1156 results about "Boiler furnace" patented technology

The invention relates to a method for combined removal of nitric oxide and sulfide in flue gas. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: spraying gasified ammonia into a furnace of a reaction boiler; reducing NOX in the flue gas to N2 by using a selective non-catalytic reduction method; sending the flue gas into a desulfurization tower; absorbing the SO2 in the flue gas by ammonia water added into the desulfurization tower; and discharging purified gas through a chimney. The invention also relates to a device for combined removal of nitrogen oxide and sulfide in flue gas. The device includes: (A) a combustion boiler used for the combustion of coal and provided with more than one ammonia injection points in the boiler furnace; (B) the desulfurization tower; and (C) an emptying device.

A method of cleaning a heat transfer element within a boiler furnace is provided. The method includes the steps of allowing a furnace to operate and deposit ash on a heat transfer element, determining an efficiency rate for at least one cleaning element, and managing the cleaning element based on the efficiency rate.

A new and unique boiler and method of transition between air and Oxy-combustion in a coal fired combustion process wherein near pure oxygen may be introduced to the boiler furnace in several locations including directly into the flame through the burner and/or directly into the furnace as nearly pure oxygen, and/or into the recycle flue gas streams to the burners, including both primary and secondary streams.

The invention discloses a feedforward signal control method in a boiler steam temperature automatic control system, which is used for improving quality of boiler steam temperature control. The technical scheme comprises the following steps of: measuring boiler furnace pressure, boiler steam pocket pressure (or steam-water separator pressure), boiler overheater outlet steam pressure, and boiler reheater outlet steam pressure; and calculating by utilizing the signals to form a combustion disturbing signal, an overheat steam flow disturbing signal, a reheat steam flow disturbing signal, an overheat steam temperature control system feedforward signal and a reheat steam temperature control system feedforward signal in turn. The method can effectively improve the quality of boiler steam temperature control, reduces steam temperature fluctuation caused by combustion disturbance and steam flow disturbance, does not need any additional hardware equipment, only needs increasing a little of software control logic, has low cost and cannot reduce the system reliability.

The present invention relates to a method capable of reducing nitrogen oxide discharge for coal powder boiler and boiler using said method. Said invention is characterized by that said boiler is composed of boiler furnace cavity, horizontal flue and tail flue, and the furnace cavity interior is divided into main combustion zone, reduction zone and burning zone. The method for reducing discharge adopts the coal powder boiler with main combustion zone, reduction zone, burning zone, near combustor zone, horizontal flue and tail flue, makes the amino reducing agent be sprayed into reduction zone, burning zone and horizontal flue and make the hydrocarbyl reducing agent be sprayed into main combustion zone and reduction zone or main combustion zone, reduction zone and horizontal flue. Said method can effectively reduce NOx discharge by 60%-80%.

A firetube boiler furnace having two combustion sections and an in-line intermediate tubular heat transfer section between the two combustion sections and integral to the pressure vessel. This design provides a staged oxidant combustion apparatus with separate in-line combustion chambers for fuel-rich primary combustion and fuel-lean secondary combustion and sufficient cooling of the combustion products from the primary combustion such that when the secondary combustion oxidant is added in the secondary combustion stage, the NO_x formation is less than 5 ppmv at 3% O₂.

There are provided an inspection device and an inspection method for boiler furnace water wall tubes, which can inspect reduced wall thickness conditions of multiple water wall tubes, extending in an up-down direction along inner wall surfaces of a boiler furnace and arranged adjacent to each other, accurately and efficiently over a wide range based on surface shapes of the water wall tubes measured by a laser displacement sensor. A scanner 14 including columns 20 placed upright and fixed by magnets onto the surfaces of multiple water wall tubes 4 extending the up-down direction on the inner wall surfaces of the boiler furnace, a support frame 28 fixed to the columns 20 to support a displacement sensor 12 producing laser light to be irradiated onto the surface of a water wall tube 4, and a moving mechanism 31 for moving the displacement sensor 12 in the axial direction of the water wall tube 4 relative to the support frame 28. A signal processing unit 16 is also provided for calculating the amount of reduced wall thickness of the water wall tube 4 from a difference between the cross-sectional surface shape of the water wall tube 4 based on a signal from the displacement sensor 12 and a reference shape without reduction in wall thickness in order to evaluate a reduced wall thickness condition.

An enhanced steam cycle utilizing a dual pressure recovery boiler with reheat allows a large increase in electrical generation with various turbine cycles while overcoming traditional lower furnace material limitations. A dual pressure designed recovery boiler furnace is provided with a lower furnace and an upper furnace. The lower furnace is operated at a lower temperature to prevent or reduce corrosion of the lower furnace wall tubes caused by the reducing environment. The lower furnace can be either a low pressure natural circulation steam generating (drum) system or economizer. Unlike the lower furnace, the upper furnace is not exposed to a reducing environment and is therefore not as susceptible to severe corrosion rates. The upper furnace is operated at higher temperatures and pressures which permit implementation of higher efficiency reheat steam cycles. The upper furnace thus operates as a high pressure natural circulation steam generating (drum) system, or as a once-through supercritical steam generating system. The dual pressure recovery boiler can thus be coupled to a variety of condensing, non-condensing or a combination of condensing and non-condensing turbine cycles to provide a large increase in electrical generation.

The sonic soot blower includes a sonic wave oscillator that oscillates sonic waves by compressed air or steam, a frequency-regulating portion that varies the frequencies of the sonic waves oscillated by the above-described sonic wave oscillator, a resonance tube that resonates the oscillated sonic waves, and a horn that amplifies the same, wherein powdery dust adhered to members installed inside a boiler furnace, etc., are removed, and are prevented from adhering to the above-described members. The above-described frequency-regulating portion is a gas mixer which is connected to the upstream side of the sonic wave oscillator and is provided with two or more gas conducting flow channels for conducting a compressive gas whose temperatures and/or densities are different from each other, or a slide mechanism that varies the length of the above-described resonance tube. Since the sonic soot blower is able to oscillate sonic waves while regulating the oscillation frequency so as to be suited to the operating conditions of the boiler, it becomes possible to effectively remove ash from the heat transmission tubes and to effectively prevent the same from adhering thereto over a wide range of operating conditions of soot blower-installed equipment (such as a boiler).

The invention belongs to the technical field of controlling atmospheric pollutants exhausted by coal-fired boilers, and particularly relates to an SNCR-SCR combined denitration system and method based on ammonia nitrogen molar ratio detection and regulation. The system comprises an ammonia-containing storage tank, an air preheater, an SNCR reaction zone, an SCR reaction zone, a first detection system, a second detection system, a third detection system and a control system, wherein the SNCR reaction zone is arranged in a boiler furnace, the SCR reaction zone is arranged in a boiler flue, and the first detection system, the second detection system and the third detection system are connected with the control system. The combined denitration system can achieve full-load denitration operation, is high in denitration efficiency and solves the problem of corrosion and deposition of ammonium bisulfate in follow-up equipment.

An apparatus of measuring power station boiler furnace gas temperature and a measuring method thereof, which belong to the thermal power technology field, are disclosed. The apparatus comprises: a high temperature resistant ceramic sampling tube, a water-cooled pipe heat exchanger, an air inducing apparatus, temperature, pressure and flow measuring components, a digital to analog converter, and a data processing computer. The high temperature resistant ceramic sampling tube forms a sealing connection with a water-cooled pipe heat exchanger a screw mouth. A cooling water honeycomb duct forms a sealing connection with the pipe heat exchanger. The air inducing apparatus is arranged in the position of a pipe heat exchanger gas exit and is used as a power supply for gas flow. The temperature measuring component, the pressure measuring component and the flow measuring component are respectively arranged in the positions of exits and entrances of a gas pipe and the cooling water duct of the water-cooled pipe heat exchanger, and acquisition data is output to a control module to be recorded. In the invention, based on a water-cooled pipe heat exchanger principle, heat exchange between a little constant volume gas in a furnace and the cooling water is used and a real time temperature of the gas in the furnace can be obtained by inversely analyzing cooling water heat variation and the heat of the tail gas.

The invention belongs to the technical field of high-power industrial gas combustors and relates to a low-NOx combustor with internal reflux of flue gas and homogeneous combustion. The combustor is characterized in that a plurality of radial holes are arranged at the upper end of a middle gas gun; gas gun heads are uniformly and axially distributed on the periphery outside a flame plate; gas holes are arranged at the sides of the gas gun heads and have height different from the height of the radial holes at the upper end of the middle gas gun; the wedge-shaped bevels of the ends of the gas gun heads form included angles beta with the combustor in the axial direction and the directions of the gas gun heads form included angles alpha with the radius of the combustor; and the gas gun heads are uniformly arranged in 2-4 groups according to different values of beta and alpha. The combustor in the invention has the following effects: the gases do not overlap after being jetted from the gun heads and are separately and alternately jetted to the boiler furnace; the combustion air and the gases permeate each other layer by layer and are uniformly and rapidly mixed and combusted in the boiler furnace; and the flame at the root is reduced on the premise of ensuring stable flame so that local high temperature is avoided, thus ensuring the generated NOx to be less than 40ppm.

The present invention provides a circulating fluidized bed boiler furnace having heated screen, the heated screen is set between the furnace grid plate and the ceiling which height is identical to the furnace, the heated screen is made of membrane panel, membrane panel pipe has working substance un-down, the upper of the heated screen is vertical, the lower has space connected the front and the back screen formed by pipe; the heated screen is one or more plates. The circulating fluidized bed boiler furnace having heated screen gives space to the material cycle when the furnace provides extending heated surface, ensuring the uniformity of the material concentration, temperature and heat transfer; secondary air inlets in the center of the furnace, fullu burning, and has lower NOx drainage.

The invention relates to a blast furnace gas boiler furnace-entering gas thermal value and boiler heat efficiency on-line monitoring method, which comprises the following steps of collecting online operation data of a machine set in real time, wherein the online operation data includes smoke gas oxygen content, smoke gas CO content, exhausted smoke temperature, furnace-entering blast furnace gas flow rate, boiler evaporation quantity, environment temperature; solving the input data of effective utilization heat of a boiler; preprocessing the obtained original data to obtain effective data; obtaining the furnace-entering gas thermal value and the boiler heat efficiency of a blast furnace gas boiler according to the obtained effective data. The lower calorific value of blast furnace gas canbe recognized on line and is used for online monitoring of the boiler thermal efficiency; reliable basis can be provided for boiler performance analysis and combustion regulation; important practicalsignificance is realized; the blast furnace gas thermal value and the boiler thermal efficiency are obtained completely through online calculation on boiler operation parameters; off-line data collection and any manual parameter input are not needed; the operation can be realized completely through the online data collection of the machine set; good implementation performance is realized.

The invention discloses CCD-based intelligent soot blowing system for formed soot and bonded slag on a boiler heating surface. The system comprises an image acquiring system, an image processing system, a soot blowing controlling system and a soot blowing executing system; the image acquiring system is arranged on a boiler wall and used for acquiring two-dimensional images and transmitting and storing the images to a computer through a receiving and storing device; the image processing system is used for conducting three-dimensional reconstruction and colorimetric temperature measurement on the two-dimensional images to obtain the thickness of a soot slag layer and the relative temperature of the heating surface; the soot blowing controlling system is used for conducting fuzzy processing on the thickness of the soot slag layer and the relative temperature of the heating surface and sending out an instruction; the soot blowing executing system conducts targeted intelligent soot blowing according to the instruction. According to the system, the heating surface is partitioned according to a soot blower, the thickness of the soot slag layer and the relative temperature of the heating surface are taken as input variables of fuzzy control, and therefore the whole boiler heating surface is accurately monitored; soot blowing is conducted on the local heating surface as needed, therefore, soot blowing loss is reduced, and the overall heat efficiency of a boiler is improved.

The invention discloses an efficient segmentation control combustion method and system for a biomass boiler with a charcoal combustion cell, and belongs to the technical field of the fire grate combustion of a biomass direct-combustion power generation boiler. A water cooling vibration fire grate is arranged on the bottom of a hearth; a smoke and air mixing box and a plurality of primary air bellows are arranged below the water cooling vibration fire grate; the charcoal combustion cell is arranged below the front end of the water cooling vibration fire grate; the bottom of the charcoal combustion cell is provided with a fixed fire grate; and the front end of the charcoal combustion cell is provided with a slag well. The external moisture of biomass fuel is removed in the drying area of the water cooling vibration fire grate; then, the biomass fuel is moved to the pyrolysis combustion area of the fire grate to generate a great quantity of volatile component to enter the hearth; when the volatile component of the biomass fuel is almost burnt, residual fixed carbon covered by ash is vibrated into the charcoal combustion cell; in the falling process, the residual fixed carbon covered by ash is overturned and collided to remove surface ash; oxygen is directly diffused to the surface of the charcoal to react with the charcoal; and the ash slag is blown into the slag well. According to the invention, the biomass fuels of different types and moistures can be subjected to efficient segmentation control combustion on the fire grate of the boiler.

The invention relates to a low-nitric-oxide direct-current pulverized coal combustor adaptive to a meager coal boiler, which can achieve stable and economical combustion, and also reduces nitric oxide emission to the lowest level, so that the low-nitrogen combustion modifying technique of the meager coal boiler is improved. The low-nitric-oxide direct-current pulverized coal combustor adaptive to the meager coal boiler comprises main combustor groups which are arranged on four corners of a hearth of the meager coal boiler in a four-angle tangential circle combustion mode, are matched with a water-cooling wall high-temperature-prevention corrosion system of the hearth, and are identical in structure; each main combustor group comprises pulverized coal combustors arranged at intervals and secondary air spray ports; the upper parts of the main combustor groups are provided with corresponding separation burnout air groups; a layer of precombustion chamber back flow combustor is arranged in each n-layer of pulverized coal combustors; the jet flow rotation direction of the main combustor groups is the anticlockwise direction; the rotation direction of secondary air ports close to the upper parts of the precombustion chamber back flow combustors is the clockwise direction, and the imaginary tangential circle diameter is greater than the imaginary tangential circle diameter of the main combustors; separation burnout air groups include upper groups and lower groups; and the jet flow of the lower groups is in an imaginary tangential circle mode, and the jet flow of the upper groups is in an opposed combustion mode.

An oxygen transport reactor for boiler furnaces and gas turbine combustors that utilizes a liquid fuel that is oxidized as a gaseous fuel in a membrane reactor. A liquid fuel is introduced by vaporizing the fuel inside a porous pipe surrounded by an annulus reaction zone which is surrounded by an annulus air zone. An oxygen transport membrane separates the annulus reaction zone containing the porous vaporized fuel and sweeping CO₂ from the air feed side zone. Oxygen is transported from the outer annulus through the membrane to the annulus reaction zone containing the vaporized fuel and sweeping CO₂. Fuel is first cracked to very small droplets in the intake fuel atomizer utilizing part of the intake CO₂ then completely vaporized inside the porous pipe utilizing the heat coming from the surrounding reaction zone. The oxygen transport reactor is applicable for carbon free boiler furnaces and gas turbine combustors which utilize oxygen transport reactors for combined oxygen separation and combustion.

The invention discloses a soot-blowing control device for a boiler furnace based on heat flow online measurement, which comprises a heat flow sensor, a multiplexer, a data collector and an industrial personal computer, wherein the heat flow sensor is arranged on a film-type water wall fin at the periphery of the boiler furnace and connected to the input end of the multiplexer and used for transmitting collected heat flow to the multiplexer; the multiplexer is sequentially connected with the data collector and the industrial personal computer and used for multi-channel switching, signal amplifying and filtering; the data collector is used for converting a heat flow analog signal to a digital signal; and the industrial personal computer is used for analyzing the digital signal transmitted from the multiplexer and sending a soot-blowing signal. The invention can be used for various coal-fired power plants; and according to fouling conditions of heating surfaces in each region of the boiler furnace, realizes the sweeping in a demand quantity for the required region, improves the accuracy and the real time of fouling diagnosis for the heating surfaces of the boiler furnace, reduces the boiler failure, prolongs the lifetime of a soot-blower, saves the maintenance workload of the soot-blower, and the like.

The invention discloses a supercritical carbon dioxide brayton cycle system belonging to the field of power station energy conservation. The supercritical carbon dioxide brayton cycle system mainly comprises a boiler furnace heating face, a boiler tail heating face, an air preheater, a boiler tail flue, a cycle working medium bypass pipeline, a high temperature regenerator, a medium temperature regenerator, a low temperature regenerator, a working medium turbine, a high-temperature gas compressor, an intercooling gas compressor and a cooler. The boiler furnace heating face is rearranged, a high-temperature regenerator bypass is arranged, thus the requirement of newly designed supercritical carbon dioxide cycle heat exchange is matched, cycle efficiency is improved, the utilization performance of low temperature smoke is improved, and heat absorption capacity distribution of the air preheater is improved and is optimized to be the same as the designed heat exchange capacity, corresponding to the air preheater, in coal steam cycle basically. Intercooling compression technology is adopted, cycle efficiency is improved, and the heat exchange interval of the cooler is optimized, thereby being matched with a water cooling system. In addition, the supercritical carbon dioxide brayton cycle system is simple in structure and high in operating efficiency and has good application prospects in engineering.

The invention discloses a balance control method for the temperature field of a utility boiler furnace. The balance control method comprises the following steps: (1) building a furnace section reference coordinate system; (2) respectively arranging temperature measurement devices in the cross direction and the longitudinal direction of the furnace section; (3) acquiring the temperature values of all measurement paths; (4) making a fitted curve between the temperature and the coordinates of the furnace section measurement paths; (5) meshing the furnace section; (6) building a two-dimensional temperature field of the furnace section; (7) calculating the center coordinates of the two-dimensional temperature field of the furnace section; (8) adopting a PID (Proportion Integration Differentiation) controller to achieve control correction calculation of the furnace temperature field; (9) calculating the control corrections of the opening degrees of four corner jet fuel air doors of the boiler; (10) implementing the temperature field balance control method in a DCS (Decentralized Control System). The balance control method has the advantages that pulverized coal is sufficiently burnt out during boiler combustion, the flame center is in the center of the furnace, the temperature field of the furnace is uniformly distributed and the combustion efficiency and stability of the furnace are improved.

The invention relates to a pneumatic dust cleaning device for cleaning accumulated dust in a coal-fired boiler furnace arch and a horizontal flue. The accumulated dust piling friction is overcome and a dust accumulation layer is in the fluidization state by utilizing pneumatic (steam-driving), moving beds and fluidization theory, and ultimately the accumulated dust flows back to a hearth or is raised by the fume to be discharged through a cold dust funnel and a tail part flue, thereby achieving the dust cleaning effect. The dust cleaning device consists of components of dust blowing tubes, dust blowing nozzles (hoods), a wearing plate, dust blowing medium conveying pipelines, adjusting valves, a temperature measuring device, a control system and the like, wherein the dust blowing tubes are clung to a wall-surrounding tube film and arranged regionally, then flexible control in dust blowing in different areas is realized; and the distances and the relative angles of the dust blowing nozzles and wall-surrounding tubes can be selected according to demands. By utilizing the pneumatic dust cleaning device, the accumulated dust in the coal-fired boiler furnace arch and the horizontal flue can be effectively eliminated, a heated surface is kept clean, the efficiency of the boiler is improved, and the safety in operation of the boiler is ensured.

The invention discloses a micro oxygen rich combustion W flame boiler and a CO2 emission reduction system, which is characterized in that anthracite or low-volatile coal is introduced in the W flame boiler furnace for fully combusting, the formed flue gas is divided into two strands through a heat exchange zone and a gas-gas heat exchanger after cooling, one strand is taken as a recycling flue gas; air and oxygen are simultaneously heated in the gas-gas heat exchanger, the heated air is divided into three strands, oxygen is divided into two strands, a first strand of oxygen and a first strand of air are mixed and introduced in a furnace arch primary air pipeline, a second strand of oxygen and a second strand of air are mixed and introduced in a furnace arch secondary air pipeline, and a third air is introduced in a back and forth wall secondary air pipeline. The invention combines the micro oxygen rich combustion technology and the W flame boiler, the desulphurization, denitration and capture with lower cost can be realized, and zero discharge can be realized. The pure oxygen amount required by fuel combustion with unit mass under a micro oxygen rich combustion mode is obviously reduced by comparing with oxygen rich combustion, and energy consumption and cost of air separation oxygen preparation can be greatly reduced.

The invention discloses a real-time prediction system of a circulating fluidized bed household garbage burning boiler furnace outlet flue gas oxygen content and a method thereof. An integration modeling method of a support vector machine algorithm and a multi-population genetic particle swarm optimization algorithm is used. A rapid, economic and adaptive updating system and a method are constructed so as to predict a boiler furnace outlet flue gas oxygen content in real time, and tedious and complex mechanism modeling work is avoided. A nonlinear dynamical characteristic of a SVM algorithm, a generalization capability and a real-time prediction capability are used to represent a dynamical change characteristic of a flue gas oxygen content. A particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to optimize a SVM algorithm punishment parameter C and a nuclear parameter g so as to increase a generalization capability of a model. A genetic operator and a multi-population migration mechanism are introduced so as to accelerate a convergence speed of a particle swarm algorithm, increase a diversity of a particle swarm optimization algorithm solution, reduce a possibility for particle swarm algorithm optimization calculation to get into local optimum and increase a global search capability and a local search capability of the algorithm.