Slag-receiving protection device and tunneling device

Abstract

The application provides a slag receiving protection device and a tunneling device, and relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, to solve the problem that the related technology cannot better ensure the safety of construction personnel in the process of construction or maintenance of the tunneling machine. The slag receiving protection device comprises a slag receiving hopper assembly, a first gushing prevention door assembly and a cover plate assembly. The cover plate assembly is slidingly arranged on the slag receiving hopper assembly, and the first gushing prevention door assembly is arranged on the side of the slag receiving hopper assembly close to the belt conveyor. In the normal working state of the tunneling device, the cover plate assembly is in an open state, and the first gushing prevention door assembly is open. In the tool changing working state of the tunneling device, the cover plate assembly is in a closed state, and the first gushing prevention door assembly is open. In the adverse state of water gushing or sand gushing of the tunneling device, the cover plate assembly is in a closed state, and the first gushing prevention door assembly is closed. The application can provide safety protection for construction personnel during the construction or maintenance operation process, and can maximize the safety of construction personnel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of tunnel construction technology, and in particular to a muck protection device and a tunnel excavation device. Background Technology

[0002] A tunnel boring machine (TBM), also known as a shield tunneling machine, is a specialized engineering machine for tunnel excavation. It has functions such as excavating and cutting soil, transporting excavated material, assembling tunnel lining, and measuring and guiding the tunnel. Using TBMs for tunnel construction offers advantages such as high automation, labor savings, and fast construction speed. It is particularly economical and reasonable for tunnels with long tunnel lengths and significant depths.

[0003] A TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) is a type of tunnel boring machine used for full-face tunnel construction and is widely used in the excavation of mountain tunnels. During operation, the cutterhead drives the roller cutters to rotate and crush the rock. The crushed rock slides through the chute on the cutterhead into the muck hopper and is then transported out by a belt conveyor. Due to the complex and variable geological conditions, the tunneling process may encounter adverse geological conditions such as faults and sudden water inrushes, which seriously threaten the safety of construction personnel behind the cutterhead. In addition, maintenance personnel face the risk of falling debris from above the tunnel when changing cutters inside the cutterhead.

[0004] Therefore, ensuring the safety of construction personnel during the construction or maintenance of tunneling machines has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The embodiments of this application provide a slag protection device and a tunnel excavation device, which can simultaneously provide safety protection for construction personnel during construction or maintenance operations, and ensure the safety of construction personnel to the greatest extent.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, a first aspect of the present application provides a slag receiving protection device, which is installed in a tunnel boring machine and located between the cutterhead and the belt conveyor. The slag receiving protection device includes a slag receiving hopper assembly, a first anti-surge door assembly, and a cover plate assembly. The cover plate assembly is slidably disposed on the side of the slag receiving hopper assembly near the cutterhead, and the first anti-surge door assembly is disposed on the side of the slag receiving hopper assembly near the belt conveyor. The cover plate assembly and the first anti-surge door assembly are disposed opposite to each other, and the cover plate assembly, the slag receiving hopper assembly, and the first anti-surge door assembly together form a slag receiving trough. When the tunnel boring machine is in normal working condition, the cover plate assembly slides along the first direction and is in the open state, and the first anti-surge door assembly is open; when the tunnel boring machine is in the cutterhead changing working state, the cover plate assembly slides along the second direction and is in the closed state, and the first anti-surge door assembly is open, the first direction and the second direction are opposite directions; when the tunnel boring machine is in an adverse state such as water inrush or sand inrush, the cover plate assembly slides along the second direction and is in the closed state, and the first anti-surge door assembly is closed.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the slag receiving trough includes a first opening near the cover plate assembly and a second opening near the first anti-surge gate assembly; the two ends of the slag receiving trough are respectively connected to the cutter head through the first opening and to the belt conveyor through the second opening.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the slag receiving hopper assembly includes a slag receiving hopper base and a slag chute, the slag chute being disposed on the side of the slag receiving hopper base near the slag receiving trough, and the cover plate assembly and the slag chute being slidably connected.

[0009] In one possible implementation, a slider is provided on one of the cover plate assembly and the slag chute, and a slide rail is provided on the other of the cover plate assembly and the slag chute, and the cover plate assembly and the slag chute are slidably connected by the slider and the slide rail.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the cover plate assembly includes a cover plate body, a cover plate cylinder, and a first hydraulic pipe. The cover plate body and the cover plate cylinder are connected, and the cover plate cylinder is connected to the first hydraulic pipe. The first hydraulic pipe is used to hydraulically drive the cover plate cylinder to extend or retract, and the cover plate cylinder is used to drive the cover plate body to open or close. The cover plate body and the slag chute are slidably connected.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the first anti-surge gate assembly includes a first anti-surge gate body, an anti-surge gate cylinder, and a second hydraulic pipe. The first anti-surge gate body is connected to the anti-surge gate cylinder and is disposed on the side of the slag receiving hopper assembly near the belt conveyor, and opposite to the cover plate assembly. The anti-surge gate cylinder is connected to the second hydraulic pipe, which is used to hydraulically drive the extension or retraction of the anti-surge gate cylinder. The anti-surge gate cylinder is used to drive the opening or closing of the first anti-surge gate body.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the first anti-surge gate assembly further includes a first support plate disposed between the first anti-surge gate body and the slag receiving hopper assembly, the first support plate being used to support the first anti-surge gate body.

[0013] In one possible implementation, a second anti-surge gate assembly is further included, comprising a second anti-surge gate body and a second support plate; the second anti-surge gate body is disposed on the slag receiving hopper assembly and located on the side of the first anti-surge gate assembly near the inner wall of the slag receiving hopper assembly; when the tunnel boring device is in a state of water inrush, sand inrush, etc., the second anti-surge gate body is closed; the second support plate is disposed at the bottom of the second anti-surge gate body and is used to support the second anti-surge gate body.

[0014] A second aspect of this application also provides a tunnel boring machine (TBM) for use in a tunnel. The TBM includes a TBM base, a cutterhead, a main drive, a belt conveyor, and a muck collection protection device. The cutterhead is disposed at the front end of the TBM base. The main drive and the belt conveyor are both disposed near the rear end of the TBM base, with the belt conveyor located in the middle of the main drive. The muck collection protection device is located between the cutterhead and the belt conveyor, and the muck collection hopper assembly of the muck collection protection device is connected to the main drive.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the cutterhead has a slag outlet facing the slag receiving and protection device; the slag excavated by the cutterhead is transported through the slag outlet to the slag receiving and material receiving trough of the slag receiving and protection device, and then transported to a designated location by the belt conveyor.

[0016] The muck-receiving protection device and tunnel boring machine provided in this application include a muck-receiving hopper assembly, a first anti-surge door assembly, and a cover plate assembly. Under normal working conditions, these components ensure normal muck discharge from the tunnel boring machine; or, when construction personnel enter the cutterhead for cutterhead replacement (maintenance work), they prevent falling debris from the top, providing safety protection for the personnel; or, in the event of sudden water or sand inrush during tunneling, they achieve a seal, preventing water from entering the tunnel and buying time for the construction personnel to escape. Therefore, this application can simultaneously provide safety protection for construction personnel during construction or maintenance operations, maximizing their safety.

[0017] The structure of this application, as well as its other objectives and beneficial effects, will become more apparent from the description of the preferred embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the tunnel boring machine provided in the embodiments of this application when it is in normal operation;

[0020] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the tunnel boring device provided in this application embodiment during cutter replacement operation;

[0021] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the slag receiving protection device provided in this application embodiment when both the first anti-surge gate body and the second anti-surge gate body are open;

[0022] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the slag receiving protection device provided in this application embodiment when both the first anti-surge gate body and the second anti-surge gate body are closed;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cover plate assembly of the slag receiving protection device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0024] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the first anti-surge gate body and the second anti-surge gate body of the slag receiving protection device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0025] Figure 7 A side view of the cover plate assembly of the slag receiving protection device provided in the embodiment of this application in the closed state.

[0026] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0027] 100 - Slag receiving protection device;

[0028] 110 - Slag hopper assembly; 111 - Slag hopper base; 112 - Slide rail;

[0029] 120 - First surge protector assembly; 121 - First surge protector body; 122 - Surge protector hydraulic cylinder;

[0030] 123 - First support plate; 130 - Cover plate assembly; 131 - Cover plate body;

[0031] 132 - Cover plate cylinder; 140 - Slag and material receiving trough; 141 - First opening;

[0032] 142 - Second opening; 150 - Second surge shield assembly; 151 - Second surge shield body;

[0033] 152 - Second support plate;

[0034] 200 - Tunnel boring machine;

[0035] 210 - Cutter head; 211 - Slag outlet; 220 - Belt conveyor;

[0036] 230 - Tunneling device base; 231 - Receiving cavity; 240 - Main drive. Detailed Implementation

[0037] With the development of the national economy and the acceleration of tunnel construction, the shield tunneling method has been widely used due to its economic efficiency. The shield tunneling method is a fully mechanized construction method. It involves advancing a shield machine underground, using the shield shell and tunnel segments to support the surrounding rock and prevent collapse into the tunnel. Simultaneously, cutting devices excavate the soil in front of the excavation face, transporting the excavated soil out of the tunnel using haulage machinery. Jacks then apply pressure from the rear to propel the tunnel forward, and precast concrete tunnel segments are assembled to form the tunnel structure.

[0038] Open-face TBMs (Tunnel Boring Machines) are common tunnel boring machines, widely used in the excavation of mountain tunnels. During operation, the cutterhead drives the roller cutters to rotate and crush the rock. The crushed rock slides into the muck hopper via a chute on the cutterhead, and is then transported out by a belt conveyor. This method offers high construction efficiency and can handle long-distance hard rock conditions.

[0039] However, in actual operations, due to the complex and variable geological conditions, adverse geological conditions such as faults, sudden water inrushes, and sand inrushes may be encountered during tunneling, seriously threatening the safety of construction personnel behind the cutterhead. In addition, maintenance personnel face the risk of falling rocks from above the tunnel when performing cutterhead replacement operations inside the cutterhead. Therefore, ensuring the safety of construction personnel during tunnel boring machine construction or maintenance has become an urgent problem to be solved.

[0040] Based on the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a muck receiving protection device and a tunnel boring machine, including a muck receiving hopper assembly, a first anti-surge door assembly, and a cover plate assembly. This ensures normal muck discharge from the tunnel boring machine during normal operation; prevents falling debris from the top when workers enter the cutterhead for cutterhead replacement (maintenance work), providing safety protection for the workers; and seals the tunnel in case of sudden water or sand inrush during tunneling, preventing water from entering the tunnel and buying time for workers to escape. Therefore, this application can simultaneously provide safety protection for workers during construction or maintenance operations, maximizing their safety.

[0041] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the tunnel boring machine provided in this embodiment of the application when it is in normal operation. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the tunnel boring machine provided in this embodiment of the application during cutterhead changing. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the slag receiving protection device provided in this application embodiment when both the first anti-surge gate body and the second anti-surge gate body are open. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the slag receiving protection device provided in this application embodiment when both the first anti-surge gate body and the second anti-surge gate body are closed. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cover plate assembly of the slag receiving protection device provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the first anti-surge gate body and the second anti-surge gate body of the slag receiving protection device provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 7 A side view of the cover plate assembly of the slag receiving protection device provided in the embodiment of this application in the closed state.

[0043] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, this application provides a tunnel boring machine 200, mainly used in tunnels to excavate tunnel strata. In this application embodiment, the tunnel boring machine 200 is mainly described as a TBM (tunnel boring machine), also known as a shield tunneling machine.

[0044] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the tunnel boring machine 200 includes: a machine base 230, a cutterhead 210, a main drive 240, and a belt conveyor 220. Since the cutterhead 210 is used for excavating the tunnel strata, it is located at the front end of the machine base 230, which can also be referred to as the excavation end. Both the main drive 240 and the belt conveyor 220 are located near the rear end of the machine base 230, with the belt conveyor 220 positioned in the middle of the main drive 240.

[0045] Among them, reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the tunneling device base 230 can be the outer shell of the tunnel boring machine 200, and the outer shell has a receiving cavity 231, in which the main drive 240 and the belt conveyor 220 are both located. The main drive 240 is the core drive component of the tunnel boring machine, playing a role in power conversion and output during shield tunneling. The belt conveyor 220 is the transport component of the tunnel boring machine, mainly used to transport the excavated soil, slag, etc. from the cutterhead 210 during the excavation process.

[0046] The cutterhead 210 has a muck outlet 211. During the operation of the tunnel boring machine 200, the excavated soil and rock from the cutterhead 210 are first transported to the belt conveyor 220 through the muck outlet 211, and then transported to the designated location by the belt conveyor 220. It should be noted that the designated location can be any position behind the cutterhead 210, and can be placed according to the actual situation.

[0047] Continue to refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in order to ensure the safety of construction personnel during operation, in this embodiment of the application, the tunnel boring machine 200 also includes a slag receiving protection device 100, wherein the slag receiving protection device 100 is located between the cutterhead 210 and the belt conveyor 220. One end of the slag receiving protection device 100 is engaged with and fixed to the main drive 240, and the other end extends into the cutterhead 210 to receive slag. The slag received is transported to the rear side of the cutterhead 210 through the belt conveyor 220 at the bottom.

[0048] Reference Figures 3 to 7As shown, the slag receiving protection device 100 may include a slag receiving hopper assembly 110, a first anti-surge gate assembly 120, and a cover plate assembly 130. The cover plate assembly 130 is slidably disposed on the side of the slag receiving hopper assembly 110 near the cutter head 210, and the first anti-surge gate assembly 120 is disposed on the side of the slag receiving hopper assembly 110 near the belt conveyor 220. The cover plate assembly 130 and the first anti-surge gate assembly 120 are arranged opposite to each other, and the cover plate assembly 130, the slag receiving hopper assembly 110, and the first anti-surge gate assembly 120 together form a slag receiving trough 140.

[0049] The cover plate assembly 130 and the slag receiving hopper assembly 110 are slidably connected, which is simple, safe and reliable. The slidable connection method is convenient and labor-saving, which helps to save manpower, reduce safety risks during operation, and improve the operator's experience.

[0050] Specifically, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the slag receiving trough 140 may include a first opening 141 near the cover plate assembly 130 and a second opening 142 near the first anti-surge gate assembly 120. The two ends of the slag receiving trough 140 are connected to the cutter head 210 through the first opening 141 and to the belt conveyor 220 through the second opening 142, respectively.

[0051] In this way, during the operation, the excavated soil from the cutterhead 210 can enter the slag receiving trough 140 through the first opening 141, and then be transported from the belt conveyor 220 to the rear side of the cutterhead 210 through the second opening 142.

[0052] In actual operation, when the tunneling machine is working normally, both the first opening 141 and the second opening 142 need to be in an open state to ensure normal muck removal. Specifically, the cover plate assembly 130 slides along the first direction, and the cover plate assembly 130 is in the open state. The first anti-surge gate assembly 120 opens inward, thereby exposing the muck receiving trough 140, so that the muck excavated by the cutterhead 210 can be smoothly transported to the belt conveyor 220 through the muck receiving trough 140.

[0053] It should be noted that the first direction can be referred to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown by arrow A1, i.e., the first direction is the direction away from the cutter head 210, the structural schematic diagram of the cover plate assembly 130 in the open state is as follows. Figure 1 As shown.

[0054] When the tunneling machine needs to change cutterheads, the first opening 141 must be closed. This ensures that the slag receiving trough 140 is not connected to the cutterhead 210, thus preventing the excavated soil from the cutterhead 210 from falling into the slag receiving trough 140 through the first opening 141, preventing rockfall, and providing safety protection for construction personnel. The second opening 142 is open, allowing construction personnel to enter the slag receiving trough 140 through the second opening 142 and then enter the cutterhead 210 to perform the cutterhead change operation. Specifically, the cover plate assembly 130 slides along the second direction, and when the cover plate assembly 130 is in the closed state, the first anti-surge door assembly 120 opens inward.

[0055] It should be noted that the second direction can be referred to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As indicated by the middle arrow A2, i.e., the second direction is the direction closer to the cutter head 210, the structural schematic diagram of the cover plate assembly 130 in the closed state is shown below. Figure 2 As shown, the side view of the cover assembly 130 in the closed state is as follows: Figure 7 As shown, the first direction and the second direction are opposite directions.

[0056] Among them, the cutterhead replacement operation of the tunneling machine is a type of maintenance operation.

[0057] When the tunneling machine encounters a sudden water inrush during tunneling, both the first opening 141 and the second opening 142 must be closed to ensure that the slag and material receiving trough 140 is a sealed cavity. This helps to delay the water inrush into the rear of the tunnel, buying time for construction personnel to escape. Specifically, the cover plate assembly 130 slides along the second direction, so that the cover plate assembly 130 is in the closed state, and the second anti-water inrush door assembly is closed.

[0058] Therefore, the slag discharge protection device 100 and tunnel boring machine 200 provided in this application embodiment can ensure normal slag discharge of the tunnel boring machine 200 under normal working conditions; or prevent top debris from falling when construction personnel enter the cutterhead 210 for cutter replacement, providing safety protection for the personnel; or achieve sealing in the event of a sudden flood during the tunneling process, thereby preventing water from entering the tunnel and buying time for the construction personnel to escape. Therefore, this application can simultaneously provide safety protection for construction personnel during construction or maintenance operations, ensuring the safety of construction personnel to the greatest extent.

[0059] In one possible implementation, refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the slag receiving hopper assembly 110 may include a slag receiving hopper base 111 and a slag discharge plate. The slag discharge plate is disposed on the side of the slag receiving hopper base 111 near the slag receiving trough 140. The cover plate assembly 130 and the slag discharge plate are slidably connected.

[0060] Specifically, a slider may be provided on one of the cover plate assembly 130 and the slag chute, and a slide rail 112 may be provided on the other of the cover plate assembly 130 and the slag chute. The cover plate assembly 130 and the slag chute are slidably connected by the slider and the slide rail 112.

[0061] In this embodiment, the example mainly uses a slider mounted on the cover plate assembly 130 and a slide rail 112 mounted on the slag chute. It should be noted that this embodiment includes, but is not limited to, the sliding method between the slider and the slide rail 112. For example, other components with sliding functions can also be provided, but this embodiment does not further limit this.

[0062] In one possible implementation, refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the cover plate assembly 130 may include a cover plate body 131, a cover plate cylinder 132 and a first hydraulic pipe. The cover plate body 131 and the cover plate cylinder 132 are connected, and the cover plate cylinder 132 is connected to the first hydraulic pipe. Specifically, the cover plate body 131 and the slag chute are slidably connected.

[0063] In actual operation, when the tunneling machine is working normally, the first hydraulic pipe is used to hydraulically drive the cover plate cylinder 132 to return oil and retract, and the cover plate cylinder 132 is used to drive the cover plate body 131 to open; when the tunneling machine needs to change cutters or encounters sudden water inrush, sand inrush or other adverse conditions during tunneling, the first hydraulic pipe is used to hydraulically drive the cover plate cylinder 132 to extend, and the cover plate cylinder 132 is used to drive the cover plate body 131 to close.

[0064] Therefore, by setting up the cover plate cylinder 132 and the first hydraulic pipe, the automatic control of the cover plate body 131 can be realized. The structure is simple, safe and reliable, convenient and labor-saving, which helps to save manpower. Moreover, it can react in time when encountering emergencies, minimizing the occurrence of potential dangers.

[0065] In one possible implementation, refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the first anti-surge gate assembly 120 may include a first anti-surge gate body 121, an anti-surge gate cylinder 122, and a second hydraulic pipe. The first anti-surge gate body 121 and the anti-surge gate cylinder 122 are connected. The first anti-surge gate body 121 is located on the side of the slag receiving hopper assembly 110 near the belt conveyor 220 and is arranged opposite to the cover plate assembly 130.

[0066] The first anti-surge gate body 121 can be symmetrically installed on the slag receiving hopper base 111 by means of movable pins and opens toward the inside of the slag receiving hopper base 111. The anti-surge gate cylinder 122 is connected to the second hydraulic pipe.

[0067] In actual operation, when the tunneling machine is working normally or when a cutterhead needs to be changed, the second hydraulic pipe is used to hydraulically drive the anti-surge gate cylinder 122 to retract, and the anti-surge gate cylinder 122 is used to drive the first anti-surge gate body 121 to open; when the tunneling machine encounters sudden water inrush, sand inrush or other adverse conditions during tunneling, the second hydraulic pipe is used to hydraulically drive the anti-surge gate cylinder 122 to extend, and the anti-surge gate cylinder 122 is used to drive the first anti-surge gate body 121 to close.

[0068] Therefore, by setting up the anti-surge gate cylinder 122 and the second hydraulic pipe, the automatic control of the first anti-surge gate body 121 can be realized. The structure is simple, safe and reliable, convenient and labor-saving, which helps to save manpower. Moreover, it can react in time when encountering emergencies and minimize the occurrence of potential dangers.

[0069] In one possible implementation, refer to Figure 4 As shown, the first anti-surge gate assembly 120 may further include a first support plate 123, which is disposed between the first anti-surge gate body 121 and the slag receiving hopper assembly 110. By including the first support plate 123, the first support plate 123 can effectively support the first anti-surge gate body 121 and improve the assembly stability between the first anti-surge gate body 121 and the slag receiving hopper assembly 110, thereby improving the assembly stability and structural strength of the first anti-surge gate body 121.

[0070] For example, a portion of the first support plate 123 can be fixed to the first anti-surge gate body 121, and another portion of the first support plate 123 can be fixed to the slag receiving hopper assembly 110, thereby achieving a fixed connection between the first support plate 123 and the slag receiving hopper assembly 110. For example, the first support plate 123 can be fixed to the first anti-surge gate body 121 and the slag receiving hopper assembly 110 respectively by welding, snap-fitting, etc. In this embodiment, the example of the first support plate 123 being fixed to the first anti-surge gate body 121 and the slag receiving hopper assembly 110 respectively by welding is mainly used for illustration.

[0071] It should be noted that there are no further restrictions on the material, shape, model, quantity, and arrangement of the first support plate 123, which can be set according to actual needs.

[0072] In one possible implementation, refer to Figures 3 to 6 As shown, it may also include a second anti-surge gate assembly 150, which may include a second anti-surge gate body 151 and a second support plate 152. Specifically, the second anti-surge gate body 151 is disposed on the slag hopper base 111 of the slag hopper assembly 110 and is located on the side of the first anti-surge gate assembly 120 near the inner wall of the slag hopper assembly 110.

[0073] The second anti-surge gate body 151 can be symmetrically installed at the bottom of the slag receiving hopper base 111 via movable pins and opens toward the interior of the slag receiving hopper base 111.

[0074] By including the second anti-surge gate assembly 150, when the tunneling machine is working normally or when cutterhead replacement is required, the second anti-surge gate assembly 150 can be manually opened, so that construction personnel can enter the slag receiving trough 140 through either the first anti-surge gate assembly 120 or the second anti-surge gate assembly 150. Alternatively, the second anti-surge gate assembly 150 can also be manually closed, and construction personnel can only enter through the first anti-surge gate assembly 120, thereby helping to improve the selectivity during the operation. When the tunneling machine encounters a sudden water inrush during the tunneling process, both the first anti-surge gate assembly 120 and the second anti-surge gate assembly 150 are closed, thereby ensuring the sealing of the slag receiving trough 140.

[0075] Specifically, the side of the first surge shield body 121 contacts the front of the second surge shield body 151. When both the first surge shield body 121 and the second surge shield body 151 are open, refer to... Figure 6 As shown, the first anti-surge gate body 121 is located behind the second anti-surge gate body 151. That is, the first anti-surge gate body 121 is located on the side of the second anti-surge gate body 151 close to the inner wall of the slag receiving hopper base 111, and the second anti-surge gate body 151 is located on the side of the first anti-surge gate body 121 close to the slag receiving trough 140.

[0076] In this way, when the tunneling machine encounters a sudden water inrush during the tunneling process, if the second anti-rush gate body 151 is in the open state, it can also automatically close under the push of the first anti-rush gate body 121, and the side is also sealed.

[0077] The second support plate 152 is disposed at the bottom of the second anti-surge gate body 151. In this way, the second support plate 152 can effectively support the second anti-surge gate body 151 and improve the assembly strength of the second anti-surge gate body 151. For example, the second support plate 152 can be fixed to the second anti-surge gate body 151 by welding.

[0078] It should be noted that there are no further restrictions on the material, shape, model, quantity, and arrangement of the second support plate 152, which can be set according to actual needs.

[0079] The following describes the three working states of the slag protection device 100 and the tunnel boring machine 200:

[0080] First scenario: Tunnel boring machine 200 in normal working condition:

[0081] Reference Figure 1As shown, the first hydraulic pipe retracts by hydraulically driving the cover cylinder 132, which in turn drives the cover body 131 to open. Simultaneously, the second hydraulic pipe retracts by hydraulically driving the anti-surge gate cylinder 122, which in turn drives the first anti-surge gate body 121 to open. The second anti-surge gate body 151 can be manually opened or closed. At this time, the two ends of the slag receiving trough 140 are connected to the cutter head 210 through the first opening 141 and to the belt conveyor 220 through the second opening 142, respectively. The belt conveyor 220 extends into the slag receiving trough 140. The cutter head 210 rotates to excavate, break rocks, scrape and discharge slag. The belt conveyor 220 transports the slag excavated by the cutter head 210 to the designated location.

[0082] The second scenario: When the tunnel boring machine 200 requires a cutterhead replacement:

[0083] Reference Figure 2 As shown, the cutterhead 210 stops rotating, the belt conveyor 220 exits the slag receiving hopper base 111, the first hydraulic pipe extends by hydraulically driving the cover cylinder 132, and the cover cylinder 132 drives the cover body 131 to close. At the same time, the second hydraulic pipe retracts by hydraulically driving the anti-surge gate cylinder 122, and the anti-surge gate cylinder 122 drives the first anti-surge gate body 121 to open. The second anti-surge gate body 151 can be opened manually or kept closed. Construction personnel can pass through the slag receiving hopper base 111 to enter the cutterhead 210 to perform cutter replacement operations.

[0084] The third scenario: When the tunnel boring machine 200 encounters sudden adverse conditions such as water inrush or sand inrush during tunneling:

[0085] Reference Figure 2 As shown, the cutterhead 210 stops rotating, the belt conveyor 220 exits the slag receiving hopper base 111, the first hydraulic pipe extends and inlets through the hydraulically driven cover cylinder 132, the cover cylinder 132 drives the cover body 131 to close, and the top is sealed. At the same time, the second hydraulic pipe extends and inlets through the hydraulically driven anti-surge gate cylinder 122, the anti-surge gate cylinder 122 drives the first anti-surge gate body 121 to close, and the second anti-surge gate body 151 also closes. If the second anti-surge gate body 151 is in the open state at this time, it can also automatically close simultaneously under the push of the first anti-surge gate body 121, and the side is also sealed. In this way, the water inrush into the back of the tunnel can be delayed to the maximum extent, buying time for the construction personnel to escape.

[0086] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0087] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms “comprising” and “having” as used herein, and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are expressly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not expressly listed or that are inherent to such process, method, product, or apparatus.

[0088] Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the connection within two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated.

[0089] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A muck-receiving protection device, installed in a tunnel boring machine and located between the cutterhead and the belt conveyor, characterized in that, The slag receiving protection device includes a slag receiving hopper assembly, a first anti-surge door assembly, and a cover plate assembly; The cover plate assembly is slidably disposed on the side of the slag receiving hopper assembly near the cutter head, and the first anti-surge gate assembly is disposed on the side of the slag receiving hopper assembly near the belt conveyor. The cover plate assembly and the first anti-surge gate assembly are disposed opposite to each other, and the cover plate assembly, the slag receiving hopper assembly and the first anti-surge gate assembly together form a slag receiving trough. When the tunnel boring machine is in normal working condition, the cover plate assembly slides along the first direction and is in the open state, and the first anti-surge door assembly is open; When the tunnel boring machine is in the cutterhead changing state, the cover plate assembly slides along the second direction and is in the closed state, while the first anti-surge door assembly is open. The first direction and the second direction are opposite directions. When the tunnel boring machine is in an adverse state such as water inrush or sand inrush, the cover plate assembly slides along the second direction and is in a closed state, and the first anti-surge door assembly is closed.

2. The slag receiving protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slag receiving trough includes a first opening near the cover plate assembly and a second opening near the first anti-surge gate assembly; The two ends of the slag receiving trough are connected to the cutter head through the first opening and to the belt conveyor through the second opening, respectively.

3. The slag receiving protection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The slag receiving hopper assembly includes a slag receiving hopper base and a slag discharge plate. The slag discharge plate is disposed on the side of the slag receiving hopper base near the slag receiving trough. The cover plate assembly and the slag discharge plate are slidably connected.

4. The slag receiving protection device according to claim 3, characterized in that, One of the cover plate assembly and the slag chute is provided with a slider, and the other of the cover plate assembly and the slag chute is provided with a slide rail. The cover plate assembly and the slag chute are slidably connected by the slider and the slide rail.

5. The slag receiving protection device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The cover plate assembly includes a cover plate body, a cover plate cylinder, and a first hydraulic pipe. The cover plate body and the cover plate cylinder are connected, and the cover plate cylinder is connected to the first hydraulic pipe. The first hydraulic pipe is used to hydraulically drive the extension or retraction of the cover plate cylinder, and the cover plate cylinder is used to drive the cover plate body to open or close. The cover plate body and the slag chute are slidably connected.

6. The slag receiving protection device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The first anti-surge gate assembly includes a first anti-surge gate body, an anti-surge gate cylinder, and a second hydraulic pipe. The first anti-surge gate body is connected to the anti-surge gate cylinder. The first anti-surge gate body is located on the side of the slag receiving hopper assembly closer to the belt conveyor and is disposed opposite to the cover plate assembly. The surge arrestor cylinder is connected to the second hydraulic pipe, which is used to hydraulically drive the surge arrestor cylinder to extend or retract, and the surge arrestor cylinder is used to drive the first surge arrestor body to open or close.

7. The slag receiving protection device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first anti-surge gate assembly also includes a first support plate, which is disposed between the first anti-surge gate body and the slag receiving hopper assembly, and is used to support the first anti-surge gate body.

8. The slag receiving protection device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, It also includes a second surge shield assembly, which includes a second surge shield body and a second support plate; The second anti-surge gate body is mounted on the slag receiving hopper assembly and is located on the side of the first anti-surge gate assembly near the inner wall of the slag receiving hopper assembly; when the tunnel boring device is in a state of water inrush, sand inrush, etc., the second anti-surge gate body is closed; The second support plate is disposed at the bottom of the second anti-surge gate body, and the second support plate is used to support the second anti-surge gate body.

9. A tunnel boring machine, used in a tunnel, characterized in that, The tunnel boring machine includes a tunnel boring machine base, a cutterhead, a main drive, a belt conveyor, and a slag protection device as described in any one of claims 1-8. The cutterhead is located at the front end of the tunneling device base, and the main drive and the belt conveyor are both located near the rear end of the tunneling device base, with the belt conveyor located in the middle of the main drive; the slag receiving protection device is located between the cutterhead and the belt conveyor, and the slag receiving hopper assembly of the slag receiving protection device is connected to the main drive.

10. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 9, characterized in that, The cutter head has a slag outlet, which faces the slag receiving and protection device; The excavated soil from the cutterhead is transported through the slag outlet to the slag receiving and material receiving trough of the slag receiving and protection device, and then transported to a designated location by the belt conveyor.

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