Hydrogeological exploration layered water stop system and method under complex hydrogeological conditions

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of hydrogeological exploration, in particular to a hydrogeological exploration layered water stop system and method under complex hydrogeological conditions, comprising: a layered water stop pipe body structure, a layered water stop film, a sensor module, an automatic control unit, a quick installation mechanism, a repair and enhancement module, and a battery and solar power supply module; the humidity and pressure conditions of the underground water of each layer can be monitored in real time. Through communication and data exchange of the sensor module and the automatic control unit, automatic expansion or reduction control of the layered water stop film is realized; the staff can check the sensor data, equipment status and adjustment parameters at any time through the mobile device, improving the efficiency and accuracy of the work. In addition, the automatic control unit also has data storage and transmission functions, which can transmit the working status and data to the mobile device of the user, reducing the exploration cost and reducing the investment of manpower and material resources.

Description

Layered water-stopping system and methods for hydrogeological exploration under complex hydrogeological conditions Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydrogeological exploration technology, specifically to a layered water-stopping system and method for hydrogeological exploration under complex hydrogeological conditions. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrogeological exploration refers to the hydrogeological investigation and research conducted to ascertain the hydrogeological conditions of a region. Its aim is to understand the formation, distribution, and movement patterns of groundwater and surface water. This provides a basis for the rational exploitation and utilization of water resources and for the correct design and construction of foundation and piling projects. It includes both underground and above-ground hydrogeological exploration. Groundwater exploration mainly investigates the changes in groundwater level, flow direction, and chemical composition at different times of the year, ascertains the burial conditions and corrosiveness of groundwater, determines the potential changes and impacts of groundwater during the construction and use of buildings, and proposes prevention and control recommendations. In the process of groundwater exploration, layered water-stopping operations are required first. Traditional layered water-stopping operations involve first inserting clay balls into the annular gaps in the well casing and compacting them to isolate the groundwater inside and outside the well casing before conducting pumping tests. However, using clay balls for isolation is an overly cumbersome and time-consuming operation with extremely low overall efficiency.

[0003] Current water-stopping devices used in hydrogeological exploration often have the following shortcomings under complex hydrogeological conditions:

[0004] 1. It cannot effectively adapt to various geological conditions, especially complex hydrogeological environments;

[0005] 2. The water-stopping effect is unstable, and there is a risk of seepage and leakage, which leads to the mixing of groundwater in different layers during hydrogeological exploration, and the measured hydrogeological parameters of this layer are not representative.

[0006] 3. The equipment is complex to install, increasing workload and costs;

[0007] 4. The water-stopping strategies for multi-layered aquifers are not clearly defined, resulting in poor effectiveness;

[0008] 5. The materials used in water-stopping equipment are prone to aging and have poor durability. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to provide a layered water-stopping system and method for hydrogeological exploration under complex hydrogeological conditions, which maintains a stable water-stopping effect under complex geological conditions, simplifies the equipment installation process and extends the service life of the equipment; significantly improves the work efficiency of hydrogeological exploration, reduces exploration costs, and improves the accuracy of exploration, providing a more reliable basis for subsequent engineering decisions.

[0010] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives and effects, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution:

[0011] Layered water-stopping systems for hydrogeological exploration under complex hydrogeological conditions include:

[0012] Layered water-stop pipe structure: This layered water-stop pipe is made of high-strength plastic or stainless steel, possessing good mechanical strength and corrosion resistance. The length of each pipe section can be adjusted according to specific survey requirements, typically ranging from several meters to over ten meters. The sections are connected by expandable joints with a sealed structure to ensure effective water-stopping at the joints.

[0013] Layered waterstop membrane: Each section of the pipe is equipped with a layered waterstop membrane, which can be made of materials such as elastic rubber. The waterstop membrane should have the following characteristics: good elasticity and flexibility to ensure a tight bond with the stratum; good resistance to high and low temperatures to adapt to different environmental conditions; and excellent resistance to chemical corrosion to cope with various chemicals in groundwater.

[0014] Sensor Module: The sensor module consists of miniature moisture sensors and pressure sensors, installed on each segment of the stop membrane. The moisture sensor determines whether water sealing is necessary by detecting the presence of water molecules. The pressure sensor monitors the water pressure in each layer in real time to provide reference data. These sensors should be highly sensitive and have a rapid response.

[0015] Automatic Control Unit: Located in the ground control room, the automatic control unit communicates and exchanges data with the sensor modules. Its functions include receiving data from the sensor modules, analyzing and processing the data, and instructing the corresponding waterproof membrane to expand or contract based on real-time conditions. The automatic control unit also has data storage and transmission capabilities, allowing it to transmit operating status and data to the user's mobile device for real-time monitoring and remote control.

[0016] Quick-installation mechanism: Each segment of the waterstop pipe is equipped with a quick-locking structure at its end, allowing workers to quickly connect and disconnect segments by rotating or pushing / pulling. This mechanism should have reliable sealing performance to ensure effective waterstopping at the joints. Furthermore, the connectors should be designed to withstand a certain amount of external pressure to prevent displacement or damage to the segments during operation.

[0017] Repair and Reinforcement Module: The pipe body is equipped with a repair membrane and colloidal material to repair leaks and enhance water-stopping effects. The repair membrane can be made of a self-soluble material that automatically releases repair material to seal even minor leaks. The reinforcing colloid has high adhesion and sealing performance, and workers can manually inject it to further enhance the water-stopping effect.

[0018] Battery and Solar Power Module: To ensure continuous operation, the device is equipped with a rechargeable battery power system and solar panels. The batteries have high energy density and a long lifespan, meeting the device's power requirements. The solar panels can charge the batteries during the day to provide additional energy support, ensuring continuous operation of the device during long-term exploration work.

[0019] Furthermore, the sensor module specifically includes:

[0020] Choosing Miniature Moisture and Pressure Sensors: When selecting sensors, it's necessary to consider their suitability for groundwater environments, such as high humidity and high temperature. Miniature moisture sensors can use capacitive or resistive sensors to detect the presence of water molecules. Pressure sensors can be selected based on their high pressure range and accuracy.

[0021] Sensor module installation: The sensor module should be installed on the stope membrane of each segment. The sensor should be positioned as close as possible to the groundwater source to ensure accurate moisture and pressure data are obtained.

[0022] Configure sensor parameter thresholds: Sensor parameter thresholds can be set according to geological conditions and exploration needs. For example, a threshold for a moisture sensor can be set to detect the presence of groundwater or determine whether water-stopping measures are needed. Thresholds for a pressure sensor can be used to determine the pressure status of groundwater.

[0023] Data Acquisition and Processing: The sensor module communicates and exchanges data with the automatic control unit, transmitting moisture and pressure data to the ground control room. The automatic control unit acquires, processes, and analyzes the sensor data in real time to indicate the expansion or contraction of the sealing membrane based on real-time conditions.

[0024] Real-time monitoring and remote control: The automatic control unit can transmit operating status and data to the user's mobile device, enabling real-time monitoring and remote control. Users can view sensor data, equipment status, and adjust parameters via their mobile devices, thereby achieving real-time monitoring and remote control of hydrogeological conditions.

[0025] The specific settings for parameter thresholds should be determined based on specific geological conditions, engineering requirements, and equipment performance, and optimized through field investigation and testing. The threshold for moisture sensors can be set according to the range of groundwater level variations in the investigation area, while the threshold for pressure sensors can be set according to groundwater pressure variations. Specific values ​​should be determined based on experiments and practical applications to ensure accuracy and reliability.

[0026] Miniature moisture sensor composition:

[0027] Sensor probe (or electrode part): Made of highly conductive copper, its function is to measure the electrical conductivity in the soil medium to obtain water content information.

[0028] Dielectric constant measurement unit: This unit is used to measure the dielectric constant of soil, which is closely related to the soil moisture content.

[0029] Temperature compensation unit: Since the temperature of the soil may affect its conductivity and dielectric constant, a temperature sensor is needed for real-time compensation.

[0030] Signal processing and conversion unit: This part processes and converts the signals from the probe and dielectric constant measurement unit, outputting them as digital signals for subsequent data analysis and transmission.

[0031] Communication interface: Allows the sensor to communicate with external devices (such as a host computer, data logger, or control unit).

[0032] Power supply module: Provides power to the sensor and is equipped with a battery and an external power supply interface.

[0033] Pressure sensor components:

[0034] Pressure-sensitive elements are thin films or sheet structures made of silicon that change their resistance, capacitance, or other electrical properties when subjected to pressure.

[0035] Wheatstone bridge: a resistance measurement circuit used to convert minute resistance changes on a pressure-sensitive element into measurable voltage changes.

[0036] Amplifier: Amplifies minute voltage changes from a Wheatstone bridge, making them easier to measure and analyze.

[0037] Analog-to-digital converter (ADC): Converts analog voltage signals into digital signals.

[0038] Communication interface: Allows the sensor to communicate data with external devices.

[0039] Power supply module: It can also be a battery or an external power source.

[0040] Furthermore, the types and proportions of the elastic rubber materials used in the waterproof membrane:

[0041] Natural rubber (NR): 50%, providing basic elasticity and toughness.

[0042] Nitrile rubber (NBR): 20%. Nitrile rubber has good resistance to oils and chemicals, which enhances the chemical resistance of the waterproof membrane.

[0043] Ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM): 20%, with good weather resistance and ozone resistance, suitable for external environments.

[0044] Processing aids and fillers (sulfur, accelerators, anti-aging agents, etc.): 10%. These additives help rubber crosslink during vulcanization, improving its physical and chemical properties.

[0045] Furthermore, the automatic control unit specifically includes:

[0046] Data reception: The automatic control unit needs to receive moisture and pressure data sent by the sensor module. Data can be transmitted to the automatic control unit wirelessly (e.g., via Bluetooth, Wi-Fi) or via wired connection (e.g., via data cable).

[0047] Data processing and analysis: The automatic control unit processes and analyzes the received data to obtain the groundwater moisture content and pressure status. Filtering algorithms, signal processing algorithms, and other methods can be used to process the data, improving its accuracy and stability.

[0048] Parameter threshold settings: Based on geological conditions and exploration needs, it is necessary to set some parameter thresholds to determine whether water-stopping measures are required. For example, a moisture content threshold can be set to determine the presence of groundwater or whether water-stopping measures are needed; a pressure threshold can determine the pressure status of groundwater.

[0049] Control command generation: Based on the results of data processing and analysis, the automatic control unit can generate corresponding control commands. For example, when the moisture content exceeds a preset threshold, a control command for expanding the waterproof membrane is generated; when the pressure exceeds or falls below a preset threshold, a control command for shrinking or expanding the waterproof membrane is generated.

[0050] Sending control commands: The automatic control unit sends the generated control commands to the corresponding waterstop membrane via wireless or wired transmission to control its expansion or contraction.

[0051] Data storage and transmission: Automatic control units typically have data storage and transmission capabilities, allowing them to save operating status, sensor data, etc., and transmit them to the user's mobile device wirelessly or via wired connection. This enables users to monitor the system's operating status, data changes, and adjust parameters in real time.

[0052] Furthermore, the repair and enhancement modules specifically include:

[0053] Selection of Repair Membrane: Choose a suitable repair membrane material, typically a self-dissolving material. This type of material can automatically release repair material to seal even the smallest leaks. The repair membrane should have good solubility and self-release properties.

[0054] Installation of the repair membrane: The repair membrane is installed inside the waterstop pipe body, which can be achieved by wrapping or puncturing. The repair membrane should be tightly fitted to the waterstop pipe body to ensure effective sealing of the leakage points.

[0055] Automatic release of the repair membrane: The repair membrane should contain a self-dissolving repair material. When a minor leak is detected, the membrane will automatically release the repair material to seal it. Automatic release of the repair membrane can be triggered by changes in internal pressure or by sensor detection.

[0056] Selection of Reinforcing Colloid: Choose a reinforcing colloid material with high adhesion and sealing performance. The reinforcing colloid can enhance the water-stopping effect through manual injection. The reinforcing colloid should have good flowability and adhesion so that it can quickly flow through the pipe and fill the leakage points.

[0057] Reinforcing colloid injection: When a large leak is detected or a stronger sealing effect is required, workers can inject reinforcing colloid material into the sealing pipe. The injection location and quantity should be determined according to specific needs to ensure effective sealing of the leak.

[0058] The release threshold of the repair membrane can be set based on the size of the leak point, water pressure, and leakage rate; the injection threshold of the reinforcing colloid can be set based on the size of the leak point and surrounding geological conditions. Specific values ​​should be determined based on experiments and practical applications to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the repair and reinforcement effects. Simultaneously, the timing and effectiveness of repair and reinforcement should be considered to balance repair effectiveness and work efficiency.

[0059] Furthermore, the composition and proportion of the repair membrane:

[0060] Polyurethane (PU): 45%. Polyurethane has excellent elasticity and abrasion resistance, and can quickly fill and repair minor leaks.

[0061] Liquid rubber: 30%. Liquid rubber can quickly solidify upon contact with water or moisture, further enhancing the repair effect.

[0062] Nano clay: 15%, provides good adhesion and helps repair the bond between the membrane and the surrounding material.

[0063] Activators and catalysts: 10%, to promote the curing and formation of membrane materials.

[0064] Furthermore, the composition and proportion of the colloid:

[0065] Polyacrylate: 50%, as the main colloidal matrix, polyacrylate can rapidly swell in water and form a gel state, exhibiting excellent adhesion.

[0066] Butyl rubber: 25%, enhances the toughness and elasticity of the colloid, while providing some waterproof properties.

[0067] Sodium Silicate: 10%, helps the colloid to solidify quickly while enhancing its adhesion to mineral surfaces.

[0068] Crosslinking agent: 5%, promotes crosslinking between molecules within the colloid, thereby improving its structural stability.

[0069] Activated carbon: 5%, provides a microporous structure, enhances the adsorption capacity of colloids, and helps to fix water molecules and other small molecules.

[0070] Stabilizer and pH adjuster: 5%, to maintain the stability of the colloid and optimize its performance under specific pH conditions.

[0071] On the other hand, the present invention proposes a water-stopping method based on the above system, comprising the following steps:

[0072] S1: The workers first connect the required length of waterstop pipes together using a quick-locking mechanism;

[0073] S2: Place the waterstop pipe body into the predetermined exploration well;

[0074] S3: Turn on the automatic control unit, the equipment starts working, and monitors the water pressure and humidity in the well in real time;

[0075] S4: When the sensor detects an increase in humidity in a certain layer, the corresponding water-stopping membrane automatically expands and tightly bonds with the ground to form a water-stopping effect; if necessary, the enhancement module can be manually operated to improve the water-stopping effect.

[0076] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0077] Adaptable to Complex Geological Conditions: Traditional hydrogeological exploration and water-stopping methods have limitations in complex geological conditions. This technical solution, however, utilizes a layered water-stopping pipe body made of high-strength plastic or stainless steel and a layered water-stopping membrane made of elastic rubber, which better adapts to various geological conditions, especially complex hydrogeological environments. The high-strength materials ensure the system's stability and corrosion resistance, while the elastic rubber membrane tightly bonds with the groundwater source, preventing the risk of seepage and leakage.

[0078] Enhancing the stability of water-stopping effect: The layered water-stopping membrane in this technical solution is equipped with miniature moisture and pressure sensors, which can monitor the humidity and pressure of groundwater in each layer in real time. Through communication and data exchange between the sensor module and the automatic control unit, the automatic expansion or contraction of each layer of the water-stopping membrane can be controlled. This maintains the stability of the water-stopping effect, reduces the risk of groundwater mixing, and ensures that the measured hydrogeological parameters are representative.

[0079] Simplified installation and extended service life: The layered waterstop pipe body in this technical solution adopts a quick-locking structure, which facilitates quick connection and disassembly of sections by workers, simplifying the equipment installation process. Furthermore, the material selection and design of the layered waterstop pipe body and layered waterstop membrane take into account corrosion resistance and durability, enabling them to resist wear and aging during long-term use and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0080] Improving work efficiency and reducing exploration costs: The automatic control unit in this technical solution enables real-time monitoring and remote control. Workers can view sensor data, equipment status, and adjust parameters at any time via mobile devices, improving work efficiency and accuracy. Furthermore, the automatic control unit also has data storage and transmission capabilities, allowing it to transmit work status and data to the user's mobile device, reducing exploration costs and minimizing the investment of manpower and resources.

[0081] Significantly improves exploration accuracy and provides reliable data: The sensor module in this technical solution can monitor groundwater moisture and pressure in real time. Through data processing and analysis by the automatic control unit, accurate hydrogeological parameters can be obtained. This data can serve as the basis for subsequent engineering decisions, improving the accuracy of exploration and providing a reliable basis for engineering decisions.

[0082] Of course, any product implementing this invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. Detailed Implementation

[0083] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0084] Example 1

[0085] The layered water-stopping system for hydrogeological exploration under complex hydrogeological conditions described in this embodiment includes:

[0086] Layered water-stop pipe structure: This layered water-stop pipe is made of high-strength plastic or stainless steel, possessing good mechanical strength and corrosion resistance. The length of each pipe section can be adjusted according to specific survey requirements, typically ranging from several meters to over ten meters. The sections are connected by expandable joints with a sealed structure to ensure effective water-stopping at the joints.

[0087] Layered waterstop membrane: Each section of the pipe is equipped with a layered waterstop membrane, which can be made of materials such as elastic rubber. The waterstop membrane should have the following characteristics: good elasticity and flexibility to ensure a tight bond with the stratum; good resistance to high and low temperatures to adapt to different environmental conditions; and excellent resistance to chemical corrosion to cope with various chemicals in groundwater.

[0088] Sensor Module: The sensor module consists of miniature moisture sensors and pressure sensors, installed on each segment of the stop membrane. The moisture sensor determines whether water sealing is necessary by detecting the presence of water molecules. The pressure sensor monitors the water pressure in each layer in real time to provide reference data. These sensors should be highly sensitive and have a rapid response.

[0089] Automatic Control Unit: Located in the ground control room, the automatic control unit communicates and exchanges data with the sensor modules. Its functions include receiving data from the sensor modules, analyzing and processing the data, and instructing the corresponding waterproof membrane to expand or contract based on real-time conditions. The automatic control unit also has data storage and transmission capabilities, allowing it to transmit operating status and data to the user's mobile device for real-time monitoring and remote control.

[0090] Quick-installation mechanism: Each segment of the waterstop pipe is equipped with a quick-locking structure at its end, allowing workers to quickly connect and disconnect segments by rotating or pushing / pulling. This mechanism should have reliable sealing performance to ensure effective waterstopping at the joints. Furthermore, the connectors should be designed to withstand a certain amount of external pressure to prevent displacement or damage to the segments during operation.

[0091] Repair and Reinforcement Module: The pipe body is equipped with a repair membrane and colloidal material to repair leaks and enhance water-stopping effects. The repair membrane can be made of a self-soluble material that automatically releases repair material to seal even minor leaks. The reinforcing colloid has high adhesion and sealing performance, and workers can manually inject it to further enhance the water-stopping effect.

[0092] Battery and Solar Power Module: To ensure continuous operation, the device is equipped with a rechargeable battery power system and solar panels. The batteries have high energy density and a long lifespan, meeting the device's power requirements. The solar panels can charge the batteries during the day to provide additional energy support, ensuring continuous operation of the device during long-term exploration work.

[0093] In this embodiment, the sensor module specifically includes:

[0094] Choosing Miniature Moisture and Pressure Sensors: When selecting sensors, it's necessary to consider their suitability for groundwater environments, such as high humidity and high temperature. Miniature moisture sensors can use capacitive or resistive sensors to detect the presence of water molecules. Pressure sensors can be selected based on their high pressure range and accuracy.

[0095] Sensor module installation: The sensor module should be installed on the stope membrane of each segment. The sensor should be positioned as close as possible to the groundwater source to ensure accurate moisture and pressure data are obtained.

[0096] Configure sensor parameter thresholds: Sensor parameter thresholds can be set according to geological conditions and exploration needs. For example, a threshold for a moisture sensor can be set to detect the presence of groundwater or determine whether water-stopping measures are needed. Thresholds for a pressure sensor can be used to determine the pressure status of groundwater.

[0097] Data Acquisition and Processing: The sensor module communicates and exchanges data with the automatic control unit, transmitting moisture and pressure data to the ground control room. The automatic control unit acquires, processes, and analyzes the sensor data in real time to indicate the expansion or contraction of the sealing membrane based on real-time conditions.

[0098] Real-time monitoring and remote control: The automatic control unit can transmit operating status and data to the user's mobile device, enabling real-time monitoring and remote control. Users can view sensor data, equipment status, and adjust parameters via their mobile devices, thereby achieving real-time monitoring and remote control of hydrogeological conditions.

[0099] The specific settings for parameter thresholds should be determined based on specific geological conditions, engineering requirements, and equipment performance, and optimized through field investigation and testing. The threshold for moisture sensors can be set according to the range of groundwater level variations in the investigation area, while the threshold for pressure sensors can be set according to groundwater pressure variations. Specific values ​​should be determined based on experiments and practical applications to ensure accuracy and reliability.

[0100] In this embodiment, the type and proportion of each component of the elastic rubber material used in the waterproof membrane are as follows:

[0101] Natural rubber (NR): 50%, providing basic elasticity and toughness.

[0102] Nitrile rubber (NBR): 20%. Nitrile rubber has good resistance to oils and chemicals, which enhances the chemical resistance of the waterproof membrane.

[0103] Ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM): 20%, with good weather resistance and ozone resistance, suitable for external environments.

[0104] Processing aids and fillers (sulfur, accelerators, anti-aging agents, etc.): 10%. These additives help rubber crosslink during vulcanization, improving its physical and chemical properties.

[0105] In this embodiment, the automatic control unit specifically includes:

[0106] Data reception: The automatic control unit needs to receive moisture and pressure data sent by the sensor module. Data can be transmitted to the automatic control unit wirelessly (e.g., via Bluetooth, Wi-Fi) or via wired connection (e.g., via data cable).

[0107] Data processing and analysis: The automatic control unit processes and analyzes the received data to obtain the groundwater moisture content and pressure status. Filtering algorithms, signal processing algorithms, and other methods can be used to process the data, improving its accuracy and stability.

[0108] Parameter threshold settings: Based on geological conditions and exploration needs, it is necessary to set some parameter thresholds to determine whether water-stopping measures are required. For example, a moisture content threshold can be set to determine the presence of groundwater or whether water-stopping measures are needed; a pressure threshold can determine the pressure status of groundwater.

[0109] Control command generation: Based on the results of data processing and analysis, the automatic control unit can generate corresponding control commands. For example, when the moisture content exceeds a preset threshold, a control command for expanding the waterproof membrane is generated; when the pressure exceeds or falls below a preset threshold, a control command for shrinking or expanding the waterproof membrane is generated.

[0110] Sending control commands: The automatic control unit sends the generated control commands to the corresponding waterstop membrane via wireless or wired transmission to control its expansion or contraction.

[0111] Data storage and transmission: Automatic control units typically have data storage and transmission capabilities, allowing them to save operating status, sensor data, etc., and transmit them to the user's mobile device wirelessly or via wired connection. This enables users to monitor the system's operating status, data changes, and adjust parameters in real time.

[0112] In this embodiment, the repair and enhancement module specifically includes:

[0113] Selection of Repair Membrane: Choose a suitable repair membrane material, typically a self-dissolving material. This type of material can automatically release repair material to seal even the smallest leaks. The repair membrane should have good solubility and self-release properties.

[0114] Installation of the repair membrane: The repair membrane is installed inside the waterstop pipe body, which can be achieved by wrapping or puncturing. The repair membrane should be tightly fitted to the waterstop pipe body to ensure effective sealing of the leakage points.

[0115] Automatic release of the repair membrane: The repair membrane should contain a self-dissolving repair material. When a minor leak is detected, the membrane will automatically release the repair material to seal it. Automatic release of the repair membrane can be triggered by changes in internal pressure or by sensor detection.

[0116] Selection of Reinforcing Colloid: Choose a reinforcing colloid material with high adhesion and sealing performance. The reinforcing colloid can enhance the water-stopping effect through manual injection. The reinforcing colloid should have good flowability and adhesion so that it can quickly flow through the pipe and fill the leakage points.

[0117] Reinforcing colloid injection: When a large leak is detected or a stronger sealing effect is required, workers can inject reinforcing colloid material into the sealing pipe. The injection location and quantity should be determined according to specific needs to ensure effective sealing of the leak.

[0118] The release threshold of the repair membrane can be set based on the size of the leak point, water pressure, and leakage rate; the injection threshold of the reinforcing colloid can be set based on the size of the leak point and surrounding geological conditions. Specific values ​​should be determined based on experiments and practical applications to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the repair and reinforcement effects. Simultaneously, the timing and effectiveness of repair and reinforcement should be considered to balance repair effectiveness and work efficiency.

[0119] In this embodiment, the components and proportions of the repair membrane are as follows:

[0120] Polyurethane (PU): 45%. Polyurethane has excellent elasticity and abrasion resistance, and can quickly fill and repair minor leaks.

[0121] Liquid rubber: 30%. Liquid rubber can quickly solidify upon contact with water or moisture, further enhancing the repair effect.

[0122] Nano clay: 15%, provides good adhesion and helps repair the bond between the membrane and the surrounding material.

[0123] Activators and catalysts: 10%, to promote the curing and formation of membrane materials.

[0124] In this embodiment, the composition and proportion of the colloid are as follows:

[0125] Polyacrylate: 50%, as the main colloidal matrix, polyacrylate can rapidly swell in water and form a gel state, exhibiting excellent adhesion.

[0126] Butyl rubber: 25%, enhances the toughness and elasticity of the colloid, while providing some waterproof properties.

[0127] Sodium Silicate: 10%, helps the colloid to solidify quickly while enhancing its adhesion to mineral surfaces.

[0128] Crosslinking agent: 5%, promotes crosslinking between molecules within the colloid, thereby improving its structural stability.

[0129] Activated carbon: 5%, provides a microporous structure, enhances the adsorption capacity of colloids, and helps to fix water molecules and other small molecules.

[0130] Stabilizer and pH adjuster: 5%, to maintain the stability of the colloid and optimize its performance under specific pH conditions.

[0131] On the other hand, the present invention proposes a water-stopping method based on the above system, comprising: workers first connecting the water-stopping pipes of the required length together using a quick-locking structure;

[0132] Place the water-stop pipe body into the designated exploration well;

[0133] Once the automatic control unit is activated, the equipment begins operation, monitoring the water pressure and humidity in the well in real time.

[0134] When the sensor detects an increase in humidity in a certain layer, the corresponding waterproof membrane automatically expands and tightly bonds with the ground to form a waterproof barrier.

[0135] If necessary, the enhancement module can be manually operated to improve the water-stopping effect.

[0136] This design not only effectively enables layered water sealing but also allows for rapid installation and automated operation, greatly improving the efficiency and accuracy of exploration work.

[0137] Example 2

[0138] Miniature moisture sensor composition:

[0139] Sensor probe (or electrode part): Made of highly conductive copper, its function is to measure the electrical conductivity in the soil medium to obtain water content information.

[0140] Dielectric constant measurement unit: This unit is used to measure the dielectric constant of soil, which is closely related to the soil moisture content.

[0141] Temperature compensation unit: Since the temperature of the soil may affect its conductivity and dielectric constant, a temperature sensor is needed for real-time compensation.

[0142] Signal processing and conversion unit: This part processes and converts the signals from the probe and dielectric constant measurement unit, outputting them as digital signals for subsequent data analysis and transmission.

[0143] Communication interface: Allows the sensor to communicate with external devices (such as a host computer, data logger, or control unit).

[0144] Power supply module: Provides power to the sensor and is equipped with a battery and an external power supply interface.

[0145] Pressure sensor components:

[0146] Pressure-sensitive elements are thin films or sheet structures made of silicon that change their resistance, capacitance, or other electrical properties when subjected to pressure.

[0147] Wheatstone bridge: a resistance measurement circuit used to convert minute resistance changes on a pressure-sensitive element into measurable voltage changes.

[0148] Amplifier: Amplifies minute voltage changes from a Wheatstone bridge, making them easier to measure and analyze.

[0149] Analog-to-digital converter (ADC): Converts analog voltage signals into digital signals.

[0150] Communication interface: Allows the sensor to communicate data with external devices.

[0151] Power supply module: It can also be a battery or an external power source.

[0152] Example 3

[0153] The automatic control unit is implemented through a program, specifically including:

[0154]

[0155]

[0156]

[0157] In the main program, the above code is integrated into the overall program. First, an instance of AutomaticControlUnit is created, and the receive_sensor_data() method is called to pass the data to the automatic control unit after each collection of sensor data. Then, the analyze_sensor_data() method is called to analyze the sensor data, determine whether water shut-off is required based on the set threshold, and update the corresponding water shut-off membrane status. Next, the control_stop_membrane() method is called to control the expansion or contraction of the water shut-off membrane. Finally, the update_data_to_user_device() method is called to transmit the operating status and data updates to the user's mobile device.

[0158] Appropriate modifications and adjustments are needed based on the actual situation. For example, the judgment logic in the `analyze_sensor_data()` method needs to be adjusted according to the actual sensor data format and threshold settings. Furthermore, the specific functions of membrane expansion, contraction, and maintaining a normal state need to be implemented according to the actual control mechanism and device interface.

[0159] Example 4

[0160] The specific implementation of the sensor module program includes:

[0161]

[0162]

[0163] In the main program, an instance of SensorModule is created, and the read_moisture_sensor() and read_pressure_sensor() methods are called on each segment of the stop membrane to read data from the moisture sensor and pressure sensor. Then, the get_sensor_data() method is called to obtain the sensor data, and the data is passed to the automatic control unit for analysis and control.

[0164] Implement the specific functionalities of the `read_moisture_sensor()` and `read_pressure_sensor()` methods based on the actual sensor interface and data reading method. Furthermore, adjust the format and structure of the data returned by the `get_sensor_data()` method according to the actual sensor data format.

[0165] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A layered water-stopping system for hydrogeological exploration under complex hydrogeological conditions, characterized in that, include: Layered Waterstop Pipe Structure: Made of high-strength plastic or stainless steel, the length of each pipe segment is adjustable according to specific survey requirements. Segments are connected by expandable joints with a sealed structure to ensure effective waterstopping at the joints. Layered Waterstop Membrane: Each pipe segment is equipped with a layered waterstop membrane made of elastic rubber material. Sensor Module: The sensor module consists of a miniature moisture sensor and a pressure sensor, installed on the waterstop membrane of each segment. The moisture sensor detects the presence of water molecules to determine whether waterstopping is needed, while the pressure sensor monitors the water pressure of each layer in real time to provide reference data. Automatic Control Unit: Located in the ground control room, the automatic control unit communicates and transmits data with the sensor modules. According to the data exchange, including receiving data from sensor modules, analyzing and processing the data, and instructing the corresponding waterstop membrane to expand or shrink according to real-time conditions, the automatic control unit also has data storage and transmission functions, transmitting working status and data to the user's mobile device to achieve real-time monitoring and remote control; rapid installation mechanism: each waterstop pipe segment is equipped with a quick-locking structure at the end, allowing workers to quickly connect and disassemble segments by rotating or pushing and pulling; repair and reinforcement module: the pipe body is equipped with a repair membrane and colloidal material for repairing leaks and enhancing the waterstop effect; battery and solar power supply module: including a rechargeable battery power supply system and solar panels, ensuring continuous operation of the device during long-term exploration work.

2. The layered water-stopping system for hydrogeological exploration under complex hydrogeological conditions as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor module specifically includes: selecting miniature moisture sensors and pressure sensors based on the characteristics suitable for the groundwater environment; installing the sensor modules: the sensor modules should be installed on each segment of the stop membrane, and the sensor positions should be as close as possible to the groundwater source to ensure accurate moisture and pressure data acquisition; configuring sensor parameter thresholds: setting sensor parameter thresholds according to geological conditions and exploration needs; setting the threshold for the moisture sensor to detect the presence of groundwater or determine whether water-stopping measures are needed, and the threshold for the pressure sensor to determine the pressure status of the groundwater; data acquisition and processing: the sensor module communicates and exchanges data with the automatic control unit, transmitting moisture and pressure data to the ground control room. The automatic control unit acquires, processes, and analyzes the sensor data in real time to indicate the expansion or contraction of the stop membrane based on real-time conditions; real-time monitoring and remote control: the automatic control unit transmits operating status and data to the user's mobile device to achieve real-time monitoring and remote control; the user can view sensor data, equipment status, and adjust parameters through the mobile device, thereby enabling real-time monitoring and remote control of hydrogeological conditions.

3. The layered water-stopping system for hydrogeological exploration under complex hydrogeological conditions as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The miniature moisture sensor specifically includes: a sensor probe made of highly conductive copper, used to measure the electrical conductivity of the soil medium to obtain moisture content information; a dielectric constant measurement unit, used to measure the dielectric constant of the soil, which is closely related to the soil moisture content; a temperature compensation unit, used for real-time compensation to prevent soil temperature from affecting its electrical conductivity and dielectric constant; a signal processing and conversion unit, which processes and converts the signals from the probe and the dielectric constant measurement unit, outputting digital signals for subsequent data analysis and transmission; a communication interface, allowing the sensor to communicate with external devices; and a power supply module, providing power to the sensor and equipped with a battery and an external power supply interface.

4. The layered water-stopping system for hydrogeological exploration under complex hydrogeological conditions as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The pressure sensor specifically includes: a pressure-sensitive element: a thin film or sheet structure made of silicon, whose resistance, capacitance, or other electrical properties change when subjected to pressure; a Wheatstone bridge: used to convert the minute resistance change on the pressure-sensitive element into a measurable voltage change; an amplifier: amplifying the minute voltage change from the Wheatstone bridge, making it easier to measure and analyze; an analog-to-digital converter (ADC): converting analog voltage signals into digital signals; a communication interface: allowing the sensor to communicate with external devices; and a power supply module: a battery or external power source.

5. The layered water-stopping system for hydrogeological exploration under complex hydrogeological conditions as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The specific components and proportions of the waterproof membrane are as follows: Natural rubber: 50%, providing basic elasticity and toughness; Nitrile rubber: 20%, which has good resistance to oils and chemicals, ensuring the chemical resistance of the waterproof membrane; Ethylene propylene rubber: 20%, with good weather resistance and ozone resistance, suitable for external environments; Processing aids and fillers: including sulfur, accelerators, and anti-aging agents, 10%, used to help the rubber crosslink during vulcanization and improve its physical and chemical properties.

6. The layered water-stopping system for hydrogeological exploration under complex hydrogeological conditions as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic control unit specifically includes: Data reception: The automatic control unit needs to receive moisture and pressure data sent by the sensor module; transmit the data to the automatic control unit via wireless or wired transmission; Data processing and analysis: Process and analyze the received data to obtain the moisture content and pressure status of groundwater; use filtering algorithms and signal processing algorithms to process the data to improve the accuracy and stability of the data; Parameter threshold setting: Set parameter thresholds according to geological conditions and exploration needs to determine whether water-stopping measures are needed; Control command generation: Generate corresponding control commands based on the results of data processing and analysis; when the moisture content exceeds the preset threshold, generate a control command for expanding the water-stopping membrane; when the pressure exceeds or falls below the preset threshold, generate a control command for shrinking or expanding the water-stopping membrane; Control command transmission: Send the generated control commands to the corresponding water-stopping membrane via wireless or wired transmission to control its expansion or shrinkage; Data storage and transmission: Used to save the working status and sensor data, and transmit them to the user's mobile device via wireless or wired transmission; The user can monitor the system's working status, data changes, and adjust parameters in real time.

7. The layered water-stopping system for hydrogeological exploration under complex hydrogeological conditions as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The repair and reinforcement module specifically includes: installation of the repair membrane: the repair membrane is installed inside the waterstop pipe body by wrapping or puncturing, and the repair membrane is tightly bonded to the waterstop pipe body to ensure the sealing effect of the leakage point; automatic release of the repair membrane: the repair membrane is a self-dissolving repair material. When a small leakage point is detected, the repair membrane will automatically release the repair material to seal it; injection of reinforcing colloid: when a larger leakage point is detected or the waterstop effect needs to be strengthened, the staff will inject reinforcing colloid material into the waterstop pipe body by injection.

8. The layered water-stopping system for hydrogeological exploration under complex hydrogeological conditions as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The specific components and proportions of the repair membrane include: polyurethane: 45%, which has excellent elasticity and wear resistance, and can quickly fill and repair minor leaks; liquid rubber: 30%, which cures rapidly upon contact with water or moisture, further enhancing the repair effect; nano clay: 15%, which provides good adhesion and helps the repair membrane bond with surrounding materials; and activators and catalysts: 10%, which promote the curing and formation of the membrane material.

9. The layered water-stopping system for hydrogeological exploration under complex hydrogeological conditions as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The specific components and proportions of the colloid include: polyacrylate: 50%, serving as the main colloidal matrix, which rapidly expands in water and forms a gel; butyl rubber: 25%, enhancing the toughness and elasticity of the colloid while providing some waterproof performance; water glass: 10%, facilitating rapid curing of the colloid and enhancing adhesion to mineral surfaces; crosslinking agent: 5%, promoting crosslinking between intramolecular molecules in the colloid and improving structural stability; activated carbon: 5%, providing a microporous structure, enhancing the adsorption capacity of the colloid, and helping to fix water molecules and other small molecules; stabilizer and pH adjuster: 5%, maintaining the stability of the colloid and optimizing its performance under specific pH conditions.

10. A water-stopping method based on the system according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1: The staff first connects the required length of water-stop pipe together using a quick-locking structure; S2: The water-stop pipe is placed into the predetermined exploration well; S3: The automatic control unit is turned on, and the equipment starts working, monitoring the water pressure and humidity in the well in real time; S4: When the sensor detects an increase in humidity in a certain layer, the corresponding water-stop membrane automatically expands and tightly bonds with the formation to form a water stop; the manual operation of the enhancement module improves the water-stopping effect.

Images