Gear shaft spline scribing tool and spline reference tooth tool setting line position determination method

Abstract

The application discloses a scribing tool for gear shaft spline and a spline reference tooth setting line position determination method, and belongs to the technical field of machining, characterized in that: the scribing tool comprises a reference ring, a reference sleeve hole, a reference side plane and a positioning pin piece; the reference ring is a circular ring component; the reference sleeve hole is a center hole of the reference ring, and an inner ring surface of the center hole of the reference ring is a reference inner circumferential surface combined with a gear shaft; the reference side plane is a plane arranged on a side of the reference ring, and the reference side plane is parallel to an axis of the reference sleeve hole; the positioning pin piece is installed on the reference ring, and an end of the positioning pin piece is provided with an insertion positioning part combined with a reference tooth groove of the gear shaft; in a state that the insertion positioning part is combined with the reference tooth groove of the gear shaft, an axis of the positioning pin piece penetrates a gear division circle of the gear shaft. The tool can improve machining accuracy, improve work efficiency, ensure consistency, reduce technical threshold, and overcome various defects of a traditional manual scribing method.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of mechanical processing, and particularly relates to a scribing tool for gear shaft splines and a spline reference tooth tool setting line position determination method. BACKGROUND

[0002] A mechanical press is a widely used device in industrial production, mainly used for processing, forming and pressing various materials. As one of the important components of a mechanical press, a gear shaft has extremely important significance. The role of the gear shaft in the mechanical press is crucial. The gear system installed on the gear shaft can achieve different transmission ratios to meet different work requirements. This variable speed transmission mechanism enables the mechanical press to adjust the pressure and speed under different conditions to better adapt to the processing requirements of different materials. The gear shaft also plays an important role in stabilizing and balancing the operation of the press. During the operation of the mechanical press, it needs to withstand huge pressure and force. If there is no stable gear shaft to share and transmit these forces, the mechanical components may be subjected to excessive stress, leading to damage or even accidents. Therefore, the manufacturing precision of the gear shaft directly determines the working performance and processing precision of the press.

[0003] A gear shaft equipped with a press includes two herringbone gear shaft parts. The side of the shaft part is a slightly smaller shaft journal, the shaft journal is a light shaft, and a spline needs to be machined at the shaft end to form a spline shaft part for transmitting torque. In order to ensure the machining accuracy of the gear, it is required that the center of the reference tooth of the herringbone gear end face and the center of the reference tooth of the spline opening line have an angular position requirement, and the error should not be greater than 2'.

[0004] Since the tooth profile of the herringbone gear is helical, it becomes quite complex to determine the angle between the spline reference tooth center and the gear end face reference tooth center. The usual method is to draw a center line on the addendum surface of the reference tooth of the gear, and then extend this line to the shaft end. Then, draw a radial line from the spline reference tooth center line to the shaft center at a certain angle at the shaft end. Then, extend the outer end of the radial line to the large diameter outer circle of the spline shaft part in the axial direction to draw the tool setting line for spline machining. Finally, the spline is rolled by following the tool setting line. However, the above method involves multiple manual line drawing, and there are many shortcomings in the actual machining operation process:

[0005] 1. Error accumulation: Each time the line is drawn manually, a certain error is introduced, and these errors may accumulate with each scribing. Since multiple drawings and alignments are involved, these errors may be superimposed on each other, resulting in inaccuracy of the final measurement results.

[0006] 2. Unstable machining precision: Due to error accumulation, the final spline machining precision may be unstable in different batches or products. This may cause some products to have differences in size and shape, which do not meet the requirements.

[0007] 3. Low production efficiency: Manual line drawing takes a long time and requires experienced technicians to operate. This will affect production efficiency, causing the machining process to slow down and the yield to decrease.

[0008] 4. Human factor influence: Manual line drawing is easily affected by the operator's skill level and operating environment. The operator's subjective factors may cause the drawn lines to be inaccurate, which will affect the final machining result.

[0009] 5. Not suitable for mass production: For mass production, the manual line drawing method becomes more unfeasible. A large amount of manpower and time are required to complete this step, which is costly and inefficient.

[0010] 6. Difficult to trace and adjust: Once an error occurs or the angle needs to be adjusted, it is difficult to accurately trace and adjust the manually drawn lines. This may cause problems in production that cannot be solved in time.

[0011] In summary, manual multiple line drawing to determine the spline has many shortcomings, mainly including error accumulation, unstable machining precision, low production efficiency, and unsuitability for mass production. SUMMARY

[0012] To solve the problems of low machining precision and low efficiency caused by manual multiple line drawing to determine the spline, the present application provides a gear shaft spline line drawing tool and a spline reference tooth line position determination method.

[0013] The present application is implemented as follows: a gear shaft spline line drawing tool, characterized by: a reference ring, a reference sleeve hole, a reference side plane, and a positioning pin; the reference ring is a circular ring member; the reference sleeve hole is the center ring hole of the reference ring, and the inner ring surface of the center ring hole of the reference ring is the reference inner circumferential surface combined with the gear shaft; the reference side plane is a plane provided on the side of the reference ring, and the reference side plane is parallel to the axis of the reference sleeve hole; the positioning pin is installed on the reference ring, and the end of the positioning pin is provided with a plug-in positioning part combined with the reference tooth groove of the gear shaft; in the state that the plug-in positioning part is combined with the reference tooth groove of the gear shaft, the axis of the positioning pin passes through the gear division circle of the gear shaft.

[0014] In the above technical solution, preferably, the circumferential included angle between the line connecting the center of the gear shaft to the reference tooth center of the gear shaft and the line connecting the center of the gear shaft to the spline reference tooth center is β, the axial tooth pitch half-angle of the gear shaft is γ, and the circumferential included angle between the perpendicular from the reference sleeve hole center to the reference side plane and the line connecting the reference sleeve hole center to the center of the positioning pin is α, α = β + γ.

[0015] In the above technical solution, preferably, the reference ring is provided with locking screws for locking the relative position between the reference ring and the gear shaft.

[0016] In the above technical solution, preferably, the positioning pin is a cylindrical pin rod, and the plug-in positioning part is a conical head provided at the end of the cylindrical pin rod.

[0017] In the above technical solution, preferably, the taper angle of the plug-in positioning part is 60°.

[0018] In the above technical solution, preferably, the reference ring is provided with an axial insertion hole, and the positioning pin is detachably inserted and fixed in the axial insertion hole.

[0019] In the above technical solution, preferably, the reference ring is symmetrically provided with two radial locking screws, and the locking screws are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the reference side plane.

[0020] The advantages and effects of the scribing tool for gear shaft splines are:

[0021] 1. Precision improvement: By using the scribing tool, an accurate correspondence between the gear shaft spline position parameters and the scribed line position can be established. This correspondence eliminates the error accumulation that may be introduced during manual scribing, thereby significantly improving the accuracy of the spline tool setting line position.

[0022] 2. Efficiency improvement: The introduction of this tool reduces the time and steps required for manual multiple scribing. By directly using the scribing tool, technicians can more quickly determine the position of the spline tool setting line, thereby improving the efficiency of production and processing and saving valuable time resources.

[0023] 3. Consistency guarantee: The use of this scribing tool can ensure that the position of the tool setting line is consistent among different workers and different batches. This eliminates the influence of human factors on the processing result, ensuring the stability and consistency of the processing accuracy.

[0024] 4. Wide application range: This tool can be applied to various types and specifications of gear shaft spline processing, with strong universality. This makes it play an excellent effect in different scenarios, whether it is small batch customization or large-scale production.

[0025] 5、Technology threshold reduction: After the introduction of the scribing tool, technicians do not need much experience and skills to manually draw lines, thereby reducing the technical threshold. This makes the operation simpler and allows more people to benefit from it.

[0026] 6、Traceability and adjustability: The scribe drawn using the tool can be more easily traced and adjusted. Once there is a problem or fine-tuning is needed, it can be accurately corrected, avoiding the difficulties that may arise in manual scribing.

[0027] In summary, the scribing tool for gear shaft splines in this embodiment overcomes the various defects of traditional manual scribing methods by improving precision, efficiency, consistency, and reducing the technical threshold, providing a reliable and efficient solution for gear shaft spline machining.

[0028] The second object of the present application is to provide a method for determining the tool setting line position of the spline reference tooth, characterized in that the scribing tool described above is used, and the steps include:

[0029] S1. Place the gear shaft of the mechanical press horizontally on the water platform;

[0030] S2. Fit the reference ring around the shaft neck of the gear shaft, and insert the plug-in positioning part of the positioning pin into the reference tooth groove of the gear shaft;

[0031] S3. Rotate the gear shaft in the circumferential direction so that the reference side plane is perpendicular to the horizontal plane;

[0032] S4. Take the horizontal center line of the reference side plane as the reference line, extend the axis to the spline shaft part of the gear shaft, and form the spline reference tooth tool setting line.

[0033] In the above technical solution, preferably, in the step S1, the gear shaft is horizontally placed on the water platform through a support.

[0034] In the above technical solution, preferably, in the step S4, a height gauge is provided on the water platform, and the height gauge extends the reference line and determines the spline reference tooth tool setting line by moving horizontally on the water platform. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the scribing tool in this embodiment;

[0036] Figure 2 is an A-A sectional view of Figure 1 ;

[0037] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the gear shaft in this embodiment;

[0038] Figure 4 is a use state diagram of the scribing tool in this embodiment;

[0039] Figure 5 is the end side schematic diagram of the use state of the scribing tool in the embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application more clear, the present application is further described in detail below in combination with embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and not to limit the present application.

[0041] In order to solve the problem of low machining precision and low efficiency caused by multiple scribing by manual operation to determine the tool setting line of spline machining, the present application provides a scribing tool for gear shaft spline and a spline reference tooth tool setting line position determination method. The scribing tool for gear shaft spline can improve machining precision, improve work efficiency, ensure consistency and reduce technical threshold, and overcome various defects of traditional manual scribing method. In order to further illustrate the structure of the present application, the detailed description is as follows in combination with the drawings:

[0042] Embodiment one

[0043] Please refer to Figures 1-5 A scribing tool for gear shaft spline, comprising a reference ring 1, a reference sleeve hole 1-1, a reference side plane 1-2, and a positioning pin 2.

[0044] The reference ring is a circular ring member. The reference sleeve hole is a central ring hole of the reference ring, and the inner ring surface of the central ring hole of the reference ring is a reference inner circumferential surface combined with the gear shaft 4. The central ring hole of the reference ring is designed according to the outer circle of the shaft neck 4-2 adjacent to the gear 4-1 on the applicable gear shaft 4, and the nominal diameter is the same, and the tolerance is E7. In the embodiment, the outer diameter of the reference ring is φ600mm, the inner hole diameter is φ433mm(+0.06 / +0.03), and the axial thickness is 75mm.

[0045] The reference side plane is a plane provided on the side of the reference ring, and the reference side plane is parallel to the axis of the reference sleeve hole. The positioning pin is installed on the reference ring, and the end of the positioning pin is provided with a plug-in positioning part combined with the reference tooth groove of the gear shaft. In the state that the plug-in positioning part is combined with the reference tooth groove of the gear shaft, the axis of the positioning pin passes through the gear dividing circle of the gear shaft. In the embodiment, the diameter of the positioning pin is φ32H7, and the distributed and arranged circle has the same diameter as the gear dividing circle of the double helical gear, which is φ480mm. The positioning pin is a cylindrical pin, and the plug-in positioning part is a tapered head provided at the end of the cylindrical pin. The taper angle of the plug-in positioning part is 60°. The reference ring is provided with an axial insertion hole, and the positioning pin is detachably inserted and fixed in the axial insertion hole, which can be in the form of clearance fit (H7 / g6).

[0046] For the circumferential position requirement of the reference side plane and the positioning pin, the circumferential included angle between the vertical line from the reference sleeve hole center to the reference side plane and the line connecting the reference sleeve hole center to the center of the positioning pin is α, α = β + γ. Wherein, β is the circumferential included angle between the line connecting the center of the gear shaft to the reference tooth center of the gear shaft and the line connecting the center of the gear shaft to the spline reference tooth center, and in the embodiment, the angle is designed as 25.425°; γ is the half-angle of the gear shaft tooth pitch, γ = 180 / Z, wherein Z is the number of gear teeth, and in the embodiment, Z is 30. Then α = β + γ = 25.425° + 180° / 30 = 31.425°.

[0047] The reference ring is provided with locking screws 3 for locking the relative position between the reference ring and the gear shaft. Further, the reference ring is symmetrically provided with two radial locking screws, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the reference side plane.

[0048] Embodiment two

[0049] A method for determining the tool setting line position of the spline reference tooth, which utilizes the above-mentioned scribing tool, and the steps include:

[0050] S1. Horizontally place the gear shaft of the mechanical press. In the embodiment, specifically, the gear shaft is horizontally placed on the water platform surface through a support. That is, place the gear shaft on the two V-shaped irons of the scribing platform, and adjust the gear shaft to be level.

[0051] S2. Fit the reference ring on the journal of the gear shaft, and tightly abut the side surface of the reference ring with the gear end surface, and insert the plug-in positioning part of the positioning pin into the reference tooth groove of the gear shaft, and then lock the relative position between the reference ring and the gear shaft by using the locking screws.

[0052] S3. Rotate the gear shaft in the circumferential direction, so that the reference side plane is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. Check the perpendicularity of the reference side plane of the scribing tool and the water platform surface by using a protractor, and the error is not greater than 0.05 mm.

[0053] S4. Take the horizontal center line of the reference side plane as the reference line, extend the axis to the spline shaft part 4-3 of the gear shaft, and form the tool setting line of the spline reference tooth. In the embodiment, specifically, a height gauge is arranged on the water platform surface, the height gauge is moved horizontally on the water platform surface to extend the reference line and determine the tool setting line of the spline reference tooth. In the embodiment, the large-diameter tooth groove of the spline shaft part of the gear shaft is φ380-0.1 / -0.2. A center line is scribed on it by using the height gauge, and the line is the tool setting line of the spline reference tooth.

[0054] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A scribe tool for gear shaft splines, characterized in that Comprise: A reference ring, which is a circular ring member; A reference sleeve hole, which is a center hole of the reference ring, and the inner ring surface of the center hole of the reference ring is a reference inner circumferential surface combined with the gear shaft; A reference side plane, which is a plane provided on the side of the reference ring, and the reference side plane is parallel to the axis of the reference sleeve hole; A positioning pin member, which is installed on the reference ring, and the end of the positioning pin member is provided with a plug-in positioning part combined with the reference tooth groove of the gear shaft; In the state that the plug-in positioning part is combined with the reference tooth groove of the gear shaft, the axis of the positioning pin member passes through the gear dividing circle of the gear shaft; The circumferential included angle between the line connecting the center of the gear shaft to the reference tooth center of the gear shaft and the line connecting the center of the gear shaft to the spline reference tooth center is β, the axial tooth pitch half-angle of the gear shaft is γ, and the circumferential included angle between the vertical line from the center of the reference sleeve hole to the reference side plane and the line connecting the center of the reference sleeve hole to the center of the positioning pin member is α, α=β+γ.

2. The scribing tool for gear shaft splines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reference ring is installed with a locking screw for locking the relative position between the reference ring and the gear shaft.

3. The scribing tool for gear shaft splines according to claim 2, characterized in that: The positioning pin member is a cylindrical pin rod, and the plug-in positioning part is a tapered head provided at the end of the cylindrical pin rod.

4. The scribing tool for gear shaft splines according to claim 3, characterized in that: The taper angle of the plug-in positioning part is 60°.

5. The scribing tool for gear shaft splines according to claim 4, characterized in that: The reference ring is provided with an axial insertion hole, and the positioning pin member is detachably inserted and fixed in the axial insertion hole.

6. The scribing tool for gear shaft splines according to claim 5, characterized in that: The reference ring is symmetrically installed with two radial locking screws, which are symmetrically provided on both sides of the reference side plane.

7. A method of determining a tool setting line position for a spline reference tooth, characterized by, The steps of using the scribing tool of any one of claims 1-6 comprise: S1. horizontally placing the gear shaft of the mechanical press; S2. sleeving the reference ring on the journal of the gear shaft, and inserting the plug-in positioning part of the positioning pin member into the reference tooth groove of the gear shaft; S3. rotating the gear shaft in the circumferential direction to make the reference side plane perpendicular to the horizontal plane; S4. taking the horizontal center line of the reference side plane as the reference line, extending the axis to the spline shaft part of the gear shaft, and forming the spline reference tooth tool setting line.

8. The method of gaging a spline reference tooth pair of tool path position determination according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the step S1, the gear shaft is horizontally placed on the water platform surface through a support.

9. The method of gaging a spline to a tool line position determination according to claim 8, wherein: In the step S4, a height gauge is provided on the water platform surface, and the reference line is extended and the spline reference tooth tool setting line is determined by horizontally moving the height gauge on the water platform surface.

Images