A double-triangle combined ground-supported three-dimensional arch truss large-span roof and its construction method

Abstract

This invention relates to a double-triangular combined ground-supported three-dimensional arch truss large-span roof and its construction method. The ground-supported three-dimensional arch truss assembly includes two sets of triangular ground-supported three-dimensional arch trusses, which are symmetrical about a central positioning point, intersect and are rigidly connected to form a hexagonal star structure. The interior of the ground-supported three-dimensional arch truss assembly forms a hexagonal space, and each of the six corners of the hexagonal space has an outer boundary single-layer reticulated shell. The beneficial effects of this invention are: the lateral support of the circumferential planar arc truss assembly is achieved by radially connecting steel beams to the roof; the overall force-bearing mode is formed by the outer boundary single-layer reticulated shell and the central single-layer reticulated shell. This achieves the architectural form and function of a multi-angled combined ground-supported large-span roof with a multi-directional large-span space at the bottom, a multi-directional arc surface on the roof, high load-bearing stiffness, and an entrance boundary structure, while reducing self-weight and ensuring load-bearing performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of structural engineering technology, and in particular relates to a double-triangular combined ground-supported three-dimensional arch truss large-span roof and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] Large-span truss roof systems are structural systems composed of multiple unidirectional or multidirectional truss structures. They have advantages such as light weight, large span, and high load-bearing capacity, and are widely used in large public buildings with large-span spatial functions such as airport terminals and stadiums, as well as building floors involving large-span indoor spatial functions.

[0003] Three-dimensional arch truss structures are a special type of truss structure system. They are primarily composed of spatial structural forms, exhibiting greater bending stiffness compared to planar truss structures, making them more suitable as the main load-bearing structure for large-span roofs. The arched form effectively converts vertical loads into axial forces in the truss chord members, resulting in even higher load-bearing capacity. Furthermore, the ground support method of the arch truss effectively achieves the arched roof design and the overall integrity of the truss system. Therefore, the rational and effective arrangement, quantity, and ground support method of the arched truss structure are crucial factors in the overall load-bearing performance of the system.

[0004] Due to the design and functional requirements of building entrance boundaries, three-dimensional arch trusses often need to be designed with sloping facades to further expand the spatial span. However, this also results in weaker lateral stability, affecting the overall load-bearing capacity of the truss system. Using planar curved truss structures to rigidly connect adjacent arch trusses can create a unified load-bearing mode. Therefore, the rational and effective connection and arrangement of the ground-level three-dimensional arch truss and the planar curved truss structure are crucial factors in ensuring the overall truss load-bearing capacity.

[0005] In addition, the three-dimensional arch truss large-span roof system has problems such as complex node connection structure, complex component composition, and load-bearing capacity and stiffness. Therefore, a reasonable and effective structural design and composition scheme for the double-triangular combination ground support three-dimensional arch truss large-span roof is also an important factor in ensuring its load-bearing capacity and normal use.

[0006] In summary, it is essential to study the form and design method of a double-triangular combined ground-supported three-dimensional arch truss large-span roof, which is applicable to the design and load-bearing of multi-angle combined ground-supported architectural roof structure system with multi-directional large-span space at the bottom, multi-directional curved surface of the roof, and entrance boundary structure. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a large-span roof with a double-triangular combined ground-supported three-dimensional arch truss and its construction method.

[0008] This double-triangle combined ground-supported three-dimensional arch truss large-span roof includes a main structure and an auxiliary structure; the main structure includes a ground-supported three-dimensional arch truss combination and a circumferential planar arc truss combination; the auxiliary structure includes radial connecting steel beams for the roof, an outer boundary single-layer reticulated shell and a central single-layer reticulated shell.

[0009] The ground-mounted three-dimensional arch truss assembly includes two sets of triangular ground-mounted three-dimensional arch trusses. The two sets of triangular ground-mounted three-dimensional arch trusses are symmetrical about the central positioning point, intersect and are rigidly connected to form a hexagonal star structure. The interior of the ground-mounted three-dimensional arch truss assembly forms a hexagonal space, and each of the six corners of the outer hexagonal space is provided with an outer boundary single-layer reticulated shell.

[0010] The circumferential planar arc truss assembly includes an outer ring planar arc truss and an inner ring planar arc truss, which are arranged at staggered rotation angles along the circumferential direction. The outer ring planar arc truss is located in a hexagonal space inside the ground-based three-dimensional arch truss assembly, and the inner ring planar arc truss is located inside the outer ring planar arc truss. A radially connecting steel beam for the roof is provided within the circumferential planar arc truss assembly as a lateral support member, which is arranged orthogonally to the planar arc truss. A central single-layer reticulated shell is provided on the inner side of the inner ring planar arc truss.

[0011] The circumferential planar arc truss is located inside the grounded multi-arch three-dimensional truss combination, forming the core support frame and serving as the main structure of the overall system; the outer boundary single-layer reticulated shell is located at the grounded intersection of the grounded three-dimensional arch truss combination, including multiple outer boundary single-layer reticulated shells arranged symmetrically on multiple sides in the circumferential direction; the central single-layer reticulated shell is arranged obliquely to form a grid-like single-layer reticulated shell structure.

[0012] As a preferred option, the triangular ground-mounted three-dimensional arch truss consists of three arc-shaped inverted triangular three-dimensional arch trusses arranged in an array around a central positioning point with rotation angles. In the same triangular ground-mounted three-dimensional arch truss, two adjacent arc-shaped inverted triangular three-dimensional arch trusses meet and connect at the ground end of the three-dimensional truss.

[0013] Preferably, the inclined angle of the sloping facade of the arc-shaped inverted triangular three-dimensional arch truss is 50-80°, the horizontal distance between the landing ends of adjacent three-dimensional trusses is 100-150m, and the height of the facade at the highest point in the middle of the arc-shaped inverted triangular three-dimensional arch truss is 20-30m; the height of a single arc-shaped inverted triangular three-dimensional arch truss is 1 / 25 to 1 / 20 of the span, and the cross-sections of the upper chord arch and the lower chord arch of the three-dimensional truss gradually decrease from the middle to both sides.

[0014] Preferably, one of the outer ring planar arc trusses and two sets of triangular ground-based three-dimensional arch trusses is rigidly connected, and several outer ring planar arc trusses are arranged radially from the outside to the inside within the hexagonal space; each outer ring planar arc truss is connected to two adjacent arc-shaped inverted triangular three-dimensional arch trusses at both ends.

[0015] Preferably, the three outermost planar arc trusses form a triangular space, and the innermost planar arc trusses are located within the triangular space. The two innermost planar arc trusses are connected at both ends to the two innermost planar arc trusses adjacent to the edge of the triangular space.

[0016] As a preferred option, the heights of the outer ring planar arc truss and the inner ring planar arc truss are determined based on the greater of 1 / 25 to 1 / 20 of the span and the height of the corresponding three-dimensional arch truss at the connection point; when the height of the planar arc truss is greater than the height of the corresponding three-dimensional arch truss at the connection point, the slopes at both ends are contracted to the height of the three-dimensional arch truss at the connection point for connection.

[0017] Preferably, the roof radial connecting steel beams are located between the outer ring planar arc truss assemblies and between the inner ring planar truss assemblies, with hinged connections at both ends. The roof radial connecting steel beams between the outer ring planar arc trusses include outer ring upper chord steel beams and outer ring lower chord steel beams, with the spacing between the outer ring lower chord steel beams being greater than that between the outer ring upper chord steel beams. The roof radial connecting steel beams between the inner ring planar arc trusses include inner ring upper chord steel beams and inner ring lower chord steel beams, with equal spacing between the inner ring upper chord steel beams and inner ring lower chord steel beams.

[0018] Preferably, the outer boundary single-layer reticulated shell includes radial outer boundary reticulated shell steel beams and circumferential outer boundary reticulated shell steel beams. The top view of each outer boundary single-layer reticulated shell is triangular. The ends of the outer boundary single-layer reticulated shells are connected to the upper chord of the ground-based three-dimensional arch truss assembly. The radial outer boundary reticulated shell steel beams are continuously installed, while the circumferential outer boundary reticulated shell steel beams are segmented and rigidly connected.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment, the central single-layer reticulated shell is located in the central region of the overall system, including radial central reticulated shell steel beams and circumferential central reticulated shell steel beams; the boundary ends of the central single-layer reticulated shell are connected to the inner ring planar arc truss to form a closed roof structure system.

[0020] The method for constructing this double-triangular combined ground-supported three-dimensional arch truss large-span roof includes the following steps:

[0021] S1. Two sets of triangular ground-based three-dimensional arch trusses are arranged in an array around the central positioning point to form a hexagonal star structure.

[0022] S2. An outer ring planar arc truss is set in a hexagonal space. The two ends of the outer ring planar arc truss are rigidly connected to two adjacent arc-shaped inverted triangular three-dimensional arch trusses in the same group of triangular ground-based three-dimensional arch trusses.

[0023] S3. An inner ring planar arc truss is set in the triangular space formed by the three outer ring planar arc trusses on the innermost side. The two ends of the inner ring planar arc truss are rigidly connected to the two adjacent innermost outer ring planar arc trusses. The outer ring planar arc trusses and the inner ring planar arc trusses together constitute the main structure.

[0024] S4. Assemble the roof radial connection steel beams between the outer ring planar arc trusses and the roof radial connection steel beams between the inner ring planar arc trusses;

[0025] S5. Set an outer boundary single-layer grid shell in the six corners outside the hexagonal space; set a central single-layer grid shell in the inner ring plane truss assembly to form a closed roof structure system.

[0026] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0027] 1) The double-triangular combined ground-supported three-dimensional arch truss large-span roof provided by the present invention has a reasonable structural system. It can realize the design and load-bearing capacity of the multi-directional large-span space at the bottom, the multi-directional curved surface of the roof and the multi-angle combined ground-supported architectural roof structure system of the entrance boundary structure. It fully utilizes the advantages of the multi-directional large-span space at the bottom, high load-bearing stiffness and multi-angle combined ground-supported architectural function of the entrance boundary of the three-dimensional arch truss large-span roof.

[0028] 2) The double-triangular combination ground-supported three-dimensional arch truss large-span roof of the present invention combines a ground-supported three-dimensional arch truss combination and a circumferential planar arc truss combination into a multi-angle combination ground-supported large-span integral truss structure. Lateral support of the circumferential planar arc truss combination is achieved through radially connected steel beams of the roof. The ground-supported three-dimensional arch truss combination is grounded at its intersection and the central area is closed by a single-layer reticulated shell at the outer boundary and a single-layer reticulated shell at the center, forming an overall stress mode. This can achieve the architectural form and function of a multi-angle combination ground-supported large-span roof with a multi-directional large-span space at the bottom, a multi-directional arc surface on the roof, high load-bearing stiffness, and an entrance boundary structure while reducing self-weight and ensuring load-bearing performance.

[0029] 3) Based on load-bearing performance analysis, the structure of the present invention can be used to control stress, lateral deformation and period ratio through indicators such as load-bearing capacity, overall lateral stiffness and torsional performance, further ensuring the rationality and effectiveness of the overall structural system.

[0030] 4) The double-triangular combination ground-supported three-dimensional arch truss large-span roof of the present invention has clearly defined component modules and clear force transmission. The overall system has a large multi-directional span at the bottom space, high load-bearing stiffness, and a beautiful multi-angle combination ground-supported curved roof and entrance boundary shape. It has broad application prospects in multi-angle combination ground-supported architectural large-span roof structure systems with a multi-directional large-span space at the bottom, a multi-directional curved roof surface, and an entrance boundary structure. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the three-dimensional arch truss large-span roof of the present invention. Figure 1a This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the double-triangle combined ground-supported three-dimensional arch truss large-span roof of the present invention. Figure 1b It is a schematic diagram of a ground-mounted three-dimensional arch truss assembly. Figure 1c It is a schematic diagram of a circumferential planar arc truss assembly. Figure 1d This is a schematic diagram of the radial connection steel beams of the roof. Figure 1e It is a schematic diagram of a single-layer reticulated shell at the outer boundary. Figure 1f (This is a schematic diagram of a central single-layer reticulated shell);

[0032] Figure 2 yes Figure 1a Diagram of the AA section;

[0033] Figure 3 yes Figure 1a Schematic diagram of the cross section of the middle BB;

[0034] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of CC section in the middle;

[0035] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the combination of ground-mounted three-dimensional arch truss and the combination of circumferential planar arc truss;

[0036] Figure 6 yes Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a single-span, ground-supported, three-dimensional arch truss;

[0037] Figure 7a This is a schematic diagram of the construction of the support node at the ground end of the ground-mounted three-dimensional arch truss assembly;

[0038] Figure 7b yes Figure 7a Sectional view of DD;

[0039] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the node structure of a ground-supported three-dimensional arch truss assembly or a circumferential planar arc truss assembly (wherein...) Figure 8a This refers to a steel truss node with vertical web members. Figure 8b (This refers to a steel truss node without vertical web members);

[0040] Figure 9 This is a flowchart illustrating the construction of an embodiment of the three-dimensional arch truss large-span roof of the present invention.

[0041] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagrams: 1. Upper chord arch of the three-dimensional truss; 2. Lower chord arch of the three-dimensional truss; 3. Horizontal member of the three-dimensional truss; 4. Vertical web member of the three-dimensional truss; 5. Diagonal web member of the three-dimensional truss; 6. Ground end of the three-dimensional truss; 7. Intersection node of the upper chord in the middle of the three-dimensional truss; 8. Intersection node of the lower chord in the middle of the three-dimensional truss; 9. Upper chord beam of the outer ring truss; 10. Lower chord beam of the outer ring truss; 11. Vertical web member of the outer ring truss; 12. Diagonal web member of the outer ring truss; 13. Connection end of the upper chord of the outer ring truss; 14. Connection end of the lower chord of the outer ring truss; 15. Upper chord beam of the inner ring truss; 16. Lower chord beam of the inner ring truss. 16. Chord beam; 17. Inner ring truss vertical web member; 18. Inner ring truss diagonal web member; 19. Inner ring truss upper chord connection end; 20. Inner ring truss lower chord connection end; 21. Outer ring upper chord steel beam; 22. Outer ring lower chord steel beam; 23. Inner ring upper chord steel beam; 24. Inner ring lower chord steel beam; 25. Radial outer boundary grid shell steel beam; 26. Circumferential outer boundary grid shell steel beam; 27. Radial central grid shell steel beam; 28. Circumferential central grid shell steel beam; 29. ​​Central positioning point; 30. Cross stiffening plate; 31. Vertical conversion stiffening plate; 32. Truss node stiffening plate. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments. The description of the embodiments below is only for the purpose of helping to understand the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] As one example, such as Figures 1a to 8b As shown, the double-triangle combined ground-supported three-dimensional arch truss large-span roof has a main structure including a ground-supported three-dimensional arch truss combination and a circumferential planar arc truss combination.

[0045] like Figure 1b , Figures 2-4 , Figures 5-6 As shown, the ground-supported three-dimensional arch truss assembly is located on multiple sides around the perimeter and consists of two sets: an upper triangular ground-supported three-dimensional arch truss and a lower triangular ground-supported three-dimensional arch truss, forming a hexagonal ground-supported three-dimensional arch truss assembly structure. The upper and lower triangular ground-supported three-dimensional arch trusses are each composed of three large-span, sloping, arc-shaped inverted triangular three-dimensional arch trusses arranged around the perimeter, corresponding to equilateral and inverted triangular arrangements in the top view, respectively. In this embodiment, both the upper and lower triangles are quasi-equilateral triangles with an included angle of 60 degrees, intersecting and rigidly connected to form a hexagonal star structure, creating a hexagonal space inside the ground-supported three-dimensional arch truss assembly.

[0046] Each arc-shaped inverted triangular three-dimensional arch truss has the same component composition and structural arrangement. They are arranged in an array around the central positioning point 29 by rotating at a certain angle, forming a circumferentially symmetrical arrangement, and are fixedly supported by the ground at both ends. Two adjacent arc-shaped inverted triangular three-dimensional arch trusses share the ground end 6, together forming the main structure of the grounded multi-arch three-dimensional truss. In this embodiment, the rotation angle of two adjacent arc-shaped inverted triangular three-dimensional arch trusses is 120°.

[0047] A single arc-shaped inverted triangular three-dimensional arch truss consists of an upper chord arch 1, a lower chord arch 2, horizontal members 3, vertical web members 4, and diagonal web members 5. At the ground end 6 of the three-dimensional truss, the end members of two adjacent arc-shaped inverted triangular three-dimensional arch trusses converge and connect at a point, and are fixedly supported on the ground structure or the roof slab structure of the basement.

[0048] The upper triangular ground-supported three-dimensional arch truss and the lower triangular ground-supported three-dimensional arch truss intersect at their respective arch trusses. They are rigidly connected at the intersection node 7 of the upper chord in the middle of the three-dimensional truss and the intersection node 8 of the lower chord in the middle of the three-dimensional truss to form an overall hexagonal ground-supported structure.

[0049] like Figure 1c , Figures 2-4 , Figure 5 As shown, the circumferential planar arc truss assembly is located inside the ground-based three-dimensional arch truss assembly and is composed of multiple sets of outer ring planar arc trusses and inner ring planar arc trusses distributed in corresponding groups along the circumferential direction; each set of outer ring planar arc trusses and inner ring planar arc trusses is composed of multiple outer ring oblique planar arc trusses and inner ring oblique planar arc trusses arranged at a certain distance along the radial direction.

[0050] The outer ring planar arc truss is composed of the outer ring truss upper chord beam 9, the outer ring truss lower chord beam 10, the outer ring truss vertical web members 11, and the outer ring truss diagonal web members 12. The two ends of each outer ring oblique planar arc truss are rigidly connected to two adjacent arc-shaped inverted triangular three-dimensional arch trusses through the outer ring truss upper chord connection end 13 and the outer ring truss lower chord connection end 14. The connection point is the three-dimensional truss upper chord arch 1 and the three-dimensional truss lower chord arch 2.

[0051] The outer ring planar arc truss is either entirely connected to the upper triangular ground-based three-dimensional arch truss, or entirely connected to the lower triangular ground-based three-dimensional arch truss.

[0052] The inner ring planar arc truss is composed of the inner ring truss upper chord beam 15, the inner ring truss lower chord beam 16, the inner ring truss vertical web members 17, and the inner ring truss diagonal web members 18. The two ends of each inner ring oblique planar arc truss are rigidly connected to the two innermost adjacent outer ring oblique planar arc trusses through the inner ring truss upper chord connection end 19 and the inner ring truss lower chord connection end 20. The connection point is the outer ring truss upper chord beam 9 and the outer ring truss lower chord beam 10.

[0053] The combination of circumferential planar arc trusses and ground-based three-dimensional arch trusses together constitute the core support framework, which is the main structure of the overall system.

[0054] Example 2

[0055] As another embodiment, this embodiment two proposes a more specific double-triangular combined ground-supported three-dimensional arch truss large-span roof based on embodiment one. The auxiliary structure includes radially connecting steel beams for the roof, an outer boundary single-layer reticulated shell, and a central single-layer reticulated shell.

[0056] like Figure 1d , Figures 2-4 As shown, the radial connecting steel beams of the roof include those located between the outer ring planar arc truss assemblies and those located between the inner ring planar truss assemblies; between the outer ring planar truss assemblies, they are composed of outer ring upper chord steel beams 21 arranged at small intervals and outer ring lower chord steel beams 22 arranged at large intervals; between the inner ring planar truss assemblies, they are composed of inner ring upper chord steel beams 23 and inner ring lower chord steel beams 24 arranged at uniform intervals.

[0057] The radial connecting steel beams of the roof are hinged or bolted at both ends. No internal partitions are required for the outer ring upper chord steel beam 21, outer ring lower chord steel beam 22, inner ring upper chord steel beam 23, and inner ring lower chord steel beam 24 at the connection points. In the upper chord layer of the circumferential plane arc truss, one radial connecting steel beam of the roof is arranged for each axis grid span. In the lower chord layer of the circumferential plane arc truss, one radial connecting steel beam of the roof is arranged for every 2-3 axis grid spans. When the inner ring area is small, the beams can be evenly distributed.

[0058] The outer boundary single-layer reticulated shell is located at the landing intersection of the ground-based three-dimensional arch truss assembly. It consists of multiple outer boundary single-layer reticulated shells arranged symmetrically on multiple sides in a circumferential direction. The top view of each outer boundary single-layer reticulated shell is a triangular arrangement area. Each outer boundary single-layer reticulated shell is composed of radial outer boundary reticulated shell steel beams 25 and circumferential outer boundary reticulated shell steel beams 26, forming a single-layer reticulated shell structure. The boundary is connected to the upper chord layer of the ground-based three-dimensional arch truss assembly, namely the upper chord arch 1 of the three-dimensional truss assembly.

[0059] The radial outer boundary reticulated shell steel beam 25 and the circumferential outer boundary reticulated shell steel beam 26 are orthogonally connected by rigid nodes; the radial outer boundary reticulated shell steel beam 25 is a continuous structure, while the circumferential outer boundary reticulated shell steel beam 26 is a segmented rigid connection structure.

[0060] like Figure 1f , Figures 2-4 As shown, the central single-layer reticulated shell is located in the central region and is composed of radial central reticulated shell steel beams 27 and circumferential central reticulated shell steel beams 28, which are arranged obliquely to form a grid-like single-layer reticulated shell structure; the boundary ends of the central single-layer reticulated shell are connected to the inner ring planar arc truss to form a closed roof structure system.

[0061] The facade curvature and tilt angle of the ground-supported three-dimensional arch truss combination, the planar triangular shape of the upper and lower triangular ground-supported three-dimensional arch trusses, the spacing and curvature of the circumferential planar arc truss combination, the grid area of ​​the boundary single-layer reticulated shell, and the grid form of the central single-layer reticulated shell can all be appropriately adjusted according to the requirements of architectural design, functional space, multi-directional spatial span, and boundary conditions. This will not affect the composition and assembly method of each component of the double-triangular combination ground-supported three-dimensional arch truss large-span roof of the present invention.

[0062] Compared to the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a large-span roof with a double-triangular combined ground-supported three-dimensional arch truss. This roof is based on a multi-angled combined ground-supported large-span truss structure, combining a ground-supported three-dimensional arch truss combination with a circumferential planar arc truss combination. Lateral support for the circumferential planar arc truss combination is achieved through radially connected steel beams. A single-layer reticulated shell at the outer boundary and a single-layer reticulated shell at the center provides a closed roof at the intersection of the ground-supported three-dimensional arch truss combination and in the central area, forming an overall stress-bearing mode. This allows for the design and load-bearing capacity of a multi-angled combined ground-supported architectural roof structure system, featuring a multi-directional large-span space at the bottom, a multi-directional curved roof surface, and an entrance boundary structure. Based on load-bearing performance analysis, and through overall performance control of component stress, deformation stiffness, and torsional period ratio, the advantages of this invention's double-triangular combined ground-supported three-dimensional arch truss large-span roof—multi-directional large span at the bottom, high load-bearing stiffness, multi-angled combined ground-supported curved roof surface, and entrance boundary design—can be further guaranteed.

[0063] It should be noted that the parts in this embodiment that are the same as or similar to those in Embodiment 1 can be referred to each other, and will not be repeated in this application.

[0064] Example 3

[0065] As another embodiment, this third embodiment proposes a more specific double-triangular combined ground-supported three-dimensional arch truss large-span roof based on the second embodiment.

[0066] The inclination angle of the sloping facade of a single inverted triangular arch truss is 50–80°, the horizontal distance between the two landing ends of the truss is 100–150m, and the height of the highest point of the truss's central section is 20–30m. The height of the truss is determined based on 1 / 25–1 / 20 of the span, and is 4–6m. In this embodiment, the inclination angle of the truss's facade is 60°, the horizontal distance between the landing ends is 100m, the height of the highest point of the central section is 24m, and the height of the truss itself is 4m.

[0067] A single inverted triangular arch truss has an outwardly convex arc shape when viewed from above. As the main supporting structure of the combined large-span roof, the inverted triangular arch truss has an elevation tilt angle of not less than 50° to avoid the overall overturning of the roof structure. The horizontal spacing between the landing ends of the inverted triangular arch truss is not less than 100m to realize the architectural function of a large longitudinal span. The elevation height at the highest point of the middle part of the inverted triangular arch truss is not less than 20m, which is a restriction on the large opening space function of the arched arch beam with a large opening boundary for further lateral expansion, and also a requirement for the height of the internal space.

[0068] All members of the single-span inverted triangular arch truss have circular steel tube cross-sections. The diameter of the circular steel tube cross-sections of the upper chord arch 1 and the lower chord arch 2 is 1000–1500 mm, with the cross-section gradually decreasing from the center to both sides. At the landing end 6, the two upper chord arches 1 and one lower chord arch 2 of the single-span inverted triangular arch truss converge at a single point. At the support nodes, internal cross stiffening plates 30 and vertical transition stiffening plates 31 are installed for internal diaphragm reinforcement and rigidly fixed to the ground structure. In this embodiment, the maximum diameter of the circular steel tubes of the upper chord arch 1 and the lower chord arch 2 at the center is 1200 mm.

[0069] The heights of the outer and inner ring planar arc trusses are determined based on the greater of 1 / 25 to 1 / 20 of the span and the height of the corresponding three-dimensional arch truss at the connection point. When the height of the planar arc truss is greater than the height of the corresponding three-dimensional arch truss at the connection point, the end slopes are contracted to the height of the three-dimensional arch truss at the connection point for connection. The elevation inclination angle of each planar arc truss arranged radially from the inside to the outside gradually increases. The connection method between the planar arc truss and the three-dimensional arch truss is that the circular steel pipes are connected by intersecting members, and the H-beams are connected by bolted welding. An inner diaphragm is added at the connection node for reinforcement to achieve a rigid node connection. In this embodiment, all connections are made by intersecting members of circular steel pipes.

[0070] The maximum span of each outer and inner ring planar arc truss is located in the middle, symmetrically distributed on both sides, with a span of 60-100m. The cross-section is a circular steel pipe or an H-beam, with a diameter of 300-600mm and a height of 300-600mm. The height of the planar arc truss is 3-6m. Truss node stiffening plates 32 are installed at the nodes for reinforcement. In this embodiment, the height of the highest outer and inner ring planar arc trusses in the middle is 4m.

[0071] The outer ring planar arc truss assembly and the inner ring planar arc truss assembly are arranged in an alternating manner around the central positioning point 29, rotating at a certain angle in the circumferential direction, to form an integral connecting structure. In this embodiment, the circumferential rotation angle is 60°.

[0072] The radial connecting steel beams of the roof serve as lateral support members for the skewed planar arc truss and also as load-bearing members for the vertical loads of the roof. The radial connecting steel beams are arranged according to the grid span, with each grid span being 8–12 m. In this embodiment, each grid span is 8 m, and one beam is arranged at a small interval of 8 m for the upper chord and a large interval of 16 m for the lower chord.

[0073] The cross-section of the radial connecting steel beams of the roof is a round steel pipe or an H-section steel, with the diameter of the round steel pipe or the height of the H-section steel being 400-600mm.

[0074] The cross-section of the outer boundary single-layer reticulated shell is a circular steel pipe or a box-shaped cross-section, with a diameter or side length of 300-600 mm.

[0075] The cross-section of the central single-layer reticulated shell is a circular steel pipe or a box-shaped cross-section, with a diameter or side length of 200-500 mm.

[0076] It should be noted that the parts in this embodiment that are the same as or similar to those in Embodiment 2 can be referred to each other, and will not be repeated in this application.

[0077] Example 4

[0078] As another embodiment, the construction process of the double-triangular combined ground-supported three-dimensional arch truss large-span roof described in Embodiment 3 is as follows: Figure 9 As shown:

[0079] S1, upper chord arch 1, lower chord arch 2, horizontal bar 3, vertical web bar 4, and diagonal web bar 5 of the three-dimensional truss form a single arc-shaped inverted triangular three-dimensional arch truss.

[0080] The three-arched triangular trusses are arranged in an array around the central positioning point 29, forming two sets of three arc-shaped inverted triangular three-dimensional arch trusses with multiple sides, namely the upper triangular ground-supported three-dimensional arch truss and the lower triangular ground-supported three-dimensional arch truss. They are connected and fixedly supported by the ground-supported ends 6 at both ends of the three-dimensional trusses. The support nodes at the ground-supported ends 6 of the three-dimensional trusses are reinforced with cross stiffening plates 30 and vertical conversion stiffening plates 31.

[0081] The upper triangular ground-supported three-dimensional arch truss and the lower triangular ground-supported three-dimensional arch truss intersect at the arch truss intersection, and are rigidly connected through the upper chord intersection node 7 and the lower chord intersection node 8 in the middle of the three-dimensional truss to form an overall hexagonal ground-supported structure.

[0082] S2, the outer ring truss upper chord beam 9, the outer ring truss lower chord beam 10, the outer ring truss vertical web member 11, and the outer ring truss diagonal web member 12 form a single outer ring planar arc truss. The truss node stiffening plate 32 is set at the node for reinforcement. The two ends of each truss are rigidly connected to two adjacent arc-shaped inverted triangular three-dimensional arch trusses through the outer ring truss upper chord connection end 13 and the outer ring truss lower chord connection end 14.

[0083] S3, the inner ring truss upper chord beam 15, the inner ring truss lower chord beam 16, the inner ring truss vertical web member 17, and the inner ring truss diagonal web member 18 form a single inner ring planar arc truss. The truss node stiffening plate 32 is set at the node for reinforcement. The two ends of each truss are rigidly connected to the two adjacent outer ring planar arc trusses through the inner ring truss upper chord connection end 19 and the inner ring truss lower chord connection end 20.

[0084] Each group of outer ring planar arc trusses and inner ring planar arc trusses are arranged symmetrically around the central positioning point 29. The combination of circumferential planar arc trusses and the combination of ground-based three-dimensional arch trusses together constitute the core support frame, which serves as the main structure of the overall system.

[0085] S4, the outer ring upper chord steel beams 21 with small intervals and the outer ring lower chord steel beams 22 with large intervals form the roof radial connecting steel beams between the outer ring planar truss assemblies; the inner ring upper chord steel beams 23 and inner ring lower chord steel beams 24 with uniform intervals form the roof radial connecting steel beams between the inner ring planar truss assemblies; the roof connecting steel beams are hinged at both ends.

[0086] S5, the outer boundary single-layer grid shell is located at the landing intersection of the ground-based three-dimensional arch truss combination. It is composed of multiple outer boundary single-layer grid shells arranged symmetrically on multiple sides in the circumferential direction. The orthogonal arrangement forms a grid-like single-layer grid shell structure. Each outer boundary single-layer grid shell is composed of radial outer boundary grid shell steel beam 25 and circumferential outer boundary grid shell steel beam 26. The boundary is connected to the upper chord arch 1 of the three-dimensional truss.

[0087] The central single-layer reticulated shell is located in the central region and consists of radial central reticulated shell steel beams 27 and circumferential central reticulated shell steel beams 28, which are arranged obliquely to form a grid-like single-layer reticulated shell structure. The boundary ends of the central single-layer reticulated shell are connected to the inner ring planar arc truss combination to form a closed roof structure system.

[0088] By analyzing load-bearing capacity and controlling component stress, overall stiffness, and torsional resistance, the overall load-bearing capacity of the structural system can be guaranteed.

[0089] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

Claims

1. A large-span roof with a double-triangular combined ground-supported three-dimensional arch truss, characterized in that, It includes the main structure and auxiliary structure; the main structure includes a combination of ground-mounted three-dimensional arch trusses and a combination of circumferential planar arc trusses; the auxiliary structure includes radially connected steel beams for the roof, a single-layer reticulated shell on the outer boundary, and a single-layer reticulated shell in the center; The ground-based three-dimensional arch truss assembly includes two sets of triangular ground-based three-dimensional arch trusses. The two sets of triangular ground-based three-dimensional arch trusses are symmetrical about the central positioning point (29), intersect and are rigidly connected to form a hexagonal star structure. The interior of the ground-based three-dimensional arch truss assembly forms a hexagonal space, and each of the six corners of the hexagonal space is provided with an outer boundary single-layer reticulated shell. The circumferential planar arc truss assembly includes an outer ring planar arc truss and an inner ring planar arc truss, which are arranged at staggered rotation angles along the circumferential direction. The outer ring planar arc truss is located in a hexagonal space inside the ground-based three-dimensional arch truss assembly, and the inner ring planar arc truss is located inside the outer ring planar arc truss. A radially connecting steel beam for the roof is provided within the circumferential planar arc truss assembly as a lateral support member, which is arranged orthogonally to the planar arc truss. A central single-layer reticulated shell is provided on the inner side of the inner ring planar arc truss. The circumferential planar arc truss is located inside the grounded multi-arch three-dimensional truss combination, forming the core support frame and serving as the main structure of the overall system; the outer boundary single-layer reticulated shell is located at the grounded intersection of the grounded three-dimensional arch truss combination, including multiple outer boundary single-layer reticulated shells arranged symmetrically on multiple sides in the circumferential direction; the central single-layer reticulated shell is arranged obliquely to form a grid-like single-layer reticulated shell structure.

2. The double-triangular combined ground-supported three-dimensional arch truss large-span roof according to claim 1, characterized in that, The triangular ground-mounted three-dimensional arch truss is arranged in an array of three arc-shaped inverted triangular three-dimensional arch trusses around the central positioning point (29) by rotation angle. In the same triangular ground-mounted three-dimensional arch truss, two adjacent arc-shaped inverted triangular three-dimensional arch trusses meet and connect at the ground end (6) of the three-dimensional truss.

3. The double-triangular combined ground-supported three-dimensional arch truss large-span roof according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inclination angle of the inclined facade of the arc-shaped inverted triangular three-dimensional arch truss is 50-80°, the horizontal distance between the landing ends (6) of adjacent three-dimensional trusses is 100-150m, and the height of the facade at the highest point in the middle of the arc-shaped inverted triangular three-dimensional arch truss is 20-30m; the height of a single arc-shaped inverted triangular three-dimensional arch truss is 1 / 25 to 1 / 20 of the span, and the cross-sections of the upper chord arch (1) and the lower chord arch (2) of the three-dimensional truss gradually decrease from the middle to both sides.

4. The double-triangular combined ground-supported three-dimensional arch truss large-span roof according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer ring planar arc truss and one of the two sets of triangular ground-based three-dimensional arch trusses are rigidly connected. Several outer ring planar arc trusses are arranged radially from the outside to the inside within the hexagonal space. Each outer ring planar arc truss is connected to two adjacent arc-shaped inverted triangular three-dimensional arch trusses at both ends.

5. The double-triangular combined ground-supported three-dimensional arch truss large-span roof according to claim 4, characterized in that, The innermost three outer ring planar arc trusses form a triangular space, and the inner ring planar arc trusses are located within the triangular space. The two inner ring planar arc trusses are connected at both ends to the two innermost outer ring planar arc trusses adjacent to the edge of the triangular space. The heights of the outer and inner ring planar arc trusses are determined based on the greater of 1 / 25 to 1 / 20 of the span and the height of the corresponding three-dimensional arch truss at the connection point. When the height of the planar arc truss is greater than the height of the corresponding three-dimensional arch truss at the connection point, the slopes at both ends are contracted to the height of the three-dimensional arch truss at the connection point for connection.

6. The double-triangular combined ground-supported three-dimensional arch truss large-span roof according to claim 1, characterized in that, The roof radial connecting steel beams are located between the outer ring planar arc truss assemblies and between the inner ring planar truss assemblies, and the two ends of the roof connecting steel beams are hinged. The roof radial connecting steel beams between the outer ring planar arc trusses include the outer ring upper chord steel beam (21) and the outer ring lower chord steel beam (22), and the arrangement interval of the outer ring lower chord steel beam (22) is greater than that of the outer ring upper chord steel beam (21). The roof radial connecting steel beams between the inner ring planar arc trusses include the inner ring upper chord steel beam (23) and the inner ring lower chord steel beam (24), and the arrangement interval of the inner ring upper chord steel beam (23) and the inner ring lower chord steel beam (24) is equal.

7. The double-triangular combined ground-supported three-dimensional arch truss large-span roof according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer boundary single-layer reticulated shell includes radial outer boundary reticulated shell steel beams (25) and circumferential outer boundary reticulated shell steel beams (26). The top view of each outer boundary single-layer reticulated shell is triangular. The ends of the outer boundary single-layer reticulated shells are connected to the upper chord of the ground-based three-dimensional arch truss assembly. The radial outer boundary reticulated shell steel beams (25) are continuously installed, while the circumferential outer boundary reticulated shell steel beams (26) are segmented rigidly connected. The central single-layer reticulated shell is located in the central region of the overall system, including radial central reticulated shell steel beams (27) and circumferential central reticulated shell steel beams (28); the boundary ends of the central single-layer reticulated shell are connected to the inner ring planar arc truss to form a closed roof structure system.

8. The method for constructing a large-span roof with a double-triangular combined ground-supported three-dimensional arch truss as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Two sets of triangular ground-based three-dimensional arch trusses are arranged in an angle array around the central positioning point (29) to form a hexagonal star structure; S2. An outer ring planar arc truss is set in a hexagonal space. The two ends of the outer ring planar arc truss are rigidly connected to two adjacent arc-shaped inverted triangular three-dimensional arch trusses in the same group of triangular ground-based three-dimensional arch trusses. S3. An inner ring planar arc truss is set in the triangular space formed by the three outer ring planar arc trusses on the innermost side. The two ends of the inner ring planar arc truss are rigidly connected to the two adjacent innermost outer ring planar arc trusses. The outer ring planar arc trusses and the inner ring planar arc trusses together constitute the main structure. S4. Assemble the roof radial connection steel beams between the outer ring planar arc trusses and the roof radial connection steel beams between the inner ring planar arc trusses; S5. Set an outer boundary single-layer grid shell in the six corners outside the hexagonal space; set a central single-layer grid shell in the inner ring plane truss assembly to form a closed roof structure system.

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