A downhole three-channel integrated blowout preventer

Abstract

The application discloses a downhole three-channel integrated blowout preventer, and relates to the technical field of oil and gas drilling engineering. The downhole three-channel integrated blowout preventer comprises an upper joint pipe and a lower joint pipe. The bottom of the upper joint pipe is connected with a mounting pipe. The bottom of the mounting pipe is connected with the lower joint pipe. The top of the lower joint pipe is provided with a matched pipe matched with the mounting pipe. The application utilizes the function of the air pressure detector to detect pressure change. When the pressure exceeds a safety value, the air supply assembly is started to supply air between the movable pipe and the outer sleeve. The air first enters into the buffer air bag. The other end of the air supply assembly generates suction and acts on the pneumatic pusher to pull out the corresponding arc-shaped block, so that the sealing plate loses pressure. At this time, the gas in the buffer air bag and the gas supplied by the air supply assembly are rapidly flushed into the cavity between the movable pipe and the outer sleeve, the annular piston is matched, the movable pipe is moved upwards, and the movable pipe serves as power to complete the work.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of oil and gas drilling engineering, in particular to a downhole three-channel integrated blowout preventer. BACKGROUND

[0002] Compared with the traditional drilling technology, the double-pipe drilling technology has the advantages of low drilling cost, high drilling efficiency, continuous sampling without pollution, etc., so it is widely used in resource exploitation such as geothermal development, coal development, deepwater oil and gas development, hydrological well drilling, natural gas exploitation, etc. Unlike conventional drilling, double-pipe drilling has three channels, namely the inner pipe channel, the annular channel between the inner and outer pipes, and the outer annular channel between the double-layer drill pipe and the well wall. Double-gradient drilling and reverse circulation drilling are two typical applications of double-pipe drilling, which have similar medium flow principles. Typically, drilling fluid is injected from the borehole through the annular channel between the inner and outer pipes of the double-pipe, reaches the bottom of the well, carries the cuttings through the drill bit into the drill string, realizes the drilling fluid carrying rock, and then returns to the surface through the double-pipe inner pipe channel in a reverse direction.

[0003] During double-pipe drilling operation, well invasion, overflow and other downhole complex situations may occur when drilling shallow gas and reservoirs. If the downhole complex situation cannot be quickly controlled in the early stage, it may cause blowout and other dangerous accidents, causing loss of life and property and pollution of the environment and ecology. The downhole blowout preventer is the key barrier to timely control of blowout accidents. There are currently downhole blowout preventers that can be applied to double-pipe drilling.

[0004] However, the existing downhole blowout preventer, when used, utilizes the opposite flow direction of the downhole blowout preventer when an accident occurs, resulting in a larger pressure at the large-diameter end of the variable-diameter section than at the small-diameter end, thereby forming a pressure drop and generating an upward thrust in the variable-diameter section, which serves as a power source to cause the valve to lose pressure and complete closure. When used normally, the downhole blowout preventer has a normal flow direction, thereby generating an opposite thrust to open the valve and allow the downhole blowout preventer to open and function normally.

[0005] However, after the above mechanism, when it normally performs cuttings removal, the inside and outside of the variable-diameter section of the downhole blowout preventer are in a stepped shape, so that when the variable-diameter section is completely closed, cuttings will fall into the gap. Over a long period of use, the cuttings will increase, making it impossible for the valve to be automatically pushed open, thereby causing blockage and preventing the blowout preventer from functioning normally. SUMMARY

[0006] Based on this, the purpose of the present application is to provide a downhole three-channel integrated blowout preventer to solve the technical problem that when the existing technology normally removes the debris, the inside and outside of the reducing section in the downhole blowout preventer are ladder-shaped, so that when the reducing section is completely closed, the debris falls into the gap, and over a long period of use, the debris becomes more and more, so that the valve cannot be automatically opened, thereby causing the blowout preventer to be unable to be normally used.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a downhole three-channel integrated blowout preventer, comprising an upper joint pipe and a lower joint pipe, the bottom of the upper joint pipe is connected with a mounting pipe, the bottom of the mounting pipe is connected with the lower joint pipe, the top of the lower joint pipe is provided with a matching pipe matched with the mounting pipe, the inside of the mounting pipe is provided with a movable pipe matched with the matching pipe, the outside of the movable pipe is welded with an outer sleeve, and a cavity is arranged between the movable pipe and the outer sleeve, the outer sleeve is slidably connected with the mounting pipe and the matching pipe, the top of the matching pipe is fixedly connected with an annular piston located in the inside of the outer sleeve, the inside of the inner wall of the mounting pipe is provided with a support assembly, the outside of the matching pipe and the inner wall of the mounting pipe are provided with a transmission assembly matched with the support assembly, the inside of the inner wall of the mounting pipe is uniformly provided with a fixed assembly matched with the support assembly, the outside of the mounting pipe is provided with a sleeve seat, the outside of the sleeve seat is symmetrically provided with a pneumatic pusher, the output ends of the pneumatic pushers are provided with arc blocks, the top of the outside of the movable pipe is provided with a sealing plate, the bottom of the matching pipe is provided with a valve, and the outside of the mounting pipe is provided with a gas supply assembly in communication with the pneumatic pusher and the cavity respectively.

[0008] By adopting the above technical scheme, the pressure change is detected by using the function of the air pressure detector, when the safety value is exceeded, the gas supply assembly is started, the gas is supplied between the movable pipe and the outer sleeve, first enters the buffer air bag, and the other end of the gas supply assembly generates suction and acts on the pneumatic pusher, so that the corresponding arc block is pulled out, so that the sealing plate loses pressure, at this time, the gas in the buffer air bag and the gas supplied by the gas supply assembly rapidly rush into the cavity between the movable pipe and the outer sleeve, cooperate with the annular piston, and the movable pipe moves upward, which serves as the power to drive the transmission assembly to work, so that the corresponding screw rotates, moves the support assembly, supports the movable pipe, energizes the self-locking assembly, fixes and supports the annular moving plate, and at the same time, when the normal use is restored, the self-locking assembly is de-energized, so that the annular moving plate is loosened, and the reverse action of the above structure is used to drive the corresponding arc block to move, and at the same time, the movable pipe moves downward, when the sealing plate falls into the placing groove, the arc block is combined on the outside under the action of the matched buffer air bag, the upper and lower channels of the whole blowout preventer are smooth and complete, so that the blowout preventer is prevented from being blocked, and the service life of the whole equipment is greatly improved.

[0009] The application is further provided with the air supply component, which comprises an air supply device, buffer air bags, a first communication pipe and a second communication pipe, a controller and an air pressure detector, the outer side of the installation pipe is provided with the air supply device, the outer side of the air supply device is respectively provided with two groups of buffer air bags, the air supply device is respectively connected with the first communication pipe and the second communication pipe through the buffer air bags, and the first communication pipe and the second communication pipe are respectively communicated with the pneumatic pusher and the cavity, the inner wall bottom end of the lower joint pipe is provided with the air pressure detector, and the outer side of the air supply device is provided with the controller.

[0010] By using the controller and the air pressure detector, the change of the air pressure at the well bottom can be detected, the controller is used to control the air supply device, and the buffer air bags, the first communication pipe and the second communication pipe are used for transmission and movement, so as to facilitate subsequent use.

[0011] The application is further provided with the air supply component, which comprises an air supply device, buffer air bags, a first communication pipe and a second communication pipe, a controller and an air pressure detector, the outer side of the installation pipe is provided with the air supply device, the outer side of the air supply device is respectively provided with two groups of buffer air bags, the air supply device is respectively connected with the first communication pipe and the second communication pipe through the buffer air bags, and the first communication pipe and the second communication pipe are respectively communicated with the pneumatic pusher and the cavity, the inner wall bottom end of the lower joint pipe is provided with the air pressure detector, and the outer side of the air supply device is provided with the controller.

[0012] By using the second sliding groove and the first sliding groove, the outer sleeve can be guided, and the transmission assembly and the supporting assembly can be installed, so as to complete the work.

[0013] The application is further provided with the air supply component, which comprises an air supply device, buffer air bags, a first communication pipe and a second communication pipe, a controller and an air pressure detector, the outer side of the installation pipe is provided with the air supply device, the outer side of the air supply device is respectively provided with two groups of buffer air bags, the air supply device is respectively connected with the first communication pipe and the second communication pipe through the buffer air bags, and the first communication pipe and the second communication pipe are respectively communicated with the pneumatic pusher and the cavity, the inner wall bottom end of the lower joint pipe is provided with the air pressure detector, and the outer side of the air supply device is provided with the controller.

[0014] By using the ring-shaped moving plate, the supporting rod and the supporting plate, the sliding block and the outer sleeve can be supported and kept stable.

[0015] The application is further provided with the air supply component, which comprises an air supply device, buffer air bags, a first communication pipe and a second communication pipe, a controller and an air pressure detector, the outer side of the installation pipe is provided with the air supply device, the outer side of the air supply device is respectively provided with two groups of buffer air bags, the air supply device is respectively connected with the first communication pipe and the second communication pipe through the buffer air bags, and the first communication pipe and the second communication pipe are respectively communicated with the pneumatic pusher and the cavity, the inner wall bottom end of the lower joint pipe is provided with the air pressure detector, and the outer side of the air supply device is provided with the controller.

[0016] By using the screw rod, the double-end gear shaft, the worm gear, the tooth plate and the groove and the guide through groove, the supporting assembly can be driven to move, so as to complete the subsequent work.

[0017] The fixing assembly comprises a coil iron block, a magnetic support column and a restoring spring, the inner wall of the mounting pipe is uniformly provided with a plurality of mounting grooves, one end of the mounting groove is provided with a coil iron block, the outer side of the coil iron block is connected with a restoring spring, and the coil iron block is connected with the magnetic support column extending into the first sliding groove through the restoring spring.

[0018] By adopting the above technical scheme, the coil iron block, the magnetic support column and the restoring spring are used to fix the support assembly, so as to complete the work.

[0019] The inner part of the sleeve is provided with a guide groove matched with the arc-shaped block, and the inner bottom of the sleeve is provided with a placing groove matched with the sealing plate.

[0020] By adopting the above technical scheme, the guide groove is used to leave space for the movement of the arc-shaped block and avoid interference, and the placing groove is used to place and limit the sealing plate, so as to complete the work.

[0021] In summary, the present application has the following advantages: when well invasion, overflow and other dangerous working conditions occur during drilling, the internal pressure will change, at this time, the gas pressure detector is used to detect the pressure change, when the safety value is exceeded, the gas supply assembly is started, the gas is supplied between the movable pipe and the outer sleeve, first into the buffer gas bag, and the other end of the gas supply assembly produces suction and acts on the pneumatic pusher, so that the corresponding arc-shaped block is pulled out, the sealing plate loses pressure, the gas in the buffer gas bag and the gas supplied by the gas supply assembly quickly rush into the cavity between the movable pipe and the outer sleeve, cooperate with the annular piston, so that the movable pipe moves upward, as a power, drives the transmission assembly to work, so that the corresponding screw rotates, moves the support assembly, supports the movable pipe, makes the self-locking assembly electrified, fixes and supports the annular moving plate, at the same time, when the normal use is restored, the self-locking assembly is de-energized, so that the annular moving plate is loosened, and the reverse action of the above structure is used to drive the corresponding arc-shaped block to move, at the same time, the movable pipe moves downward, when the sealing plate falls into the placing groove, the arc-shaped block is combined on the outer side under the action of the matched buffer gas bag, the upper and lower passages of the whole blowout device are smooth and complete, so as to avoid the blockage of the blowout device, and greatly improve the service life of the whole equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is an external structure diagram of the present application;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a sectional structure diagram of the present application;

[0024] Figure 3 A close-up view of A in the present application Figure 2

[0025] Figure 4 A cutaway perspective view of the present application

[0026] Figure 5 A close-up view of B in the present application Figure 4

[0027] Figure 6 A partial cutaway top view of the present application

[0028] Figure 7 An internal structure view of the present application

[0029] Figure 8 A close-up view of C in the present application Figure 7

[0030] In the figure: 1, upper joint pipe; 2, mounting pipe; 3, lower joint pipe; 4, movable pipe; 5, matching pipe; 6, gas supplier; 7, buffer air bag; 8, first communication pipe; 9, pneumatic pusher; 10, second communication pipe; 11, arc block; 12, sealing plate; 13, placing groove; 14, outer sleeve; 15, annular piston; 16, valve; 17, support plate; 18, support rod; 19, annular moving plate; 20, screw rod; 21, first sliding groove; 22, second sliding groove; 23, sliding block; 24, worm; 25, double-end gear shaft; 26, guide through slot; 27, groove; 28, gear plate; 29, air pressure detector; 30, controller; 31, coil-equipped iron block; 32, magnetic support column; 33, restoring spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application, and cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0032] The embodiments of the present application will be described below according to the overall structure of the present application.

[0033] A downhole three-channel integrated blowout prevention device, like Figures 1-8 ​​​As shown, including the upper joint pipe 1 and lower joint pipe 3, the bottom of the upper joint pipe 1 is connected with the installation pipe 2, the outer side of the installation pipe 2 is provided with the gas supply assembly which is communicated with the pneumatic pusher 9 and the cavity respectively, the pressure change is detected by the action of the gas pressure detector 29, when the safety value is exceeded, the gas supply assembly is started, the gas is supplied between the movable pipe 4 and the outer sleeve 14, first enters into the buffer air bag 7, and the other end of the gas supply assembly produces suction and acts into the pneumatic pusher 9, so that the corresponding arc block 11 is pulled out, so that the sealing plate 12 loses pressure, at this time the gas in the buffer air bag 7 and the gas supplied by the gas supply assembly is quickly flushed into the cavity between the movable pipe 4 and the outer sleeve 14, cooperates with the annular piston 15, so that the movable pipe 4 moves upward, as a power, the bottom of the installation pipe 2 is connected with the lower joint pipe 3, the top of the lower joint pipe 3 is provided with the matching pipe 5 matched with the installation pipe 2, the inside of the installation pipe 2 is provided with the movable pipe 4 matched with the matching pipe 5, the outer side of the movable pipe 4 is welded with the outer sleeve 14, and the cavity is arranged between the movable pipe 4 and the outer sleeve 14, the outer sleeve 14 is slidingly connected between the installation pipe 2 and the matching pipe 5, the top of the matching pipe 5 is fixedly connected with the annular piston 15 located in the inside of the outer sleeve 14, the inside of the inner wall of the installation pipe 2 is provided with the supporting assembly, the outer side of the matching pipe 5 and the inner wall of the installation pipe 2 are provided with the transmission assembly matched with the supporting assembly, the inside of the inner wall of the installation pipe 2 is uniformly provided with the fixed assembly matched with the supporting assembly, drives the transmission assembly to work, so that the corresponding screw 20 rotates, thereby moving the supporting assembly, supporting the movable pipe 4, energizing the self-locking assembly, fixing and supporting the annular moving plate 19, at the same time, when the normal use is restored, the self-locking assembly is de-energized, so that the annular moving plate 19 is loosened, and the reverse action of the above structure drives the corresponding arc block 11 to move, the outer side of the installation pipe 2 is provided with the sleeve, the outer side of the sleeve is symmetrically provided with the pneumatic pusher 9, the output ends of the pneumatic pushers 9 are provided with the arc block 11, the outer side top of the movable pipe 4 is provided with the sealing plate 12, the bottom of the matching pipe 5 is provided with the valve 16, so that the movable pipe 4 moves downward, when the sealing plate 12 falls into the placing groove 13, the arc block 11 is combined on the outer side under the action of the matched buffer air bag 7, so that the up and down channels of the whole blow and drain device are smooth and complete, thereby avoiding the blockage phenomenon of the blow and drain device, and greatly improving the service life of the whole equipment.

[0034] Please refer to Figure 1The air supply assembly includes the air supply 6, the buffer air bag 7, the first communication pipe 8 and the second communication pipe 10, the controller 30 and the air pressure detector 29, the outer side of the installation pipe 2 is provided with the air supply 6, the outer side of the air supply 6 is respectively provided with two sets of buffer air bags 7, the air supply 6 is connected with the first communication pipe 8 and the second communication pipe 10 through the buffer air bags 7 respectively, and the first communication pipe 8 and the second communication pipe 10 are respectively communicated with the pneumatic pusher 9 and the cavity, the inner wall bottom end of the lower joint pipe 3 is provided with the air pressure detector 29, the air pressure change of the well bottom is detected by the controller 30 and the air pressure detector 29, the outer side of the air supply 6 is provided with the controller 30, the air supply 6 is controlled by the controller 30 for use, and the buffer air bags 7, the first communication pipe 8 and the second communication pipe 10 are transmitted, and the movement is completed, so as to cooperate with the subsequent use.

[0035] Please refer to the drawings, the inner wall of the installation pipe 2 is uniformly provided with a plurality of second sliding grooves 22, the outer side of the outer sleeve 14 is provided with a sliding block 23 matched with the second sliding groove 22, the inner wall of the installation pipe 2 is internally provided with a first sliding groove 21 matched with the transmission assembly, the second sliding groove 22 and the first sliding groove 21 are used to guide the outer sleeve 14, and the transmission assembly and the supporting assembly are installed, so as to complete the work.

[0036] Please refer to Figure 3 The supporting assembly includes the annular moving plate 19, the supporting rod 18 and the supporting plate 17, the first sliding groove 21 is internally provided with the annular moving plate 19, the top of the annular moving plate 19 is uniformly provided with a plurality of supporting rods 18 matched with the second sliding groove 22, and the top of the supporting rod 18 is provided with the supporting plate 17, the annular moving plate 19, the supporting rod 18 and the supporting plate 17 are used to support the sliding block 23 and the outer sleeve 14, so as to keep them stable.

[0037] Please refer to Figure 4 And Figure 5 The transmission assembly includes the screw rod 20, the double-head gear shaft 25, the worm wheel 24, the tooth plate 28, the groove 27 and the guide through groove 26, the outer side top of the cooperation pipe 5 is uniformly provided with the groove 27, the inner wall of the first sliding groove 21 is uniformly provided with a plurality of screw rods 20, the outer side bottom of the screw rod 20 is provided with the worm wheel 24, the inner wall of the groove 27 is provided with the double-head gear shaft 25 extending to the first sliding groove 21 and the worm wheel 24, the bottom of the outer sleeve 14 is uniformly connected with the tooth plate 28 matched with the double-head gear shaft 25, the inner wall of the cooperation pipe 5 is provided with the guide through groove 26 extending to the inner wall of the lower joint pipe 3, and the screw rod 20, the double-head gear shaft 25, the worm wheel 24, the tooth plate 28, the groove 27 and the guide through groove 26 are used to drive the supporting assembly to move, so as to complete the subsequent work.

[0038] Please refer to Figure 3The fixed assembly comprises a coil iron block 31, a magnetic support column 32 and a restoring spring 33, a plurality of installation grooves are evenly arranged in the inner wall of the installation pipe 2, the coil iron block 31 is arranged at one end of the installation groove, the restoring spring 33 is connected to the outer side of the coil iron block 31, the magnetic support column 32 extending into the first sliding groove 21 is connected to the coil iron block 31 through the restoring spring 33, and the coil iron block 31, the magnetic support column 32 and the restoring spring 33 are used to fix the support assembly, so that the work is completed.

[0039] Please refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 The inner wall of the sleeve is provided with a guide groove matched with the arc-shaped block 11, the inner bottom of the sleeve is provided with a placing groove 13 matched with the sealing plate 12, the guide groove is used to provide space for the movement of the arc-shaped block 11 and avoid interference, and the placing groove 13 is used to place and limit the sealing plate 12, so that the work is completed.

[0040] The working principle of the present application is as follows: in the normal drilling process, the downhole blowout preventer is in an open state, drilling fluid is pumped from the annulus of the double-layer pipe, the drilling fluid flows into the upper part of the downhole blowout preventer through the upper joint pipe 1 to connect the annulus of the double-layer drill pipe, passes through the movable pipe 4, the installation pipe 2 and the inner wall of the symmetrically designed arc-shaped block 11 to form a channel, and flows into the lower part of the downhole blowout preventer through the annulus of the double-layer drill pipe connected by the lower joint pipe 3 and reaches the bottom of the well, and then the drilling fluid carrying the cuttings returns from the inner pipe channel, when the drilling fluid carrying the cuttings passes through the movable pipe 4 of the downhole blowout preventer, the upper joint pipe 1, the installation pipe 2, the movable pipe 4 and the cooperating pipe 5 and the inner wall of the lower joint pipe 3 are consistent in diameter, so that the movable pipe 4 does not move up and down, so that the valve 16 is supported by the bottom end of the movable pipe 4, and the downhole blowout preventer remains in an open state, and the drilling fluid carrying the cuttings returns from the inner pipe channel to the ground mud system.

[0041] When the dangerous working conditions such as overflow and blowout occur in the drilling process, the pressure at the bottom of the well instantaneously increases, so that the gas pressure detector 29 detects the pressure change, and when the detected pressure exceeds the set safety value, the controller 30 starts the gas supply assembly, that is, the gas supplier 6, and through the first communication pipe 8, the second communication pipe 10 and the buffer air bag 7 matched therewith, it is communicated with the pneumatic pusher 9 and the cavity between the movable pipe 4 and the outer sleeve 14 respectively, and the first communication pipe 8 and the second communication pipe 10 are in and out under the action of the gas supplier 6, that is, when the cavity between the movable pipe 4 and the outer sleeve 14 is supplied with gas, the pneumatic pusher 9 performs the gas suction process, so as to separate the corresponding arc-shaped block 11 and move to both sides until it is separated from the sealing plate 12, at this time, the gas output by the buffer air bag 7 connected with the second communication pipe 10 and the gas supplier 6 enters the cavity between the movable pipe 4 and the outer sleeve 14 together, and under the cooperation of the annular piston 15, it drives the movable pipe 4 and the outer sleeve 14 to move upward until the sealing plate 12 contacts and seals the installation pipe 2, and at the same time, the bottom end of the movable pipe 4 completely enters the matched pipe 5, so that the valve 16 is closed under the action of the connecting shaft and the spring;

[0042] When the movable pipe 4 rises, the tooth plate 28 moves, and because the tooth plate 28 is engaged with the double-headed tooth shaft 25, and the double-headed tooth shaft 25 is engaged with the worm wheel 24 at the bottom of the screw rod 20, (the double-headed tooth shaft 25 has a gear at one end and a worm at the other end), the screw rod 20 rotates, thus driving the annular moving plate 19 to move upward, thereby driving the support rod 18 and the support plate 17 to rise, when the annular moving plate 19 contacts the top of the first sliding groove 21, the support plate 17 contacts the sliding block 23 and triggers the contactor to send a signal, so that the controller 30 controls the energization of the coil iron block 31 to generate the same magnetic pole, and uses the same magnetic repulsion and different magnetic attraction principle to pop up the corresponding magnetic support column 32 and support the annular moving plate 19, thereby fixing and supporting the sliding block 23 and the movable pipe 4, to avoid the phenomenon that the valve 16 is opened and closed at different times;

[0043] Then, when an accident occurs, the coil iron block 31 is only de-energized, and under the action of the restoring spring 33 and the magnetism, the magnetic support column 32 is separated from the lower side of the annular moving plate 19, so that the annular moving plate 19 loses the supporting force, and cooperates with the action of the gas pressure detector 29 to reversely start the gas supply assembly, so as to open the valve 16 in the opposite principle, and make the two symmetrical arc-shaped blocks 11 abut against each other to complete the outside merging, so that the up and down passages of the whole blowout device are smooth and complete, thereby avoiding the phenomenon that the blowout device is blocked, and greatly improving the service life of the whole equipment.

[0044] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, the specific embodiments are merely exemplary and are not to be construed as limiting the present application, and the described specific features, structures, materials or characteristics can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner, and those skilled in the art can make modifications, replacements and variations to the embodiments without creative contribution after reading the specification, and as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present application, they are protected by the patent law.

Claims

1. A downhole three-channel integrated blowout preventer device, comprising an upper adapter pipe (1) and a lower adapter pipe (3), characterized in that: The bottom of the upper joint pipe (1) is connected with a mounting pipe (2), the bottom of the mounting pipe (2) is connected with a lower joint pipe (3), the top of the lower joint pipe (3) is provided with a matching pipe (5) matched with the mounting pipe (2), the inside of the mounting pipe (2) is provided with a movable pipe (4) matched with the matching pipe (5), the outside of the movable pipe (4) is welded with an outer sleeve (14), and a cavity is arranged between the movable pipe (4) and the outer sleeve (14), the outer sleeve (14) is connected with the mounting pipe (2) and the matching pipe (5) in a sliding manner, the top of the matching pipe (5) is fixedly connected with an annular piston (15) located in the outer sleeve (14), the inner wall of the mounting pipe (2) is provided with a supporting assembly, the outer side of the matching pipe (5) and the inner wall of the mounting pipe (2) are provided with a transmission assembly matched with the supporting assembly, the inner wall of the mounting pipe (2) is uniformly provided with a fixing assembly matched with the supporting assembly, the outer side of the mounting pipe (2) is provided with a sleeve seat, the outer side of the sleeve seat is symmetrically provided with a pneumatic pusher (9), the output ends of the pneumatic pusher (9) are provided with arc blocks (11), the top of the outside of the movable pipe (4) is provided with a sealing plate (12), the bottom of the matching pipe (5) is provided with a valve (16), and the outer side of the mounting pipe (2) is provided with a gas supply assembly in communication with the pneumatic pusher (9) and the cavity respectively; the inside of the sleeve seat is provided with a guide groove matched with the arc block (11), and the inside of the sleeve seat is provided with a placing groove (13) matched with the sealing plate (12).

2. The downhole three-pass integrated blowout preventer of claim 1, wherein: The gas supply assembly comprises a gas supplier (6), a buffer air bag (7), a first communication pipe (8) and a second communication pipe (10), a controller (30) and a gas pressure detector (29), the outer side of the mounting pipe (2) is provided with the gas supplier (6), the outer side of the gas supplier (6) is provided with two groups of buffer air bags (7), the gas supplier (6) is connected with the first communication pipe (8) and the second communication pipe (10) through the buffer air bags (7), and the first communication pipe (8) and the second communication pipe (10) are in communication with the pneumatic pusher (9) and the cavity respectively, the inner wall of the lower joint pipe (3) is provided with the gas pressure detector (29), and the outer side of the gas supplier (6) is provided with the controller (30).

3. The downhole three-pass integrated blowout preventer of claim 1, wherein: The inner wall of the mounting pipe (2) is uniformly provided with a plurality of second sliding grooves (22), the outside of the outer sleeve (14) is provided with a sliding block (23) matched with the second sliding groove (22), and the inner wall of the mounting pipe (2) is provided with a first sliding groove (21) matched with the transmission assembly.

4. The downhole three-pass integrated blowout preventer of claim 3, wherein: The supporting assembly comprises an annular moving plate (19), a supporting rod (18) and a supporting plate (17), the inside of the first sliding groove (21) is provided with the annular moving plate (19), the top of the annular moving plate (19) is uniformly provided with a plurality of supporting rods (18) matched with the second sliding groove (22), and the top of the supporting rod (18) is provided with the supporting plate (17).

5. The downhole three-pass integrated blowout preventer of claim 3, wherein: Said transmission assembly includes screw rod (20), double-end gear shaft (25), worm gear (24), toothed plate (28) and groove (27) and guide through slot (26), the outer side top of the matching pipe (5) is uniformly provided with groove (27), the inside of the first sliding groove (21) is uniformly provided with multiple groups of screw rod (20), the outside bottom of the screw rod (20) is provided with worm gear (24), the inside of the groove (27) is provided with double-end gear shaft (25) extending to the inside of the first sliding groove (21) and meshing with worm gear (24), the bottom of the outer sleeve (14) is uniformly connected with toothed plate (28) meshing with double-end gear shaft (25), the inside of the matching pipe (5) is provided with guide through slot (26) extending to the inner wall of lower joint pipe (3).

6. The downhole three-pass integrated blowout preventer of claim 1, wherein: Said fixing assembly includes coil iron block (31), magnetic support column (32) and recovery spring (33), the inner wall of the installation pipe (2) is uniformly provided with multiple groups of installation grooves, the inside of the installation groove is installed with coil iron block (31) at one end, the outside of the coil iron block (31) is connected with recovery spring (33), the coil iron block (31) is connected with magnetic support column (32) extending to the inside of the first sliding groove (21) through recovery spring (33).

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