A self-relieving bolt fastener and method of machining the same

Abstract

The application discloses a self-pressure-relief bolt fastener and a processing method thereof, and relates to the technical field of bolt fasteners.The application comprises a first connecting body, an externally threaded pipe fitting and a second connecting body, a pressure relief cavity of the first connecting body is arranged in a pressure relief cap, a pressure relief port is in communication with the pressure relief cavity, a pressure relief cavity channel upper port of the second connecting body is in communication with the pressure relief cavity, a sealing disc is arranged in a pressure relief cavity channel lower port, a pressure driving mechanism is arranged in the pressure relief cavity channel, and a lower end of the pressure driving mechanism is fixedly arranged on a top of the sealing disc; when the sealing disc is moved upward under the action of air pressure, the pressure driving mechanism can realize the communication between the inside of the equipment and the pressure relief cavity channel, so that the gas in the inside of the equipment is discharged along the pressure relief port. According to the application, the sealing disc is arranged in the first pressure relief channel, and a plurality of groups of inclined fastening blocks are arranged in the second pressure relief channel, so that the multiple sealing of the pressure relief cavity channel can be realized, the air tightness after the connection of the bolt fastener is ensured, and the rapid pressure relief is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of bolt fastener technology, and in particular relates to a self-relieving bolt fastener and its processing method. Background Technology

[0002] Threaded fasteners are mechanical parts with internal or external threads, and are generally used as fasteners. Bolts are often used for fastening connections in some production equipment. Some confined spaces that are not used as pressure vessels and do not produce exhaust gas pollution sources are often overlooked and pressure relief protection devices are not used, which often leads to some avoidable safety accidents.

[0003] A Chinese patent with authorization announcement number CN216589507U discloses a self-relieving bolt fastener, including a screw and a cap seat integrally formed thereon. The screw and the cap seat have interconnected pressure relief channels and pressure relief chambers. The side wall of the pressure relief chamber has an exhaust hole. The top of the cap seat is provided with a cap cover. The bottom of the cap cover is connected to a fixed plate that can be raised and lowered through the cooperation of a mounting base, a positioning post, and a sliding post. The bottom end of the fixed plate is provided with a sealing plug, which is interference-fitted with the pressure relief chamber. The outer sides of the positioning post and the sliding post are provided with a return spring, and the two ends of the return spring are respectively connected and fixed to the mounting base and the fixed plate.

[0004] While the self-relieving bolt fasteners in the prior art can achieve automatic pressure relief, after prolonged use, the connection between the bolt fastener and the equipment can loosen. As the internal air pressure increases, the degree of loosening gradually worsens, significantly reducing the effectiveness of the fastener's tightening. Therefore, we provide a self-relieving bolt fastener and its processing method to solve the aforementioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a self-relieving pressure bolt fastener and its processing method. Through the specific structural design of the first connecting body, the external threaded pipe fitting, and the second connecting body, the problems in the background art mentioned above are solved.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0007] The present invention is a self-relieving pressure bolt fastener, comprising a first connecting body, an externally threaded pipe fitting, and a second connecting body; the externally threaded pipe fitting is sleeved on the outside of the first connecting body, and the first connecting body is fastened to an external device through the externally threaded pipe fitting; the second connecting body is coaxially disposed inside the first connecting body, and the second connecting body and the first connecting body are rotatably engaged.

[0008] The first connector includes a pressure relief nut, a pressure relief cavity, and a pressure relief port; the pressure relief cavity is coaxially disposed inside the pressure relief nut; the pressure relief port is evenly disposed on the peripheral side of the pressure relief nut, and the pressure relief port is connected to the pressure relief cavity.

[0009] The second connecting body includes a pressure relief chamber, a sealing disc, and a pressure driving mechanism; the upper port of the pressure relief chamber is connected to the pressure relief chamber; the sealing disc is disposed inside the lower port of the pressure relief chamber; the pressure driving mechanism is disposed inside the pressure relief chamber, and the lower end of the pressure driving mechanism is fixedly disposed on the top of the sealing disc; when the sealing disc is subjected to air pressure and moves upward, the pressure driving mechanism can realize the connection between the inside of the equipment and the pressure relief chamber, so that the gas inside the equipment is discharged along the pressure relief port.

[0010] The present invention is further configured such that the first connecting body further includes a threadless pipe fitting and a connecting channel, one end of the threadless pipe fitting being fixedly connected to the pressure relief nut; the connecting channel is coaxially disposed inside the pressure relief nut, and the connecting channel is connected to the pressure relief cavity and the inside of the threadless pipe fitting respectively.

[0011] The present invention is further configured such that the second connecting body includes an adjusting shaft, an externally threaded cylinder, and a pressure relief head. The adjusting shaft is disposed inside the connecting channel and rotates therewith. The externally threaded cylinder is rotatably disposed inside the unthreaded pipe fitting, and the externally threaded cylinder is fixedly connected to the adjusting shaft. The pressure relief head is coaxially fixedly disposed at the end of the externally threaded cylinder away from the adjusting shaft.

[0012] The present invention is further configured such that the pressure relief cavity includes a first pressure relief channel disposed inside the pressure relief head; a second pressure relief channel disposed inside the externally threaded cylinder and connected to the first pressure relief channel; and a third pressure relief channel disposed inside the adjusting shaft and connected to the second pressure relief channel, wherein the third pressure relief channel is connected to the pressure relief cavity through a radial through hole.

[0013] The invention is further configured such that a limiting groove is provided on the inner wall of the first pressure relief channel, the sealing disc is fitted with the inside of the first pressure relief channel with clearance, and a limiting block is fixedly provided on the peripheral side of the sealing disc to slide with the corresponding limiting groove; an elastic element and a sealing rod are fixedly provided inside the first pressure relief channel respectively, the elastic element and the sealing rod extending in opposite directions; one end of the elastic element is fixedly connected to the sealing disc, and an axial pressure relief hole is provided on the surface of the sealing disc to gap fit with the sealing rod.

[0014] The invention is further configured such that the end of the pressure relief head away from the external threaded column is provided with a pneumatic push port, and a sealing ring with clearance fit inside the pneumatic push port is fixedly provided on the surface of the sealing disc; the diameter of the pressure relief head is larger than that of the external threaded column, and the diameter of the pressure relief head is smaller than that of the unthreaded pipe fitting.

[0015] The invention is further configured such that the pressure driving mechanism includes a rectangular fixed frame, which is fixedly connected inside the first pressure relief channel; a rectangular axial column, which is symmetrically fixed on the inner wall of the rectangular fixed frame and fits against the second pressure relief channel; and inclined fastening blocks, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rectangular axial column, and the radial sliding rods provided on the surface of the rectangular axial column slide in cooperation with the radial channels inside the inclined fastening blocks.

[0016] The invention is further configured such that the pressure driving mechanism includes a rectangular moving column slidably disposed between two rectangular axial columns, one end of the rectangular moving column being fixedly connected to a sealing disc; multiple first magnets are provided on opposite sides of the rectangular moving column, each first magnet corresponding to a one-to-one inclined fastening block, and a second magnet repelling the first magnets is provided on the side wall of the inclined fastening block near the rectangular moving column; multiple inclined force-bearing ports are provided on opposite side walls of the second pressure relief channel, and the inclined wall of the inclined fastening block is attached to the inclined wall of the corresponding inclined force-bearing port.

[0017] The invention is further configured such that: the pressure relief nut has an embedded annular cavity at one end near the unthreaded pipe fitting, the inner diameter of the embedded annular cavity being the same as the outer diameter of the unthreaded pipe fitting; two limiting slides are symmetrically arranged on the circumferential side of the unthreaded pipe fitting; the inner wall of the externally threaded pipe fitting is clearance-fitted to the outer wall of the unthreaded pipe fitting; a linkage block is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the externally threaded pipe fitting, which slides with the limiting slides; an internally threaded ring is clearance-fitted to the inside of the unthreaded pipe fitting; the outer wall of the internally threaded ring is fixedly connected to the linkage block; and the inner wall of the internally threaded ring is threadedly engaged with the externally threaded cylinder.

[0018] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. This invention provides a sealing disc inside the first pressure relief channel, which is connected to the first pressure relief channel by an elastic element, and multiple sets of inclined fastening blocks are provided inside the second pressure relief channel. This enables multiple sealing of the pressure relief cavity from bottom to top, ensuring the airtightness of the bolt fastener connection while facilitating rapid pressure relief inside the equipment, effectively preventing safety accidents caused by excessive air pressure inside the equipment.

[0020] 2. When the internal air pressure of the equipment increases, the sealing disc moves and compresses the elastic element, causing the sealing rod to disengage from the axial pressure relief hole on the sealing disc. The rectangular moving column moves synchronously, causing the first magnet to move to the corresponding inclined fastening block. Under the magnetic repulsion force of the first magnet on the surface of the inclined fastening block, each inclined fastening block slides radially and presses the corresponding inclined force-bearing port towards the inside of the equipment. This can greatly reduce the tendency of the entire bolt fastener to move outward due to the increase in internal air pressure, thereby effectively avoiding the aggravation of bolt fastener loosening due to increased air pressure, and to a certain extent increasing the fastening effect of the bolt fastener.

[0021] 3. This invention utilizes the threaded engagement between the external threaded cylinder and the internal threaded ring by rotating the adjusting shaft, enabling the linkage block to slide along the limiting slide, thereby adjusting the axial length of the external threaded pipe fitting on the unthreaded pipe fitting. This can meet the fastening connection of threaded channels of different depths, adapt to a wider range of application needs, and reduce the cost of self-relieving bolt fasteners.

[0022] Of course, any product implementing this invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a self-relieving pressure relief bolt fastener.

[0025] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A longitudinal structural sectional view.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first connector in this invention.

[0027] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A longitudinal structural sectional view.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the external threaded pipe fitting in this invention.

[0029] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Top view of the structure.

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second connector in this invention.

[0031] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A longitudinal structural sectional view.

[0032] Figure 9 for Figure 7 A partial structural diagram.

[0033] Figure 10 for Figure 9 The structural bottom view.

[0034] Figure 11 for Figure 9 A longitudinal structural sectional view.

[0035] Figure 12 for Figure 11 Enlarged view of the local structure at point A in the middle.

[0036] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure drive mechanism in this invention.

[0037] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0038] 1-First connector, 11-Pressure relief nut, 12-Pressure relief chamber, 13-Pressure relief port, 14-Unthreaded pipe fitting, 15-Connecting channel, 16-Embedded annular cavity, 17-Limiting slide, 2-Externally threaded pipe fitting, 21-Linking block, 22-Internal threaded ring, 3-Second connector, 31-Pressure relief chamber, 311-First pressure relief channel, 312-Second pressure relief channel, 313-Third pressure relief channel, 314-Radial through hole 32-Sealing disc, 33-Pressure drive mechanism, 331-Rectangular fixing frame, 332-Rectangular axial column, 333-Inclined fastening block, 334-Rectangular moving column, 335-First magnet, 34-Adjusting shaft, 35-External threaded column, 36-Pressure relief head, 361-Limiting groove, 362-Elastic element, 363-Blocking rod, 364-Pneumatic push port, 365-Sealing ring, 37-Inclined force receiving port. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Specific Implementation Example 1

[0041] Please see Figure 1-13This invention relates to a self-relieving pressure relief bolt fastener, comprising a first connecting body 1, an externally threaded pipe fitting 2, and a second connecting body 3. The externally threaded pipe fitting 2 is sleeved on the outside of the first connecting body 1, and the first connecting body 1 achieves a fastening connection with external equipment through the externally threaded pipe fitting 2. The second connecting body 3 is coaxially disposed inside the first connecting body 1, and the second connecting body 3 and the first connecting body 1 are rotatably fitted together.

[0042] The first connecting body 1 includes a pressure relief nut 11, a pressure relief cavity 12 and a pressure relief port 13. The pressure relief cavity 12 is coaxially disposed inside the pressure relief nut 11, and the pressure relief port 13 is evenly disposed on the peripheral side of the pressure relief nut 11, and the pressure relief port 13 is connected to the pressure relief cavity 12.

[0043] The second connecting body 3 includes a pressure relief chamber 31, a sealing disc 32, and a pressure driving mechanism 33. The upper port of the pressure relief chamber 31 is connected to the pressure relief chamber 12. The sealing disc 32 is disposed inside the lower port of the pressure relief chamber 31. The pressure driving mechanism 33 is disposed inside the pressure relief chamber 31, and the lower end of the pressure driving mechanism 33 is fixedly disposed on the top of the sealing disc 32. When the sealing disc 32 is subjected to air pressure and moves upward, the pressure driving mechanism 33 can realize the connection between the inside of the equipment and the pressure relief chamber 31, so that the gas inside the equipment can be discharged along the pressure relief port 13.

[0044] In this embodiment of the invention, the first connector 1 further includes a threadless pipe 14 and a connecting channel 15. One end of the threadless pipe 14 is fixedly connected to the pressure relief nut 11. The connecting channel 15 is coaxially disposed inside the pressure relief nut 11 and is connected to the pressure relief cavity 12 and the inside of the threadless pipe 14 respectively.

[0045] The second connecting body 3 also includes an adjusting shaft 34, an external threaded column 35, and a pressure relief head 36. The adjusting shaft 34 is disposed inside the connecting channel 15 and rotates therewith. The external threaded column 35 is rotatably disposed inside the unthreaded pipe fitting 14, and the external threaded column 35 is fixedly connected to the adjusting shaft 34. The pressure relief head 36 is coaxially fixedly disposed at the end of the external threaded column 35 away from the adjusting shaft 34. By rotating the adjusting shaft 34, the external threaded column 35 can be rotated synchronously, thereby adjusting the axial length of the external threaded pipe fitting 2 on the unthreaded pipe fitting 14.

[0046] In this embodiment of the invention, the pressure relief cavity 31 includes a first pressure relief channel 311, a second pressure relief channel 312, and a third pressure relief channel 313. The first pressure relief channel 311 is disposed inside the pressure relief head 36, the second pressure relief channel 312 is disposed inside the external threaded cylinder 35 and is connected to the first pressure relief channel 311, the third pressure relief channel 313 is disposed inside the adjusting shaft 34 and is connected to the second pressure relief channel 312, and the third pressure relief channel 313 is connected to the pressure relief cavity 12 through a radial through hole 314. During the pressure relief process of the bolt fastener of the present invention, the gas inside the equipment (unpolluted gas or air) is discharged sequentially along the first pressure relief channel 311, the second pressure relief channel 312, the third pressure relief channel 313, the radial through hole 314, the pressure relief cavity 12, and the pressure relief port 13 to achieve pressure reduction inside the equipment.

[0047] In this embodiment of the invention, a limiting groove 361 is provided on the inner wall of the first pressure relief channel 311, the sealing disk 32 is fitted with the inside of the first pressure relief channel 311 with a clearance, and a limiting block is fixedly provided on the periphery of the sealing disk 32 to slide with the corresponding limiting groove 361.

[0048] The first pressure relief channel 311 is equipped with an elastic element 362 and a sealing rod 363, which are fixedly installed inside. The elastic element 362 and the sealing rod 363 extend in opposite directions. One end of the elastic element 362 is fixedly connected to the sealing disc 32. The surface of the sealing disc 32 is provided with an axial pressure relief hole that is clearance-fitted with the sealing rod 363. When the equipment is under normal pressure or low pressure, the sealing rod 363 always maintains clearance-fitted with the axial pressure relief hole to achieve the sealing function of the sealing disc 32. Only when the internal air pressure of the equipment is large can the sealing disc 32 be pushed to move away from the sealing rod 363 to relieve pressure.

[0049] The end of the pressure relief head 36 away from the external threaded column 35 is provided with a pneumatic push port 364, and a sealing ring 365 with clearance fit inside the pneumatic push port 364 is fixedly provided on the surface of the sealing disc 32; the diameter of the pressure relief head 36 is larger than that of the external threaded column 35, and the diameter of the pressure relief head 36 is smaller than that of the unthreaded pipe fitting 14.

[0050] In this embodiment of the invention, the pressure driving mechanism 33 includes a rectangular fixed frame 331, a rectangular axial column 332, and an inclined fastening block 333. The rectangular fixed frame 331 is fixedly connected inside the first pressure relief channel 311. The rectangular axial column 332 is symmetrically fixed on the inner wall of the rectangular fixed frame 331 and fits against the second pressure relief channel 312. The inclined fastening blocks 333 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rectangular axial column 332. The radial sliding rods provided on the surface of the rectangular axial column 332 slide in cooperation with the radial channels inside the inclined fastening blocks 333. When one side of the inclined fastening block 333 fits against the surface of the rectangular axial column 332 and the rectangular moving column 334, the second pressure relief channel 312 can be sealed by the combined action of the rectangular axial column 332, the rectangular moving column 334, and the inclined fastening block 333.

[0051] In this embodiment of the invention, the pressure driving mechanism 33 further includes a rectangular moving column 334 that is slidably disposed between the two rectangular axial columns 332, and one end of the rectangular moving column 334 is fixedly connected to the sealing disc 32.

[0052] Multiple first magnets 335 are provided on both opposite sides of the rectangular moving column 334. Each first magnet 335 is corresponding to a one-to-one inclined fastening block 333. A second magnet that magnetically repels the first magnets 335 is provided on the side wall of the inclined fastening block 333 near the rectangular moving column 334. When one side of the inclined fastening block 333 is disengaged from the surface of the rectangular axial column 332 and the rectangular moving column 334, the second pressure relief channel 312, the first pressure relief channel 311 and the third pressure relief channel 313 can be connected, thereby realizing the pressure relief action inside the equipment.

[0053] By setting a sealing disc 32 inside the first pressure relief channel 311, and connecting the sealing disc 32 inside the first pressure relief channel 311 through an elastic element 362, and setting multiple sets of inclined fastening blocks 333 inside the second pressure relief channel 312, multiple sealing of the pressure relief cavity 31 from bottom to top can be achieved. This ensures the airtightness of the bolt fastener connection and facilitates rapid pressure relief inside the equipment, effectively preventing safety accidents caused by excessive air pressure inside the equipment.

[0054] The second pressure relief channel 312 has multiple inclined force-bearing ports 37 on both sides. The inclined walls of the inclined fastening blocks 333 are attached to the inclined walls of the corresponding inclined force-bearing ports 37. When the internal air pressure increases, the sealing disc 32 moves to compress the elastic element 362, causing the sealing rod 363 to disengage from the axial pressure relief hole on the sealing disc 32. The rectangular moving column 334 moves synchronously, causing the first magnet 335 to move to the corresponding inclined fastening block 333. Under the magnetic repulsion force of the first magnet 335 on the surface of the second magnet of the inclined fastening block 333, each inclined fastening block 333 slides radially and presses the corresponding inclined force-bearing port 37 towards the inside of the equipment. This can greatly reduce the tendency of the entire bolt fastener to move outward due to the increase in internal air pressure, thereby effectively avoiding the aggravation of bolt fastener loosening due to increased air pressure and increasing the fastening effect of the bolt fastener to a certain extent.

[0055] In this embodiment of the invention, the pressure relief nut 11 is provided with an embedded annular cavity 16 at one end near the unthreaded pipe fitting 14. The inner diameter of the embedded annular cavity 16 is the same as the outer diameter of the unthreaded pipe fitting 14. Two limiting slides 17 are symmetrically provided on the circumferential side of the unthreaded pipe fitting 14.

[0056] The inner wall of the externally threaded pipe fitting 2 is clearance-fitted to the outer wall of the unthreaded pipe fitting 14. A linkage block 21 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the externally threaded pipe fitting 2, which slides with the limiting slide 17. An internally threaded ring 22 is provided inside the externally threaded pipe fitting 2, which is clearance-fitted to the inside of the unthreaded pipe fitting 14. The outer wall of the internally threaded ring 22 is fixedly connected to the linkage block 21, and the inner wall of the internally threaded ring 22 is threadedly fitted to the externally threaded column 35. By rotating the adjusting shaft 34, the linkage block 21 can slide along the limiting slide 17 using the threaded fit between the externally threaded column 35 and the internally threaded ring 22. This allows for adjustment of the axial length of the externally threaded pipe fitting 2 on the unthreaded pipe fitting 14, which can meet the fastening connection of threaded channels of different depths, adapt to a wider range of application needs, and reduce the cost of self-relieving bolt fasteners. Specific Implementation Example 2

[0058] A self-relieving pressure relief method for self-relieving bolt fasteners includes the following steps:

[0059] S01. According to the required depth of the threaded channel, by rotating the adjusting shaft 34, the axial length of the external threaded pipe fitting 2 on the unthreaded pipe fitting 14 is realized by utilizing the cooperation between the external threaded cylinder 35 and the internal threaded ring 22, and the entire bolt fastener is installed on the equipment.

[0060] S02. When the internal air pressure of the equipment increases, the sealing disc 32 moves under pressure and compresses the elastic element 362. When the sealing rod 363 disengages from the axial pressure relief hole on the sealing disc 32, the gas inside the equipment enters the first pressure relief channel 311 along the axial pressure relief hole.

[0061] S03. During the movement of the sealing disc 32, the rectangular moving column 334 moves synchronously, causing the first magnet 335 to move to the corresponding inclined fastening block 333. Under the magnetic repulsion force of the first magnet 335 on the surface of the second magnet of the inclined fastening block 333, each inclined fastening block 333 slides radially and presses the corresponding inclined force-bearing port 37 towards the inside of the equipment.

[0062] S04. During the movement of the sealing disc 32, each inclined fastening block 333 slides radially away from the surface of the rectangular moving column 334 and the rectangular axial column 332, so that the gas entering the first pressure relief channel 311 enters the pressure relief chamber 12 in sequence along the second pressure relief channel 312, the third pressure relief channel 313 and the radial through hole 314, and finally exits through the pressure relief port 13 to achieve internal pressure relief of the equipment.

[0063] S05. When the internal air pressure of the equipment drops to a safe range, under the elastic restoring force of the elastic element 362, the sealing disc 32 gradually moves in the opposite direction to reset and causes the sealing rod 363 to re-fit into the axial pressure relief hole on the surface of the sealing disc 32, thereby completing the pressure relief of the equipment.

[0064] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0065] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A self-relieving pressure bolt fastener, characterized in that, include: First connector (1) An externally threaded pipe fitting (2) is sleeved on the outside of the first connecting body (1), and the first connecting body (1) is fastened to external equipment through the externally threaded pipe fitting (2); and The second connecting body (3) is coaxially disposed inside the first connecting body (1), and the second connecting body (3) and the first connecting body (1) are rotatably fitted together; wherein, The first connector (1) includes: Pressure relief nut (11). Unthreaded pipe fittings (14). Pressure relief chamber (12), which is coaxially disposed inside the pressure relief nut (11); and Pressure relief port (13), the pressure relief port (13) is evenly arranged on the peripheral side of the pressure relief nut (11), and the pressure relief port (13) is connected to the pressure relief cavity (12); The second connector (3) includes: External threaded cylinder (35). The pressure relief channel (31) is connected to the pressure relief cavity (12) at its upper port. The pressure relief channel (31) includes a second pressure relief passage (312). Sealing disc (32), the sealing disc (32) being disposed inside the lower port of the pressure relief cavity (31); and A pressure drive mechanism (33) is provided inside the pressure relief chamber (31), and the lower end of the pressure drive mechanism (33) is fixedly provided on the top of the sealing disc (32). When the sealing disc (32) is subjected to air pressure and moves upward, the pressure drive mechanism (33) can realize the communication between the inside of the equipment and the pressure relief chamber (31), so that the gas inside the equipment is discharged along the pressure relief port (13). The pressure drive mechanism (33) includes a rectangular axial column (332) and an inclined fastening block (333). The pressure driving mechanism (33) further includes a rectangular moving column (334) that is slidably disposed between two rectangular axial columns (332), one end of which is fixedly connected to the sealing disc (32); The rectangular movable column (334) is provided with multiple first magnets (335) on both sides. The first magnets (335) are provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the inclined fastening blocks (333). The inclined fastening blocks (333) are provided with second magnets that are magnetically repulsive to the first magnets (335) on the side wall near the rectangular movable column (334). The second pressure relief channel (312) has multiple inclined force-bearing ports (37) on both sides, and the inclined wall of the inclined fastening block (333) is attached to the inclined wall of the corresponding inclined force-bearing port (37); The pressure relief nut (11) has an embedded annular cavity (16) at one end near the unthreaded pipe fitting (14). The inner diameter of the embedded annular cavity (16) is the same as the outer diameter of the unthreaded pipe fitting (14). Two limiting slides (17) are symmetrically arranged on the circumferential side of the unthreaded pipe fitting (14). The inner wall of the externally threaded pipe fitting (2) is fitted with the outer wall of the unthreaded pipe fitting (14) with clearance. The inner wall of the externally threaded pipe fitting (2) is fixedly provided with a linkage block (21) that slides with the limiting slide (17). The internal threaded ring (22) of the externally threaded pipe fitting (2) is fitted with the internal threaded ring (14) with clearance. The outer wall of the internal threaded ring (22) is fixedly connected to the linkage block (21). The inner wall of the internal threaded ring (22) is threaded with the externally threaded cylinder (35).

2. The self-relieving bolt fastener according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first connector (1) further includes a connecting channel (15), one end of the unthreaded pipe fitting (14) is fixedly connected to the pressure relief nut (11), the connecting channel (15) is coaxially disposed inside the pressure relief nut (11), and the connecting channel (15) is connected to the pressure relief cavity (12) and the inside of the unthreaded pipe fitting (14) respectively.

3. The self-relieving pressure bolt fastener according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second connector (3) further includes an adjusting shaft (34) and a pressure relief head (36). The adjusting shaft (34) is disposed inside the connecting channel (15) and rotates therewith. The externally threaded column (35) is rotatably disposed inside the unthreaded pipe fitting (14), and the externally threaded column (35) is fixedly connected to the adjusting shaft (34). The pressure relief head (36) is coaxially fixedly disposed at the end of the externally threaded column (35) away from the adjusting shaft (34).

4. A self-relieving pressure bolt fastener according to claim 3, characterized in that, The pressure relief cavity (31) further includes a first pressure relief channel (311) and a third pressure relief channel (313). The first pressure relief channel (311) is disposed inside the pressure relief head (36). The second pressure relief channel (312) is disposed inside the external threaded cylinder (35) and is connected to the first pressure relief channel (311). The third pressure relief channel (313) is disposed inside the adjusting shaft (34) and is connected to the second pressure relief channel (312). The third pressure relief channel (313) is connected to the pressure relief cavity (12) through a radial through hole (314).

5. A self-relieving pressure bolt fastener according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first pressure relief channel (311) is provided with a limiting groove (361) on its inner wall. The sealing disc (32) is fitted with the first pressure relief channel (311) with a clearance. The sealing disc (32) is fixedly provided with a limiting block that slides with the corresponding limiting groove (361) on its peripheral side. The first pressure relief channel (311) is fixedly provided with an elastic element (362) and a sealing rod (363). The elastic element (362) and the sealing rod (363) extend in opposite directions. One end of the elastic element (362) is fixedly connected to the sealing disc (32). The surface of the sealing disc (32) is provided with an axial pressure relief hole that is clearance-fitted with the sealing rod (363).

6. A self-relieving pressure bolt fastener according to claim 5, characterized in that, The pressure relief head (36) is provided with a pneumatic push port (364) at the end away from the external threaded column (35), and a sealing ring (365) with clearance fit is fixedly provided on the surface of the sealing disc (32) inside the pneumatic push port (364). The diameter of the pressure relief head (36) is larger than that of the externally threaded cylinder (35), and the diameter of the pressure relief head (36) is smaller than that of the unthreaded pipe fitting (14).

7. A self-relieving pressure bolt fastener according to claim 6, characterized in that, The pressure drive mechanism (33) further includes a rectangular fixing frame (331), which is fixedly connected inside the first pressure relief channel (311); the rectangular axial column (332) is symmetrically fixed on the inner wall of the rectangular fixing frame (331) and fits against the second pressure relief channel (312); the inclined fastening block (333) is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rectangular axial column (332), and the radial sliding rod provided on the surface of the rectangular axial column (332) slides in cooperation with the radial channel inside the inclined fastening block (333).

8. The self-relieving pressure method for a self-relieving bolt fastener as described in claim 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S01. According to the required depth of the threaded hole, by rotating the adjusting shaft (34), the axial length of the external threaded pipe fitting (2) on the unthreaded pipe fitting (14) is realized by utilizing the cooperation between the external threaded cylinder (35) and the internal threaded ring (22), and the entire bolt fastener is installed on the equipment. S02. When the internal air pressure of the equipment increases, the sealing disc (32) moves under pressure and compresses the elastic element (362). When the sealing rod (363) disengages from the axial pressure relief hole on the sealing disc (32), the gas inside the equipment enters the first pressure relief channel (311) along the axial pressure relief hole. S03. During the movement of the sealing disc (32), the rectangular moving column (334) moves synchronously, causing the first magnet (335) to move to the corresponding inclined fastening block (333). Under the magnetic repulsion force of the first magnet (335) on the surface of the second magnet of the inclined fastening block (333), each inclined fastening block (333) slides radially and presses the corresponding inclined force-bearing port (37) towards the inside of the equipment. S04. During the movement of the sealing disc (32), each inclined fastening block (333) slides radially away from the surface of the rectangular moving column (334) and the rectangular axial column (332), so that the gas entering the first pressure relief channel (311) enters the pressure relief chamber (12) in sequence along the second pressure relief channel (312), the third pressure relief channel (313) and the radial through hole (314), and finally exits through the pressure relief port (13) to achieve internal pressure relief of the equipment. S05. When the internal air pressure of the equipment drops to a safe range, under the elastic restoring force of the elastic element (362), the sealing disc (32) gradually moves in the opposite direction to reset and causes the sealing rod (363) to re-fit in the axial pressure relief hole on the surface of the sealing disc (32).

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