Full-automatic water seal type double-seal explosion-proof floor drain

Abstract

The name of the application is full-automatic water seal type double-sealing explosion-proof floor drain, belongs to the field of civil air defense engineering, aims to provide a water seal type floor drain which can be automatically and reliably closed under the action of shock wave and is not a bell-shaped structure, so that it can automatically prevent shock wave and toxic gas from entering the protection area in wartime, and its structure form meets the requirements of GB55020-2021 "General Code for Building Water Supply and Drainage and Water Saving". The components of the application include a drain body, a grate, an upper sealing cover, a connecting rod mechanism, a fixed connecting rod shaft, a lower sealing cover, a balance spring, a lock key, a V-shaped spring plate, an internally threaded column pin, a countersunk bolt and a T-shaped sealing ring. Compared with the existing explosion-proof floor drain, the application can be automatically closed and automatically locked under the action of shock wave, and can realize bidirectional reliable sealing under the condition of unidirectional stress; the drain body and the bowl-shaped lower sealing cover form a good water seal, and the water seal will not be damaged even if the upper sealing cover is removed, which can effectively prevent the entry of odor and toxic gas into the protection area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of civil defense engineering and relates to an explosion-proof floor drain, particularly a fully automatic water-sealed double-seal explosion-proof floor drain. Background Technology

[0002] Explosion-proof floor drains are floor drains designed to prevent shock waves and toxic agents from entering the interior of air-raid shelters during wartime. The current national standard atlas 07FS02, "Installation of Water Supply and Drainage Facilities in Air-Raid Shelters," page 47, describes the structure and working principle of explosion-proof floor drains. This product includes a handle, upper cover, drain body, screws, lower cover, sealing gasket, and pressure pad. The upper and lower covers are integrated and height-adjustable. Installed at the drainage point of civil defense projects, the drain is normally open to ensure normal drainage. In wartime, the drain cover is lowered and tightened counterclockwise to seal the drain outlet, preventing shock waves and toxic gases from entering the protected area. This product can only be manually sealed for explosion protection; its lower cover has a bell-shaped (inverted bowl) structure, forming a water seal with the drain outlet protruding into the bell-shaped structure.

[0003] The State Intellectual Property Office of China has published a patent authorization announcement (CN103774741B) for a bidirectional explosion-proof floor drain, comprising a body with an upper and lower opening, and a grate with water passage holes. The upper opening of the body has multiple radially recessed portions on its inner side, and the grate has multiple radially protruding portions on its outer edge. The body is equipped with a locking device that positions the protruding portions of the grate below the recessed portions of the body, thus sealing the floor drain. This invention replaces the water seal composed of the drain body's edge and the bell-shaped cover with a mechanical seal, allowing for manual locking and explosion-proof sealing during wartime.

[0004] The State Intellectual Property Office of China has published a patent authorization announcement (CN105297874B) for a bidirectional self-closing explosion-proof floor drain, comprising a floor drain panel handle, a floor drain panel latch, a floor drain panel, a floor drain body, an upper sealing cover, a stainless steel spring, a carbon fiber filter, a lower sealing cover shaft hole, a drain outlet on the bottom surface of the floor drain body, a lower sealing cover, a spring mounting groove, a sealing gasket at the bottom of the upper sealing cover, a waterproof annular edge, and a hanging plate. The upper and lower sealing covers of this invention can self-seal under the action of a shock wave, and the upper sealing cover has a bell-shaped structure.

[0005] Article 4.2.3 of the current national mandatory engineering construction standard GB55020-2021, "General Standard for Building Water Supply, Drainage and Water Conservation," stipulates that the use of bell-shaped floor drains and the replacement of water seals with movable mechanical valves are strictly prohibited. The document explains that bell-shaped floor drains have poor hydraulic conditions and are prone to sludge buildup and blockage. To clear the accumulated debris, the bell may shift, causing the water seal to dry out, allowing harmful gases from the sewer pipes to enter the room, polluting the environment and harming health. This phenomenon is widespread and should be prohibited. Furthermore, tests conducted by the National Housing and Residential Environment Engineering Research Center have proven that movable mechanical seals cannot guarantee a "reliable seal," therefore, the practice of replacing water seals with movable mechanical seals should be prohibited.

[0006] The aforementioned three existing explosion-proof floor drain structures do not comply with the mandatory provisions of GB55020-2021 "General Specification for Building Water Supply, Drainage and Water Conservation". The first two types of explosion-proof floor drains also require manual operation to achieve explosion protection, which greatly reduces their practicality. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a water-sealed floor drain that can automatically and reliably seal under the action of a shock wave and has a non-bell-shaped structure, so that it can automatically prevent the shock wave toxic gas from entering the protected area during wartime, while its structural form complies with the provisions of GB55020-2021 "General Specification for Building Water Supply and Drainage and Water Conservation".

[0008] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0009] This fully automatic water-sealed, double-seal explosion-proof floor drain includes a drain body, a grate, an upper sealing cover, a linkage mechanism, a fixed linkage shaft, a lower sealing cover, balance springs, a locking key, a V-shaped spring plate, an internally threaded pin, countersunk bolts, and a T-shaped sealing ring. The drain body has a cylindrical, double-layered hollow structure. Both ends of the inner cylinder are explosion-proof sealing surfaces, and a fixed linkage shaft is radially arranged in the middle of the inner cylinder. The linkage mechanism is symmetrically arranged vertically around the fixed linkage shaft. The upper end of the linkage mechanism is hinged to the upper sealing cover, and the lower end is hinged to the lower sealing cover. The grate is located on the upper part of the upper sealing cover and is connected to it by an internally threaded pin and a countersunk bolt. The lower sealing cover is bowl-shaped and forms a water seal with the inner cylinder of the drain body. The grate is located on the upper part of the drain body, and four balance springs are symmetrically distributed along the outer edge of the grate between it and the drain body. The upper outer edge of the leak body is provided with two key holes symmetrically arranged radially. There is an ear chamber outside the key holes. The locking key and V-shaped spring plate are placed in the ear chamber, and the locking key passes through the key hole.

[0010] As a further preferred embodiment, the two ends of the inner cylinder of the leak are chamfered inward to form a conical surface; the upper sealing cover and the lower sealing cover are chamfered outward at the same angle to form a sealing conical surface, and an annular groove is provided on the sealing conical surface, and the T-shaped sealing ring is embedded in the annular groove.

[0011] As a further preferred embodiment, the depth of the inner cylinder of the leak protruding into the bowl-shaped lower sealing cap is ≥50mm.

[0012] As a further preferred embodiment, four support columns are evenly distributed radially upwards at the bottom inner side of the outer cylinder of the leak body to limit the descent height of the lower sealing cover; the bottom of the leak body is provided with pipe threads; and a water-stop wing ring is radially provided on the outer side of the middle part of the leak body.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0014] 1. This invention completely avoids the defects of the three explosion-proof floor drain structures in the background technology that do not comply with the mandatory provisions of GB55020-2021 "General Specification for Building Water Supply, Drainage and Water Conservation".

[0015] 2. The bowl-shaped lower sealing cover used in this invention forms a good water seal structure with the inner cylinder of the drain. Even if the grate and upper sealing cover are removed for sludge removal, the water seal will not be damaged. The odor prevention and toxic gas prevention effects are significantly better than those of the bell-type and mechanical valve-type explosion-proof floor drains in the background technology.

[0016] 3. The present invention uses a linkage mechanism to connect the upper sealing cover and the lower sealing cover. When a shock wave comes from either direction, it can automatically trigger the upper sealing cover and the lower sealing cover to seal simultaneously and lock automatically. The explosion-proof sealing effect is significantly better than the three types of explosion-proof floor drains in the background technology.

[0017] 4. The upper and lower sealing covers of this invention are counterweighted by a linkage mechanism, which has higher shock wave sensitivity and faster response speed than the bidirectional self-closing explosion-proof floor drain authorized by the State Intellectual Property Office under patent CN105297874B. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and constitute a part of this invention, but do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the invention.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a front cross-sectional view of the invention in its naturally open state.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a front cross-sectional view of the invention in its sealed state.

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of part A.

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of part B.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a top view of the invention in its sealed state.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the water seal in its naturally open state according to the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the drainage flow direction in the naturally open state of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 8 This is an isometric view of the invention in its naturally open state.

[0027] The markings and corresponding component names in the attached diagram are as follows: 1 - Leak body; 2 - Grate; 3 - Upper sealing cover; 4 - Linkage mechanism; 5 - Fixed link shaft; 6 - Lower sealing cover; 7 - Balance spring; 8 - Locking key; 9 - V-type spring plate; 10 - Internal threaded pin; 11 - Countersunk bolt; 12 - T-type sealing ring. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] Fully automatic water-sealed double-seal explosion-proof floor drain, such as Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the system includes a drain body 1, a grate 2, an upper sealing cover 3, a connecting rod mechanism 4, a fixed connecting rod shaft 5, a lower sealing cover 6, a balance spring 7, a locking key 8, a V-shaped spring plate 9, an internally threaded pin 10, a countersunk bolt 11, and a T-shaped sealing ring 12. The drain body 1 is a cylindrical double-layered hollow structure. Both ends of the inner cylinder are explosion-proof sealing surfaces, and a fixed connecting rod shaft 5 is radially arranged in the middle of the inner cylinder. The connecting rod mechanism 4 is symmetrically arranged vertically around the fixed connecting rod shaft 5. The upper end of the connecting rod mechanism 4 is hinged to the upper sealing cover 3, and the lower end is hinged to the lower sealing cover 6, so that when either the upper sealing cover 3 or the lower sealing cover 6 is closed or opened by force, both the upper sealing cover 3 and the lower sealing cover 6 close or open simultaneously, achieving a double-sealing effect. The upper sealing cover 3 has a grate 2 on its upper part, which is connected as a whole by an internally threaded pin 10 and a countersunk bolt 11. The lower sealing cap 6 is bowl-shaped and forms a water seal structure with the inner cylinder of the leak body 1, ensuring that the invention still has the functions of preventing odors and toxic gases when naturally opened. The grate 2 is located on the upper part of the leak body 1. Four balance springs 7 are symmetrically distributed between the outer edge of the grate 2 and the leak body 1. These springs are used to balance the weight relationship between the combination formed by the grate 2 and the upper sealing cap 3 and the lower sealing cap 6 and the water inside, so that the upper sealing cap 3 and the lower sealing cap 6 remain highly sensitive to shock waves and improve the response speed of the sealing action. Two key holes are radially symmetrically arranged on the outer edge of the upper part of the leak body 1. Ear chambers are provided outside the key holes. Locking key 8 and V-shaped spring plate 9 are placed in the ear chambers. Locking key 8 passes through the key hole and is used to lock the grate 2.

[0031] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, the inner cylinder of the leak body 1 has inwardly chamfered conical surfaces at both ends, and the upper sealing cover 3 and the lower sealing cover 6 have outwardly chamfered conical surfaces at the same angle to ensure automatic alignment when closed, preventing displacement. The sealing conical surfaces of the upper sealing cover 3 and the lower sealing cover 6 are provided with annular grooves, and the T-shaped sealing ring 12 is embedded in these grooves to enhance the explosion-proof sealing effect and prevent the T-shaped sealing ring 12 from falling off or shifting.

[0032] Furthermore, such as Figure 6 As shown, the inner cylinder of the leak body 1 protrudes 50mm into the bowl-shaped lower sealing cover 6, so that the water seal depth of the present invention meets the requirements of GB 55020-2021 "General Specification for Building Water Supply, Drainage and Water Conservation" while minimizing the structural height.

[0033] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, four support columns are evenly distributed radially upwards at the bottom inner side of the outer cylinder of the drain body 1 to limit the descent height of the lower sealing cover 6. When the lower sealing cover 6 descends to its lowest position, the grate 2 is flush with the upper surface of the drain body 1. The bottom of the drain body 1 is provided with pipe threads to facilitate the connection of the drainage pipe. Figure 8 As shown, a water-stop wing ring is radially arranged on the outer side of the middle part of the leak body 1 to enhance the impermeability of the outer side of the leak body 1 after it is bonded with the concrete.

[0034] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 , Figure 8 As shown, the drainage holes of the grate 2 are located near the outer edge, and preferably are 5mm wide annular strip holes, in order to increase the drainage capacity of the outer edge of the grate 2, and at the same time enhance the sensitivity of the grate 2 to shock waves.

[0035] Example 2

[0036] like Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, in the natural state, the upper sealing cover 3 and the lower sealing cover 6 are open, and the wastewater on the ground flows in from the grate 2, flows down through the inner cylinder of the drain body 1 into the bowl-shaped lower sealing cover 6. After the lower sealing cover 6 is full, it overflows into the cavity between the drain body 1 and the lower sealing cover 6, and finally is discharged from the lower opening of the drain body 1.

[0037] like Figure 6 As shown, the present invention forms a water seal after the lower sealing cover 6 is filled with water. Even if the grate 2 and the upper sealing cover 3 are removed for dredging, the water seal will not be damaged, which can effectively prevent odors and toxic gases from entering the protected area under natural conditions.

[0038] Example 3

[0039] like Figure 2As shown, when a shock wave strikes from above the invention, under the overpressure of the shock wave, the grate 2 overcomes the slight resistance of the locking key 8, causing the upper sealing cover 3 to press down. The upper sealing cover 3 then drives the lower sealing cover 6 to lift up through the linkage mechanism 4, until it is completely closed with the inner cylinder of the leak body 1. Figure 3 As shown, at this moment, the grate 2 just slides past the locking key 8. Under the action of the V-shaped spring plate 9, the locking key 8 extends out of the key hole, realizing the automatic locking of the grate 2. The stronger the shock wave, the tighter the upper sealing cover 3 and the lower sealing cover 6 are pressed, forming a reliable double seal.

[0040] When a shock wave comes from below the invention, the lower sealing cover 6 rises under the overpressure of the shock wave, and the lower sealing cover 6 then drives the upper sealing cover 3 to press down through the linkage mechanism 4, thus achieving double sealing.

[0041] In wartime, the invention can also be actively sealed by manually pressing down the grate 2 to the locked state.

[0042] Example 4

[0043] When the present invention requires the release of the sealed and locked state, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, simply press the locking key 8 back into the keyhole on the upper part of the drain body 1. Under the action of the balance spring 7, the grate 2 will rise and drive the upper sealing cover 3 and the lower sealing cover 6 to open until the lower sealing cover 6 falls back onto the limiting support column inside the drain body 1. At this time, the grate 2 is flush with the upper surface of the drain body 1.

[0044] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fully automatic water-sealed double-seal explosion-proof floor drain, characterized in that: The system includes a drain body (1), a grate (2), an upper sealing cover (3), a connecting rod mechanism (4), a fixed connecting rod shaft (5), a lower sealing cover (6), a balance spring (7), a locking key (8), a V-shaped spring plate (9), an internally threaded pin (10), a countersunk bolt (11), and a T-shaped sealing ring (12). The drain body (1) is a cylindrical double-layer hollow structure, with explosion-proof sealing surfaces at both ends of the inner cylinder and a fixed connecting rod shaft (5) radially arranged in the middle of the inner cylinder. The connecting rod mechanism (4) is symmetrically arranged vertically around the fixed connecting rod shaft (5), with the upper end of the connecting rod mechanism (4) hinged to the upper sealing cover (3). The lower end of the mechanism (4) is hinged to the lower sealing cover (6); the upper sealing cover (3) is provided with a grate (2) and is connected as a whole by an internal threaded pin (10) and a countersunk bolt (11); the lower sealing cover (6) is bowl-shaped and forms a water seal structure with the inner cylinder of the leak body (1); the grate (2) is located on the upper part of the leak body (1), and four balance springs are symmetrically distributed between the outer edge of the grate (2) and the leak body (1); two key holes are radially symmetrically provided on the outer edge of the upper part of the leak body (1), and an ear chamber is provided outside the key hole. The locking key (8) and the V-shaped spring plate (9) are placed in the ear chamber, and the locking key (8) passes through the key hole.

2. The fully automatic water-sealed double-seal explosion-proof floor drain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner cylinder of the leak body (1) has two ends chamfered inward to form a conical surface; the upper sealing cap (3) and the lower sealing cap (6) are chamfered outward at the same angle to form a sealing conical surface, and an annular groove is provided on the sealing conical surface, and the T-shaped sealing ring (12) is embedded in the annular groove.

3. The fully automatic water-sealed double-seal explosion-proof floor drain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The depth of the inner cylinder of the leak body (1) protruding into the bowl-shaped lower sealing cap (6) is ≥50mm.

4. The fully automatic water-sealed double-seal explosion-proof floor drain according to claim 1, characterized in that: Four support columns are evenly distributed radially upward on the bottom inner side of the outer cylinder of the leak body (1) to limit the descent height of the lower sealing cover (6); the bottom of the leak body (1) is provided with pipe threads; a water-stop wing ring is provided radially on the outer side of the middle part of the leak body (1).

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