Electrode pressing and releasing device

Abstract

The present invention proposes an electrode pressing device, comprising a pair of clamping brakes and a lifting mechanism arranged therebetween, wherein any one of the clamping brakes comprises a brake body, a head end brake body, a tail end brake body, a conical latch and a locking drive, wherein the head end brake body and the tail end brake body are rotationally connected to one or more brake bodies, and two adjacent brake bodies are rotationally connected to each other, and the head end brake body and the tail end brake body are staggered and cross-formed to form a conical locking sleeve, wherein the conical latch is inserted into the locking sleeve to form a closed loop as a whole, and the locking drive is fixed to the head end brake body and the tail end brake body and drives the conical latch to adjust the crossing depth of the head end brake body and the tail end brake body. The electrode pressing device of the present invention has a simple structure, and each clamping brake only uses one locking drive, which simplifies the control complexity, simplifies the structural complexity, reduces the installation difficulty, increases the use stability, and improves the processing efficiency of large-scale electric arc furnaces.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of electrode processing equipment, and in particular to an electrode pressing and releasing device. Background Art

[0002] The electrode pressure release device, part of the electrode holder, is a crucial component of the submerged arc furnace. During furnace operation, it holds and lowers the electrodes. During the smelting process, the self-baking electrodes are continuously consumed, necessitating regular electrode lowering to maintain the strength of the electrode's working end. The electrode pressure release device periodically releases and presses the electrodes to replenish the consumed electrode and maintain the strength of the fixed working end. Currently, large industrial silicon furnaces utilize hydraulically operated automatic pressure release devices, with various brake mechanisms available, including friction belt, butterfly spring, and airbag.

[0003] Large submerged arc furnaces utilize a double-brake butterfly spring-loaded release mechanism. The brake mechanism consists of an upper brake, a lower brake, and two synchronously moving lift cylinders. Each brake is symmetrically mounted with multiple cylinders in a horizontal position. The cylinder pistons are pushed outward by springs, and the piston rods press against friction plates, thereby clamping the electrode. Oil enters the piston rod end of the cylinder, compressing the springs and releasing the electrode. The lower brake is fixed to the electrode holding cylinder, and the lift cylinder is fixed to the lower brake. The upper brake is supported by the lift cylinder's piston rod. Normally, the upper and lower brakes are clamped. To lower the electrode, the copper shoe is slightly loosened, releasing the upper brake and clamping the lower brake. The lift cylinder then raises the upper brake to the desired position. The upper brake then clamps, releasing the lower brake, and the lift cylinder returns to its original position, re-clamping the lower brake. This completes the electrode release process.

[0004] In the electrode pressing and releasing device of a large-scale submerged arc furnace, both the upper brake and the lower brake are driven by multiple hydraulics. The double-layer multiple hydraulic drives need to cooperate simultaneously to combine with the lifting cylinder to move the electrode downward. The rate of electrode downward movement is slow. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems in the prior art that the electrode pressing and releasing device requires the simultaneous cooperation of two layers of multiple hydraulic drives and the electrode lowering efficiency is slow, the present invention proposes an electrode pressing and releasing device.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is achieved as follows:

[0007] An electrode pressing and releasing device includes a pair of clamping brakes and a lifting mechanism arranged therebetween. Any clamping brake includes a brake body, a head end brake body, a tail end brake body, a conical pin and a locking drive. More than one brake body is rotatably connected between the head end brake body and the tail end brake body. Two adjacent brake bodies are rotatably connected. The head end brake body and the tail end brake body are staggered and crossed to form a conical locking sleeve. The conical pin is inserted into the locking sleeve to form a closed ring as a whole. The locking drive is fixed on the head end brake body and the tail end brake body, and drives the conical pin to adjust the crossing depth of the head end brake body and the tail end brake body.

[0008] Preferably, the electrode pressing and releasing device further comprises a cooling water jacket, which is fixed on a fixed carrier and sleeved on the outer periphery of a pair of clamping brakes; the upper clamping brake in the pair of clamping brakes is fixed on the cooling water jacket.

[0009] Preferably, one side of the head-end gate body is provided with at least one first connecting block having a first conical through hole, and there is a gap between two adjacent first connecting blocks; one side of the tail-end gate body is provided with at least one second connecting block having a second conical through hole, and there is a gap between two adjacent second connecting blocks; the first connecting block and the second connecting block are staggered and crossed, and all the first conical through holes and the second conical through holes are superimposed to form a conical locking sleeve.

[0010] Preferably, rotary drives are symmetrically provided on two opposite sides of the upper clamping brake, the driving ends of the two rotary drives are respectively fixed on the corresponding brake bodies, and the fixed ends of the two rotary drives are both fixed on the cooling water jacket.

[0011] Preferably, the locking drive includes a power mechanism, a reaction support and two supporting legs, the driving end of the power mechanism is hinged to the large diameter end of the tapered pin, the fixed end of the power mechanism is hinged to the bottom end of the reaction support, the top ends of the two supporting legs are hinged to the reaction support, and are symmetrically located on both sides of the tapered pin, and the bottom ends of the two supporting legs are respectively hinged to the head end gate body and the tail end gate body.

[0012] Preferably, two first connecting blocks are provided on the head end gate body, and each first connecting block is configured to be conical in shape; two second connecting blocks are provided on the tail end gate body, and each second connecting block is configured to be conical in shape, and all the first connecting blocks and the second connecting blocks still form a conical shape after crossing.

[0013] Preferably, the lifting mechanism is configured as three lifting cylinders, which are distributed at 120 degrees. The fixed end of each lifting cylinder is hinged to the brake body of the clamping brake located above, and the driving end is hinged to the brake body of the clamping brake located below.

[0014] Preferably, at least one pin ear tube is provided on both sides of the brake body, adjacent pin ear tubes on each side are arranged at intervals, and the pin ear tubes on both sides are relatively staggered, and the pin ear tubes of two adjacent brake bodies are staggered and correspond to each other and are connected by a pin;

[0015] At least one pin ear tube is provided on the other side of the first end brake body, and two adjacent pin ear tubes are arranged at intervals. The pin ear tube of the first end brake body is relatively staggered with the pin ear tube of the adjacent brake body and is connected through a pin;

[0016] At least one pin ear tube is provided on the other side of the tail end brake body, and two adjacent pin ear tubes are arranged at intervals. The pin ear tube of the tail end brake body is relatively staggered with the pin ear tube of the adjacent brake body and is connected through a pin.

[0017] Preferably, the thickness of the middle part of the brake body is greater than the thickness of the two sides, the inner side of the brake body is flush, and the inner and outer sides are set to arc shapes; the thickness of the middle part of the head end brake body is greater than the thickness of one side, the inner side of the head end brake body is flush, and the inner and outer sides are set to arc shapes; the thickness of the middle part of the tail end brake body is greater than the thickness of one side, the inner side of the tail end brake body is flush, and the inner and outer sides are set to arc shapes.

[0018] Preferably, the first connecting block of the head end gate body is provided with a plurality of third tapered through holes, which are located outside the first tapered through holes; the second connecting block of the tail end gate body is provided with a plurality of fourth tapered through holes, which are located outside the second tapered through holes.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the electrode pressing and releasing device of the present invention utilizes a pair of clamping brakes and a lifting mechanism to realize the electrode pressing and releasing process. Each clamping brake can realize the locking or releasing of the electrode by only utilizing one locking drive. A pair of clamping brakes can realize the electrode pressing and releasing by utilizing two locking drives and a lifting mechanism in cooperation, which simplifies the control complexity, reduces energy consumption and emissions, simplifies the structural complexity, reduces the difficulty of installation, and improves the processing efficiency of large-scale electric arc furnaces. A pair of clamping brakes adopts rigid connection and rigid adjustment to improve the stability and reliability of use on electric arc furnaces. In any clamping brake, any part of the brake body, the head end brake body, the tail end brake body and the tapered pin can be quickly replaced, avoiding the direct replacement of the overall structure. At the same time, the efficiency of replacement is higher than the efficiency of replacing the overall structure, which can reduce production costs and improve production efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of an electrode pressing and releasing device according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The structural diagram of the head end gate body is shown;

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The structural diagram of the tail gate body is shown;

[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 1 The structural diagram of the brake body is shown in FIG.

[0025] In the picture:

[0026] 1. Upper clamping brake; 2. Lower clamping brake; 3. Hydraulic cylinder; 4. Brake body; 5. Head end brake body; 6. Tail end brake body; 7. Tapered pin; 8. Locking drive; 9. Rotation drive; 41. Pin ear tube; 51. First tapered through hole; 52. First connecting block; 53. Pin ear tube; 54. Third tapered through hole; 61. Second tapered through hole; 62. Second connecting block; 63. Pin ear tube; 64. Fourth tapered through hole; 81. Power mechanism; 82. Reaction support; 83. Support leg; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Example: Figure 1 The electrode pressing device shown in the figure includes a pair of clamping brakes and a lifting mechanism 3 arranged between the pair of clamping brakes. The lifting mechanism 3 between the upper clamping brake 1 and the lower clamping brake 2 is provided with three hydraulic cylinders distributed at an angle of 120 degrees. The structure of the pair of clamping brakes is the same, with the structure of the upper clamping brake being based on the Figure 1The clamping brake 1 above includes a brake body 4, a head end brake body 5, a tail end brake body 6, a tapered latch 7, and a locking drive 8. One, two, three, or other number of brake bodies 4 are rotatably connected between the head end brake body 5 and the tail end brake body 6. Two adjacent brake bodies 4 are rotatably connected. The head end brake body 5 and the tail end brake body 6 are staggered and cross-formed to form a tapered locking sleeve. The tapered latch 7 is inserted into the locking sleeve, and the whole forms a closed loop around the electrode. The locking drive 8 is fixed to the head end brake body 5 and the tail end brake body 6, and drives the tapered latch 7 to adjust the crossing depth of the head end brake body 5 and the tail end brake body 6, thereby locking or releasing the electrode.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, the locking drive 8 includes a power mechanism 81, a reaction support 82 and two support legs 83. The driving end of the power mechanism 81 is hinged to the large diameter end of the tapered pin 7, and the fixed end of the power mechanism 81 is hinged to the bottom end of the reaction support 82. The top ends of the two support legs 83 are hinged to the reaction support 82 and are symmetrically located on both sides of the tapered pin 7. The bottom ends of the two support legs 83 are hinged to the head end gate body 5 and the tail end gate body 6 respectively.

[0030] The whole forms a closed ring-shaped fitting electrode, the inner side of the holding brake body is arc-shaped, the inner side of the head end brake body is arc-shaped, and the inner side of the tail end brake body is arc-shaped. The head end brake body, the holding brake body and the head end brake body are connected end to end to form a closed ring. In order to make the overall shape beautiful and easy to process, the inner and outer sides of the holding brake body are arc-shaped, the inner and outer sides of the head end brake body are arc-shaped, and the inner and outer sides of the tail end brake body are arc-shaped. The fixed end of each lifting cylinder of the lifting mechanism 3 is hinged to the holding brake body of the clamping brake located above, and the driving end is hinged to the holding brake body of the clamping brake located below. The three lifting cylinders are evenly distributed around the electrode, and the three lifting cylinders drive the clamping brake below to lift and lower in a balanced manner.

[0031] The electrode pressure release device of the present invention includes a cooling water jacket surrounding a pair of clamping brakes. The cooling water jacket is fixed to a fixed carrier, and the upper clamping brake 1 of the pair of clamping brakes is fixed to the cooling water jacket. The cooling water jacket, located on the outer periphery of the pair of clamping brakes, reduces the effects of the high temperature and strong magnetic field of the submerged arc furnace on the clamping brakes. The cooling water jacket also serves to secure the upper clamping brake.

[0032] When the electrode pressure release device of the present invention is in use, under normal conditions, a pair of clamping brakes both clamp the electrode. When the electrode moves downward, the upper clamping brake releases the electrode, while the lower clamping brake continues to clamp the electrode. Three lifting mechanisms drive the lower clamping brake and the electrode downward. After they move downward to a certain distance, the three lifting mechanisms stop driving, the upper clamping brake clamps the electrode, and the lower clamping brake releases the electrode. The three lifting mechanisms rise and reset, and the lower clamping brake clamps the electrode. The three lifting electrodes enable forces to be applied simultaneously to the three positions of the lower clamping brake, creating a balance and improving the smoothness of the force during the ascent or descent process.

[0033] The process for clamping or releasing the electrode with the upper clamping brake is the same as that for the lower clamping brake. The upper clamping brake clamps the electrode as follows: the power mechanism 81 drives the tapered latch 7 upward along its axis, causing the tapered latch 7 to move upward along the small-diameter end of the tapered locking sleeve. The driving force of the power mechanism 81 on the tapered latch 7 generates a reaction force, which is transmitted to the reaction force support. The reaction force support transmits the reaction force to the two support legs, which in turn acts on the front and rear gate bodies, tightening the front and rear gate bodies 5 and 6, deepening the intersection depth of the front and rear gate bodies 5 and 6, and thus locking the electrode. The process of releasing the electrode of the upper clamping brake is as follows: the power mechanism 81 drives the conical pin 7 to move downward along its axis. The driving force of the power mechanism 81 driving the conical pin 7 generates an upward reaction force, which is transmitted to the reaction force support and then to the two support legs. The two support legs respectively generate outward pulling forces acting on the front end gate body and the rear end gate body, reducing the intersection depth of the front end gate body and the rear end gate body, and then releasing the electrode. The reaction force support and the support legs have a simple structure. Combined with the symmetrical distribution of the pair of support legs, the action of the power mechanism is ultimately applied to the front end gate body and the rear end gate body, adjusting the intersection depth of the front end gate body and the rear end gate body, adjusting the locking or releasing of the electrode, and adjusting the tightness of the locking electrode.

[0034] Each clamping brake utilizes a single power mechanism to actuate it, eliminating the need for multiple hydraulic actuators and their simultaneous control. This simplifies the structural complexity of the electrode pressure release mechanism in large submerged arc furnaces, while also improving operational efficiency and stability. In a pair of clamping brakes, the upper clamping brake is fixed, while the lower clamping brake drives the electrode downward as the lifting mechanism descends and resets as the lifting mechanism ascends, reducing actuation complexity and improving operational stability. Furthermore, any component of the clamping brake, including the front and rear brake bodies and tapered latches, can be quickly replaced, eliminating the need for replacing the entire structure. This replacement efficiency is higher than that of replacing the entire structure, reducing both production costs and efficiency. The minimalist design of a pair of clamping brakes for electrode pressure release simplifies installation and processing costs, improving efficiency in large submerged arc furnaces.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, the upper clamping brake 1 is symmetrically provided with rotary drives 9 on opposite sides. The driving ends of the two rotary drives 9 are respectively fixed to the corresponding brake body, while the fixed ends of the two rotary drives are both fixed to the cooling water jacket. The clamping brake 1 is not directly fixed to the cooling water jacket, but is fixed to the cooling water jacket via a pair of rotary drives 9, enabling rotation of the clamping brakes and the clamped electrodes. During electrode release, the motor moves downward to a certain extent to add an electrode. The newly added electrode must be connected to the topmost electrode in the submerged arc furnace, i.e., the top electrode locked by the pair of clamping brakes. To add electrodes in an existing submerged arc furnace, a conveyor is used to align the connection end of the newly added electrode with the connection end of the topmost electrode in the submerged arc furnace. An external rotary device is then used to rotate the newly added electrode for threaded connection. In the present invention, no external rotary device is required; the electrode connection is achieved by directly rotating the clamping brake 1 using the pair of rotary drives. This achieves both fixation of the clamping brake 1 and electrode connection simultaneously. A pair of rotary drives can be hydraulic cylinders or other drive mechanisms. Hydraulic cylinders can be used for rotary drive, locking drive, and lifting mechanism, making it easier to plan the overall circuit layout.

[0036] like Figure 2 As shown, one side of the first end gate body 5 is provided with at least one first connection block 52 having a first tapered through hole 51, and there is a gap between two adjacent first connection blocks. Two first connection blocks are provided on the first end gate body 5, and each first connection block is provided in a tapered shape. Figure 3 As shown, one side of the tail gate body 6 is provided with at least one second connection block 62 having a second tapered through hole 61, and there is a gap between two adjacent second connection blocks; two second connection blocks are provided on the tail gate body, and each second connection block is provided in a tapered shape. Figure 1As shown, all the first connecting blocks and the second connecting blocks still form a tapered shape after crossing, and all the first tapered through holes and the second tapered through holes are superimposed to form a tapered locking sleeve.

[0037] like Figure 2 and Figure 1 As shown, at least one pin ear tube 53 is provided on the other side of the first end gate body 5, and two adjacent pin ear tubes are arranged at intervals. The pin ear tube of the first end gate body is relatively offset from the pin ear tube of the adjacent holding brake body and is connected by a pin. The structure of this rotating connection is very simple and easier to install and disassemble. The thickness of the middle part of the first end gate body is greater than the thickness of the side with the pin ear tube. The inner side of the first end gate body is flush, and both the inner and outer sides are set to an arc shape, which can increase the strength of the first end gate body and make the structure more beautiful. In addition, the two sides of the first end gate body are more convenient for designing pin ear tubes. A plurality of third conical through holes 54 are provided on the first connecting block of the first end gate body 5, and are located on the outside of the first conical through hole to buffer the force of the reaction support.

[0038] like Figure 3 and Figure 1 As shown, at least one pin ear tube is provided on the other side of the tail gate body 6, and two adjacent pin ear tubes are spaced apart. The pin ear tube 63 of the tail gate body is relatively offset from the pin ear tube of the adjacent holding brake body and is connected by a pin. The thickness of the middle part of the tail gate body is greater than the thickness of the side with the pin ear tube. The inner side of the tail gate body is flush, and both the inner and outer sides are set in an arc shape. A plurality of fourth conical through holes 64 are provided on the second connecting block of the tail gate body 6, and are located on the outside of the second conical through hole. The structural design effect of the tail gate body is the same as that of the head gate body, and the unity of the overall structure is maintained.

[0039] like Figure 4 and Figure 1 As shown, at least one pin lug 41 is provided on each side of the brake body 4. Adjacent pin lugs on each side are spaced apart and offset relative to each other. The pin lugs of two adjacent brake bodies are offset and corresponding and connected by a pin. The thickness of the middle portion of the brake body 4 is greater than that of the sides. The inner side of the brake body is flush, and both the inner and outer sides are designed in an arc shape.

[0040] The electrode pressing and releasing device of the present invention has a simple overall structure and is easy to drive, and simultaneously realizes the electrode pressing and releasing functions and the electrode connecting functions, thus breaking through the bottleneck of partial structural design of large-scale submerged arc furnaces.

[0041] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electrode pressing and releasing device, comprising a pair of clamping brakes and a lifting mechanism arranged therebetween, characterized in that: Any clamping brake includes a brake body, a head end brake body, a tail end brake body, a tapered latch and a locking drive. The head end brake body and the tail end brake body are rotationally connected to each other. The two adjacent brake bodies are rotationally connected. The head end brake body and the tail end brake body are staggered and cross-formed to form a tapered locking sleeve. The tapered latch is inserted into the locking sleeve to form a closed ring as a whole. The locking drive is fixed to the head end brake body and the tail end brake body, and drives the tapered latch to adjust the crossing depth of the head end brake body and the tail end brake body. A first connecting block having a first tapered through hole is provided on one side of the head end gate body, with a gap between two adjacent first connecting blocks; a second connecting block having a second tapered through hole is provided on one side of the tail end gate body, with a gap between two adjacent second connecting blocks; the first connecting block and the second connecting block are staggered and crossed, and all the first tapered through holes and the second tapered through holes are superimposed to form a tapered locking sleeve; The locking drive includes a power mechanism, a reaction support and two supporting legs. The driving end of the power mechanism is hinged to the large diameter end of the tapered pin, the fixed end of the power mechanism is hinged to the bottom end of the reaction support, the top ends of the two supporting legs are hinged to the reaction support, and are symmetrically located on both sides of the tapered pin, and the bottom ends of the two supporting legs are respectively hinged to the head end gate body and the tail end gate body.

2. The electrode pressing and releasing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a cooling water jacket, which is fixed on a fixed carrier and sleeved on the outer periphery of a pair of clamping brakes; the clamping brake located on the upper side of the pair of clamping brakes is fixed on the cooling water jacket.

3. The electrode pressing and releasing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Rotary drives are symmetrically provided on opposite sides of the upper clamping brake. The driving ends of the two rotary drives are respectively fixed on the corresponding brake bodies, and the fixed ends of the two rotary drives are both fixed on the cooling water jacket.

4. The electrode pressing and releasing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two first connecting blocks are provided on the head end gate body, and each first connecting block is set to a conical shape; two second connecting blocks are provided on the tail end gate body, and each second connecting block is set to a conical shape. After all the first connecting blocks and second connecting blocks are crossed, they still form a conical shape.

5. The electrode pressing and releasing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism is configured as three lifting cylinders, which are distributed at 120 degrees. The fixed end of each lifting cylinder is hinged to the brake body of the clamping brake located above, and the driving end is hinged to the brake body of the clamping brake located below.

6. The electrode pressing and releasing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one pin ear tube is provided on both sides of the brake body, and adjacent pin ear tubes on each side are arranged at intervals, and the pin ear tubes on both sides are relatively staggered, and the pin ear tubes of two adjacent brake bodies are staggered and correspond to each other and are connected by a pin; At least one pin ear tube is provided on the other side of the first end brake body, and two adjacent pin ear tubes are arranged at intervals. The pin ear tube of the first end brake body is relatively staggered with the pin ear tube of the adjacent brake body and is connected through a pin; At least one pin ear tube is provided on the other side of the tail end brake body, and two adjacent pin ear tubes are arranged at intervals. The pin ear tube of the tail end brake body is relatively staggered with the pin ear tube of the adjacent brake body and is connected through a pin.

7. The electrode pressing and releasing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The thickness of the middle part of the brake body is greater than the thickness of the two sides, the inner side of the brake body is flush, and the inner and outer sides are set to arc shapes; the thickness of the middle part of the head end brake body is greater than the thickness of one side, the inner side of the head end brake body is flush, and the inner and outer sides are set to arc shapes; the thickness of the middle part of the tail end brake body is greater than the thickness of one side, the inner side of the tail end brake body is flush, and the inner and outer sides are set to arc shapes.

8. The electrode pressing and releasing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first connecting block of the head end gate body is provided with a plurality of third tapered through holes, which are located outside the first tapered through holes; the second connecting block of the tail end gate body is provided with a plurality of fourth tapered through holes, which are located outside the second tapered through holes.

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