A machining device for laser additive repair

Abstract

The application relates to a machining device for laser additive repair, and relates to the field of laser cladding technology, which comprises a laser machining module, a powder feeding module and a protective gas module, the laser machining module is used for emitting a laser beam, the protective gas module is used for conveying protective gas in a cladding process, the powder feeding module is composed of a powder distributor and a powder feeding pipe, the powder distributor is fixed on the laser machining module through a connecting module, the powder distributor and the powder feeding pipe are arranged in communication, the powder distributor is used for uniformly dispersing cladding powder, the powder feeding pipe is used for feeding the cladding powder to the surface of a part, and the powder feeding pipe and the protective gas module are movably arranged on the powder distributor. The application mainly movably arranges the powder feeding pipe and the protective gas module on the powder distributor, so that the powder feeding pipe and the protective gas module have an angle adjusting function, the flexibility of the powder feeding pipe and the protective gas module of the powder feeding module is increased, and laser additive remanufacturing of a rail transit complex structure part is realized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of laser cladding technology, in particular to a processing device for laser additive repair. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the increase of the speed of rail transit vehicles, the dynamic action between the wheel and the rail increases, and the wheel and rail wear and rolling contact fatigue phenomena intensify, which brings great hidden dangers to the safety of high-speed vehicles, that is, the rail transit needs to be repaired.

[0003] At present, the repair is mainly carried out by laser cladding technology, which is realized by a laser processing head. The traditional laser processing head mainly includes an optical module and a functional module. The optical module includes collimating mirrors, focusing mirrors, homogenizing mirrors, protective mirrors and other optical lenses. The types and specifications of the functional module are more, and it is usually necessary to configure a powder outlet device for conveying cladding powder and a protection device for conveying protective gas during the cladding process. The actual configuration is reasonable according to the use requirements, and the main function is to meet different process requirements and use conditions.

[0004] The key components of rail transit include mechanical transmission gearboxes, bogie bolsters and side frames, disc brake devices, car coupler buffer devices, high-power diesel engines and other castings matched with rail transit equipment. In the running process of the traditional laser processing device for additive repair of rail transit, due to the complex overall structure of the rail transit, the powder outlet device and the protection device cannot enter the complex structure components to perform cladding on the surface, thereby causing the laser additive remanufacturing process to be unable to be smoothly implemented, and the components cannot be repaired. Therefore, a laser processing device capable of realizing laser additive remanufacturing of complex structure components of rail transit is urgently needed. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to develop a laser processing device capable of realizing laser additive remanufacturing of complex structure components of rail transit, the present application provides a processing device for laser additive repair.

[0006] The laser processing device for laser additive repair provided by the present application adopts the following technical scheme:

[0007] A processing device for laser additive repair, comprising a laser processing module, a powder feeding module and a protective gas module, the laser processing module is used for emitting a laser beam, the protective gas module is used for conveying protective gas during the cladding process, the powder feeding module is composed of a powder distributor and a powder feeding pipe, the powder distributor is fixed on the laser processing module through a connecting module, the powder distributor and the powder feeding pipe are in communication, the powder distributor is used for uniformly dispersing cladding powder, the powder feeding pipe is used for feeding the cladding powder to the surface of the component, and the powder feeding pipe and the protective gas module are movably arranged on the powder distributor.

[0008] By adopting the technical scheme, the function module part of the laser processing head is simplified, the powder feeding pipe and the protective gas module are movably arranged on the powder distributor, so that the powder feeding pipe and the protective gas module have the function of adjusting the angle, the flexibility of the powder feeding pipe and the protective gas module of the powder feeding module is increased, the powder feeding module and the protective gas module can smoothly enter the complex structure component, the running space of the powder feeding module and the protective gas module in the additive repair process is expanded, and the laser additive remanufacturing process of the complex structure component is ensured, the difficulty that the traditional laser processing head cannot implement the laser additive remanufacturing of the complex structure component is solved, and the laser additive remanufacturing of the complex structure component of the rail transit is realized.

[0009] In a specific implementable scheme, the powder feeding pipe comprises a flexible pipe in communication with the powder distributor and a powder outlet pipe in communication with the flexible pipe, and the flexible pipe is used for manual adjustment by the worker to facilitate the powder outlet pipe to enter the complex structure component.

[0010] By adopting the technical scheme, when the complex structure component is encountered, the worker can manually adjust the angle of the flexible pipe, so that the powder outlet pipe connected to the flexible pipe can smoothly enter the complex structure component, the flexibility of the powder feeding pipe of the powder feeding module is increased, the powder feeding pipe can smoothly feed the cladding powder to the surface of the component for laser cladding during the cladding process of the complex structure component, and the laser additive remanufacturing process of the complex structure component is ensured.

[0011] In a specific implementable scheme, the powder outlet pipe is connected with a high-temperature-resistant glass pipe at the end away from the flexible pipe, and the diameter of the high-temperature-resistant glass pipe is 1.0 mm.

[0012] By adopting the technical scheme, since the laser cladding process is rapidly heated, the end of the powder outlet pipe away from the flexible pipe is connected with the high-temperature-resistant glass pipe with a diameter of 1.0 mm, the high-temperature-resistant glass pipe can withstand rapid cooling and heating during the laser cladding process, adapt to the temperature change during the cladding process, and the diameter of 1.0 mm of the high-temperature-resistant glass pipe makes the cladding powder more concentratedly sprayed on the surface of the component, thereby improving the repair effect of the laser cladding.

[0013] In a specific implementable scheme, the protective gas module comprises a flexible connecting part and a protective cover connected with the flexible connecting part, and the flexible connecting part is used for manual adjustment by the worker to facilitate the protective cover to enter the complex structure component.

[0014] By adopting the technical scheme, when a complex structure component is encountered, the angle of the flexible connecting part can be manually adjusted by the worker, so that the protective cover connected to the flexible connecting part can smoothly enter the complex structure component, thereby achieving the effect of increasing the flexibility of the protective gas module, and the protective module can smoothly deliver protective gas during the cladding process of the complex structure component, thereby providing protection for the process implementation of laser additive remanufacturing of the complex structure component.

[0015] In a specific implementable embodiment, the powder outlet pipe and the internal material of the protective cover are both SMC composite materials, and the external material of the powder outlet pipe and the protective cover is a high-temperature-resistant anti-light-reflection material.

[0016] In a specific implementable embodiment, the inner diameter of the protective cover gradually increases from the side close to the flexible connecting part to the side away from the flexible connecting part.

[0017] By adopting the technical scheme, the inner diameter of the protective cover gradually increases from the side close to the flexible connecting part to the side away from the flexible connecting part, which can increase the range of delivering protective gas during the cladding process of the protective module, thereby increasing the protection range of the protective gas output in the protective module, and further ensuring the laser cladding work.

[0018] In a specific implementable embodiment, the laser processing module is provided with an optical module, which is used for focusing and shaping the laser beam emitted by the laser processing module.

[0019] By adopting the technical scheme, the optical module can be used to focus and shape the laser beam emitted by the laser processing module, so that the laser beam emitted by the laser processing module can be more accurately shot on the surface of the component to be cladded.

[0020] In a specific implementable embodiment, the focal length of the optical module is greater than 400 mm.

[0021] By adopting the technical scheme, the focal length of the optical module being greater than 400 mm can better achieve the purpose of focusing the laser beam emitted by the laser processing module.

[0022] In a specific implementable embodiment, the laser beam emitted by the laser processing module and the cladding powder sprayed by the powder feeding pipe converge on the surface of the component.

[0023] By adopting the technical scheme, the laser beam emitted by the laser processing module and the cladding powder sprayed by the powder feeding pipe converge on the surface of the component, thereby better achieving the laser cladding process and improving the quality of laser cladding.

[0024] In one specific embodiment, the connecting module and the powder distributor are each provided with a threaded hole, and the threaded holes are in communication and are used to connect and fix the connecting module and the powder distributor.

[0025] By using the above technical solution, the threaded holes in communication on the connecting module and the powder distributor can be used to connect and fix the connecting module and the powder distributor.

[0026] In one specific embodiment, the particle size of the cladding powder is in the range of 25-53 μm.

[0027] In one specific embodiment, the power of the laser processing module is less than or equal to 1000 W.

[0028] In summary, the present application has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0029] 1. The present application simplifies the functional module part of the laser processing head. By movably arranging the powder feeding pipe and the protective gas module on the powder distributor, the powder feeding pipe and the protective gas module are enabled to adjust the angle, thereby increasing the flexibility of the powder feeding module and the protective gas module, enabling the powder feeding module and the protective gas module to smoothly enter complex structure components, thereby expanding the operation space of the powder feeding module and the protective gas module in the additive repair process, and further providing a guarantee for the process implementation of laser additive remanufacturing of complex structure components, solving the difficulty of traditional laser processing head in implementing laser additive remanufacturing of complex structure components, and further realizing laser additive remanufacturing of rail transit complex structure components.

[0030] 2. The present application uses the laser beam emitted by the laser processing module and the cladding powder sprayed by the powder feeding pipe to converge on the surface of the component, thereby better realizing the laser cladding process and further improving the quality of laser cladding.

[0031] 3. The present application uses the gradually increasing inner diameter of the protective cover from the side close to the flexible connecting part to the side away from the flexible connecting part to increase the range of conveying protective gas during the cladding process of the protective module, thereby increasing the protection range of the output protective gas in the protective module, and further ensuring the progress of the laser cladding work. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a processing device for laser additive repair according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0033] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram for showing the positional relationship of the powder feeding pipe, the protective gas module and the cladding point.

[0034] Reference numerals: 1, laser processing module; 2, connecting module; 3, powder distributor; 4, powder feeding pipe; 5, protective gas module; 6, cladding point. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings Figures 1-2 The present application is further described in detail.

[0036] Reference Figure 1 The embodiment of the present application discloses a kind of processing device for laser additive repair, including laser processing module 1, powder feeding module and protective gas module 5, laser processing module 1 is used to emit laser beam, the power of laser processing module 1 is set as P, P≤1000W;Laser processing module 1 is equipped with optical module, optical module is used to focus, shape the laser beam that laser processing module 1 emits, so that the laser beam that laser processing module 1 emits can be more accurately shot on the surface of the component required cladding;The focal length of optical module is set as f, f>400mm, so that optical module can better realize the purpose of focusing the laser beam that laser processing module 1 emits;

[0037] Powder feeding module is composed of powder distributor 3 and powder feeding pipe 4, powder distributor 3 is fixed on laser processing module 1 by connecting module 2, connecting module 2 and powder distributor 3 are equipped with threaded hole, threaded hole is communicated and is set, in the embodiment, the aperture of threaded hole located on connecting module 2 is equal to the aperture of threaded hole located on powder distributor 3, threaded hole is connected and fixed with connecting module 2 and the powder distributor 3;In actual installation process, the threaded hole of connecting module 2 and powder distributor 3 is communicated and can be connected and fixed with connecting module 2 and powder distributor 3;

[0038] Powder distributor 3 and powder feeding pipe 4 are communicated and are set, in the embodiment, powder feeding pipe 4 is set as three, powder distributor 3 is a one-to-three powder distributor 3, the upper part of one-to-three powder distributor 3 is accessed by a pipe, and the lower part has three pipes out, three pipes are connected to powder feeding pipe 4 and communicated with powder feeding pipe 4 respectively, powder distributor 3 is used to uniformly disperse cladding powder, powder feeding pipe 4 is used to send cladding powder to the surface of component, in the embodiment, cladding powder is fine powder, the particle size range of cladding powder is 25-53 μm, powder feeding pipe 4 and protective gas module 5 are movably arranged on powder distributor 3, so as to adapt to different models of rail transit complex structure components, and guarantee normal implementation of laser additive remanufacturing process;

[0039] Laser beam emitted by laser processing module 1 and cladding powder sprayed by powder feeding pipe 4 converge on the surface of component;Laser beam and cladding powder converge on the surface of component, so that laser beam can smoothly cladding powder on the surface of component, so as to better realize laser cladding process, and then improve the quality of laser cladding;

[0040] The protective gas module 5 is used for conveying protective gas in the cladding process. In the embodiment, the protective gas module 5 is a flexible argon gas protective module, the protective gas conveyed by the protective gas module 5 in the cladding process is argon gas, the protective gas module 5 forms a protective gas by spraying argon gas to the surface of the part, prevents the oxygen in the air from reacting with the cladding powder to affect the cladding quality, thereby ensuring the stability and consistency of the cladding quality, so that the cladding surface is smooth and flawless, and the molding is beautiful;

[0041] In the embodiment, the distance from the protective gas module 5 to the surface of the part is less than the distance from the powder feeding pipe 4 to the surface of the part, thereby preventing the protective gas formed by the protective gas module 5 spraying to the surface of the part from blowing away the powder sprayed by the powder feeding pipe 4 in the cladding process, and better ensuring the cladding work of the cladding powder and the laser beam on the surface of the part, and improving the quality of the laser cladding;

[0042] The application simplifies the functional module part of the laser processing head, the powder feeding pipe 4 and the protective gas module 5 are movably arranged on the powder distributor 3, the flexibility of the powder feeding pipe 4 and the protective gas module 5 of the powder feeding module is increased, the powder feeding module and the protective gas module 5 can smoothly enter the part with a complex structure, thereby expanding the running space of the powder feeding module and the protective gas module 5 in the additive repair process, and further providing a guarantee for the process implementation of the laser additive remanufacturing of the part with a complex structure, solving the difficulty that the traditional laser processing head cannot implement the laser additive remanufacturing of the part with a complex structure, and further realizing the laser additive remanufacturing of the part with a complex structure of rail transit.

[0043] Referring to Figure 1 The three powder feeding pipes 4 each include a flexible pipe in communication with the powder distributor 3 and a powder outlet pipe in communication with the flexible pipe, the internal material of the powder outlet pipe is SMC composite material, the SMC composite material has excellent properties of anti-static and high temperature resistance, and the external material of the powder outlet pipe is high-temperature-resistant anti-reflection material with certain rigidity; thereby preventing the cladding powder from generating static electricity with the powder outlet pipe during conveying, and enabling the powder outlet pipe to adapt to the rapid heating in the laser cladding process, and further enabling the emitted laser beam to be smoothly focused on the surface of the part to realize cladding;

[0044] In the embodiment, the flexible pipe has certain rigidity, and can support the rigid powder outlet pipe in space position, and the flexible pipe is used for manual adjustment by the worker to facilitate the powder outlet pipe to enter the part with a complex structure;

[0045] The three powder outlet pipes are connected with high-temperature-resistant glass pipes at the ends away from the flexible pipes, the high-temperature-resistant glass pipes have high safety factor and small thermal expansion coefficient, the high-temperature-resistant glass pipes can withstand a sharp temperature change range of ≥120℃ and a maximum heat resistance temperature of 1500℃; the high-temperature-resistant glass pipes are in communication with the powder outlet pipes, in this embodiment, the high-temperature-resistant glass pipes are embedded in the powder feeding pipes 4, and the diameter of the high-temperature-resistant glass pipes is 1.0mm; since the laser cladding process involves rapid heating, the high-temperature-resistant glass pipes can withstand rapid cooling and heating and adapt to temperature changes during the laser cladding process, and the diameter of 1.0mm of the high-temperature-resistant glass pipes enables the cladding powder to be sprayed more concentratedly on the surface of the part, thereby improving the repair effect of laser cladding;

[0046] When a complex structure part is encountered, based on the flexibility of the flexible pipes, the staff can manually adjust the angles of the three flexible pipes, that is, manually adjust the spatial positions of the three flexible pipes and the spatial postures of each flexible pipe, so that the powder outlet pipes connected to the three flexible pipes can smoothly enter the complex structure part, the position interference in the cladding repair process of the complex structure part can be avoided, and the actual cladding requirements can be met; thereby the flexibility of the powder feeding pipes 4 of the powder feeding module can be improved, so that the powder feeding pipes 4 can smoothly feed the cladding powder to the surface of the part during the cladding process of the complex structure part for laser cladding, thereby providing protection for the process implementation of laser additive remanufacturing of the complex structure part.

[0047] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the protective gas module 5 includes flexible connecting parts and a protective cover connected with the flexible connecting parts, the flexible connecting parts are in communication with the protective cover, and the flexible connecting parts and the protective cover are used together to spray argon gas to the surface of the part to form a protective gas, in this embodiment, the flexible connecting parts are provided in three, the three flexible connecting parts are connected with the protective cover together, and the flexible connecting parts and the powder feeding pipes 4 are staggered around the cladding point 6 of the laser beam and the cladding powder as the center;

[0048] The internal material of the protective cover is SMC composite material, the SMC composite material has excellent properties of anti-static and high-temperature resistance, and the external material of the powder outlet pipes and the protective cover is high-temperature-resistant anti-glare material with certain rigidity; thereby preventing static electricity from being generated between the protective gas and the protective cover during spraying, and enabling the protective cover to adapt to rapid heating during the laser cladding process, and also ensuring that the emitted laser beam can be focused on the surface of the part to realize cladding;

[0049] In this embodiment, the flexible connecting parts have certain rigidity, the flexible connecting parts can provide certain spatial position support for the rigid protective cover, and the flexible connecting parts are used for manual adjustment by the staff to facilitate the protective cover to enter the complex structure part;

[0050] In the embodiment, the protective cover is a conical cover, and the inner diameter of the protective cover gradually increases from the side close to the flexible connecting part to the side away from the flexible connecting part; thereby the range of conveying protective gas during the laser cladding process of the protective module can be increased, and the protection range of the output protective gas in the protective module is further increased, and the laser cladding work is further ensured to be carried out;

[0051] When a complex structure component is encountered, based on the flexibility of the flexible connecting part, the worker can manually adjust the angle of the flexible connecting part, that is, manually adjust the spatial posture of the flexible connecting part, so that the protective cover connected to the flexible connecting part can smoothly enter the complex structure component, the positional interference in the cladding repair process of the complex structure component can be avoided, and the actual cladding requirements can be met; thereby the flexibility of the protective gas module 5 can be increased, and the protective module can smoothly convey protective gas during the cladding process of the complex structure component, and the process implementation of the laser additive remanufacturing of the complex structure component is ensured.

[0052] The implementation principle of the processing device for laser additive repair in the embodiment of the application is as follows: when a complex structure component is encountered during laser cladding repair, the worker can manually adjust the angle of the three flexible pipes according to the actual situation, that is, manually adjust the spatial position of the three flexible pipes and the spatial posture of each flexible pipe, so that the powder outlet pipes connected to the three flexible pipes can smoothly enter the complex structure component; then the worker manually adjusts the angle of the three flexible connecting parts, that is, manually adjusts the spatial posture of each flexible connecting part, so that the protective cover connected to the three flexible connecting parts can smoothly enter the complex structure component;

[0053] Thereby the positional interference in the cladding repair process of the complex structure component can be avoided, the actual cladding requirements can be met, the flexibility of the powder feeding module and the protective gas module 5 can be increased, the powder feeding pipe 4 of the powder feeding module and the protective cover of the protective gas module 5 can smoothly convey the cladding powder to the surface of the component for laser cladding during the cladding process of the complex structure component, and the process implementation of the laser additive remanufacturing of the complex structure component is ensured.

[0054] When the powder feeding pipe 4 of the powder feeding module and the protective cover of the protective gas module 5 enter the complex structure component, the laser cladding work can be started, the laser processing module 1 is started, the laser processing module 1 emits a laser beam to the surface of the component, the optical module arranged on the laser processing module 1 focuses and shapes the laser beam emitted by the laser processing module 1, at the same time, the powder distributor 3 in the powder feeding module uniformly distributes the cladding powder, and then the cladding powder is conveyed to the surface of the component through the powder feeding pipe 4, the laser beam emitted by the laser processing module 1 and the cladding powder sprayed out of the powder feeding pipe 4 converge on the surface of the component, and thereby a good laser cladding process can be realized.

[0055] In the cladding process, the protective gas module 5 forms a protective gas by spraying argon to the surface of the component, prevents the oxygen in the air from reacting with the cladding powder to affect the cladding quality, thereby ensuring the stability and consistency of the cladding quality;

[0056] The application simplifies the functional module part of the laser processing head. The application mainly achieves the effect of increasing the flexibility of the powder feeding pipe 4 and the protective gas module 5 of the powder feeding module by movably arranging the powder feeding pipe 4 and the protective gas module 5 on the powder distributor 3, that is, by the angle-adjusting function of the powder feeding pipe 4 and the protective gas module 5. The powder feeding pipe 4 and the protective gas module 5 of the powder feeding module can smoothly enter the complex structure component, thereby expanding the running space of the powder feeding pipe 4 and the protective gas module 5 of the powder feeding module in the additive repair process, and further providing a guarantee for the process implementation of the laser additive remanufacturing of the complex structure component. The application solves the difficulty that the traditional laser processing head cannot implement the laser additive remanufacturing of the complex structure component, and further realizes the laser additive remanufacturing of the complex structure component of the rail transit.

[0057] The above are preferred embodiments of the application, and do not limit the protection scope of the application. Therefore, equivalent changes made on the basis of the structure, shape and principle of the application should be covered within the protection scope of the application.

Claims

1. A machining device for laser additive repair, characterized by: The application relates to a laser processing module (1), a powder feeding module and a protective gas module (5), wherein the laser processing module (1) is used for emitting a laser beam, the protective gas module (5) is used for conveying protective gas in a cladding process, the powder feeding module is composed of a powder distributor (3) and a powder feeding pipe (4), the powder distributor (3) is fixed on the laser processing module (1) through a connecting module (2), the powder distributor (3) and the powder feeding pipe (4) are in communication, the powder distributor (3) is used for uniformly dispersing cladding powder, the powder feeding pipe (4) is used for feeding the cladding powder to the surface of a part, and the powder feeding pipe (4) and the protective gas module (5) are movably arranged on the powder distributor (3); the powder feeding pipe (4) comprises a flexible pipe in communication with the powder distributor (3) and a powder outlet pipe in communication with the flexible pipe, the flexible pipe is used for being manually adjusted by a worker to facilitate the powder outlet pipe to enter a part with a complex structure, and the protective gas module (5) comprises a flexible connecting part and a protective cover connected with the flexible connecting part, the flexible connecting part is used for being manually adjusted by the worker to facilitate the protective cover to enter the part with the complex structure.

2. The machining device for laser additive repair according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the powder outlet pipe away from the flexible pipe is connected with a high-temperature-resistant glass pipe, and the diameter of the high-temperature-resistant glass pipe is 1.0 mm.

3. The machining device for laser additive repair according to claim 1, characterized in that: The internal material of the powder outlet pipe and the protective cover is SMC composite material, and the external material of the powder outlet pipe and the protective cover is high-temperature-resistant anti-light-reflection material.

4. The machining device for laser additive repair according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the protective cover gradually increases from the side close to the flexible connecting part to the side away from the flexible connecting part.

5. The machining device for laser additive repair according to claim 1, characterized in that: An optical module is arranged on the laser processing module (1), and the optical module is used for focusing and shaping the laser beam emitted by the laser processing module (1).

6. The machining device for laser additive repair according to claim 5, characterized in that: The focal length of the optical module is greater than 400 mm.

7. The machining device for laser additive repair according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser beam emitted by the laser processing module (1) and the cladding powder sprayed by the powder feeding pipe (4) converge on the surface of the part.

8. The machining device for laser additive repair according to claim 1, characterized in that: Threaded holes are arranged on the connecting module (2) and the powder distributor (3) and are in communication, and the threaded holes are used for connecting and fixing the connecting module (2) and the powder distributor (3).

9. The machining device for laser additive repair according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of the cladding powder ranges from 25 to 53 mu m.

10. The machining device for laser additive repair according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power of the laser processing module (1) is less than or equal to 1000 W.

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