Heat exchange structure and water heater

Abstract

This invention provides a heat exchange structure, comprising: a compressor for supplying refrigerant; a main pipeline, one end of which is connected to the compressor, and the other end of which is connected to a heat exchanger component for heat exchange with the refrigerant in the main pipeline; a liquid storage device having a liquid storage chamber; a liquid storage pipeline, one end of which is connected to the main pipeline, and the other end of which communicates with the liquid storage chamber to allow refrigerant from the main pipeline to flow into the liquid storage pipeline; and a liquid storage valve for controlling the on / off state of the liquid storage pipeline. This heat exchange structure solves the technical problem of affecting the heating effect of a water heater when the refrigerant dosage is too high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water heater technology, specifically to a heat exchange structure and a water heater. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, when developing a new series of heat pump water heaters, engineers test the optimal refrigerant charge under different operating conditions in the laboratory to determine a suitable refrigerant charge to ensure the unit operates normally. However, this process may lead to the following problems:

[0003] First, excessive refrigerant charge at high water temperatures will negatively impact heat exchange efficiency. When the ambient temperature is constant, as the water temperature rises, both the condensing and evaporating temperatures of the unit increase. This reduces the refrigerant's suction volume and increases its mass flow rate. While this can increase heat exchange to some extent, excessively high condensing temperatures will negatively affect the heating effect. Excessive refrigerant will accumulate in the condenser, further reducing heat exchange efficiency. Therefore, when heating at high water temperatures, excessive refrigerant charge does more harm than good.

[0004] Secondly, at low ambient temperatures, the exhaust temperature will be very high due to the low intake pressure; similarly, at high ambient temperatures, the exhaust temperature will also be too high due to the high intake temperature. Excessive exhaust temperature leads to abnormal unit operation.

[0005] In addition, heat pump units are prone to frost formation under low temperature and high humidity conditions. After running for a period of time, they must be switched to cooling for defrosting, which leads to a decline in unit performance.

[0006] Therefore, existing water heaters suffer from the problem of refrigerant affecting heating efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned technical deficiencies and provide a heat exchange structure and water heater to solve the technical problem that the heating effect is affected when the refrigerant dosage of the water heater is too high in the related art.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a heat exchange structure is provided, comprising: a compressor for supplying refrigerant; a main pipeline, one end of which is connected to the compressor, and the other end of which is connected to a heat exchanger component for heat exchange of the refrigerant in the main pipeline through the heat exchanger component; a liquid storage device having a liquid storage chamber; a liquid storage pipeline, one end of which is connected to the main pipeline, and the other end of which is connected to the liquid storage chamber for introducing the refrigerant in the main pipeline into the liquid storage pipeline; and a liquid storage valve for controlling the opening and closing of the liquid storage pipeline is provided on the liquid storage pipeline.

[0009] Furthermore, the liquid storage device is equipped with: a first liquid inlet, which is connected to the liquid storage chamber; a first liquid outlet, which is connected to the liquid storage chamber, and a first return liquid pipeline is provided on the first liquid outlet, which is connected to the main pipeline, and a return liquid valve for controlling the opening and closing of the first return liquid pipeline is provided on the first return liquid pipeline; and a first pressure sensor, which is provided on the main pipeline and connected to the return liquid valve.

[0010] Furthermore, the first inlet and the first outlet are connected to the bottom of the storage chamber at intervals. The storage device also includes a second inlet and a second outlet that are connected to the top of the storage chamber at intervals. The heat exchange structure also includes a delivery pipeline, one end of which is connected to the main pipeline and the other end of which is connected to the first inlet. A second return pipeline connected to the main pipeline is provided on the second outlet.

[0011] Furthermore, the liquid storage device is equipped with a heat exchange structure, which includes: a first heat dissipation pipe extending along a spiral line, a second liquid inlet located at one end of the first heat dissipation pipe, and a second liquid outlet located at the other end of the first heat dissipation pipe; and a second heat dissipation pipe extending along a spiral line, which is in contact with the first heat dissipation pipe, with a heat dissipation inlet at one end for introducing low-temperature coolant and a heat dissipation outlet at the other end for leading out low-temperature coolant.

[0012] Furthermore, the liquid storage device also includes a heat exchange tube, which is arranged around the liquid storage cavity. One end of the heat exchange tube is connected to the liquid delivery pipeline, and the other end of the heat exchange tube is provided with a defrosting pipeline connected to the main pipeline.

[0013] Furthermore, the heat exchange structure also includes: a three-way valve, the first port of which is connected to the infusion pipeline; a first infusion pipeline, one end of which is connected to the second port of the three-way valve, and the other end of which is connected to the second inlet; and a second infusion pipeline, one end of which is connected to the third port of the three-way valve, and the other end of which is connected to the heat exchange tube.

[0014] Furthermore, the heat exchange structure also includes: a first throttling pipe, which is equipped with a deep throttling element and a first solenoid valve. The deep throttling element is used to throttle the coolant in the first throttling pipe, and the first solenoid valve is used to control the opening and closing of the first throttling pipe. One end of the first throttling pipe is connected to the main pipe, and the other end of the first throttling pipe is connected to the first interface. A second throttling pipe is connected in parallel with the second throttling pipe. The second throttling pipe is equipped with a shallow throttling element and a second solenoid valve. The shallow throttling element is used to throttle the coolant in the second throttling pipe, and the second solenoid valve is used to control the opening and closing of the second throttling pipe. The length of the pipe with the deep throttling element is greater than the length of the pipe with the shallow throttling element.

[0015] Furthermore, the heat exchanger components include a plate heat exchanger and a finned heat exchanger. The liquid storage device is located downstream of the plate heat exchanger, and the finned heat exchanger is located downstream of the liquid storage device. A second pressure sensor is installed between the liquid storage device and the plate heat exchanger. The second pressure sensor is connected to the liquid storage valve to control the opening and closing of the liquid storage pipeline according to the pressure of the coolant in the main pipeline.

[0016] Furthermore, the heat exchange structure also includes heat storage material, which wraps around the heat exchange tubes; one end of the defrost pipe is connected to the compressor, the other end of the defrost pipe is connected to the heat exchange tubes, and the defrost pipe is connected to the main pipe so that the coolant in the heat exchange tubes can reach the finned heat exchanger through the defrost pipe.

[0017] Furthermore, the heat exchange structure also includes a four-way valve, which is connected to the compressor and the main pipeline; the four-way valve controls the coolant flowing out of the compressor to enter the liquid storage pipeline or the defrost pipeline.

[0018] A water heater is provided, including a heat exchange structure, which is the heat exchange structure described above.

[0019] Beneficial effects:

[0020] By adopting an optimized heat exchange structure for the refrigerant in heat pump water heaters, higher performance and greater reliability can be achieved in units with the same configuration. This also addresses the issue of excessively high exhaust temperatures. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the heat exchange structure used in the embodiment of the present invention when it is in the heating state;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the heat exchange structure used in the embodiment of the present invention when it is in the defrosting state;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the liquid storage device with the heat exchange structure used in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the heat exchange structure of the liquid storage device using the heat exchange structure in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] The above figures include the following reference numerals:

[0026] 200. Main pipeline; 100. Heat exchanger components; 7. Plate heat exchanger; 3. Finned heat exchanger; 30. Liquid storage pipeline; 40. First return pipeline; 50. Liquid delivery pipeline; 60. Second return pipeline; 70. Defrosting pipeline;

[0027] 1. Compressor; 2. Four-way valve; 4. Electronic expansion valve; 5. Main circuit check valve; 6. Second pressure sensor; 24. Ambient temperature sensor; 81. First throttling pipe; 82. Second throttling pipe; 8. Gas-liquid separator; 9. Liquid storage device; 90. Liquid storage chamber; 91. Heat dissipation outlet; 92. Second liquid outlet; 93. Second liquid inlet; 94. Heat dissipation inlet; 95. Heat storage material; 96. Heat exchange tube; 98. First liquid inlet; 99. First liquid outlet; 901. First heat dissipation pipe; 902. Second heat dissipation pipe; 10. Heat exchange check valve; 11. Heating check valve; 12. Three-way valve; 13. Deep throttling element; 14. First solenoid valve; 15. Check valve; 16. Second solenoid valve; 17. Shallow throttling element; 18. Defrost check valve; 19. Liquid storage valve; 22. Return valve; 23. First pressure sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0029] According to an embodiment of the present invention, see Figures 1 to 4 A heat exchange structure is provided, comprising: a compressor 1 for supplying refrigerant; a main pipeline 200, one end of which is connected to the compressor 1 and the other end of which is connected to a heat exchanger component 100 for heat exchange of the refrigerant in the main pipeline 200 through the heat exchanger component 100; a liquid storage device 9 having a liquid storage chamber 90; a liquid storage pipeline 30, one end of which is connected to the main pipeline 200 and the other end of which is connected to the liquid storage chamber 90 for introducing the refrigerant in the main pipeline 200 into the liquid storage pipeline 30; and a liquid storage valve 19 provided on the liquid storage pipeline 30 for controlling the opening and closing of the liquid storage pipeline 30.

[0030] Specifically, when the ambient temperature is constant, as the water temperature rises, both the condensing and evaporating temperatures of the unit increase. This reduces the refrigerant's specific volume and increases its mass flow rate. While this can increase heat exchange to some extent, excessively high condensing temperatures negatively impact heating performance. Excessive refrigerant accumulates in the condenser, further reducing heat exchange efficiency. Therefore, when heating at high water temperatures, excessive refrigerant is more detrimental than beneficial. By employing the above-mentioned design, when the refrigerant supply is too high, a portion of the refrigerant is stored in the liquid storage device 9, reducing the amount of refrigerant in the main pipeline 200. This prevents excessive refrigerant from affecting heating and solves the technical problem of excessive refrigerant affecting the heating effect of the water heater.

[0031] In the heat exchange structure of this embodiment, the liquid storage device 9 is provided with: a first liquid inlet 98, which communicates with the liquid storage chamber 90; a first liquid outlet 99, which communicates with the liquid storage chamber 90, and a first return liquid pipeline 40, which connects to the main pipeline 200, and a return liquid valve 22 for controlling the opening and closing of the first return liquid pipeline 40; and a first pressure sensor 23, which is installed on the main pipeline 200 and is signal-connected to the return liquid valve 22. Thus, when needed, the coolant in the liquid storage device 9 can be returned to the main pipeline 200, and the first pressure sensor 23 can determine whether to open the first return liquid pipeline 40 based on the pressure in the pipeline, thereby facilitating the control of the coolant dosage.

[0032] In the heat exchange structure of this embodiment, the first liquid inlet 98 and the first liquid outlet 99 are connected to the bottom of the liquid storage chamber 90 at intervals. The liquid storage device 9 also includes a second liquid inlet 93 and a second liquid outlet 92 that are connected to the top of the liquid storage chamber 90 at intervals. The heat exchange structure also includes a liquid delivery pipeline 50, one end of which is connected to the main pipeline 200, and the other end of which is connected to the first liquid inlet 98. A second return liquid pipeline 60 connected to the main pipeline 200 is provided on the second liquid outlet 92. In this way, by utilizing the structure of the liquid storage device 9 and setting up the liquid delivery pipeline 50 to store refrigerant, the control efficiency of the heat exchange structure is improved.

[0033] See Figure 3 , Figure 4In this embodiment, the heat exchange structure includes a heat exchange system within the liquid storage device 9. This system comprises: a first heat dissipation pipe 901 extending along a spiral line; a second liquid inlet 93 located at one end of the first heat dissipation pipe 901; and a second liquid outlet 92 located at the other end of the first heat dissipation pipe 901; a second heat dissipation pipe 902 extending along a spiral line and fitting snugly against the first heat dissipation pipe 901; one end of the second heat dissipation pipe 902 having a heat dissipation inlet 94 for introducing cryogenic coolant; and the other end having a heat dissipation outlet 91 for discharging cryogenic coolant. Thus, the upper part of the liquid storage device 9 has a spiral plate-type heat exchange structure, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency of the liquid storage device 9.

[0034] Referring to 1, in the heat exchange structure of this embodiment, the liquid storage device 9 further includes a heat exchange tube 96, which surrounds the liquid storage chamber 90. One end of the heat exchange tube 96 is connected to the liquid delivery pipeline 50, and the other end of the heat exchange tube 96 is provided with a defrosting pipeline 70 connected to the main pipeline 200. In this way, the heat in the coolant can be stored for defrosting.

[0035] In the heat exchange structure of this embodiment, the heat exchange structure further includes: a three-way valve 12, the first port of the three-way valve 12 being connected to the infusion pipeline 50; a first infusion pipeline, one end of the first infusion pipeline being connected to the second port of the three-way valve 12, and the other end of the first infusion pipeline being connected to the second inlet 93; and a second infusion pipeline, one end of the second infusion pipeline being connected to the third port of the three-way valve 12, and the other end of the first infusion pipeline being connected to the heat exchange tube 96.

[0036] See Figure 1 In the heat exchange structure of this embodiment, the heat exchange structure further includes: a first throttling pipe 81, on which a deep throttling element 13 and a first solenoid valve 14 are provided. The deep throttling element 13 is used to throttle the coolant in the first throttling pipe 81, and the first solenoid valve 14 is used to control the opening and closing of the first throttling pipe 81. One end of the first throttling pipe 81 is connected to the main pipe 200, and the other end of the first throttling pipe 81 is connected to the first interface. A second throttling pipe 82 is connected in parallel with the first throttling pipe 82. A shallow throttling element 17 and a second solenoid valve 16 are provided on the second throttling pipe 82. The shallow throttling element 17 is used to throttle the coolant in the second throttling pipe 82, and the second solenoid valve 16 is used to control the opening and closing of the second throttling pipe 82. The length of the pipe of the deep throttling element 13 is greater than the length of the pipe of the shallow throttling element 17.

[0037] By adopting the above configuration, the stored coolant is throttled and divided into two streams, thereby increasing the storage efficiency of the structure.

[0038] join Figure 1 In the heat exchange structure of this embodiment, the heat exchanger component 100 includes a plate heat exchanger 7 and a finned heat exchanger 3. The liquid storage device 9 is located downstream of the plate heat exchanger 7, and the finned heat exchanger 3 is located downstream of the liquid storage device 9. A second pressure sensor 6 is provided between the liquid storage device 9 and the plate heat exchanger 7. The second pressure sensor 6 is connected to the liquid storage valve 19 to control the opening and closing of the liquid storage pipeline 30 according to the pressure of the coolant in the main pipeline 200.

[0039] In the heat exchange structure of this embodiment, see Figure 3 The heat exchange structure also includes heat storage material 95, which wraps around the heat exchange tube 96. One end of the defrost pipe 70 is connected to the compressor 1, and the other end is connected to the heat exchange tube 96. The defrost pipe 70 is also connected to the main pipe 200, so that the refrigerant in the heat exchange tube 96 can reach the finned heat exchanger 3 through the defrost pipe 70. In this way, the heat in the refrigerant can be fully utilized, thereby making the defrosting effect of the heat exchange structure more obvious.

[0040] See Figure 2 In this embodiment, the heat exchange structure further includes a four-way valve 2, which is connected to the compressor 1 and the main pipeline 200. The four-way valve 2 controls the flow of coolant from the compressor 1 into the liquid storage pipeline 30 or the defrost pipeline 70. By setting the four-way valve 2 to control the flow direction of the coolant, the heat exchange structure has both heating and defrosting states, thereby increasing the functionality of the heat exchange structure.

[0041] The water heater of this embodiment includes a heat exchange structure, which is the heat exchange structure described above.

[0042] The heat exchange structure of this embodiment is described as follows:

[0043] When the heat pump water heater is heating, the refrigerant in the main circulation loop is discharged from the compressor 1 and enters the four-way valve 2. The four-way valve 2 switches to the heating state, and then enters the plate heat exchanger 7. After exchanging heat with the water, the refrigerant passes through the electronic expansion valve 4 and then enters the finned heat exchanger 3 for heat exchange. After passing through the four-way valve 2 again, it flows into the gas-liquid separator 8 and returns to the compressor 1. Simultaneously, a second pressure sensor 6 is installed between the plate heat exchanger 7 and the electronic expansion valve 4. When the outlet of the plate heat exchanger 7 reaches a certain pressure value, the corresponding actuator opens the liquid storage valve 19 (the liquid storage valve 19 and the return valve 22 do not open simultaneously). At this time, the refrigerant flows into the liquid storage chamber 90 of the refrigerant storage device 9. In the refrigerant storage device 9, part of the refrigerant is heated by the heat storage material 95, and the remainder exchanges heat with the low-temperature refrigerant entering the device through the heat dissipation inlet 94. The refrigerant in the device eventually becomes liquid. This is done because excessive refrigerant charge at high water temperatures will affect the heat exchange effect. When the ambient temperature is constant, as the water temperature rises, both the condensing and evaporating temperatures of the unit will increase. This reduces the specific volume of the refrigerant intake and increases the refrigerant mass flow rate. Although this can increase heat exchange to some extent, excessively high condensing temperatures will affect the heating effect. Too much refrigerant will accumulate in the condenser, further reducing the heat exchange effect. Therefore, when heating at high water temperatures, too much refrigerant does more harm than good.

[0044] The low-temperature refrigerant enters the device through the second liquid inlet 93. The refrigerant from the plate heat exchanger 7 passes through the one-way valve 15 and then through the deep throttling element 13 or the shallow throttling element 17 (the temperature sensed by the ambient temperature sensor 24 is the signal; when the temperature is greater than a certain value, the corresponding actuator will open the first solenoid valve 14 and close the second solenoid valve 16, i.e., it passes through the deep throttling element 13; conversely, it will close the first solenoid valve 14 and open the second solenoid valve 16, and the refrigerant will pass through the shallow throttling element 17). Then it passes through the three-way valve 12 (controlled by the unit mode; in heating mode, it connects the liquid storage pipeline 30; in defrost mode, it connects the defrost pipeline 70; in cooling mode, it does not connect). Then it flows into the refrigerant liquid storage device 9 through the heating one-way valve 11 and the second liquid inlet 93 for heat exchange. After heat exchange, the refrigerant flows into the outlet of the finned heat exchanger 3 through the heat exchange one-way valve 10, increasing the suction pressure, and then continues to circulate in the main circuit. Since the refrigerant passes through the throttling element, the refrigerant flowing into the main circuit has little impact on the suction temperature.

[0045] When the unit is cooling or defrosting, the refrigerant in the main circulation loop is discharged from the compressor and enters the four-way valve 2. The four-way valve 2 is switched to the cooling state, and then enters the finned heat exchanger 3. After exchanging heat with the air, the refrigerant passes through the electronic expansion valve 4 for throttling and then enters the plate heat exchanger 7 for heat exchange. After passing through the four-way valve 2 again, it flows into the gas-liquid separator 8 and returns to the compressor 1. During defrosting, the refrigerant passes through the electronic expansion valve 4, then through the one-way valve 15, and then through the deep throttling element 13 or the shallow throttling element 17 (the temperature sensed by the ambient temperature sensor 24 is the signal; when the temperature is greater than a certain value, the corresponding actuator will open the first solenoid valve 14 and close the second solenoid valve 16, i.e., passing through the deep throttling element 13, and vice versa). Then it passes through the three-way valve 12 (controlled by the unit mode; in heating mode, the liquid storage pipeline 30 is connected, in defrosting mode, the defrosting pipeline 70 is connected, and in cooling mode, it is not connected), and then through the defrosting one-way valve 18, entering the refrigerant liquid storage device 9. The copper pipe buried in the heat storage material 95 carries away the heat from the heat storage material 95, and then flows through the main one-way valve 5 into the outlet of the electronic expansion valve 4. This can increase the evaporation temperature, which in turn increases the heat exchange of the finned heat exchanger 3, thus accelerating the defrosting process.

[0046] In addition, during cooling or defrosting, a first pressure sensor 23 is installed after the plate heat exchanger 7. When the pressure in the pipeline reaches a certain value, the corresponding actuator will open the return valve 22. Since the pressure in the main pipeline is relatively low, the refrigerant in the refrigerant storage device 9 will flow into the main pipeline through the first liquid outlet 99.

[0047] The refrigerant storage device 9 mentioned above has an upper part that is a spiral plate heat exchange structure. It is provided with a second refrigerant inlet 93 that flows through deep and shallow throttling elements, a corresponding second refrigerant outlet 92, a refrigerant storage heat dissipation inlet 94, and a heat dissipation outlet 91. Heat exchange tubes 96 are wound around the periphery of the device and filled with heat storage material 95.

[0048] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0049] Optionally, specific examples in this embodiment can refer to the examples described in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0050] The sequence numbers of the embodiments in this application are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.

[0051] In the above embodiments of this application, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0052] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of this application. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of this application, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A heat exchange structure, characterized in that, include: Compressor (1), used to supply refrigerant; Main pipeline (200), one end of which is connected to the compressor (1), and the other end of which is connected to a heat exchanger component (100) to exchange heat with the refrigerant in the main pipeline (200) through the heat exchanger component (100); Liquid storage device (9), the liquid storage device (9) having a liquid storage chamber (90); A liquid storage pipeline (30) is provided, one end of which is connected to the main pipeline (200) and the other end of which is connected to the liquid storage chamber (90) to allow refrigerant in the main pipeline (200) to be introduced into the liquid storage pipeline (30); a liquid storage valve (19) is provided on the liquid storage pipeline (30) to control the opening and closing of the liquid storage pipeline (30). The liquid storage device (9) is provided with a heat exchange structure, which further includes: a first heat dissipation pipe (901) extending along a spiral line; a second heat dissipation pipe (902) extending along a spiral line; both ends of the first heat dissipation pipe (901) are respectively connected to a refrigerant pipe outside the liquid storage cavity (90), one end of the second heat dissipation pipe (902) has a heat dissipation inlet (94) for introducing low-temperature coolant, and the other end of the second heat dissipation pipe (902) has a heat dissipation outlet for leading out the low-temperature coolant. The heat outlet (91) is provided; the liquid storage device (9) also includes a heat exchange tube (96) which surrounds the liquid storage chamber (90); the heat exchange structure also includes a heat storage material (95) which wraps the heat exchange tube (96); the heat exchange structure also includes a delivery pipeline (50) which is connected at one end to the main pipeline (200) and at the other end to the first inlet (98); and a second return pipeline (60) which is connected to the main pipeline (200) is provided on the second outlet (92). The second liquid inlet (93) is located at one end of the first heat dissipation pipe (901), and the second liquid outlet (92) is located at the other end of the first heat dissipation pipe (901). The second heat dissipation pipe (902) is attached to the first heat dissipation pipe (901); Three-way valve (12), the first port of which is connected to the infusion line (50); The first infusion line has one end connected to the second port of the three-way valve (12) and the other end connected to the second inlet (93). The second infusion line has one end connected to the third port of the three-way valve (12) and the other end connected to the heat exchange tube (96). One end of the heat exchange tube (96) is connected to the infusion pipeline (50), and the other end of the heat exchange tube (96) is provided with a defrosting pipeline (70) connected to the main pipeline (200).

2. The heat exchange structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid storage device (9) is equipped with: The first liquid inlet (98) is connected to the liquid storage chamber (90); The first liquid outlet (99) is connected to the liquid storage chamber (90). A first liquid return pipeline (40) is provided on the first liquid outlet (99). The first liquid return pipeline (40) is connected to the main pipeline (200). A liquid return valve (22) for controlling the opening and closing of the first liquid return pipeline (40) is provided on the first liquid return pipeline (40). A first pressure sensor (23) is installed on the main pipeline (200), and the first pressure sensor (23) is signal connected to the return valve (22).

3. The heat exchange structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first liquid inlet (98) and the first liquid outlet (99) are connected to the bottom of the liquid storage cavity (90) at intervals. The liquid storage device (9) also includes a second liquid inlet (93) and a second liquid outlet (92) that are connected to the top of the liquid storage cavity (90) at intervals.

4. The heat exchange structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The heat exchange structure also includes: The first throttling pipe (81) is provided with a deep throttling element (13) and a first solenoid valve (14). The deep throttling element (13) is used to throttle the coolant in the first throttling pipe (81), and the first solenoid valve (14) is used to control the opening and closing of the first throttling pipe (81). One end of the first throttling pipe (81) is connected to the main pipe (200), and the other end of the first throttling pipe (81) is connected to the first interface. The second throttling pipe (82) is connected in parallel with the second throttling pipe (82); the second throttling pipe (82) is provided with a shallow throttling element (17) and a second solenoid valve (16), the shallow throttling element (17) is used to throttle the coolant in the second throttling pipe (82), and the second solenoid valve (16) is used to control the opening and closing of the second throttling pipe (82); The length of the pipe of the deep throttling element (13) is greater than the length of the pipe of the shallow throttling element (17).

5. The heat exchange structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The heat exchanger component (100) includes a plate heat exchanger (7) and a finned heat exchanger (3). The liquid storage device (9) is located downstream of the plate heat exchanger (7) and the finned heat exchanger (3) is located downstream of the liquid storage device (9). A second pressure sensor (6) is provided between the liquid storage device (9) and the plate heat exchanger (7). The second pressure sensor (6) is connected to the liquid storage valve (19) to control the opening and closing of the liquid storage pipeline (30) according to the pressure of the coolant in the main pipeline (200).

6. The heat exchange structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, One end of the defrosting pipe (70) is connected to the compressor (1), and the other end of the defrosting pipe (70) is connected to the heat exchange tube (96). The defrosting pipe (70) is connected to the main pipe (200) so that the coolant in the heat exchange tube (96) can reach the finned heat exchanger (3) through the defrosting pipe (70).

7. The heat exchange structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The heat exchange structure also includes a four-way valve (2), which is connected to the compressor (1) and the main pipeline (200) to control the coolant flowing out of the compressor (1) to enter the liquid storage pipeline (30) or the defrost pipeline (70).

8. A water heater, comprising a heat exchange structure, characterized in that, The heat exchange structure is the heat exchange structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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