A low-energy building basement exterior wall insulation structure and construction method

Abstract

This invention relates to the technical field of passive building exterior wall insulation structures, specifically a low-energy building basement exterior wall insulation structure and construction method. It employs connectors between double-layer insulation boards within an inner insulation layer, using cup-shaped fasteners to connect the inner insulation board. Press-fit nuts and washers secure the outer and inner insulation boards, allowing for adjustment of the outer insulation board's flatness. Through slot and insert fittings, the vertical connection between the base plate and bottom insulation layer, and the horizontal connection between the inner insulation board and the exterior wall are achieved. The slot and insert form an inner waterproof layer. The vertical installation of the bottom insulation layer and the horizontal installation of the inner insulation board ensure a long-lasting and effective waterproofing effect for the inner waterproof layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of passive building exterior wall insulation structures, specifically to a low-energy building basement exterior wall insulation structure and construction method. Background Technology

[0002] With the development and progress of the construction industry, the requirements for building insulation are also increasing. Current active insulation measures, including heating and air conditioning, are effective but consume too much energy. Therefore, passive low-energy buildings have emerged. Compared with traditional buildings, passive low-energy buildings consume less energy and offer greater comfort. They have been rapidly promoted and widely applied abroad, and some building design standards have been established in China.

[0003] Passive building basement exterior wall insulation typically employs double-layer insulation boards, which require staggered installation. Current technologies generally use adhesives for bonding, but these only ensure adhesion between the layers and cannot guarantee the flatness of the outer insulation boards after installation. Once the adhesive takes effect, the flatness of adjacent outer insulation boards cannot be adjusted, resulting in suboptimal insulation quality. Furthermore, basement exterior wall insulation often includes a double-layer waterproofing structure. However, after construction or a period of use, the waterproofing membrane is prone to sagging or shifting, compromising its long-term effectiveness. For example, while CN110130518A discloses a passive building basement exterior wall insulation construction method using double-layer insulation boards, it does not disclose how to adjust the flatness of the outer insulation boards during connection. This technology also uses a double-layer waterproofing structure, but the waterproofing is only applied with a cold primer, failing to address the issue of prolonged waterproofing effectiveness. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the existing basement insulation structure using double-layer insulation boards cannot ensure flatness, and the waterproof structure is prone to sagging or movement of the waterproof membrane after a period of use, which makes it impossible to guarantee the waterproof effect for a long time.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the inventors, through practice and summarization, derived the technical solution of this invention, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A low-energy building basement exterior wall insulation structure includes an exterior wall and a base slab. The exterior wall is provided with an exterior insulation layer, an exterior waterproof layer, an interior insulation layer and an interior waterproof layer from the outside to the inside.

[0007] The inner insulation layer includes an inner insulation board and an outer insulation board. The inner and outer insulation boards are installed together by multiple connectors with staggered joints. The connectors include cup buckles anchored to the inner insulation board. A connecting rod is fixed in the middle of the cup buckle. The connecting rod passes through the outer insulation board and is fitted with a gasket and a pressing nut on the outside. The pressing nut is adapted to press the gasket and pull the cup buckle outward.

[0008] The outer waterproof layer and the outer insulation layer are connected by adhesive.

[0009] A bottom insulation layer is installed at the bottom of the inner insulation layer, which is located between the inner and outer waterproof layers.

[0010] Inserts are provided at the top of the base plate and near the base of the exterior wall. Slots are provided on the bottom insulation layer and the inner insulation layer to fit the corresponding inserts. The bottom insulation layer is adapted to be vertically fitted with the inserts on the base plate via the slots, and the inner insulation layer is adapted to be horizontally fitted with the inserts on the exterior wall via the slots.

[0011] Furthermore, the inner insulation board has a connecting groove on one side relative to the outer insulation board, the thickness of the cup buckle gradually increases from the middle to the periphery, and a pressure ring is fitted on the outer side of the connecting rod. The pressure ring is located between the cup buckle and the outer insulation board. The pressure ring is suitable for pressing the cup buckle into the connecting groove by pressing it with the outer insulation board when the connecting rod is pulled outward by the nut.

[0012] Furthermore, the connecting rod and the cup buckle are made of heat-insulating material, and the connecting rod has a hollow structure. One end of the connecting rod passes through the cup buckle and the connecting groove, and this end is suitable for having an air intake end and an adhesive injection end distributed vertically. The other end of the connecting rod is suitable for installing an adhesive injection head and an exhaust head. The adhesive injection head is suitable for injecting adhesive into the connecting groove through the adhesive injection end and for exhausting air through the air intake end and the exhaust head. A sealing structure is installed at the exhaust head.

[0013] Furthermore, a clamping body is rotatably installed on both sides inside the slot. A support rod is rotatably installed on the back of the clamping body. A slide bar is rotatably installed on the free end of the support rod. A rack suitable for unidirectional movement of the slide bar is installed on the inner wall of the slot. A pressure bearing body is provided at one end of the clamping body, which is suitable for being positioned directly opposite the insert. A spring is connected between the back of the pressure bearing body and the slot. The pressure bearing body is suitable for rotating the clamping body after contacting the insert, while the slide bar moves along the rack to clamp and fix the insert.

[0014] Furthermore, the slide bar includes a toothed plate that meshes with the rack and a U-shaped frame that is rotatably mounted with the support rod. The toothed plate is slidably arranged on the inner side of the U-shaped frame. A handle is movably mounted on the U-shaped frame. One end of the handle is mounted on the toothed plate and the other end passes through the U-shaped frame. A reset body is fitted on the outer side of the handle located inside the U-shaped frame. The two ends of the reset body abut against the toothed plate and the inner wall of the U-shaped frame, respectively.

[0015] Furthermore, an extrusion body is installed on the bottom insulation layer. The extrusion body includes a connecting piece at both ends that is bolted to the bottom insulation layer. An adjusting rod is rotatably installed in the middle of the connecting piece. A sliding sleeve is threaded to the outer side of the adjusting rod and is located on the side of the connecting piece facing the inner waterproof layer. Two rotating rods are rotatably installed on both sides of the sliding sleeve, and a pressing body is rotatably installed on the free end of the rotating rod. A tension spring is installed on the side of the two rotating rods on the same side near the free end. The pressing body is suitable for pressing and fixing the inner waterproof layer.

[0016] Furthermore, the inner insulation board and the bottom insulation layer are connected by a sealing body. The sealing body includes two flexible connectors suitable for fixing the inner insulation board and the bottom insulation layer from the inside and outside. A waist-shaped tension body is suitable for integrally connecting the two flexible connectors. The waist-shaped tension body is suitable for stretching the flexible connectors from the inside and outside. The flexible connectors are suitable for entering the inner insulation board and the bottom insulation layer in one direction and locking and pulling the inner insulation board and the bottom insulation layer in the opposite direction.

[0017] Furthermore, the waist-shaped stretching body includes an outer body and an inner body. The outer body is symmetrically arranged with two sets of flexible connectors at both ends, and the inner body consists of several thin sheet structures at both ends that are connected to the outer body.

[0018] Furthermore, when the outer body is in a linear state and the inner body is in a curved state under natural conditions, when the sealing body connects the inner insulation board and the bottom insulation layer, the outer body changes to a stable waist-shaped state and the inner body changes to a stable linear state, and the inner insulation board and the bottom insulation layer are pulled by the flexible connector.

[0019] The construction method and steps for the thermal insulation structure of the basement exterior wall of a low-energy building are as follows:

[0020] Step 1: Concrete pouring for exterior walls and foundation slab

[0021] Pouring the base slab concrete: Level and clean the base slab leveling layer, install support formwork around the leveling layer, tie steel mesh inside the support formwork and expose part of the external wall steel reinforcement, pour the base slab concrete to the design elevation and level the top surface of the base slab concrete, and remove the support formwork after the concrete strength reaches the design strength.

[0022] Pouring exterior wall concrete:

[0023] Tie the external wall reinforcement, mark the support formwork installation line on the base plate, and install the corresponding support formwork along the support formwork installation line. Install two support formworks by tie bolts to ensure the verticality of the support formwork. Pour the external wall concrete. After the concrete strength reaches the design requirements, remove the support formwork.

[0024] The structure of the corresponding insert must be formed simultaneously when pouring the concrete.

[0025] Step 2: Construction of the inner waterproof layer

[0026] Apply cold primer to the exterior wall surface and the exterior surface of the base plate, and lay the waterproof membrane flat to form an inner waterproof layer. When laying the waterproof membrane, it is necessary to ensure that the corresponding outer surface of the insert is laid flat.

[0027] Step 3: Installation of the bottom insulation layer and inner insulation board

[0028] Apply adhesive to the surface of the waterproof membrane on the base plate, install the bottom insulation layer vertically and horizontally, and complete the flat laying of the bottom insulation layer by vertical installation through slots and inserts.

[0029] Apply adhesive to the surface of the waterproof membrane on the exterior wall, install the inner insulation board horizontally, and complete the flat laying of the bottom insulation layer by horizontally installing it through slots and inserts.

[0030] Step 4: Waterproofing treatment of the joints between the base slab and the exterior wall

[0031] By rotating the adjusting rod, the sliding sleeve is driven to gradually approach the node, and the pressure roller will gradually approach the node to complete the pressing and fixing of the inner backwater layer at the node.

[0032] Step 5: Installation of outer insulation board

[0033] Insert the connecting rod into the connecting groove along with the cup buckle. Fit a pressure ring on the outside of the connecting rod. Fill the connecting rod and connecting groove with glue through the glue injection head. Horizontally fit the outer insulation board onto the outside of the connecting rod along its axial direction. By adjusting the pressing nut, gradually press the outer insulation board towards the inner insulation board through the washer. At the same time, the pressure ring can enter the connecting groove to complete the pressing and fixing of the cup buckle. Apply glue to the connecting rod and pressing nut on the outer insulation board. Then, use a material of the same insulation board material to glue and fix the end of the connector to complete the sealing. The pressing nut can ensure the flatness of the two adjacent outer insulation boards.

[0034] Step Six: Construction of the Outer Waterproofing Layer

[0035] Apply cold primer to the surface of the outer insulation board and the outer side of the inner waterproof layer on the side of the bottom plate, and then lay the outer waterproof layer smoothly.

[0036] Step 7: Construction of the outer protective layer

[0037] Apply adhesive to the surface of the outer waterproof layer, and then lay the outer protective layer flat. The outer protective layer is made of polyurethane foam board.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0039] This invention employs a connector between two layers of insulation boards within an inner insulation layer. The connector uses a cup-shaped fastener to connect the inner insulation board, and then uses a pressing nut and washer to press and fix the outer and inner insulation boards together. This allows for adjustment of the flatness of the outer insulation board. Through the fitting of slots and inserts, the vertical connection between the base plate and the bottom insulation layer, and the horizontal connection between the inner insulation board and the outer wall are achieved. The slots and inserts form an inner waterproof layer. The vertical installation of the bottom insulation layer and the horizontal installation of the inner insulation board ensure that the inner waterproof layer provides a long-lasting and effective waterproofing effect.

[0040] This invention uses a pressing nut to pull the connecting rod outwards to secure the cup buckle, allowing it to be pressed and installed within the tapered connecting groove. This ensures the connection strength between the two components while also ensuring the adhesive is evenly distributed between them. The connecting rod has a hollow structure suitable for injecting adhesive into the connecting groove. Adhesive is injected into the groove through the injection head and injection end. During injection, venting is achieved through the vent and vent head, ensuring the connecting groove is properly coated with adhesive. The pressing ring then secures the cup buckle to the connecting groove.

[0041] In this invention, a clamping body is used in the slot. The clamping body is used to clamp the insert into the slot and press and fix the inner waterproof layer to the insert. The clamping body is rotated in one direction by the support rod on the back of the clamping body and fixed after clamping the insert. This allows the bottom insulation layer and the inner insulation board to be rigidly installed, and the inner waterproof layer is effectively fixed to prevent sagging or displacement after a long period of time.

[0042] This invention adds an extrusion body to the bottom insulation structure. The adjustment action of the extrusion body's adjustment rod drives the sliding sleeve to move along the adjustment rod axis, causing the two rotating rods to move. The waterproof membrane located near the joint between the bottom plate and the outer wall is rolled. When the two pressing bodies near the joint are adjusted to gradually move to the joint, the anti-displacement treatment of the waterproof membrane at the joint is completed. Attached Figure Description

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of the joints between the exterior wall and the base slab;

[0045] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the medium-sized extruded body;

[0046] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the connection relationship between the inner insulation board and the outer insulation board in this invention;

[0047] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the middle connector;

[0048] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the end sealing structure of the connecting rod, where the upper diagram is the structural diagram before glue injection and the lower diagram is the structural diagram after glue injection;

[0049] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of another embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A close-up view of the interposer and slot;

[0051] Figure 9 for Figure 8 Cross-sectional view of the middle slider;

[0052] Figure 10 This diagram shows the connection relationship between the bottom insulation board and the inner insulation board.

[0053] Figure 11 The diagram shows the state of the seal. The top diagram shows the state before installation, and the bottom diagram shows the state after installation.

[0054] In the diagram: 1. Base plate; 2. Exterior wall; 3. Outer protective layer; 4. Inner insulation layer; 41. Inner insulation board; 42. Outer insulation board; 5. Inner waterproof layer; 6. Connector; 61. Cup buckle; 62. Connecting rod; 621. Air vent; 622. Glue injection end; 623. Exhaust head; 624. Exhaust head; 625. Sealing structure; 63. Press-fit nut; 64. Washer; 7. Bottom insulation layer; 71. Extruded body; 72. Connecting piece; 73. Adjusting rod; 74. 75. Holding body; 76. Rotating rod; 77. Tension spring; 78. Sliding sleeve; 8. Outer waterproof layer; 9. Insert body; 10. Slot; 101. Clamping body; 102. Support rod; 103. Sliding bar; 104. Rack; 105. Pressure bearing body; 106. Spring; 107. Toothed plate; 108. U-shaped frame; 109. Reset body; 110. Rod handle; 11. Connecting groove; 12. Sealing body; 121. Flexible connector; 122. Waist-shaped tension body; 13. Pressure ring. Detailed Implementation

[0055] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0056] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0057] Example 1, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 As shown, a low-energy building basement exterior wall insulation structure includes an exterior wall 2 and a base plate 1. The exterior wall 2 is provided with an outer protective layer 3, an outer waterproof layer 8, an inner insulation layer 4 and an inner waterproof layer 5 arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside.

[0058] The inner insulation layer 4 includes an inner insulation board 41 and an outer insulation board 42. The inner insulation board 41 and the outer insulation board 42 are installed together by multiple connectors 6 in a staggered manner. The connectors 6 include cup buckles 61 anchored to the inner insulation board 41. A connecting rod 62 is fixed in the middle of the cup buckle 61. The connecting rod 62 passes through the outer insulation board 42 and is fitted with a gasket 64 and a pressing nut 63 on the outside. The pressing nut 63 is adapted to press the gasket 64 and pull the cup buckle 61 outward, thereby moving the outer insulation board 42 closer to the inner insulation board 41. This evenly distributes the adhesive between the inner insulation board 41 and the outer insulation board 42. At the same time, the flatness of two adjacent outer insulation boards 42 can be adjusted by the pressing nut 63. There are eight connectors 6 on a single insulation board. Three are evenly distributed near the top edge and two are evenly distributed near the bottom edge. The two connectors are located in the middle and near the edge.

[0059] The outer waterproof layer 8 and the outer protective layer 3 are connected by adhesive.

[0060] A bottom insulation layer 7 is installed at the bottom of the inner insulation layer 4, which is located between the inner waterproof layer 5 and the outer waterproof layer 8.

[0061] Inserts 9 are provided at the top of the base plate 1 and near the root of the outer wall 2. Slots 10 adapted to the corresponding inserts 9 are provided on the bottom insulation layer 7 and the inner insulation board 41. The bottom insulation layer 7 is adapted to be vertically fitted to the inserts 9 on the base plate 1 via the slots 10, and the inner insulation board 41 is adapted to be horizontally fitted to the inserts 9 on the outer wall 2 via the slots 10.

[0062] By vertically installing the bottom insulation layer 7 and horizontally installing the inner insulation board 41, the waterproof membrane of the inner waterproof layer 5 is protected against displacement without damage or openings.

[0063] During implementation, inserts 9 are pre-formed on the outer wall 2 and the base plate 1. Waterproof membrane is then applied smoothly to the outer side of the outer wall 2 and the upper surface of the base plate 1. The waterproof membrane tightly wraps around the outside of the inserts 9. The inner waterproof layer 5 is fixed in place to prevent displacement by the bottom insulation layer 7 and the inner insulation board 41. Anchor buckles 61 are used on the inner insulation board 41, and connecting rods 62 pass through the outer insulation board 42. By adjusting the pressing nut 63, the gasket 64 is pressed and fixed while the outer buckle 61 is pulled outward. Finally, the connection and fixation of the inner insulation board 41 and the outer insulation board 42 are completed. At the same time, the adhesive between the two can be evenly distributed, and the flatness of the two adjacent outer insulation boards 42 can be adjusted by adjusting the pressing nut 63.

[0064] Example 2, based on the above examples, makes the following improvements: Figure 4 river Figure 5 As shown, the inner insulation board 41 has a connecting groove 11 on one side opposite the outer insulation board 42. The thickness of the cup buckle 61 gradually increases from the middle to the outer edge. A pressure ring 13 is fitted on the outer side of the connecting rod 62. The pressure ring 13 is located between the cup buckle 61 and the outer insulation board 42. The pressure ring 13 is suitable for pressing and fixing the cup buckle 61 in the connecting groove 11 by the outer insulation board 42 when the connecting rod 62 is pulled outward by the nut 63.

[0065] The cup buckle 61 is inserted vertically into the connecting groove 11 in one direction. The outer insulation board 42 and the inner insulation board 41 are pressed and fixed by the movement of the pressing nut 63 on the connecting rod 62. At the same time, the cup buckle 61 is pulled outward to deform it. When the pressure ring 13 enters the connecting groove 11, it will ensure that the connector 6 meets the vertical load-bearing capacity required by the design.

[0066] Example 3, based on the above examples, makes the following improvements: Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the connecting rod 62 and the cup buckle 61 are made of heat-insulating material. To further ensure the load-bearing capacity of the connector 6, the connecting rod 62 adopts a hollow structure. One end of the connecting rod 62 passes through the cup buckle 61 and the connecting groove 11, and this end is suitable for having an air-guiding end 621 and an injection end 622 distributed vertically. The other end of the connecting rod 62 is suitable for installing an injection head 624 and an exhaust head 623. The injection head 624 is suitable for injecting glue into the connecting groove 11 through the injection end 622, and for exhausting air through the air-guiding end 621 and the exhaust head 623. A sealing structure 625 is installed at the exhaust head 623. The sealing structure 625 consists of two PE films that are electrostatically adsorbed. During the injection process, the polyurethane sealant enters the connecting groove 11 through the injection head 624 and the injection end 622, filling the inside of the cup buckle 61. The cup buckle 61 will bend and deform outward until it can no longer deform. Before the outer insulation board 42 is installed, the air duct end 621 will draw out the internal air through the exhaust head 623 during the injection process. When the sealant is discharged from the sealing structure 625, it reverses and pushes the two PE films of the sealing structure 625 into the internal exhaust head 623 and inserts the plug.

[0067] Example 4, based on the above examples, makes the following improvements: Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, a clamping body 101 is rotatably mounted on both sides inside the slot 10. A support rod 102 is rotatably mounted on the back of the clamping body 101. A slide bar 103 is rotatably mounted on the free end of the support rod 102. A rack 104 suitable for unidirectional movement of the slide bar 103 is installed on the inner wall of the slot 10. A pressure bearing body 105 suitable for being positioned directly opposite the insert 9 is provided at one end of the clamping body 101. A spring 106 is connected between the back of the pressure bearing body 105 and the slot 10. The pressure bearing body 105 is suitable for contacting the insert 9 and driving the clamping body 101 to rotate while the slide bar 103 moves along the rack 104 to clamp and fix the insert 9.

[0068] like Figure 9 As shown, the slide bar 103 includes a toothed plate 107 that meshes with the rack 104 and a U-shaped frame 108 that is rotatably mounted with the support rod 102. The toothed plate 107 is slidably arranged on the inner side of the U-shaped frame 108. A handle 110 is movably mounted on the U-shaped frame 108. One end of the handle 110 is mounted on the toothed plate 107 and the other end passes through the U-shaped frame 108. A reset body 109 is fitted on the outer side of the handle 110 located inside the U-shaped frame 108. The two ends of the reset body 109 (spring) abut against the toothed plate 107 and the inner wall of the U-shaped frame 108, respectively.

[0069] When the insert 9 enters the slot 10, it first contacts the pressure bearing 105, causing the bottom of the clamping body 101 to gradually move closer to the insert 9. At the same time, the pressure bearing 105 will gradually compress the spring 106. As the clamping body 101 moves closer to the insert 9, the support rod 102 rotates and drives the toothed plate 107 to move gradually downward along the rack 104. Under the combined action of the handle 110 and the reset body 109, the toothed plate 107 completes the unidirectional movement along the length of the rack 104, and finally the clamping body 101 completes the clamping and fixing of the insert 9, ensuring that the waterproof membrane at the insert 9 is effectively fixed.

[0070] Example 5, based on the above examples, makes the following improvements: Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, an extrusion body 71 is installed on the bottom insulation layer 7. The extrusion body 71 includes a connecting piece 72 whose two ends are respectively connected to the bottom insulation layer 7 by bolts. An adjusting rod 73 is rotatably installed in the middle of the connecting piece 72. A sliding sleeve 77 is threadedly connected to the outer side of the adjusting rod 73 and the sliding sleeve 77 is located on the side of the connecting piece 72 facing the inner waterproof layer 5. Two rotating rods 75 are rotatably installed on both sides of the sliding sleeve 77, and a pressing body 74 is rotatably installed on the free end of the rotating rod 75. A tension spring 76 is installed on the side of the two rotating rods 75 on the same side near the free end. The pressing body 74 is suitable for pressing and fixing the inner waterproof layer 5.

[0071] By adjusting the adjusting rod 73, the sliding sleeve 77 is gradually moved closer to the inner waterproof layer 5 at the joint between the outer wall 2 and the base plate 1. As the sliding sleeve 77 moves closer to the joint, the rotating rod 75 also moves closer to the joint. The waterproof membrane is then pressed and fixed by the pressing body 74 (pressure roller) near the joint to prevent the waterproof membrane from shifting at the joint. This position is also a key point for protection. Due to the long-term cold primer, the bonding effect will gradually be lost, and bulges or detachment from the surface of the outer wall 2 and the base plate 1 are very likely to occur at this position.

[0072] Example 6, based on the above examples, makes the following improvements: Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the inner insulation board 41 and the bottom insulation layer 7 are connected by a sealing body 12. The sealing body 12 includes two flexible connectors 121 suitable for fixing the inner insulation board 41 and the bottom insulation layer 7 from the inside and outside. A waist-shaped tension body 122 is suitable for integrally connecting the two flexible connectors 121. The waist-shaped tension body 122 is suitable for stretching the flexible connectors 121 from the inside and outside. The flexible connectors 121 are suitable for entering the inner insulation board 41 and the bottom insulation layer 7 in one direction and locking and pulling the inner insulation board 41 and the bottom insulation layer 7 in the opposite direction.

[0073] The waist-shaped stretching body 122 includes an outer body and an inner body. The outer body has two sets of symmetrically arranged parts, and each end is integrally connected to the corresponding flexible connector 121. The inner body is a number of thin sheet structures with each end connected to the outer body. In its natural state, the outer body is in a linear state and the inner body is in a curved state. When the sealing body 12 is connected to the inner insulation board 41 and the bottom insulation layer 7, the outer body changes to a stable waist-shaped state and the inner body changes to a stable linear state, which is achieved by the flexible connector 121 pulling the inner insulation board 41 and the bottom insulation layer 7.

[0074] By horizontally installing the inner insulation board 41, the bottom insulation board 7 is horizontally assembled with the sealing body 12 and the inner insulation board 41. During assembly, the outer body of the waist-shaped stretching body 122 of the sealing body 12 is initially in a linear state, while the inner body is in a bent state. During the installation of the inner insulation board 41, the flexible connector 121 at one end will first enter the inner insulation board 41. As the inner insulation board 41 gradually approaches, the outer body will transform into a stable waist-shaped structure, and the inner body will transform into a linear structure. At the same time, the inner insulation board 41 and the bottom insulation layer 7 will be pulled to each other to complete the sealing installation of the two insulation layers.

[0075] The construction method and steps for the thermal insulation structure of the basement exterior wall of a low-energy building are as follows:

[0076] Step 1: Concrete pouring for exterior wall 2 and base slab 1

[0077] Pour concrete for base slab 1: Level and clean the base slab 1 cushion layer, install support formwork around the cushion layer, tie steel mesh inside the support formwork and expose part of the outer wall 2 steel reinforcement, pour concrete for base slab 1 to the design elevation and level the top surface of the base slab 1 concrete, and remove the support formwork after the concrete strength reaches the design strength.

[0078] Pour concrete for exterior wall 2:

[0079] Tie the reinforcing bars of the outer wall 2, mark the support formwork installation line on the base plate 1, and install the corresponding support formwork along the support formwork installation line. Install two support formworks by tie bolts to ensure the verticality of the support formwork. Pour concrete for the outer wall 2. After the concrete strength reaches the design strength, remove the support formwork.

[0080] The structure of the corresponding insert 9 must be formed simultaneously when pouring the concrete.

[0081] Step 2: Construction of the inner waterproof layer 5

[0082] Apply cold primer to the surface of the exterior wall 2 and the exterior surface of the base plate 1, and lay the waterproof membrane flat to form the inner waterproof layer 5. When laying the waterproof membrane, it is necessary to ensure that the outer surface of the corresponding insert 9 is laid flat.

[0083] Step 3: Installation of the bottom insulation layer 7 and the inner insulation board 41

[0084] Apply adhesive to the surface of the waterproof membrane on the base plate 1, and install the bottom insulation layer 7 vertically and horizontally. The bottom insulation layer 7 is laid flat by vertical installation through the slot 10 and the insert 9.

[0085] Adhesive is sprayed onto the surface of the waterproof membrane on the exterior wall 2, and the inner insulation board 41 is installed horizontally. The bottom insulation layer 7 is laid flat by horizontally installing the slot 10 and insert 9.

[0086] Step 4: Treatment of the waterproof layer 5 within the joint between base slab 1 and exterior wall 2

[0087] By rotating the adjusting rod, the sliding sleeve 77 is driven to gradually approach the node, and the pressure roller will gradually approach the node to complete the pressing and fixing of the inner anti-water layer at the node.

[0088] Step 5: Installation of outer insulation board 42

[0089] The connecting rod 62 drives the cup buckle 61 to be inserted into the connecting groove 11. The pressure ring 13 is fitted on the outside of the connecting rod 62. The glue is injected into the connecting rod 62 and the connecting groove 11 through the glue injection head 624. The outer insulation board 42 is horizontally fitted on the outside of the connecting rod 62 along the axial direction of the connecting rod 62. By adjusting the pressing nut 63, the outer insulation board 42 is gradually pressed towards the inner insulation board 41 through the gasket 64. At the same time, the pressure ring 13 can enter the connecting groove 11 to complete the pressing and fixing of the cup buckle 61. Glue is injected into the connecting rod 62 and the pressing nut 63 on the outer insulation board 42. The end of the connector 6 is sealed by gluing with a material of the same material as the insulation board. The flatness of the two adjacent outer insulation boards 42 can be ensured by the pressing nut 63.

[0090] Step Six: Construction of the Outer Waterproofing Layer

[0091] Apply cold primer to the surface of the outer insulation board 42 and the outer side of the inner waterproof layer 5 on the side of the bottom plate 1, and lay the outer waterproof layer 8 flat.

[0092] Step 7: Construction of outer protective layer 3

[0093] Apply adhesive to the surface of the outer waterproof layer 8 and lay the outer protective layer 3 flat.

[0094] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. An internal insulation board is installed at the inner corner of the exterior wall and the base plate. The substitution may be a replacement of some structures, devices, or method steps, or it may be a complete technical solution. Equivalent substitutions or modifications made to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention should all be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A thermal insulation structure for the exterior wall of a low-energy building basement, comprising an exterior wall (2) and a base slab (1), wherein the exterior wall (2) is provided with an outer protective layer (3), an outer waterproof layer (8), an inner thermal insulation layer (4), and an inner waterproof layer (5) arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside, characterized in that: The inner insulation layer (4) includes an inner insulation board (41) and an outer insulation board (42). The inner insulation board (41) and the outer insulation board (42) are installed together by multiple connectors (6) with staggered joints. The connectors (6) include cup buckles (61) anchored to the inner insulation board (41). A connecting rod (62) is fixed in the middle of the cup buckle (61). The connecting rod (62) passes through the outer insulation board (42) and is fitted with a gasket (64) and a crimp nut (63) on the outside. The crimp nut (63) is adapted to crimp the gasket (64) and pull the cup buckle (61) outward. The outer waterproof layer (8) and the outer protective layer (3) are connected by adhesive. A bottom insulation layer (7) is installed at the bottom of the inner insulation layer (4) located between the inner waterproof layer (5) and the outer waterproof layer (8); Inserts (9) are provided at the top of the base plate (1) and near the root of the outer wall (2). Slots (10) that are compatible with the corresponding inserts (9) are provided on the bottom insulation layer (7) and the inner insulation board (41). The bottom insulation layer (7) is adapted to be vertically fitted to the inserts (9) on the base plate (1) through the slots (10), and the inner insulation board (41) is adapted to be horizontally fitted to the inserts (9) on the outer wall (2) through the slots (10). The inner insulation board (41) has a connecting groove (11) on one side opposite to the outer insulation board (42). The thickness of the cup buckle (61) gradually increases from the middle to the outer edge. A pressure ring (13) is fitted on the outer side of the connecting rod (62). The pressure ring (13) is located between the cup buckle (61) and the outer insulation board (42). The pressure ring (13) is suitable for pressing the nut (63) to pull the connecting rod (62) outward and pressing and fixing the cup buckle (61) in the connecting groove (11) through the outer insulation board (42). The connecting rod (62) and the cup buckle (61) are made of heat insulation material, and the connecting rod (62) is a hollow structure. One end of the connecting rod (62) passes through the cup buckle (61) and the connecting groove (11) and is suitable for having an air intake end (621) and an adhesive injection end (622) distributed vertically. The other end of the connecting rod (62) is suitable for installing an adhesive injection head (624) and an exhaust head (623). The adhesive injection head (624) is suitable for injecting adhesive into the connecting groove (11) through the adhesive injection end (622) and exhausting air through the air intake end (621) and the exhaust head (623). A sealing structure (625) is installed at the exhaust head (623).

2. The low-energy building basement exterior wall insulation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, A clamping body (101) is rotatably installed on both sides inside the slot (10). A support rod (102) is rotatably installed on the back of the clamping body (101). A slide bar (103) is rotatably installed on the free end of the support rod (102). A rack (104) suitable for the slide bar (103) to move in one direction is installed on the inner wall of the slot (10). A pressure body (105) suitable for being positioned directly opposite the insert (9) is provided at one end of the clamping body (101). A spring (106) is connected between the back of the pressure body (105) and the slot (10). When the pressure body (105) contacts the insert (9), it drives the clamping body (101) to rotate while the slide bar (103) moves along the rack (104) to clamp and fix the insert (9).

3. The low-energy building basement exterior wall insulation structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The slide bar (103) includes a toothed plate (107) that meshes with the rack (104) and a U-shaped frame (108) that is rotatably mounted with the support rod (102). The toothed plate (107) is slidably arranged on the inner side of the U-shaped frame (108). A handle (110) is movably mounted on the U-shaped frame (108). One end of the handle (110) is mounted on the toothed plate (107) and the other end passes through the U-shaped frame (108). A reset body (109) is fitted on the outer side of the handle (110) located inside the U-shaped frame (108). The two ends of the reset body (109) abut against the toothed plate (107) and the inner wall of the U-shaped frame (108), respectively.

4. The low-energy building basement exterior wall insulation structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, An extrusion body (71) is installed on the bottom insulation layer (7). The extrusion body (71) includes a connecting piece (72) with both ends connected to the bottom insulation layer (7) by bolts. An adjusting rod (73) is rotatably installed in the middle of the connecting piece (72). A sliding sleeve (77) is threadedly connected to the outside of the adjusting rod (73), and the sliding sleeve (77) is located on the side of the connecting piece (72) facing the inner waterproof layer (5). Two rotating rods (75) are rotatably installed on both sides of the sliding sleeve (77), and a pressing body (74) is rotatably installed on the free end of the rotating rod (75). A tension spring (76) is installed on the side of the two rotating rods (75) on the same side near the free end. The pressing body (74) is suitable for pressing and fixing the inner waterproof layer (5).

5. The low-energy building basement exterior wall insulation structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The inner insulation board (41) and the bottom insulation layer (7) are connected by a sealing body (12). The sealing body (12) includes two flexible connectors (121) suitable for fixing the inner insulation board (41) and the bottom insulation layer (7) internally and externally. A waist-shaped tension body (122) is suitable for integrally connecting the two flexible connectors (121). The waist-shaped tension body (122) is suitable for internal and external tensioning of the flexible connectors (121). The flexible connectors (121) are suitable for unidirectional entry into the inner insulation board (41) and the bottom insulation layer (7) and reverse locking and pulling of the inner insulation board (41) and the bottom insulation layer (7).

6. The low-energy building basement exterior wall insulation structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The waist-shaped stretching body (122) includes an outer body and an inner body. The outer body is symmetrically arranged with two sets of flexible connectors (121) at both ends. The inner body consists of several thin sheet structures with both ends connected to the outer body.

7. The low-energy building basement exterior wall insulation structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, When the outer body is in a linear state and the inner body is in a curved state under natural conditions, when the sealing body (12) connects the inner insulation board (41) and the bottom insulation layer (7), the outer body turns into a stable waist-shaped state and the inner body turns into a stable linear state. The inner insulation board (41) and the bottom insulation layer (7) are pulled by the flexible connector (121).

8. A construction method for a low-energy building basement exterior wall insulation structure as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The construction steps are as follows: Step 1: Concrete pouring for exterior walls (2) and base slab (1) Pour concrete for the base slab (1): Level and clean the base slab (1) cushion layer, install support formwork around the cushion layer, tie steel mesh inside the support formwork and expose part of the external wall (2) steel reinforcement, pour concrete for the base slab (1) to the design elevation and level the top surface concrete of the base slab (1), and remove the support formwork after the concrete strength reaches the design strength. (2) Concrete pouring for exterior walls: Tie the reinforcing bars of the outer wall (2), mark the support template installation line on the base plate (1), and install the corresponding support template along the support template installation line. Install two support templates by tie bolts to ensure the verticality of the support templates. Pour concrete for the outer wall (2). After the concrete strength reaches the design strength, remove the support templates. When pouring concrete, the structure of the insert (9) must be formed simultaneously; Step 2: Construction of the inner waterproof layer (5) Apply cold primer to the surface of the exterior wall (2) and the exterior surface of the base plate (1), and lay the waterproof membrane flat to form an inner waterproof layer (5). When laying the waterproof membrane, it is necessary to ensure that the outer surface of the corresponding insert (9) is laid flat. Step 3: Installation of the bottom insulation layer (7) and the inner insulation board (41) Apply adhesive to the surface of the waterproof membrane on the base plate (1), install the bottom insulation layer (7) vertically and horizontally, and complete the flat laying of the bottom insulation layer (7) by using the slot (10) and insert (9) for vertical installation; Apply adhesive to the surface of the waterproof membrane on the exterior wall (2), install the inner insulation board (41) horizontally, and complete the flat laying of the bottom insulation layer (7) by using the slot (10) and insert (9) horizontally. Step 4: Treatment of the waterproof layer (5) within the joint between the base slab (1) and the exterior wall (2) By rotating the adjusting rod, the sliding sleeve (77) is driven to gradually approach the node, and the pressure roller will gradually approach the node to complete the pressing and fixing of the inner anti-water layer at the node; Step 5: Installation of outer insulation board (42) The connecting rod (62) drives the cup buckle (61) to be inserted into the connecting groove (11). A pressure ring (13) is fitted on the outside of the connecting rod (62). Glue is injected into the connecting rod (62) and the connecting groove (11) through the glue injection head (624). The outer insulation board (42) is horizontally fitted onto the outside of the connecting rod (62) along the axial direction of the connecting rod (62). The pressing nut (63) is adjusted through the gasket (64) to push the inner insulation board (41) closer to the inner insulation board (41). The outer insulation board (42) is pressed into the direction of the outer insulation board (42) step by step. At the same time, the pressure ring (13) can enter the connecting groove (11) to complete the pressing and fixing of the cup buckle (61). The connecting rod (62) and the pressing nut (63) are injected with glue on the outer insulation board (42) and the end of the connector (6) is sealed by gluing with a material of the same material as the insulation board. The flatness of the two adjacent outer insulation boards (42) can be ensured by the pressing nut (63). Step Six: Construction of the Outer Waterproofing Layer Apply cold primer to the surface of the outer insulation board (42) and the outer side of the inner waterproof layer (5) on the side of the bottom plate (1), and lay the outer waterproof layer (8) flat. Step 7: Construction of the outer protective layer (3) Apply adhesive to the surface of the outer waterproof layer (8) and lay the outer protective layer (3) flat.

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