A coal mine intelligent pressure equalization experimental device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent pressure-equalizing experimental device and method for a coal mine. In addition to conventional dampers, regulating wind windows and pressure-equalizing fans, the device also includes: a negative pressure fan installed in a return air lane; a transverse baffle, which is arranged in the middle of a working face and whose cross section is close to the ventilation cross section of the working face, and the ventilation resistance of the working face can be changed by adjusting its angle; a longitudinal baffle, which is arranged between the working face and the goaf, and a row of vertical holes is provided on the longitudinal baffle to simulate air leakage between the goaf and the working face; an intelligent monitoring and control system, including an intelligent monitoring module, a signal conversion and control module, etc., which are used to dynamically monitor the pressure difference of the inlet and return air corners of the working face, and the wind speed of the working face and the goaf. The monitoring data acquired by the intelligent monitoring module is transmitted to the control module via the signal conversion module, and the wind window regulating device dynamically adjusts the opening area of ​​the wind window to ensure that the pressure difference of the inlet and return air corners of the working face is within a reasonable range and effectively reduce air leakage in the goaf.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of coal mine safety, and in particular to an intelligent pressure equalization experimental device and a method for a coal mine. Background Art

[0002] Pressure-equalizing fire prevention is a prevention and control technology that uses pressure-regulating means such as fans, wind windows, connecting pipes, and pressure-regulating air chambers to change the pressure energy distribution in the ventilation system and reduce the pressure difference at both ends of the air leakage channel, thereby achieving the goal of controlling air leakage, inhibiting coal spontaneous combustion, and suppressing the outflow of toxic and harmful gases.

[0003] Pressure equalization fire prevention is divided into open area pressure equalization and closed area pressure equalization. Open area pressure equalization usually refers to the pressure equalization system established in the production working face. Under the condition of ensuring the required ventilation air volume of the working face, ventilation adjustment is implemented to reduce air leakage into the goaf, inhibit the spontaneous combustion of coal, and prevent toxic and harmful gases such as carbon monoxide from entering the working face. Closed area pressure equalization usually refers to the pressure equalization of the closed area, which can not only prevent the spontaneous combustion of coal in the closed area, but also accelerate the extinguishing speed of the closed fire area.

[0004] Among the measures implemented by open area pressure equalization fire protection technology, the most commonly used is fan-wind window joint pressure equalization. However, when implementing the working face fan-wind window joint pressure equalization, it is necessary to calculate the resistance increase value at the adjustment window, select the wind window and determine the maximum opening area of ​​the adjustment window, and then give the adjustment window an estimated initial adjustment value according to the on-site pressure equalization needs, and then perform manual adjustment on this basis. Since pressure equalization debugging involves many factors, manual adjustment is cumbersome and labor-intensive on the one hand, and often lags in adjustment, resulting in unsatisfactory pressure equalization effect.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a coal mine intelligent pressure equalization experimental device and method thereof to solve the problems raised in the above background technology. Summary of the invention

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a coal mine intelligent pressure equalization experimental device, comprising:

[0007] The dampers are respectively installed in the air inlet lane and the return air lane in the simulated lane, and the dampers are equipped with air ducts for ventilation and drainage. An equalizing fan is installed in the air inlet lane, and a negative pressure fan is installed in the return air lane.

[0008] A transverse baffle is arranged in the middle of the simulated working surface and its section is close to the ventilation section of the working surface;

[0009] A longitudinal baffle is arranged between the working face and the goaf, and a row of vertical holes is provided on the longitudinal baffle;

[0010] The regulating wind window is arranged in the return air duct. The regulating wind window is provided with a wind window regulating device for regulating the opening area of ​​the wind window. The pressure difference of the return air corner of the working surface can be adjusted by changing the opening area of ​​the regulating wind window.

[0011] An intelligent monitoring and control system consists of an intelligent monitoring module, a signal conversion module, and a single-chip microcomputer control module.

[0012] Furthermore, the air leakage holes on the air inlet side can be regulated to be opened / closed to simulate air leakage in the goaf under different conditions.

[0013] Furthermore, the heat dissipation zone, oxidation zone and asphyxiation zone of the goaf are filled with crushed stone or sand of corresponding particle size ranges according to the corresponding porosity distribution.

[0014] Furthermore, the transverse baffle is rotatably assembled in a direction perpendicular to the working surface, and is used to adjust the opening angle of the transverse baffle. The adjustment range of the transverse baffle rotation angle is 0°-90°, simulating the ventilation resistance of the working surface under different conditions.

[0015] Furthermore, the longitudinal baffle is arranged between the working face and the goaf, and a row of vertical holes is provided on the longitudinal baffle to simulate air leakage between the goaf and the working face;

[0016] Furthermore, the wind window regulating device includes: a roller distributed on the regulating wind window and independently regulated by a stepper motor, a sealing roller blind is wound on the roller, an auxiliary carrier shaft is connected to the outer edge of the sealing roller blind, both ends of the auxiliary carrier shaft are rotatably assembled with slides, the slides are slidably connected to the slide rails installed on the regulating wind window, the slides on both sides are connected by connecting springs, and the wind window regulating device is respectively installed on the air inlet side and the air outlet side of the regulating wind window and is arranged in a vertical structure.

[0017] Furthermore, the intelligent monitoring module dynamically acquires monitoring data from wind speed sensors and pressure difference sensors; wind speed sensors are respectively installed in the heat dissipation zone, oxidation zone, asphyxiation zone, air intake lane and return air lane areas of the goaf to measure wind speeds in different areas; pressure difference sensors are respectively installed in the air intake corner and return air corner areas of the working face to monitor the ventilation pressure difference at the air intake and return air corners of the working face.

[0018] Furthermore, the signal conversion module is used to convert the monitoring data acquired by the intelligent monitoring module from an electrical signal to a digital signal and transmit it to the single-chip control module and the display screen.

[0019] Furthermore, the single chip control module is used to analyze the monitoring data and control the wind window control device according to a given pressure difference threshold feedback to adjust the wind window opening area.

[0020] A simulation experiment method of a coal mine intelligent pressure equalization experiment device comprises the following steps:

[0021] S101: Install a negative pressure fan, damper, and air duct in the return air lane, adjust the horizontal baffle to rotate to a certain angle, open the air leakage hole on the air inlet side, start the negative pressure fan, maintain the wind speed and air volume of the working face at a certain value, and after the wind speed of the working face is stable, read and record the pressure difference monitoring data, the air volume of the working face inlet, and the air volume of the working face return, and calculate the air leakage of the goaf under this condition. If the ventilation pressure difference at the corners at both ends of the working face is too small, feedback is given to adjust the angle of the horizontal baffle again to increase the ventilation pressure difference at the corners at both ends of the working face;

[0022] S102: Install a pressure-equalizing fan, damper and air duct on the air inlet side, install an adjustable air window on the return air side and set the initial value of the air window opening area, start the negative pressure fan, then start the pressure-equalizing fan, adjust the air volume of the pressure-equalizing fan, make the air speed of the air inlet lane consistent with that of the air inlet lane under the S101 condition, that is, the air volume of the working face before and after the pressure equalization remains unchanged, and start the intelligent monitoring and control system;

[0023] S103: After the wind speed of the working face is stable, the pressure difference sensor and the wind speed sensor monitor the ventilation pressure difference of the working face inlet and return air corners, the working face inlet air volume and the return air volume. The intelligent monitoring module transmits the monitoring data to the signal conversion module, and the signal conversion module converts the data and transmits it to the single-chip control module. The single-chip control module determines whether the ventilation pressure difference is within the specified range according to the pressure difference limit values ​​of the working face inlet corner and the return air corner preset in the module;

[0024] S104: If the ventilation pressure difference is within the specified range, the single-chip microcomputer control module does not issue a signal command; if the ventilation pressure difference is not within the specified range, the single-chip microcomputer control module issues a signal command after analysis and judgment, and the stepper motor in the wind window control device adjusts the wind window opening area, and during the adjustment process, the pressure difference sensor dynamically monitors the ventilation pressure difference changes of the air inlet corner and the return air corner of the working surface until the ventilation pressure difference is within the specified range again, and then the wind window opening area is adjusted to remain unchanged;

[0025] S105: Calculate the air leakage volume of the goaf under the condition of equal pressure according to the monitoring data of the wind speed sensor.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a coal mine intelligent pressure equalization experimental device and method thereof, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. In the present invention, through simulation experiments, a micro-pressure difference sensor and a high-precision wind speed sensor are used to dynamically monitor the wind pressure and wind speed at different locations of the working face. The intelligent monitoring module transmits the acquired monitoring data to the single-chip control module in real time through the signal conversion module. The single-chip control module analyzes and judges the received data, and makes deviation judgments with reference to the preset ventilation pressure difference range. When the monitored pressure difference value is within the specified range, the current wind window opening area is maintained; when the pressure difference value exceeds the specified range, the single-chip control module transmits a signal to the stepper motor to adjust the wind window opening area until the pressure difference between the air inlet corner and the return air corner of the working face is adjusted to within the set range, thereby achieving the purpose of intelligent pressure equalization of the fan-wind window joint and effectively controlling air leakage in the goaf, and ensuring the stability and effectiveness of the pressure equalization regulation; thereby, without the need for manual intervention, by monitoring the pressure difference between the air inlet corner and the return air corner of the working face under different working conditions and performing feedback and adjustment, it is ensured that the pressure difference between the air inlet corner and the return air corner of the working face is within the specified range, thereby achieving the purpose of intelligent pressure equalization of the working face.

[0028] 2. In the present invention, in addition to the adjustable opening area of ​​the wind window, the wind pressure, air volume, ventilation resistance of the working face and air leakage conditions of the goaf of the equalizing pressure fan can also be adjusted, thereby realizing the testing and inspection of the equalizing pressure parameters of the working face under different negative pressures, different air volumes, different resistances and different air leakage conditions, and has the advantages of flexible simulation conditions, strong applicability and intuitive simulation process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the coal mine intelligent pressure equalization experimental device of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the coal mine intelligent pressure equalization experimental device of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the wind window control device of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the implementation of the wind window ventilation area control and manipulation of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the combined pressure equalization of the fan and wind window on the working surface;

[0034] In the figure: 1. Equalizing pressure fan; 2. Air duct; 3. Air door; 4. Negative pressure fan; 5. Wind speed sensor; 6. Pressure difference sensor; 7. Horizontal baffle; 8. Adjustable wind window; 9. Air leakage hole on the air inlet side; 10. Longitudinal baffle; 11. Wind window control device; 12. Single chip microcomputer control module; 13. Display screen; 14. Signal conversion module; 15. Intelligent monitoring module; 16. Connecting spring; 17. Reel; 18. Stepper motor; 19. Sealing roller shutter; 20. Auxiliary load shaft; 21. Slide seat; 22. Slide rail. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] Reference Figure 1-5 The present invention provides a technical solution: a coal mine intelligent pressure equalization experimental device, which comprises:

[0036] The dampers 3 are respectively installed in the air inlet lane and the return air lane in the simulated lane, and the dampers 3 are equipped with air cylinders 2, the pressure equalizing fan 1 is installed in the air inlet lane, and the negative pressure fan 4 is installed in the return air lane;

[0037] A transverse baffle 7 is arranged in the middle of the working surface and its cross section is close to the ventilation section of the working surface;

[0038] A longitudinal baffle 10 is arranged between the working face and the goaf, and a row of vertical holes is formed on the longitudinal baffle 10;

[0039] The regulating window 8 is arranged in the return air channel, and a window regulating device 11 is provided on the regulating window 8. The opening area of ​​the regulating window 8 can be adjusted by the window regulating device 11, so as to adjust the pressure difference between the inlet corner and the return corner of the working surface;

[0040] The intelligent monitoring and control system is composed of an intelligent monitoring module 15, a signal conversion module 14, and a single-chip control module 12.

[0041] Among them, the simulated tunnels, working faces and goafs are made of acrylic plate materials and are reduced in size according to a certain proportion with reference to the on-site dimensions of the coal mine.

[0042] The air inlet side air leakage holes 9 can be controlled to open / close, so as to simulate air leakage in the goaf under different conditions, and simulate the air leakage conditions in the goaf under different conditions.

[0043] Among them, the heat dissipation zone, oxidation zone and asphyxiation zone in the goaf are filled with crushed stone or sand of corresponding particle size range according to the corresponding porosity distribution. That is to say, in order to simulate the influence of the distribution of the "three zones" (heat dissipation zone, oxidation zone and asphyxiation zone) in the goaf on air leakage, solid fillers of different particle sizes are selected to simulate the "three zones" according to the porosity distribution of the "three zones". The heat dissipation zone is filled with crushed stone of larger particle size, the oxidation zone is filled with crushed stone of medium particle size, and the asphyxiation zone is filled with fine sand.

[0044] Among them, the transverse baffle 7 is rotatably assembled in the direction perpendicular to the working surface, and is used to adjust the opening angle of the transverse baffle 7; the adjustment range of the rotation angle of the transverse baffle 7 is 0°-90°, simulating the ventilation resistance of the working surface under different conditions.

[0045] The longitudinal baffle 10 is arranged between the working face and the goaf, and a row of vertical holes is provided on the longitudinal baffle 10 to simulate air leakage between the goaf and the working face.

[0046] In this embodiment, the wind window regulating device 11 includes: a roller 17 symmetrically distributed on the regulating wind window 8 and independently regulated by a stepper motor 18, a sealing roller blind 19 is wound on the roller 17, and an auxiliary carrier shaft 20 is connected to the outer curtain edge of the sealing roller blind 19, and the two ends of the auxiliary carrier shaft 20 are rotatably assembled with slides 21, and the slides 21 are slidably connected to the slide rails 22 installed on the regulating wind window 8, and the slides 21 on both sides are connected by connecting springs 16, and the wind window regulating device 11 is respectively installed on the air inlet side and the air outlet side of the regulating wind window 8 and arranged in a vertical structure.

[0047] In this embodiment, the intelligent monitoring module 15 dynamically obtains the monitoring data of the wind speed sensor 5 and the pressure difference sensor 6; the wind speed sensor 5 is respectively installed in the heat dissipation zone, oxidation zone, asphyxiation zone, air intake lane and return air lane of the goaf, and is used to measure the wind speed at different positions, wherein the wind speed sensor adopts a high-precision wind speed sensor for monitoring; the pressure difference sensor 6 is respectively installed in the air intake corner and return air corner of the working face, and dynamically monitors the ventilation pressure difference of the working face.

[0048] In this embodiment, the signal conversion module 14 is used to convert the monitoring data acquired by the intelligent monitoring module 15 from electrical signals to digital signals, and transmit the digital signals to the single chip control module 12 and the display screen 13 .

[0049] In this embodiment, the single chip control module 12 is used to analyze the monitoring data and control the wind window control device 11 according to a given pressure difference threshold feedback to adjust the wind window opening area.

[0050] In specific implementation, it includes the following steps:

[0051] S101: Install negative pressure fan 4, damper 3, and air duct 2 in the return air lane, adjust the horizontal baffle 7 to rotate to a certain angle (such as 45°), open the air leakage hole 9 on the air inlet side, start the negative pressure fan 4, keep the ventilation wind speed and ventilation air volume of the working face at a certain value (such as the wind speed is set to 1m / s), and after the ventilation wind speed stabilizes, read and record the ventilation pressure difference monitoring data of the pressure difference sensor, the working face inlet air volume, and the return air volume, and calculate the air leakage of the goaf under this condition. Among them, if the ventilation pressure difference at the two ends of the working face is too small, the feedback is used to adjust the angle of the horizontal baffle 7 again to increase the ventilation pressure difference at the two ends of the working face.

[0052] S102: Install the pressure-equalizing fan 1, damper 3 and air duct 2 on the air inlet side, install the regulating window 8 on the air return side and set the initial value of the window opening area, start the negative pressure fan 4, and then start the pressure-equalizing fan 1, adjust the air volume of the pressure-equalizing fan, so that the wind speed of the air inlet lane is consistent with the wind speed of the air inlet lane under the condition of S101, that is, the air volume of the working face before and after the pressure equalization remains unchanged, and start the intelligent monitoring and control system;

[0053] S103: After the wind speed of the working face is stable, the monitoring data is transmitted to the single-chip control module 12 through the sensor monitoring module 15, the pressure difference sensor 6 and the wind speed sensor 5 via the signal conversion module 14. The single-chip control module 12 determines whether the ventilation pressure difference is within the specified range according to the pressure difference limit of the working face air inlet corner and the return air corner preset in the module, so as to ensure that the working face air inlet corner and the return air corner are in a "slightly negative pressure" state;

[0054] S104: If the ventilation pressure difference is within the specified range, the single-chip control module 12 does not issue a signal instruction. If the ventilation pressure difference is not within the specified range, the single-chip control module 12 issues a signal instruction after analysis and judgment, and the stepper motor 18 adjusts the opening area of ​​the wind window 8. During the adjustment process, the pressure difference sensor 6 dynamically monitors the changes in the ventilation pressure difference at the air inlet corner and the return air corner of the working surface until the ventilation pressure difference is within the specified range again, and then the opening area of ​​the wind window 8 is adjusted to remain unchanged.

[0055] S105: Calculate the air leakage volume of the goaf under the condition of equal pressure according to the monitoring data of the wind speed sensor 5.

[0056] In addition, the goaf leakage wind speed collected by high-precision wind speed sensors and the comparison of the changes in goaf leakage wind speed before and after pressure equalization can also be used as an indicator to judge the pressure equalization effect.

[0057] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coal mine intelligent pressure equalization experimental device, characterized in that: It includes: The dampers (3) are respectively installed in the air inlet lane and the return air lane in the simulated lane, and a wind tube (2) for ventilation and drainage is installed on the dampers (3), a pressure equalizing fan (1) is installed in the air inlet lane, and a negative pressure fan (4) is installed in the return air lane; A transverse baffle (7) is arranged in the middle of the simulated working surface and its cross section is close to the ventilation cross section of the working surface; The air leakage hole (9) on the air inlet side is arranged above the heat dissipation zone and oxidation zone of the goaf area on the air inlet side; A longitudinal baffle (10) is arranged between the working face and the goaf, and a row of vertical holes is formed on the longitudinal baffle (10); An adjustable wind window (8) is arranged in the return air channel, and a wind window regulating device (11) is provided on the adjustable wind window (8); An intelligent monitoring and control system consisting of an intelligent monitoring module (15), a signal conversion module (14), and a single-chip control module (12); The transverse baffle (7) is rotatably assembled in the direction perpendicular to the working surface, and is used to adjust the opening angle of the transverse baffle (7). The rotation angle adjustment range of the transverse baffle (7) is 0°-90°, and the ventilation resistance of the working surface under different conditions can be simulated; The longitudinal baffle (10) is arranged between the working face and the goaf, and a row of vertical holes is provided on the longitudinal baffle (10) to simulate air leakage between the goaf and the working face; The wind window regulating device (11) comprises: a reel (17) distributed on the regulating wind window (8) and independently regulated by a stepping motor (18); a sealing roller blind (19) is wound on the reel (17); an outer curtain edge of the sealing roller blind (19) is connected to an auxiliary carrier shaft (20); two ends of the auxiliary carrier shaft (20) are rotatably assembled with a slide seat (21); the slide seat (21) is slidably connected to a slide rail (22) installed on the regulating wind window (8); the slide seats (21) on both sides are connected by a connecting spring (16); and the wind window regulating device is respectively installed on the air inlet side and the air outlet side of the regulating wind window (8) and arranged in a vertical structure.

2. The intelligent pressure equalization experimental device for coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air leakage holes (9) on the air inlet side can be regulated to be opened / closed, and are used to simulate air leakage in the goaf under different conditions.

3. The intelligent pressure equalization experimental device for coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat dissipation zone, oxidation zone and asphyxiation zone of the goaf are filled with crushed stone or sand of corresponding particle size range according to the corresponding porosity distribution.

4. The intelligent pressure equalization experimental device for coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent monitoring module (15) dynamically acquires monitoring data from the wind speed sensor (5) and the pressure difference sensor (6); the wind speed sensor (5) is respectively installed in the heat dissipation zone, oxidation zone, suffocation zone, air intake tunnel and return air tunnel of the goaf area, and is used to measure the wind speed at different positions; the pressure difference sensor (6) is respectively installed in the air intake corner and return air corner of the working face, and monitors the ventilation pressure difference at the air intake and return air corners of the working face.

5. The intelligent pressure equalization experimental device for coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal conversion module (14) is used to convert the monitoring data acquired by the intelligent monitoring module (15) from an electrical signal to a digital signal, and transmit the digital signal to the single-chip control module (12) and the display screen (13).

6. The intelligent pressure equalization experimental device for coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The single chip control module (12) is used to analyze monitoring data and feedback-control the wind window control device (11) according to a given pressure difference threshold value to adjust the wind window opening area.

7. A coal mine intelligent pressure equalization test method, using a coal mine intelligent pressure equalization test device as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S101: Install a negative pressure fan (4), a damper (3), and a wind tube (2) in the return air lane, adjust the horizontal baffle (7) to rotate to a certain angle, open the air leakage hole (9) on the air inlet side, start the negative pressure fan (4), maintain the wind speed and air volume of the working face at a certain value, and after the wind speed of the working face is stable, read and record the pressure difference monitoring data, the air volume of the working face inlet, and the air volume of the working face return, and calculate the air leakage of the goaf under this condition; wherein, if the ventilation pressure difference at the corners at both ends of the working face is too small, feedback is used to adjust the angle of the horizontal baffle (7) again to increase the ventilation pressure difference at the corners at both ends of the working face; S102: Install a pressure-equalizing fan (1), a damper (3) and a wind tube (2) on the air inlet side, install an adjustable wind window (8) on the air return side and set the initial value of the wind window opening area, start the negative pressure fan (4), then start the pressure-equalizing fan (1), adjust the air volume of the pressure-equalizing fan, so that the wind speed of the air inlet lane is consistent with the wind speed of the air inlet lane under the conditions of S101, that is, the air volume of the working face before and after the pressure equalization remains unchanged, and start the intelligent monitoring and control system; S103: After the wind speed of the working face is stabilized, the pressure difference sensor (6) and the wind speed sensor (5) start to record the pressure difference at both ends of the working face and the wind speed at each location. The acquired monitoring data is converted by the intelligent monitoring module (15) through the signal conversion module (14) and transmitted to the single-chip control module (12). The single-chip control module (12) determines whether the ventilation pressure difference is within the specified range according to the pressure difference limit values ​​of the inlet corner and the return corner of the working face preset in the module; S104: If the pressure difference between the inlet and return air corners of the working surface is within the specified range, the single-chip control module (12) does not send a signal instruction, and the wind window adjustment device (11) does not operate; if the pressure difference is not within the specified range, the single-chip control module (12) sends a signal instruction after analysis and judgment, and the stepping motor (18) in the wind window control device (11) adjusts the opening area of ​​the wind window (8), and during the adjustment process, the pressure difference sensor (6) dynamically monitors the ventilation pressure difference changes of the inlet and return air corners of the working surface until the ventilation pressure difference is within the specified range again, and then the opening area of ​​the wind window (8) is adjusted to remain unchanged; S105: Calculate the air leakage volume of the goaf under the condition of equal pressure according to the monitoring data of the wind speed sensor (5).

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