A negative reaction force control device for a bridge and a bridge structure

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of bridge's negative reaction control device and bridge structure, it includes: bridge pier, the bridge pier is installed with crossbeam, the bottom of the crossbeam is fixed with tension beam;Distribution beam, the distribution beam is supported on the tension beam;And inhaul cable, one end of the inhaul cable is fixed to the distribution beam, the other end is fixed to the bridge pier, and pre-tension is applied to the inhaul cable;The tension of the inhaul cable is transmitted to the tension beam by the distribution beam;Longitudinal restraint device, it is installed in the bridge pier, and the longitudinal restraint device is fixed with the distribution beam, for limiting the longitudinal movement of the distribution beam along the bridge direction.The present application can not only eliminate the influence of bridge's negative reaction, but also reduce the use amount of concrete and reduce the cost, and simultaneously, longitudinal restraint device can limit the longitudinal activity of distribution beam, when the longitudinal relative displacement between beam body and bridge pier occurs, longitudinal restraint device can ensure that inhaul cable only bears vertical force, can reduce the risk of inhaul cable fracture.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bridge technology, and in particular to a negative reaction force control device for bridges. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, in some cases, such as long-span cable-stayed bridges, self-anchored suspension bridges, and arch bridges, the upward vertical force at the supports of the bridge exceeds the downward vertical force, resulting in negative reaction forces. If these negative reaction forces are not controlled, the bridge may become detached from the supports, potentially causing the bridge structure to overturn and affecting structural safety. Therefore, it is necessary to structurally prevent negative reaction forces from occurring in bridges.

[0003] In related technologies, there are generally three methods to solve the problem of negative reaction force in bridges: First, tension and compression bearings are directly installed on the main beam and pier to prevent the bearings from coming loose; second, a direct weighting method is used, in which iron sand concrete is poured at the main beam bearings to increase the self-weight; third, a prestressed cable method is used, in which cables are installed between the main beam and pier to apply prestress to the main beam.

[0004] Tension-compression bearings are a viable option, but the design and construction of large-tonnage tension-compression bearings are complex, and maintenance and replacement are difficult. Direct ballast bearings require a large amount of ferrule concrete, making them less economical. Furthermore, the limitations of the bridge structure make it difficult to support excessive amounts of concrete, requiring careful consideration of the placement of ferrule concrete on the bridge and modifications to the bridge structure. Prestressed cable bearings offer high pressure application efficiency, convenient construction, and good economic benefits, and have been applied to small and medium-span bridges in recent years.

[0005] However, prestressed cable systems also have some drawbacks and application challenges. The main issue is that due to the large longitudinal expansion and contraction displacement at the beam ends of long-span bridges, prestressed cable systems cannot be applied to the longitudinal relative displacement between the main beam and the piers. When large longitudinal relative displacements frequently occur between the main beam and the piers, the anchor points of the cables repeatedly bend, leading to fatigue failure and ultimately cable breakage, affecting bridge traffic safety. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides a negative reaction force control device and bridge structure for bridges, in order to solve the technical problem in related technologies where prestressed cable systems suffer repeated bending and fatigue failure due to frequent large longitudinal relative displacements between the main beam and the piers.

[0007] In a first aspect, a negative reaction force control device for a bridge is provided, comprising: a pier, on which a crossbeam is installed, and a tension beam is fixed to the bottom of the crossbeam; a distribution beam supported on the tension beam; and a cable, one end of which is fixed to the distribution beam and the other end of which is fixed to the pier, and a pre-tension force is applied to the cable; the tension of the cable is transmitted to the tension beam through the distribution beam; and a longitudinal restraint device installed on the pier and fixed to the distribution beam for restricting the movement of the distribution beam along the longitudinal direction of the bridge.

[0008] In some embodiments, the distribution beam is located below the crossbeam, and there is a gap between the distribution beam and the crossbeam; the end of the cable away from the pier passes upward through the distribution beam, and when the distribution beam is installed on the tension beam, the end of the cable away from the pier is stretched to apply a pretension force to the cable.

[0009] In some embodiments, the tension beam has a platform spaced apart from the crossbeam, the platform being located below the crossbeam, and a support is mounted on top of the platform. The distribution beam is supported on the tension beam by the support, and the support allows the tension beam to move horizontally relative to the distribution beam.

[0010] In some embodiments, the distribution beam and the tension beam are symmetrically arranged along the vertical centerline of the crossbeam. At least two supports are provided, also symmetrically arranged along the vertical centerline of the crossbeam, with the two supports distributed on opposite sides of the cable. The crossbeam has opposite sides in the transverse direction. When the negative reaction forces on opposite sides of the crossbeam are equal, the cable is symmetrically arranged along the vertical centerline of the crossbeam. When the negative reaction forces on opposite sides of the crossbeam are unequal, the side with the larger negative reaction force is defined as side A, and the cable's centerline is positioned closer to side A of the crossbeam.

[0011] In some embodiments, the bridge pier includes, from bottom to top, a foundation, a cap, and a support, with the crossbeam installed above the support; the end of the cable away from the crossbeam is fixed to the cap.

[0012] In some embodiments, an abutment is installed on the pier; the longitudinal restraint device includes: a breast wall anchoring structure embedded in the abutment; and a splicing plate that fixes the breast wall anchoring structure and the distribution beam along the longitudinal direction of the bridge.

[0013] In some embodiments, the distribution beam has a through hole corresponding to the cable, the inner diameter of the through hole being larger than the outer diameter of the cable, and the end of the cable near the crossbeam is detachably installed on the distribution beam; the pier is provided with an anchoring device corresponding to the cable, and the end of the cable away from the crossbeam is detachably installed on the anchoring device.

[0014] In some embodiments, one end of the anchoring device is integrally cast with the pier, and the anchoring device is also fixed to the pier by shear members.

[0015] In some embodiments, the crossbeam has adjustment holes corresponding to the cable, the adjustment holes being used to place jacks to adjust the pretension of the cable.

[0016] Secondly, a bridge structure is provided, which includes a beam, and both ends of the beam are provided with the aforementioned negative reaction force control device for the bridge.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided by this invention include:

[0018] This invention provides a negative reaction force control device and bridge structure for bridges. A crossbeam is fixed to the pier, and a tension beam is fixed below the crossbeam. The tension beam moves with the bridge body and provides counterweight to the bridge body to a certain extent, reducing the impact of the negative reaction force. A distribution beam is provided, on which pre-tensioned cables are installed. The distribution beam is installed above the tension beam to transfer the tension force of the cables to the tension beam. Under the action of the cables, the negative reaction force generated by the bridge body can be offset, preventing the bridge body from detaching from the bridge supports. Simultaneously, a longitudinal constraint device restricts the longitudinal movement of the distribution beam. When longitudinal relative displacement occurs between the bridge body and the pier, the longitudinal constraint device ensures that the cables only bear vertical forces and not bending moments, reducing the risk of cable breakage. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a negative reaction force control device for a bridge provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 Provided for embodiments of the present invention Figure 1 Cross-sectional view along the middle BB direction;

[0022] Figure 3 An enlarged structural schematic diagram of the distribution beam of a negative reaction force control device for a bridge provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of CC;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a bridge structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Pier; 2. Crossbeam; 3. Tension beam; 4. Distribution beam; 5. Cable; 6. Platform; 7. Support; 8. Foundation; 9. Abutment; 10. Pier; 11. Through hole; 12. Anchorage device; 13. Shear member; 14. Abutment; 15. Adjustment hole; 16. Longitudinal restraint device; 161. Breast wall anchorage structure; 162. Splice plate. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] This invention provides a negative reaction force control device and bridge structure for bridges, which can solve the technical problem in related technologies where prestressed cable schemes suffer repeated bending and fatigue failure due to frequent large longitudinal relative displacements between the main beam and the pier.

[0028] See Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a negative reaction force control device for a bridge, which may include: a pier 1, on which a crossbeam 2 may be installed, and a tension beam 3 may be fixed to the bottom of the crossbeam 2; a distribution beam 4, which may be supported on the tension beam 3; and a cable 5, one end of which may be fixed to the distribution beam 4 and the other end of which may be fixed to the pier 1, and a pre-tension force may be applied to the cable 5; the tension of the cable 5 may be transmitted to the tension beam 3 through the distribution beam 4. In this embodiment, the tension beam 3 is fixed to the crossbeam 2 by bolts. In other embodiments, it may also be fixed to the bottom of the crossbeam 2 by welding or integral concrete casting, that is, The tension of the cable 5 is used to apply tension to the tension beam 3. This tension ensures that the crossbeam 2 will not detach from the bridge support due to upward force. On one hand, the tension beam 3 provides counterweight to the crossbeam 2 through its own weight, reducing the negative reaction force of the bridge. On the other hand, compared to eliminating the negative reaction force through counterweighting, this invention directly constrains the crossbeam 2 with tension, resulting in a clearer force distribution. Since counterweighting generally requires pouring counterweight concrete or placing counterweight steel ingots at the side piers or auxiliary piers, this invention does not use counterweighting, reducing concrete usage and costs. It also solves the problem that some bridges cannot use counterweighting due to their structural limitations. The tension of the cable 5 is transmitted to the tension beam 3 through the distribution beam 4, which is supported by the tension beam 3 rather than fixed to it. When the tension beam 3 moves horizontally with the crossbeam 2, the tension beam 3 can also move horizontally relative to the distribution beam 4. Compared to fixing the cable 5 to the crossbeam 2, fixing the cable 5 to the distribution beam 4, with the tension beam 3 bearing the tension, increases the stress-bearing area of ​​the crossbeam 2, avoiding damage to the crossbeam 2 due to concentrated tension. By adjusting the position of the cable 5 on the distribution beam 4, the tension of the cable 5 can be redistributed to the tension beam 3 to adapt to the uneven stress on the crossbeam 2 in the transverse direction of the bridge. The cable 5 can be a parallel wire cable, a steel strand cable, or a rigid tie rod, etc.

[0029] See Figure 2 As shown, the negative reaction force control device also includes a longitudinal restraint device 16, which is installed on the pier 1 and fixed to the distribution beam 4 to restrict the movement of the distribution beam 4 along the longitudinal direction of the bridge. In this embodiment, the function of the longitudinal restraint device 16 is to restrict the longitudinal movement of the distribution beam 4. Since the beam will undergo longitudinal displacement under the action of loads such as temperature or live load, and the cable 5 cannot withstand bending moment, otherwise the cable 5 is prone to breakage, the longitudinal restraint device can restrict the longitudinal movement of the distribution beam 4 to ensure that the cable 5 only bears vertical force.

[0030] See Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, preferably, the distribution beam 4 can be located below the crossbeam 2, and there can be a gap between the distribution beam 4 and the crossbeam 2; the end of the cable 5 away from the pier 1 can pass upward through the distribution beam 4. After the distribution beam 4 is installed on the tension beam 3, the end of the cable 5 away from the pier 1 can be stretched to apply pretension to the cable 5. That is, the distribution beam 4 is supported by the tension beam 3, and after the cable 5 is installed on the distribution beam 4, pretension is applied to the cable 5. Since the end of the cable 5 away from the pier 1 extends out of the distribution beam 4, there is no... Whether the cable 5 is stretched at pier 1 or distribution beam 4, there is a flat surface that allows tools such as jacks to be placed on it. This avoids the fact that since the cable 5 is fixed to the bottom of the distribution beam 4, it is not only relatively difficult to install, but also inconvenient to adjust the pretension of the cable 5 at the distribution beam 4. The distribution beam 4 is installed first, and then the pretension of the cable 5 is applied. Since there is a gap between the distribution beam 4 and the crossbeam 2, the cable 5 can be precisely adjusted on the distribution beam 4 until the appropriate pretension is achieved, and then the cable 5 is fixed to the distribution beam 4.

[0031] See Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, in some optional embodiments, the tension beam 3 may have a platform 6 spaced apart from the crossbeam 2. The platform 6 may be located below the crossbeam 2, and a support 7 may be installed on the top of the platform 6. The distribution beam 4 may be supported on the tension beam 3 by the support 7. The support 7 allows the tension beam 3 to move horizontally relative to the distribution beam 4. In this embodiment, the tension beam 3 consists of two independent L-shaped tension beams 3 with the platforms 6 on top of them arranged opposite each other. In other embodiments, the tension beam 3 may also be a single unit, with a platform 6 spaced apart from the distribution beam 4 in the middle of the tension beam 3. A support 7 is installed on the top of the platform 6, allowing the tension beam 3 to move horizontally relative to the distribution beam 4. That is, when the beam is displaced due to live load or temperature changes, the support 7 between the tension beam 3 and the distribution beam 4 prevents the distribution beam 4 from moving with the tension beam 3. The support 7 only transmits vertical forces, reducing the horizontal force of the crossbeam 2 transmitted to the distribution beam 4, thus reducing the risk of the cable 5 being damaged by bending moment due to the influence of horizontal forces.

[0032] See Figure 2As shown, preferably, both the distribution beam 4 and the tension beam 3 can be symmetrically arranged along the vertical centerline of the crossbeam 2. At least two supports 7 can be provided, also symmetrically arranged along the vertical centerline of the crossbeam 2, and the two supports 7 can be distributed on opposite sides of the cable 5. The crossbeam 2 has opposite sides in the transverse direction. When the negative reaction forces on opposite sides of the crossbeam 2 are equal, the cable 5 is symmetrically arranged along the vertical centerline of the crossbeam 2. When the negative reaction forces on opposite sides of the crossbeam 2 are unequal, the side with the larger negative reaction force is defined as side A. The cable action centerline of the cable 5 can be biased towards side A of the crossbeam 2. That is, the distribution beam 4 and the tension beam 3 are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the crossbeam 2, and the vertical centerline of the cable 5 is close to the crossbeam 2. According to the lever theorem, when cable 5 is placed on the left side of distribution beam 4, distribution beam 4 will transfer more tension to tension beam 3 on the left side. The effect of eliminating negative reaction force on the left side of crossbeam 2 will be greater than that on the right side. By setting the center line of cable 5 closer to the side of crossbeam 2 with greater negative reaction force, the tension of cable 5 can be reasonably distributed, ensuring the elimination of negative reaction force when crossbeam 2 is subjected to uneven force. When the negative reaction force on both sides of crossbeam 2 is the same, the vertical center line of cable 5 coincides with the vertical center line of crossbeam 2, and the tension on tension beams 3 on both sides is equal. The different stress conditions of crossbeam 2 can be adapted by shifting the center line of cable 5 laterally.

[0033] See Figure 1 As shown, in some optional embodiments, the pier 1 includes, from bottom to top, a foundation 8, a cap 9, and a support 10. The crossbeam 2 can be installed above the support 10. The end of the cable 5 away from the crossbeam 2 can be fixed to the cap 9. In this embodiment, the foundation 8 is a column foundation fixed to the ground. The crossbeam 2 is supported above the support 10 by a bridge bearing. The bridge bearing is a compression bearing, which allows the crossbeam 2 to move horizontally. The end of the cable 5 away from the crossbeam 2 is fixed to the cap 9 instead of the foundation 8. This saves the length of the cable 5 and reduces costs. At the same time, the tension of the cable 5 acts on the cap 9. Under the condition that the cap 9 is subjected to a constant downward pressure, the tension of the cable 5 offsets part of the downward force, thereby reducing the pressure that the cap 9 needs to bear as a whole and reducing the vertical load of the cap 9. This can appropriately reduce the amount of concrete poured for the cap 9 and reduce the project cost.

[0034] See Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, in some optional embodiments, a bridge abutment 14 is installed on the pier 9; the longitudinal restraint device 16 includes: a breast wall anchoring structure 161, which is pre-embedded in the bridge abutment 14; and a splicing plate 162, which fixes the breast wall anchoring structure 161 and the distribution beam 4 along the longitudinal direction of the bridge. That is, in this embodiment, the bridge abutment 14, the longitudinal restraint device 16, and the distribution beam 4 are arranged sequentially along the longitudinal direction of the beam. The bridge abutment 14 is provided with a breast wall to fix the longitudinal restraint device 16. The breast wall anchoring structure 161 can be embedded in the breast wall first. After the prestressed cables 5 are tensioned, the splicing plate 162 is installed to fix the breast wall anchoring structure 161 and the distribution beam 4 along the longitudinal direction of the bridge, thereby locking the longitudinal displacement of the distribution beam 4. By restricting the movement of the distribution beam 4 in the longitudinal direction by the longitudinal restraint device 16, when the crossbeam 2 moves longitudinally with the beam body under live load or temperature changes, the distribution beam 4 cannot move longitudinally under the restriction of the longitudinal restraint device 16, thus avoiding the cable 5 from being damaged by bending moment due to the longitudinal displacement of the beam body.

[0035] See Figure 3 As shown, in some optional embodiments, the distribution beam 4 may have through holes 11 corresponding to the cable 5. The inner diameter of the through holes 11 may be larger than the outer diameter of the cable 5. The end of the cable 5 near the crossbeam 2 is detachably installed on the distribution beam 4. The pier 1 may be provided with anchoring devices 12 corresponding to the cable 5. The end of the cable 5 away from the crossbeam 2 is detachably installed on the anchoring device 12. That is to say, both ends of the cable 5 are detachable. When one end of the distribution beam 4 is installed or removed, the cable 5 can pass through the through holes 11 in the distribution beam 4 without damaging the main body of the distribution beam 4. Since one end of the pier 1 has an anchoring device 12 extending out of the pier 1, the concrete main body of the pier 1 will not be damaged during the replacement of the cable 5. Therefore, the replacement of the cable 5 can be completed without damaging the concrete structure, which facilitates the subsequent maintenance and adjustment of the negative reaction device.

[0036] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, preferably, one end of the anchoring device 12 is cast integrally with the pier 1, and the anchoring device 12 can also be fixed to the pier 1 by a shear member 13. To ensure a tight and reliable connection between the anchoring device 12 and the pier 1, and to prevent the cable 5 from detaching from the pier 1 during use, a shear member 13 is provided on the anchoring device 12. The shear member 13 can be made of shear studs, reinforcing bars, or structural steel, etc.

[0037] See Figure 2As shown, in some optional embodiments, the crossbeam 2 may have an adjustment hole 15 corresponding to the cable 5. The adjustment hole 15 can be used to place a jack to adjust the pretension of the cable 5. In this embodiment, one end of the adjustment hole 15 is connected to the bottom of the crossbeam 2 and the other end is connected to the side of the crossbeam 2. The jack is sent to the top of the cable 5 through the hole on the side of the crossbeam 2 to adjust the pretension of the cable 5. By setting the adjustment hole 15, the crossbeam 2 and the distribution beam 4 can be as close as possible in height, which is beneficial to reducing the vertical height of the tension beam 3.

[0038] See Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment of the invention also provides a bridge structure, which includes a beam body, with the aforementioned negative reaction force control device for the bridge installed at both ends of the beam body. Specifically, two piers 1 are installed below the beam body, and the piers 1 can be located at opposite ends of the beam body along the longitudinal direction. Each pier 1 is connected to the beam body by a crossbeam 2, a tension beam 3, a distribution beam 4, and a cable 5, so that the opposite ends of the beam body along the longitudinal direction are connected to the piers 1 via the crossbeam 2, tension beam 3, distribution beam 4, and cable 5, respectively. In other words, the beam body has a crossbeam 2, distribution beam 4, tension beam 3, pier 1, and cable 5 installed at both ends along the longitudinal direction. Since the possibility of negative reaction force is relatively high at the beginning and end of the beam body, i.e., at the side piers, the cable 5 is placed there to minimize the impact of the bridge's negative reaction force.

[0039] The principle of the negative reaction force control device and bridge structure for bridges provided in this embodiment of the invention is as follows:

[0040] Because a crossbeam 2 is fixed to pier 1, and a tension beam 3 is fixed below the crossbeam 2, the tension beam 3 moves together with the crossbeam 2, and at the same time provides counterweight to the beam to a certain extent, reducing the impact of the bridge's negative reaction force. Due to the presence of a distribution beam 4, on which a pre-tensioned cable 5 is installed, and because the distribution beam 4 is installed above the tension beam 3, the tension of the cable 5 is transferred to the tension beam 3. Under the action of the cable 5, the negative reaction force generated by the bridge can be offset, preventing the beam from detaching from the bridge supports. Compared with the traditional counterweight method, this method has a simpler structure and clearer stress distribution, requires simpler modifications to the main bridge structure, and reduces concrete consumption costs. Furthermore, because one end of the cable 5 is installed on the distribution beam 4 and the other end is fixed to pier 1, the cable... Cable 5 can be independent of crossbeam 2, and does not need to be horizontally displaced with the crossbeam due to temperature or live load, thus avoiding bending moment in cable 5 and extending its service life. When the pretension of cable 5 needs to be adjusted, only cable 5 needs to be adjusted, without adjusting the beam, reducing beam damage. Furthermore, the distribution beam 4 enables reasonable distribution of tension in cable 5, which can adapt to the elimination of negative reaction forces under uneven negative reaction forces on both sides of the beam. Therefore, it can not only eliminate the influence of negative reaction forces on the bridge, but also reduce the amount of concrete used, thus reducing costs. In addition, cable 5 is not directly fixed to crossbeam 2, which extends the service life of cable 5 and facilitates the adjustment of the pretension of cable 5, and can also solve the complex situation of uneven force on both sides of the transverse bridge.

[0041] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0042] It should be noted that in this invention, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0043] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A negative reaction force control device for bridges, characterized in that, It includes: A bridge pier (1) is provided with a crossbeam (2) installed on the bridge pier (1) and a tension beam (3) is fixed to the bottom of the crossbeam (2). Distribution beam (4), the distribution beam (4) is supported on the tension beam (3), the distribution beam (4) is located below the crossbeam (2), and there is a gap between the distribution beam (4) and the crossbeam (2); And a cable (5), one end of which is fixed to the distribution beam (4) and the other end is fixed to the pier (1), and a pretension force is applied to the cable (5). The end of the cable (5) away from the pier (1) passes upward through the distribution beam (4). When the distribution beam (4) is installed on the tension beam (3), the end of the cable (5) away from the pier (1) is stretched, and a pretension force is applied to the cable (5). The bridge pier (1) includes, from bottom to top, a foundation (8), a pile cap (9) and a support pier (10). A bridge abutment (14) is installed on the pile cap (9), and the crossbeam (2) is installed above the support pier (10). The end of the cable (5) away from the crossbeam (2) is fixed to the pile cap (9). The tension of the cable (5) is transmitted to the tension beam (3) through the distribution beam (4); A longitudinal restraint device (16) is installed on the pier (1) and fixed to the distribution beam (4) to restrict the movement of the distribution beam (4) along the longitudinal direction of the bridge. The longitudinal restraint device (16) includes a breast wall anchorage structure (161) which is embedded in the abutment (14). And splicing plate (162), which fixes the breast wall anchoring structure (161) and the distribution beam (4) along the longitudinal direction of the bridge.

2. The negative reaction force control device for bridges as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The tension beam (3) has a platform (6) spaced apart from the crossbeam (2), the platform (6) is located below the crossbeam (2), and a support (7) is installed on the top of the platform (6). The distribution beam (4) is supported on the tension beam (3) by the support (7), and the support (7) allows the tension beam (3) to move horizontally relative to the distribution beam (4).

3. The negative reaction force control device for bridges as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The distribution beam (4) and the tension beam (3) are symmetrically arranged along the vertical center line of the crossbeam (2). There are at least two supports (7), which are symmetrically arranged along the vertical center line of the crossbeam (2), and the two supports (7) are distributed on opposite sides of the cable (5). The crossbeam (2) has two opposite sides in the transverse direction. When the negative reaction forces on the opposite sides of the crossbeam (2) are equal, the cable (5) is arranged symmetrically along the vertical center line of the crossbeam (2). When the negative reaction forces on the opposite sides of the crossbeam (2) are unequal, the side with the larger negative reaction force is defined as side A, and the cable action center line of the cable (5) is set closer to side A of the crossbeam (2).

4. The negative reaction force control device for bridges as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The distribution beam (4) has a through hole (11) corresponding to the cable (5). The inner diameter of the through hole (11) is larger than the outer diameter of the cable (5). The end of the cable (5) near the crossbeam (2) is detachably installed on the distribution beam (4). The pier (1) is provided with an anchoring device (12) corresponding to the cable (5), and the end of the cable (5) away from the crossbeam (2) is detachably installed on the anchoring device (12).

5. The negative reaction force control device for bridges as described in claim 4, characterized in that: One end of the anchoring device (12) is cast integrally with the pier (1), and the anchoring device (12) is also fixed to the pier (1) by a shear member (13).

6. The negative reaction force control device for bridges as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The crossbeam (2) has an adjustment hole (15) corresponding to the cable (5), and the adjustment hole (15) is used to place a jack to adjust the pretension of the cable (5).

7. A bridge structure, characterized in that, It includes a beam, and both ends of the beam are provided with a negative reaction force control device for the bridge as described in claim 1.

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