlet of the third carbon dioxide storage tank is connected to the inlet of the third carbon dioxide delivery pump through a pipeline; the outlet of the third carbon dioxide delivery pump is connected to the carbon dioxide inlet of the third cold storage heat exchanger through a pipeline; and the carbon dioxide outlet of the third cold storage heat exchanger is connected to the circulation side inlet of the third carbon dioxide storage tank through a pipeline, thus forming the third heat exchange medium circulation loop.

[0023] In the above scheme, the energy management subsystem includes a photovoltaic data monitoring platform, a cold storage data monitoring platform, a total data monitoring platform, first to seventh power sensors, first to fourth current sensors, first to fourth voltage sensors, first to fifth pressure sensors, first to fifth temperature sensors, and first to third humidity sensors;

[0024] The photovoltaic data monitoring platform monitors real-time data of other power-consuming units based on the first power sensor, the first voltage sensor, and the first current sensor.

[0025] The photovoltaic data monitoring platform monitors real-time data of the cold storage power unit based on the second power sensor, the second voltage sensor, and the second current sensor.

[0026] The photovoltaic data monitoring platform monitors real-time data of the high-voltage grid-connected unit based on the third power sensor, the third voltage sensor, and the third current sensor.

[0027] The cold storage data monitoring platform monitors real-time data of the compressor unit based on the fourth power sensor, the fourth voltage sensor, and the fourth current sensor.

[0028] The cold storage data monitoring platform monitors the real-time power consumption of the first carbon dioxide delivery pump using a fifth power sensor, the real-time carbon dioxide pressure in the first carbon dioxide storage tank using a first pressure sensor, the real-time carbon dioxide temperature in the first carbon dioxide storage tank and the temperature inside the cold storage using a first temperature sensor, and the real-time humidity of the cold storage using a first humidity sensor. The platform also monitors the real-time power consumption of the second carbon dioxide delivery pump using a sixth power sensor, the real-time carbon dioxide pressure in the second carbon dioxide storage tank using a second pressure sensor, the real-time carbon dioxide temperature in the second carbon dioxide storage tank and the temperature inside the cold storage using a second temperature sensor, and the real-time humidity of the cold storage using a second humidity sensor. The seventh power sensor monitors the real-time power consumption of the third carbon dioxide delivery pump, the third pressure sensor monitors the real-time carbon dioxide pressure in the third carbon dioxide storage tank, the third temperature sensor monitors the real-time carbon dioxide temperature in the third carbon dioxide storage tank and the temperature inside the quick-freezing chamber, and the third humidity sensor monitors the real-time humidity in the quick-freezing chamber. The cold storage data monitoring platform monitors the real-time carbon dioxide pressure in the ice-making heat exchanger using a fourth pressure sensor and the real-time carbon dioxide temperature using a fourth temperature sensor. The cold storage data monitoring platform monitors the real-time pressure at the carbon dioxide inlet of the negative pressure evaporative carbon dioxide condenser using a fifth pressure sensor and the real-time temperature at the carbon dioxide inlet and outlet of the negative pressure evaporative carbon dioxide condenser using a fifth temperature sensor.

[0029] The second aspect provides a control method for a cold storage system, which performs the control of the aforementioned cold storage system, including:

[0030] Control the startup and operation of the energy management subsystem and the startup of the photovoltaic power generation system;

[0031] When the daily power generation of the photovoltaic power generation system meets the first preset condition, the second electrical switch is turned on, and the energy storage component operates normally.

[0032] When the energy storage capacity of the energy storage component reaches a first threshold, the energy storage component is controlled to supply power to the cold storage power unit. When the energy storage capacity is less than a second threshold, the power supply to the cold storage power unit is stopped, and the cold storage switches to conventional power.

[0033] The second aspect provides a control method for a cold storage system, which performs the control of the aforementioned cold storage system, including:

[0034] Control the startup and operation of the energy management subsystem and the startup of the photovoltaic power generation system;

[0035] When the daily power generation of the photovoltaic power generation system is less than or equal to the power consumption of other electrical loads, the first power switch is turned on, and the other electrical loads operate normally.

[0036] When the daily power generation of the photovoltaic power generation system is greater than the power consumption of other electrical loads but less than or equal to the sum of the power consumption of the cold storage and other electrical loads, the second power switch is turned on, and the energy storage components operate normally.

[0037] When the energy storage capacity of the energy storage component reaches the first threshold, the energy storage component is controlled to supply power to the cold storage power unit. When the energy storage capacity is less than the second threshold, the power supply to the cold storage power unit is stopped, and the cold storage switches to conventional power.

[0038] When the energy storage component supplies power to the cold storage power unit and the photovoltaic power generation is greater than other power loads and the cold storage power load, the third power switch is turned on, and the excess power will be fed into the power grid.

[0039] The aforementioned cold storage system and control method, through controlling the start-up and operation of the energy management subsystem, ensures all sensors are in working order; controls the start-up of the photovoltaic power generation system; when the daily power generation of the photovoltaic power generation system is less than or equal to the power consumption of other electrical loads, the first power switch is turned on, and other electrical loads operate normally; when the daily power generation of the photovoltaic power generation system is greater than the power consumption of other electrical loads but less than or equal to the sum of the power consumption of the cold storage load and other electrical loads, the second power switch is turned on, and the energy storage components operate normally; when the energy storage components reach 90% of their storage capacity, the energy storage components supply power to the cold storage power unit; when the storage capacity is less than 10%, power supply to the cold storage power unit is stopped, and the cold storage switches to conventional power; when the energy storage components supply power to the cold storage power unit and the photovoltaic power generation is greater than that of other electrical loads and the cold storage power load, the third power switch is turned on, and excess power is fed into the grid; and controls the start-up of the carbon dioxide refrigeration subsystem, thus achieving a near-zero energy consumption / near-zero carbon cold storage system. Attached Figure Description

[0040] Figure 1 A system block diagram of a cold storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown schematically;

[0041] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the system structure of the cold storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0042] Figure 3 The diagram illustrates the control flow chart of a cold storage system according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0044] 10a. Photovoltaic power generation system; 101a. Solar photovoltaic module; 102a. First power consumption branch; 103a. Second power consumption branch; 104a. Third power consumption branch; 105a. Other power consumption units; 106a. Cold storage power consumption unit; 107a. High-voltage grid connection unit; 20a. Carbon dioxide refrigeration subsystem; 201a. Compressor unit; 202a. Condensation unit; 203a. First cooling unit; 204a. Second cooling unit; 205a. Third cooling unit; 206a. Fourth cooling unit; 207a. Ice storage; 208a. Cold storage; 209a. Freezing storage; 210a. Quick-freezing storage; 30a. Energy management platform;

[0045] 101-104, First to Fourth Electrical Switches; 201-207, First to Seventh Power Sensors; 301-304, First to Fourth Current Sensors; 401-404, First to Fourth Voltage Sensors; 501-505, First to Fifth Pressure Sensors; 601-605, First to Fifth Temperature Sensors; 701-703, First to Third Humidity Sensors; 801-808, First to Eighth Solenoid Valves; 901-904, First to Fourth Carbon Dioxide Injectors; 10, Solar Photovoltaic Panels; 111-112, First to Second Photovoltaic Inverters; 121, Other Electrical Loads; 122, Cold Storage Electrical Loads; 131-134, First to Fourth... Carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator; 141-144, first to fourth electronic expansion valves; 151-153, first to third carbon dioxide storage tanks; 161-163, first to third cold storage heat exchangers; 171-173, first to third carbon dioxide transfer pumps; 181-182, first to second compressors; 191, photovoltaic data monitoring platform; 192, cold storage data monitoring platform; 193, overall data supervision platform; 20, solar controller; 21, voltage regulator; 22, energy storage components; 23, distribution box; 24, booster components; 25, high-voltage power grid; 26, negative pressure evaporative carbon dioxide condenser; 27, ice-making evaporator; 1c-4c, first to fourth fluid branches. Detailed Implementation

[0046] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0047] It is understood that the terms "first," "second," etc., used in this application may be used herein to describe various elements, but these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, without departing from the scope of this application, a first gesture test script may be referred to as a second gesture test script, and similarly, a second gesture test script may be referred to as a second gesture test script.

[0048] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a cold storage system is proposed. The cold storage system of this embodiment is used for the design of an ultra-low energy consumption cold storage refrigeration system, a photovoltaic system, and an energy management system.

[0049] The refrigeration system includes a photovoltaic power generation system 10a, a carbon dioxide refrigeration subsystem 20a, and an energy management subsystem 30a; wherein...

[0050] The photovoltaic power generation system includes a solar photovoltaic module 101a, a first power supply branch 102a, a second power supply branch 103a, and a third power supply branch 104a, which are connected in parallel. The first power supply branch 102a is used to supply power to other power supply units 105a in the surrounding park of the cold storage; the second power supply branch 103a is used to supply power to the cold storage power supply unit 106a; and the third power supply branch 104a is used for power transmission to the high-voltage grid-connected unit 107a.

[0051] The second power supply branch 103a of the photovoltaic power generation system 10a is connected to the compressor unit 201a of the carbon dioxide refrigeration subsystem 20a.

[0052] The carbon dioxide refrigeration subsystem includes a compression unit 201a, a condensation unit 202a, a first cooling unit 203a, a second cooling unit 204a, a third cooling unit 205a, and a fourth cooling unit 206a; wherein the first to fourth cooling units 203a to 206a are connected in parallel, the first cooling unit 203a is connected to an ice storage 207a, the second cooling unit 204a is connected to a 0-5℃ cold storage 208a, the third cooling unit 205a is connected to a -18 to -25℃ freezer 209a, and the fourth cooling unit 206a is connected to a -35 to -40℃ quick-freezing storage 210a.

[0053] The energy management subsystem 30a collects and monitors data in real time for the power consumption unit of the photovoltaic power generation system 10a and the cooling unit, compressor unit 201a, and condenser unit 202a of the carbon dioxide refrigeration subsystem 20a.

[0054] In some embodiments of the present invention, the solar photovoltaic module 101a includes a solar photovoltaic panel 10 and a solar controller 20; the first power supply branch 102a includes a first electrical switch 101 and a voltage regulator 21 connected in series; the second power supply branch 103a includes a second electrical switch 102, an energy storage component 22, a first photovoltaic inverter 111, and a distribution box 23 connected in series; the third power supply branch 104a includes a third electrical switch 103, a second photovoltaic inverter 112, and a boost converter 24 connected in series; the other power supply unit 105a includes other power loads 121; the cold storage power supply unit 106a includes a cold storage power load 122; and the high-voltage grid-connected power supply unit 107a includes a high-voltage power grid 25.

[0055] In some embodiments of the present invention, the photovoltaic power generation system includes a solar photovoltaic panel 10, a solar controller 20, first to fourth electrical switches 201-207, a voltage regulator 21, other electrical loads 121, an energy storage component 22, a first photovoltaic inverter 111, a second photovoltaic inverter 112, a distribution box 23, a cold storage electrical load 122, a boost converter 24, and a high-voltage grid 25. Along the current flow direction, the output port of the solar photovoltaic panel 10 is connected to the input port of the solar controller 20 via a wire. The solar controller 20 has first to third output ports. The first output port of the solar controller 20 is connected to the input port of the voltage regulator 21 via a wire. The first electrical switch 101 is located on the line between the solar controller 20 and the voltage regulator 21. The output port of the voltage regulator 21 is connected to the other electrical loads 121 via a wire.

[0056] The second output port of the solar controller 20 is connected to the input port of the energy storage component 22 via a wire. The second electrical switch 102 is installed on the line between the solar controller 20 and the energy storage component 22. The output port of the energy storage component 22 is connected to the first photovoltaic inverter 111 via a wire. The output port of the energy storage component 22 is connected to the input port of the first photovoltaic inverter 111 via a wire. The output port of the first photovoltaic inverter 111 is connected to the input port of the distribution box 23 via a wire. The output port of the distribution box 23 is connected to the input port of the cold storage electrical load 122 via a wire.

[0057] The third output port of the solar controller 20 is connected to the input port of the second photovoltaic inverter 112 via a wire, and the third electrical switch 103 is installed on the line between the solar controller 20 and the second photovoltaic inverter 112; the output port of the second photovoltaic inverter 112 is connected to the input port of the boost module 24 via a wire; and the output port of the boost module 24 is connected to the high-voltage grid 25 via a wire.

[0058] In some embodiments of the present invention, the compression unit 201a includes a first compressor 181 and a second compressor 182; the condensation unit 202a includes a negative pressure evaporative carbon dioxide condenser 26; the first cooling unit 203a includes a first solenoid valve 801, a second solenoid valve 802, a first carbon dioxide injector 901, a first carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator 131, and a first electronic expansion valve 141; the second cooling unit 204a includes a third solenoid valve 803, a fourth solenoid valve 804, a second carbon dioxide injector 902, a second carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator 132, a second electronic expansion valve 142, a first carbon dioxide storage tank 151, and a first carbon dioxide delivery pump 171; the third cooling unit 205a includes a fifth solenoid valve 805. The sixth solenoid valve 806, the third carbon dioxide injector 903, the third carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator 133, the third electronic expansion valve 143, the second carbon dioxide storage tank 152, and the second carbon dioxide delivery pump 172 are included; the fourth cooling unit 206a includes the seventh solenoid valve 807, the eighth solenoid valve 808, the fourth carbon dioxide injector 904, the fourth carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator 134, the fourth electronic expansion valve 144, the third carbon dioxide storage tank 153, and the third carbon dioxide delivery pump 173; the ice storage 207a corresponds to the ice-making heat exchanger 27; the cold storage 208a corresponds to the first cold storage heat exchanger 161; the freezer 209a corresponds to the second cold storage heat exchanger 162; and the quick-freezing storage 210a corresponds to the third cold storage heat exchanger 163.

[0059] In some embodiments of the present invention, the carbon dioxide refrigeration subsystem 20a includes a first compressor 181 and a second compressor 182, a negative pressure evaporative carbon dioxide condenser 26, first to fourth carbon dioxide ejectors 901 to 904, first to fourth carbon dioxide gas-liquid separators 131 to 134, first to fourth electronic expansion valves 141 to 144, first to eighth solenoid valves 801 to 808, first to third carbon dioxide storage tanks 153, first to third carbon dioxide transfer pumps 173, first to third cold storage heat exchangers 163, and an ice-making heat exchanger 27.

[0060] Along the direction of carbon dioxide flow, the outlet of the compressor unit 201a is connected to the carbon dioxide inlet of the negative pressure evaporative carbon dioxide condenser 26 via a pipe, wherein the compressor unit 201a includes at least one compressor and multiple compressors are connected in parallel.

[0061] The negative pressure evaporative carbon dioxide condenser 26 has a carbon dioxide outlet divided into first to fourth fluid branches 1c to 4c. The carbon dioxide outlet of the negative pressure evaporative carbon dioxide condenser 26 is connected to the high-pressure fluid inlet of the first carbon dioxide ejector 901 through the first fluid branch 1c. The first solenoid valve 801 is installed on the pipeline between the negative pressure evaporative carbon dioxide condenser 26 and the first carbon dioxide ejector 901. The outlet of the first carbon dioxide ejector 901 is connected to the inlet of the first carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator 131 through a pipeline. The gaseous outlet of the first carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator 131 is connected to the inlet of the compressor unit 201a through a pipeline. The second solenoid valve 802 is installed on the pipeline between the first carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator 131 and the compressor unit 201a. The liquid outlet of the first carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator 131 is connected to the inlet of the first electronic expansion valve 141 through a pipeline. The outlet of the first electronic expansion valve 141 is connected to the carbon dioxide inlet of the ice-making heat exchanger 27 through a pipeline. The carbon dioxide outlet of the ice-making heat exchanger 27 is connected to the low-pressure fluid inlet of the first carbon dioxide ejector 901 through a pipeline.

[0062] The carbon dioxide outlet of the negative pressure evaporative carbon dioxide condenser 26 is connected to the high-pressure fluid inlet of the second carbon dioxide ejector 902 via a second fluid branch pipe 2c. The third solenoid valve 803 is installed on the pipeline between the negative pressure evaporative carbon dioxide condenser 26 and the second carbon dioxide ejector 902. The outlet of the second carbon dioxide ejector 902 is connected to the inlet of the second carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator 132 via a pipeline. The gaseous outlet of the second carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator 132 is connected to the inlet of the compressor unit 201a via a pipeline. The fourth solenoid valve 804 is installed on the pipeline between the second carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator 132 and the compressor unit 201a. The liquid outlet of the second carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator 132 is connected to the inlet of the second electronic expansion valve 142 via a pipeline. The outlet of the second electronic expansion valve 142 is connected to the inlet of the first carbon dioxide storage tank 151 via a pipeline. The gaseous outlet of the first carbon dioxide storage tank 151 is connected to the low-pressure fluid inlet of the second carbon dioxide ejector 902 via a pipeline.

[0063] The carbon dioxide outlet of the negative pressure evaporative carbon dioxide condenser 26 is connected to the high-pressure fluid inlet of the third carbon dioxide ejector 903 via a third fluid branch pipe 3c. The fifth solenoid valve 805 is installed on the pipeline between the negative pressure evaporative carbon dioxide condenser 26 and the third carbon dioxide ejector 903. The outlet of the third carbon dioxide ejector 903 is connected to the inlet of the third carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator 133 via a pipeline. The gaseous outlet of the third carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator 133 is connected to the inlet of the compressor unit 201a via a pipeline. The sixth solenoid valve 806 is installed on the pipeline between the third carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator 133 and the compressor unit 201a. The liquid outlet of the third carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator 133 is connected to the inlet of the third electronic expansion valve 143 via a pipeline. The outlet of the third electronic expansion valve 143 is connected to the inlet of the second carbon dioxide storage tank 152 via a pipeline. The gaseous outlet of the second carbon dioxide storage tank 152 is connected to the low-pressure fluid inlet of the third carbon dioxide ejector 903 via a pipeline.

[0064] The carbon dioxide outlet of the negative pressure evaporative carbon dioxide condenser 26 is connected to the high-pressure fluid inlet of the fourth carbon dioxide ejector 904 via a fourth fluid branch pipe 4c. The seventh solenoid valve 807 is installed on the pipeline between the negative pressure evaporative carbon dioxide condenser 26 and the fourth carbon dioxide ejector 904. The outlet of the fourth carbon dioxide ejector 904 is connected to the inlet of the fourth carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator 134 via a pipeline. The gaseous outlet of the fourth carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator 134 is connected to the inlet of the compressor unit 201a via a pipeline. The eighth solenoid valve 808 is installed on the pipeline between the fourth carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator 134 and the compressor unit 201a. The liquid outlet of the fourth carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator 134 is connected to the inlet of the fourth electronic expansion valve 144 via a pipeline. The outlet of the fourth electronic expansion valve 144 is connected to the inlet of the third carbon dioxide storage tank 153 via a pipeline. The gaseous outlet of the third carbon dioxide storage tank 153 is connected to the low-pressure fluid inlet of the fourth carbon dioxide ejector 904 via a pipeline.

[0065] The first carbon dioxide storage tank 151 and the first cold storage heat exchanger 161 form the first heat exchange medium circulation loop 1b; wherein, the circulation side outlet of the first carbon dioxide storage tank 151 is connected to the inlet of the first carbon dioxide transfer pump 171 through a pipeline; the outlet of the first carbon dioxide transfer pump 171 is connected to the carbon dioxide inlet of the first cold storage heat exchanger 161 through a pipeline; and the carbon dioxide outlet of the first cold storage heat exchanger 161 is connected to the circulation side inlet of the first carbon dioxide storage tank 151 through a pipeline, thus forming the first heat exchange medium circulation loop 1b.

[0066] The second carbon dioxide storage tank 152 and the second cold storage heat exchanger 162 form a second heat exchange medium circulation loop 2b; wherein, the circulation side outlet of the second carbon dioxide storage tank 152 is connected to the inlet of the second carbon dioxide delivery pump 172 through a pipeline; the outlet of the second carbon dioxide delivery pump 172 is connected to the carbon dioxide inlet of the second cold storage heat exchanger 162 through a pipeline; and the carbon dioxide outlet of the second cold storage heat exchanger 162 is connected to the circulation side inlet of the second carbon dioxide storage tank 152 through a pipeline, thus forming the second heat exchange medium circulation loop 2b.

[0067] The third carbon dioxide storage tank 153 and the third cold storage heat exchanger 163 form the third heat exchange medium circulation loop 3b. The circulation outlet of the third carbon dioxide storage tank 153 is connected to the inlet of the third carbon dioxide transfer pump 173 via a pipe; the outlet of the third carbon dioxide transfer pump 173 is connected to the carbon dioxide inlet of the third cold storage heat exchanger 163 via a pipe; and the carbon dioxide outlet of the third cold storage heat exchanger 163 is connected to the circulation inlet of the third carbon dioxide storage tank 153 via a pipe, thus forming the third heat exchange medium circulation loop 3b. In this embodiment, the heat exchange medium in the circulation loop is carbon dioxide.

[0068] In some embodiments of the present invention, the energy management platform includes all components of the energy management subsystem 30a.

[0069] In some embodiments of the present invention, the energy management subsystem 30a includes a photovoltaic data monitoring platform 191, a cold storage data monitoring platform 192, a total data monitoring platform 193, first to seventh power sensors 201-207, first to fourth current sensors 301-304, first to fourth voltage sensors 401-404, first to fifth pressure sensors 501-505, first to fifth temperature sensors 601-605, and first to third humidity sensors 701-703. Specifically, the photovoltaic data monitoring platform 191 monitors real-time data using the first power sensor 201, the first voltage sensor 401, and the first current sensor 301; the photovoltaic data monitoring platform 191 monitors real-time data of the cold storage power unit 106a using the second power sensor 202, the second voltage sensor 402, and the second current sensor 302; and the photovoltaic data monitoring platform 191 monitors real-time data of the cold storage power unit 106a using the third power sensor 203, the third voltage sensor 403, and the third current sensor 303.

[0070] The cold storage data monitoring platform 192 monitors real-time data of compressor unit 201a using a fourth power sensor 204, a fourth voltage sensor 404, and a fourth current sensor 304; it monitors real-time power consumption of the first carbon dioxide transfer pump 171 using a fifth power sensor 205, real-time carbon dioxide pressure in the first carbon dioxide storage tank 151 using a first pressure sensor 501, real-time carbon dioxide temperature in the first carbon dioxide storage tank 151 and the temperature inside the cold storage 208a using a first temperature sensor 601, and real-time humidity data in the cold storage 208a using a first humidity sensor 701; it also monitors real-time power consumption of the second carbon dioxide transfer pump 172 using a sixth power sensor 206, real-time carbon dioxide pressure in the second carbon dioxide storage tank 152 using a second pressure sensor 502, real-time carbon dioxide temperature in the second carbon dioxide storage tank 152 and the temperature inside the cold storage 209a using a second temperature sensor 602, and real-time humidity data using a second humidity sensor 701. Sensor 702 monitors real-time humidity data of freezer 209a; the cold storage data monitoring platform 192 monitors real-time power consumption data of the third carbon dioxide transfer pump 173 using a seventh power sensor 207, real-time carbon dioxide pressure data of the third carbon dioxide storage tank 153 using a third pressure sensor 503, real-time carbon dioxide temperature data of the third carbon dioxide storage tank 153 and the temperature data inside the quick-freezing chamber 210a using a third temperature sensor 603, and real-time humidity data of the quick-freezing chamber 210a using a third humidity sensor 703; the cold storage data monitoring platform 192 monitors real-time carbon dioxide pressure data of the ice-making heat exchanger 27 using a fourth pressure sensor 504, and real-time carbon dioxide temperature data of the ice-making heat exchanger 27 using a fourth temperature sensor 604; the cold storage data monitoring platform 192 monitors real-time pressure data at the carbon dioxide inlet of the negative pressure evaporative carbon dioxide condenser 26 using a fifth pressure sensor 505, and real-time temperature data at the carbon dioxide inlet and outlet of the negative pressure evaporative carbon dioxide condenser 26 using a fifth temperature sensor 605.

[0071] like Figure 3 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a second aspect of the present invention provides a control method for a near-zero energy consumption / near-zero carbon cold storage system, which is implemented using the refrigeration system proposed in the first aspect of the present invention; the control method includes:

[0072] S1 controls the energy management subsystem 30a to start running and controls all sensors to be in working order;

[0073] S2 controls the startup of the photovoltaic power generation system 10a;

[0074] S3 When the daily power generation Q10a of the photovoltaic power generation system 10a is less than or equal to the power consumption Q121 of other electrical loads 121, the first power switch 101 is turned on and the other electrical loads 121 operate normally.

[0075] S4 When the daily power generation Q10a of the photovoltaic power generation system 10a is greater than the power consumption Q121 of other power loads 121 and less than or equal to the sum of the power consumption Q121+Q122 of the cold storage power load 122 and other power loads 121, the second power switch 102 is turned on and the energy storage component 22 operates normally.

[0076] S5 controls the energy storage component 22 to supply power to the cold storage power unit 106a when the energy storage capacity reaches 90%; when the energy storage capacity is less than 10%, the power supply to the cold storage power unit 106a is stopped, and the cold storage is switched to normal power supply.

[0077] When S6 supplies power to the cold storage power unit 106a according to the energy storage component 22 and the photovoltaic power generation is greater than that of other power loads 121 and cold storage power load 122, the third power switch is turned on and the excess power will be connected to the grid.

[0078] S6 controls the startup of the carbon dioxide refrigeration subsystem 20a;

[0079] S7 sets the evaporation temperature for cold storage 208a, freezer 209a, quick-freezing storage 210a, and ice storage 207a;

[0080] S8 starts according to the compressor unit 210a, controls the opening of the third solenoid valve 803, the fourth solenoid valve 804, the fifth solenoid valve 805, the sixth solenoid valve 806, the seventh solenoid valve 807, and the eighth solenoid valve 808, and simultaneously starts the first carbon dioxide transfer pump 171, the second carbon dioxide transfer pump 172, and the third carbon dioxide transfer pump 173.

[0081] S9 controls the closure of the third solenoid valve 803 and the fourth solenoid valve 804 when the air temperature of the cold storage 208a reaches the first temperature condition; controls the closure of the fifth solenoid valve 805 and the sixth solenoid valve 806 when the air temperature of the freezer 209a reaches the second temperature condition; and controls the closure of the seventh solenoid valve 807 and the eighth solenoid valve 808 when the air temperature of the quick-freezing storage 210a reaches the third temperature condition.

[0082] S10 controls the opening of the first solenoid valve 801 when the carbon dioxide refrigeration subsystem 20a is running during off-peak hours; and controls the closing of the first solenoid valve 801 when the carbon dioxide refrigeration subsystem 20a is running outside of off-peak hours; and then continues to operate.

[0083] In some embodiments of the present invention, the air temperature of the cold storage 208a is T161,air, the evaporation temperature of the cold storage 208a is T161, and the first temperature condition T161,air≤T161+5℃.

[0084] The temperature of the freezer 209a is T162,air, the evaporation temperature of the freezer 209a is T162, and the second temperature condition T162,air≤T162+5℃;

[0085] The temperature of the quick-freezing chamber 210a is T163,air, the evaporation temperature of the quick-freezing chamber 210a is T163, and the third temperature condition T163,air≤T163+5℃.

[0086] The evaporation temperature of the ice storage 207a is T27.

[0087] In some embodiments of the present invention, taking a 15,000 m2 cold storage facility as an example, the total building area is 25,000 m2, including a 5,000 m2 0℃ cold storage, a 5,000 m2 -18℃ freezing storage, and a 5,000 m2 0~18℃ variable temperature storage as an example, and the cold storage structure is a single-story building; the calculation conditions are as follows:

[0088] Based on a working hour of 10 hours / day, 365 working days;

[0089] Based on the average monthly temperature in Nanchang, Jiangxi has 1700 hours of sunshine per year;

[0090] Based on an electricity cost of 0.8 yuan / kWh;

[0091] The carbon emission factor is 0.581 kg CO2 / kWh, and the carbon emission of Freon is 3900 kg / kg.

[0092] Based on the aforementioned conditions, the initial investment percentage, operating cost percentage, carbon emission reduction percentage, and power consumption of the near-zero energy / near-zero carbon cold storage proposed in this invention and a traditional Freon cold storage were calculated; the calculation results are as follows:

[0093] Compared to traditional Freon cold storage, the initial investment increased by 20%;

[0094] Compared to traditional Freon cold storage, operating costs are reduced by 90%;

[0095] Compared to traditional Freon cold storage, carbon emissions are reduced by 91%;

[0096] Compared to traditional Freon cold storage, the power consumption of cold storage is reduced by 90%;

[0097] According to the calculation results, compared with traditional cold storage, it can basically achieve near-zero energy consumption / near-zero carbon cold storage construction, solving the problems of high energy consumption and high carbon emissions in the construction of cold storage systems.

[0098] Finally, it should be noted that the purpose of disclosing the embodiments is to help further understand the present invention. Although embodiments of the present invention have been described above, those skilled in the art will understand that various substitutions and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention and the appended claims. Therefore, the present invention should not be limited to the content disclosed in the embodiments, and the scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the scope of the claims.

[0099] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. This computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the methods described above. The aforementioned storage medium can be a non-volatile storage medium such as a magnetic disk, optical disk, or read-only memory (ROM), or random access memory (RAM).

[0100] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0101] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of this patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A cold storage system, characterized in that, include: A photovoltaic power generation system includes solar photovoltaic modules and a second power supply branch, which is connected to a carbon dioxide refrigeration subsystem for supplying power to the carbon dioxide refrigeration subsystem. The carbon dioxide refrigeration subsystem includes a compressor unit, a condenser unit, and multiple cooling units connected in parallel, each of which is connected to a different cold storage unit. The energy management subsystem is connected to both the photovoltaic power generation system and the carbon dioxide refrigeration subsystem, and performs data acquisition and real-time monitoring of the power consumption unit of the photovoltaic power generation system and the cooling unit and compressor unit of the carbon dioxide refrigeration subsystem. The plurality of cooling units include a first cooling unit, a second cooling unit, a third cooling unit, and a fourth cooling unit; the first cooling unit includes a first solenoid valve, a second solenoid valve, a first carbon dioxide injector, a first carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator, and a first electronic expansion valve; the second cooling unit includes a third solenoid valve, a fourth solenoid valve, a second carbon dioxide injector, a second carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator, a second electronic expansion valve, a first carbon dioxide storage tank, and a first carbon dioxide delivery pump; the third cooling unit includes a fifth solenoid valve, a sixth solenoid valve, a third carbon dioxide injector, a third carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator, a third electronic expansion valve, a second carbon dioxide storage tank, and a second carbon dioxide delivery pump; the fourth cooling unit includes a seventh solenoid valve, an eighth solenoid valve, a fourth carbon dioxide injector, a fourth carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator, a fourth electronic expansion valve, a third carbon dioxide storage tank, and a third carbon dioxide delivery pump.

2. The cold storage system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic power generation system also includes a first power supply branch and a third power supply branch, which are connected in parallel. The first power supply branch is connected to other power supply units in the surrounding park of the cold storage; the third power supply branch is connected to a high-voltage grid-connected unit. The first power supply branch includes a first electrical switch and a voltage regulator connected in series; the second power supply branch includes a second electrical switch, an energy storage component, a first photovoltaic inverter, and a distribution box connected in series; the third power supply branch includes a third electrical switch, a second photovoltaic inverter, and a boost converter connected in series; the other power supply units include other electrical loads; the cold storage power supply unit includes cold storage electrical loads; and the high-voltage grid-connected power supply unit includes a high-voltage power grid.

3. The cold storage system as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The photovoltaic power generation system also includes a solar controller, which has a first output port, a second output port, and a third output port; the first output port is connected to the input port of a voltage regulator via a wire, and a first electrical switch is installed on the line between the solar controller and the voltage regulator; the output port of the voltage regulator is connected to other electrical loads via a wire. The second output port is connected to the input port of the energy storage component via a wire, and the second electrical switch is installed on the line between the solar controller and the energy storage component; the output port of the energy storage component is connected to the first photovoltaic inverter via a wire; the output port of the energy storage component is connected to the input port of the first photovoltaic inverter via a wire; the output port of the first photovoltaic inverter is connected to the input port of the distribution box via a wire. The output port of the distribution box is connected to the load input port of the cold storage via a wire; The third output port of the solar controller is connected to the input port of the second photovoltaic inverter via a wire, and the third electrical switch is installed on the line between the solar controller and the second photovoltaic inverter; the output port of the second photovoltaic inverter is connected to the input port of the boost converter via a wire; the output port of the boost converter is connected to the high-voltage power grid via a wire.

4. The cold storage system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, in, The first to fourth cooling units are connected in parallel. The first cooling unit is connected to the ice storage, the second cooling unit is connected to the 0~5℃ cold storage, the third cooling unit is connected to the -18~-25℃ freezing storage, and the fourth cooling unit is connected to the -35~-40℃ quick-freezing storage.

5. The cold storage system as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The ice storage corresponds to an ice-making heat exchanger; the cold storage corresponds to a first cold storage heat exchanger; the freezer corresponds to a second cold storage heat exchanger; and the quick-freezing storage corresponds to a third cold storage heat exchanger.

6. The cold storage system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The compressor unit outlet is connected to the carbon dioxide inlet of the negative pressure evaporative carbon dioxide condenser via a pipeline. The compressor unit includes at least one compressor, and multiple compressors are connected in parallel. The negative pressure evaporative carbon dioxide condenser has a carbon dioxide outlet divided into first to fourth fluid branches. The carbon dioxide outlet of the negative pressure evaporative carbon dioxide condenser is connected to the high-pressure fluid inlet of the first carbon dioxide ejector via the first fluid branch pipeline. The first solenoid valve is installed on the pipeline between the negative pressure evaporative carbon dioxide condenser and the first carbon dioxide ejector. The outlet of the first carbon dioxide ejector is connected to the inlet of the first carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator via a pipeline. The gaseous outlet of the first carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator is connected to the inlet of the compressor unit via a pipeline. The second solenoid valve is installed on the pipeline between the first carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator and the compressor unit. The liquid outlet of the first carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator is connected to the inlet of the first electronic expansion valve via a pipeline. The outlet of the first electronic expansion valve is connected to the carbon dioxide inlet of the ice-making heat exchanger via a pipeline. The carbon dioxide outlet of the ice-making heat exchanger is connected to the low-pressure fluid inlet of the first carbon dioxide ejector via a pipeline. The carbon dioxide outlet of the negative pressure evaporative carbon dioxide condenser is connected to the high-pressure fluid inlet of the second carbon dioxide ejector via a second fluid branch pipeline. The third solenoid valve is installed on the pipeline between the negative pressure evaporative carbon dioxide condenser and the second carbon dioxide ejector. The outlet of the second carbon dioxide ejector is connected to the inlet of the second carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator via a pipeline. The gaseous outlet of the second carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator is connected to the inlet of the compressor unit via a pipeline. The fourth solenoid valve is installed on the pipeline between the second carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator and the compressor unit. The liquid outlet of the second carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator is connected to the inlet of the second electronic expansion valve via a pipeline. The outlet of the second electronic expansion valve is connected to the inlet of the first carbon dioxide storage tank via a pipeline. The gaseous outlet of the first carbon dioxide storage tank is connected to the low-pressure fluid inlet of the second carbon dioxide ejector via a pipeline. The carbon dioxide outlet of the negative pressure evaporative carbon dioxide condenser is connected to the high-pressure fluid inlet of the third carbon dioxide ejector via a third fluid branch pipeline. The fifth solenoid valve is installed on the pipeline between the negative pressure evaporative carbon dioxide condenser and the third carbon dioxide ejector. The outlet of the third carbon dioxide ejector is connected to the inlet of the third carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator via a pipeline. The gaseous outlet of the third carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator is connected to the inlet of the compressor unit via a pipeline. The sixth solenoid valve is installed on the pipeline between the third carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator and the compressor unit. The liquid outlet of the third carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator is connected to the inlet of the third electronic expansion valve via a pipeline. The outlet of the third electronic expansion valve is connected to the inlet of the second carbon dioxide storage tank via a pipeline. The gaseous outlet of the second carbon dioxide storage tank is connected to the low-pressure fluid inlet of the third carbon dioxide ejector via a pipeline.

7. The cold storage system as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The carbon dioxide outlet of the negative pressure evaporative carbon dioxide condenser is connected to the high-pressure fluid inlet of the fourth carbon dioxide ejector via a fourth fluid branch pipeline. The seventh solenoid valve is installed on the pipeline between the negative pressure evaporative carbon dioxide condenser and the fourth carbon dioxide ejector. The outlet of the fourth carbon dioxide ejector is connected to the inlet of the fourth carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator via a pipeline. The gaseous outlet of the fourth carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator is connected to the inlet of the compressor unit via a pipeline. The eighth solenoid valve is installed on the pipeline between the fourth carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator and the compressor unit. The liquid outlet of the fourth carbon dioxide gas-liquid separator is connected to the inlet of the fourth electronic expansion valve via a pipeline. The outlet of the fourth electronic expansion valve is connected to the inlet of the third carbon dioxide storage tank via a pipeline. The gaseous outlet of the third carbon dioxide storage tank is connected to the low-pressure fluid inlet of the fourth carbon dioxide ejector via a pipeline. A first heat exchange medium circulation loop is formed between the first carbon dioxide storage tank and the first cold storage heat exchanger; wherein, the circulation side outlet of the first carbon dioxide storage tank is connected to the inlet of the first carbon dioxide delivery pump through a pipeline; the outlet of the first carbon dioxide delivery pump is connected to the carbon dioxide inlet of the first cold storage heat exchanger through a pipeline; and the carbon dioxide outlet of the first cold storage heat exchanger is connected to the circulation side inlet of the first carbon dioxide storage tank through a pipeline, thus forming the first heat exchange medium circulation loop. A second heat exchange medium circulation loop is formed between the second carbon dioxide storage tank and the second cold storage heat exchanger; wherein, the circulation side outlet of the second carbon dioxide storage tank is connected to the inlet of the second carbon dioxide delivery pump through a pipeline; the outlet of the second carbon dioxide delivery pump is connected to the carbon dioxide inlet of the second cold storage heat exchanger through a pipeline; and the carbon dioxide outlet of the second cold storage heat exchanger is connected to the circulation side inlet of the second carbon dioxide storage tank through a pipeline, thus forming a second heat exchange medium circulation loop. A third heat exchange medium circulation loop is formed between the third carbon dioxide storage tank and the third cold storage heat exchanger; wherein, the circulation side outlet of the third carbon dioxide storage tank is connected to the inlet of the third carbon dioxide delivery pump through a pipeline; the outlet of the third carbon dioxide delivery pump is connected to the carbon dioxide inlet of the third cold storage heat exchanger through a pipeline; and the carbon dioxide outlet of the third cold storage heat exchanger is connected to the circulation side inlet of the third carbon dioxide storage tank through a pipeline, thus forming a third heat exchange medium circulation loop.

8. The cold storage system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The energy management subsystem includes a photovoltaic data monitoring platform, a cold storage data monitoring platform, a total data monitoring platform, first to seventh power sensors, first to fourth voltage sensors, first to fourth current sensors, first to fifth pressure sensors, first to fifth temperature sensors, and first to third humidity sensors; The photovoltaic data monitoring platform monitors real-time data of other power-consuming units based on the first power sensor, the first voltage sensor, and the first current sensor. The photovoltaic data monitoring platform monitors real-time data of the cold storage power unit based on the second power sensor, the second voltage sensor, and the second current sensor. The photovoltaic data monitoring platform monitors real-time data of the high-voltage grid-connected unit based on the third power sensor, the third voltage sensor, and the third current sensor. The cold storage data monitoring platform monitors real-time data of the compressor unit based on the fourth power sensor, the fourth voltage sensor, and the fourth current sensor. The cold storage data monitoring platform monitors the real-time power consumption of the first carbon dioxide delivery pump using a fifth power sensor, the real-time carbon dioxide pressure in the first carbon dioxide storage tank using a first pressure sensor, the real-time carbon dioxide temperature in the first carbon dioxide storage tank and the temperature inside the cold storage using a first temperature sensor, and the real-time humidity of the cold storage using a first humidity sensor. The platform also monitors the real-time power consumption of the second carbon dioxide delivery pump using a sixth power sensor, the real-time carbon dioxide pressure in the second carbon dioxide storage tank using a second pressure sensor, the real-time carbon dioxide temperature in the second carbon dioxide storage tank and the temperature inside the cold storage using a second temperature sensor, and the real-time humidity of the cold storage using a second humidity sensor. The seventh power sensor monitors the real-time power consumption of the third carbon dioxide delivery pump, the third pressure sensor monitors the real-time carbon dioxide pressure in the third carbon dioxide storage tank, the third temperature sensor monitors the real-time carbon dioxide temperature in the third carbon dioxide storage tank and the temperature inside the quick-freezing chamber, and the third humidity sensor monitors the real-time humidity in the quick-freezing chamber. The cold storage data monitoring platform monitors the real-time carbon dioxide pressure in the ice-making heat exchanger using a fourth pressure sensor and the real-time carbon dioxide temperature using a fourth temperature sensor. The cold storage data monitoring platform monitors the real-time pressure at the carbon dioxide inlet of the negative pressure evaporative carbon dioxide condenser using a fifth pressure sensor and the real-time temperature at the carbon dioxide inlet and outlet of the negative pressure evaporative carbon dioxide condenser using a fifth temperature sensor.

9. A control method for a cold storage system, characterized in that, The cold storage system as described in claim 1, wherein the control method includes: Control the startup and operation of the energy management subsystem and the startup of the photovoltaic power generation system; When the daily power generation of the photovoltaic power generation system meets the first preset condition, the second electrical switch is turned on, and the energy storage component operates normally. When the energy storage capacity of the energy storage component reaches a first threshold, the energy storage component is controlled to supply power to the cold storage power unit. When the energy storage capacity is less than a second threshold, the power supply to the cold storage power unit is stopped, and the cold storage switches to conventional power.

10. A control method for a cold storage system, characterized in that, The cold storage system as described in any one of claims 2 to 8, wherein the control method comprises: Control the startup and operation of the energy management subsystem and the startup of the photovoltaic power generation system; When the daily power generation of the photovoltaic power generation system is less than or equal to the power consumption of other electrical loads, the first power switch is turned on, and the other electrical loads operate normally. When the daily power generation of the photovoltaic power generation system is greater than the power consumption of other electrical loads but less than or equal to the sum of the power consumption of the cold storage and other electrical loads, the second power switch is turned on, and the energy storage components operate normally. When the energy storage capacity of the energy storage component reaches the first threshold, the energy storage component is controlled to supply power to the cold storage power unit. When the energy storage capacity is less than the second threshold, the power supply to the cold storage power unit is stopped, and the cold storage switches to conventional power. When the energy storage component supplies power to the cold storage power unit and the photovoltaic power generation is greater than other power loads and the cold storage power load, the third power switch is turned on, and the excess power will be fed into the power grid.

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