An electron beam welding fixture and method for annular metal diaphragm tanks

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of tank welding, in particular to an annular metal diaphragm tank electron beam welding tool and method, the welding tool comprises a welding tailstock, a welding bottom plate, an inner equatorial seam heat dissipation support plate and an outer equatorial seam heat dissipation pressing plate, the welding tailstock is fixed on a welding equipment workbench; the middle of the welding bottom plate is a convex structure, the two sides are groove structures, the middle convex structure is fixed on the welding tailstock through first hexagonal bolts; the inner equatorial seam heat dissipation support plate is fixed below the middle convex structure of the welding bottom plate through second hexagonal bolts; and the outer equatorial seam heat dissipation pressing plate is fixed below the groove structures on the two sides of the welding bottom plate through third hexagonal bolts and hexagonal nuts. The application proposes a welding forming method of surface fusion welding + upper and lower offset welding + modification welding for the difficulty of welding of the annular metal diaphragm tank, and the welding quality risk caused by mutual interference of inner and outer equatorial welds due to melting shrinkage and welding deformation is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of tank welding technology, and more specifically, to an electron beam welding fixture and method for annular metal diaphragm tanks. Background Technology

[0002] Metal diaphragm tanks are propellant management devices suitable for space operations. Their working principle is to achieve the flipping of the metal diaphragm and the extrusion and discharge of propellant through the pressure difference on both sides of the metal diaphragm. Traditional spherical and near-spherical metal diaphragm tanks have low space utilization when installed in aircraft and are not suitable for hollow installation structures.

[0003] To address the shortcomings of traditional metal diaphragm tanks, engineers designed a ring-shaped metal diaphragm tank, which resembles a ring-shaped swimming ring. Both the outer shell and the inner metal diaphragm are ring-shaped structures. This structure effectively improves the tank's installation applicability and space utilization.

[0004] However, the innovative design of the annular metal diaphragm tank also brings technical challenges to its welding and manufacturing, especially in the welding of the tank shell. Compared with the welding of traditional metal diaphragm tanks, the welding of annular metal diaphragm tanks has the following main difficulties: First, in addition to the outer annular curved equatorial weld, an inner annular curved equatorial weld is added to the shell. Traditional welding methods and equipment cannot ensure that the electron beam welding current reaches the inner annular curved equatorial weld. Second, the number of assembly contact surfaces between the metal diaphragm assembly and the shell increases from one to two. When completing the welding of the first assembly contact surface, the melting of materials and welding deformation can easily cause an increase in the assembly gap and misalignment of the other contact surface, thus affecting the weld quality. Finally, the welding of the inner and outer annular curved equatorial welds causes the metal diaphragm assembly to be repeatedly heated, which places more stringent requirements on the welding methods and parameters. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides an electron beam welding fixture and method for annular metal diaphragm tanks, which can solve the welding and manufacturing problems caused by structural innovation and increased weld seams in annular metal diaphragm tanks.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides an electron beam welding fixture for an annular metal diaphragm tank, including a welding tailstock, a welding base plate, an inner equatorial slot heat dissipation support plate, and an outer equatorial slot heat dissipation pressure plate. The welding tailstock is fixed to the worktable of the welding equipment. The welding base plate has a raised structure in the middle and recessed structures on both sides. The raised structure in the middle is fixed to the welding tailstock by a first hexagonal bolt. The inner equatorial slot heat dissipation support plate is fixed below the raised structure in the middle of the welding base plate by a second hexagonal bolt. The outer equatorial slot heat dissipation pressure plate is fixed below the recessed structures on both sides of the welding base plate by a third hexagonal bolt and a hexagonal nut. During welding, the annular metal diaphragm tank is fixed to the recessed structures of the welding base plate by the inner equatorial slot heat dissipation support plate and the outer equatorial slot heat dissipation pressure plate.

[0007] Furthermore, the materials for the welding tailstock and welding base plate are aluminum alloy; the materials for the inner equatorial slot heat dissipation support plate and the outer equatorial slot heat dissipation pressure plate are copper.

[0008] Furthermore, this application also provides a method for welding an annular metal diaphragm tank using an electron beam welding fixture, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Assembling the annular metal diaphragm tank with the welding fixture, and then welding the center points of the inner annular curved equatorial weld and the outer annular curved equatorial weld; Step 2: Welding the center surface of the inner annular curved equatorial weld of the annular metal diaphragm tank; Step 3: Welding the area above the center of the inner annular curved equatorial weld of the annular metal diaphragm tank; Step 4: Welding the area below the center of the inner annular curved equatorial weld of the annular metal diaphragm tank; Step 5: Finishing welding the surface of the inner annular curved equatorial weld of the annular metal diaphragm tank; Step 6: Welding the center surface of the outer annular curved equatorial weld of the annular metal diaphragm tank; Step 7: Performing segmented welding on the center of the outer annular curved equatorial weld of the annular metal diaphragm tank.

[0009] Furthermore, in step 1, the annular metal diaphragm tank is an annular rotating body, including an upper shell assembly, an annular metal diaphragm assembly, and a lower shell assembly, with an inner annular curved equatorial weld seam formed on the inner side and an outer annular curved equatorial weld seam formed on the outer side.

[0010] Further, in step 1, the assembly process of the annular metal diaphragm tank and the welding fixture includes the following steps: Step 1.1: Assemble the upper shell assembly, the annular metal diaphragm assembly, and the lower shell assembly in sequence, ensuring that the misalignment and gap between the inner and outer annular curved surface equatorial welds are ≤0.1mm; Step 1.2: Insert the assembled annular metal diaphragm tank into the welding fixture, and position the annular metal diaphragm tank using the outer equatorial seam heat dissipation plate, hexagonal bolts, and hexagonal nuts; Step 1.3: Adjust the relative position of the shell of the annular metal diaphragm tank and the welding fixture using the end face and outer circle of the welding base plate as a reference; Step 1.4: Measure the runout of the inner and outer annular curved surface equatorial welds in the radial and vertical directions of the entire circumference. When the runout is ≤0.1mm, tighten the annular metal diaphragm tank using hexagonal bolts and hexagonal nuts to complete the assembly of the annular metal diaphragm tank and the welding fixture.

[0011] Furthermore, in step 1, after the annular metal diaphragm tank is assembled with the welding fixture, under vacuum conditions or with argon gas protection on the back of the weld, the inner annular curved surface equatorial weld and the outer annular curved surface equatorial weld are fixedly welded by manual argon arc welding. The inner annular curved surface equatorial weld and the outer annular curved surface equatorial weld are symmetrically and evenly distributed in sequence, and the distance between the weld points is ≤50mm, and the diameter of the weld points is φ2mm-φ4mm.

[0012] Furthermore, in steps 2-5, when welding the equatorial weld of the inner annular curved surface of the annular metal diaphragm tank, the welding fixture and the annular metal diaphragm tank are fixed on the worktable of the welding equipment through the welding tailstock. The relative position between the worktable of the welding equipment and the axis of the electron beam welding gun is adjusted according to the incident angle between the electron beam and the rotation plane of the weld.

[0013] Furthermore, in steps 2-7, the entire worktable of the welding equipment is placed inside the vacuum chamber. After evacuation, when the vacuum degree is <5×10 -2 When pa, the electron beam welding program is started for automatic welding.

[0014] Furthermore, in steps 2 and 6, when fusion welding is performed on the center surfaces of the inner and outer annular curved equatorial welds of the annular metal diaphragm tank, the molten pool covers the width of the welding station.

[0015] Furthermore, during the welding process, the temperature of the annular metal diaphragm assembly at a distance of 20 mm from the inner annular curved equatorial weld and the outer annular curved equatorial weld is ≤250℃.

[0016] The electron beam welding fixture and method for annular metal diaphragm storage tank provided by this invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0017] This application addresses the challenges of welding annular metal diaphragm tanks by optimizing the welding process and methods. It proposes a welding forming method of "surface fusion welding + upper and lower offset welding + finishing welding," which avoids the weld quality risks caused by mutual interference between the inner and outer equatorial welds due to melting shrinkage and welding deformation. This method achieves low-heat welding forming of the diaphragm tank welds, effectively ensuring the product performance of the annular diaphragm tank. Simultaneously, it can meet the welding requirements of products or welds with any shape and size and similar annular structures. The methods described are all completed using tooling and equipment, exhibiting strong versatility and effectively solving the problem of welding the annular curved surface equatorial weld of annular metal diaphragm tanks. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the application and to make other features, objects, and advantages of the application more apparent. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this application are used to explain the application and do not constitute an undue limitation of the application. In the drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an electron beam welding fixture for an annular metal diaphragm tank provided according to an embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the weld seam of an annular metal diaphragm tank according to an embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of an annular metal diaphragm tank assembly according to an embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the assembly of the annular metal diaphragm tank assembly according to the embodiments of this application;

[0023] In the figure: 1-Welding tailstock, 2-Welding base plate, 3-Inner equatorial seam heat dissipation support plate, 4-Outer equatorial seam heat dissipation pressure plate, 5-First hexagonal bolt, 6-Second hexagonal bolt, 7-Third hexagonal bolt, 8-Hexagonal nut, 9-Annular metal diaphragm tank, 10-Upper shell assembly, 11-Annular metal diaphragm assembly, 12-Lower shell assembly, 13-Inner annular curved equatorial weld, 14-Outer annular curved equatorial weld. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0025] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate for the embodiments of this application described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0026] In this application, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "middle," "vertical," "horizontal," "lateral," and "longitudinal" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily for the purpose of better describing this application and its embodiments, and are not intended to limit the indicated device, element, or component to having a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0027] Furthermore, in addition to indicating location or positional relationship, some of the aforementioned terms may also have other meanings. For example, the term "above" may also be used in some cases to indicate a certain dependency or connection relationship. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0028] In addition, the term "multiple" should mean two or more.

[0029] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. This application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, this application provides an electron beam welding fixture for an annular metal diaphragm tank, including a welding tailstock 1, a welding base plate 2, an inner equatorial slot heat dissipation support plate 3, and an outer equatorial slot heat dissipation pressure plate 4. The welding tailstock 1 is fixed to the worktable of the welding equipment. The welding base plate 2 has a raised structure in the middle and recessed structures on both sides. The raised structure in the middle is fixed to the welding tailstock 1 by a first hexagonal bolt 5. The inner equatorial slot heat dissipation support plate 3 is fixed below the raised structure in the middle of the welding base plate 2 by a second hexagonal bolt 6. The outer equatorial slot heat dissipation pressure plate 4 is fixed below the recessed structures on both sides of the welding base plate 2 by a third hexagonal bolt 7 and a hexagonal nut 8. During welding, the annular metal diaphragm tank 9 is fixed to the recessed structure of the welding base plate 2 by the inner equatorial slot heat dissipation support plate 3 and the outer equatorial slot heat dissipation pressure plate 4.

[0031] Specifically, the electron beam welding fixture for the annular metal diaphragm tank provided in this application embodiment is mainly used to fix the annular metal diaphragm tank 9 during the welding process, and then to weld all components of the tank through the electron beam current of the welding gun. The welding base plate 2 is fixed to the welding tailstock 1 by the first hexagonal bolt 5. The inner equatorial seam heat dissipation support plate 3 is fixed to the lower part of the middle protrusion structure of the welding base plate 2 by the second hexagonal bolt 6. The outer equatorial seam heat dissipation pressure plate 4 is fixed to the lower part of the groove structure on both sides of the welding base plate 2 by the third hexagonal bolt 7 and the hexagonal nut 8. The inner equatorial seam heat dissipation support plate 3 and the outer equatorial seam heat dissipation pressure plate 4 are used to fix the annular metal diaphragm tank 9 on one hand, and can absorb the heat during the welding of the inner and outer equatorial seams to prevent the metal diaphragm from being damaged by the high temperature of welding on the other hand. During assembly, the components of the annular metal diaphragm tank 9 are put into the tooling, and then the outer equatorial seam heat dissipation pressure plate 4, the third hexagonal bolt 7 and the hexagonal nut 8 are used to position and adjust the tank. The dimensions of the contact surfaces of the welding base plate 2, the inner equatorial seam heat dissipation support plate 3, the outer equatorial seam heat dissipation pressure plate 4 and the annular metal diaphragm tank 9 are completely consistent and fit tightly.

[0032] Furthermore, the materials for the welding tailstock 1 and welding base plate 2 are aluminum alloy; the materials for the inner equatorial slot heat dissipation support plate 3 and the outer equatorial slot heat dissipation pressure plate 4 are copper. The materials for the main components of the tooling need to be non-magnetic metal materials with good thermal conductivity that do not affect the deflection of the electron beam; the welding tailstock 1 and welding base plate 2 are large in size and have a complex structure, so aluminum alloy is selected; the inner equatorial slot heat dissipation support plate 3 and the outer equatorial slot heat dissipation pressure plate 4 have a large contact area with the annular metal diaphragm tank 9 and are close to the weld, so copper, which has better thermal conductivity and heat dissipation effect, is selected as the material.

[0033] Furthermore, to ensure the smooth development and mass production of the annular metal diaphragm tank 9, and considering its structural characteristics and performance requirements, this application embodiment also provides a method for welding the annular metal diaphragm tank using an electron beam welding fixture. This method can solve the technical difficulties in the welding and manufacturing process of the annular metal diaphragm tank 9, and specifically includes the following steps:

[0034] Step 1: Assemble the annular metal diaphragm tank 9 with the welding fixture. After assembly, weld the center points of the inner annular curved surface equatorial weld 13 and the outer annular curved surface equatorial weld 14. The annular metal diaphragm tank 9 is an overall annular rotating body, such as... Figure 2-4 As shown, the assembly includes an upper housing assembly 10, an annular metal diaphragm assembly 11, and a lower housing assembly 12, with an inner annular curved equatorial weld 13 formed on the inner side and an outer annular curved equatorial weld 14 formed on the outer side.

[0035] Specifically, the assembly process of the annular metal diaphragm tank 9 with the welding fixture includes the following steps:

[0036] Step 1.1: Assemble the upper shell assembly 10, the annular metal diaphragm assembly 11, and the lower shell assembly 12 in sequence, with the misalignment and gap between the inner annular curved equatorial weld 13 and the outer annular curved equatorial weld 14 being ≤0.1mm; then assemble the welding fixture; fix the welding base plate 2 to the welding tailstock 1 with the first hexagonal bolt 5, fix the inner equatorial seam heat dissipation support plate 3 to the lower part of the middle protrusion structure of the welding base plate 2 with the second hexagonal bolt 6, and fix the outer equatorial seam heat dissipation pressure plate 4 to the lower part of the groove structure on both sides of the welding base plate 2 with the third hexagonal bolt 7 and hexagonal nut 8;

[0037] Step 1.2: The assembled annular metal diaphragm tank 9 is installed into the inside of the welding fixture. The contact surface between the welding fixture and the tank is a rotating curved surface that is the same as the outer curved surface of the tank shell. The annular metal diaphragm tank 9 is positioned by the outer equatorial seam heat dissipation pressure plate 4, the third hexagonal bolt 7 and the hexagonal nut 8.

[0038] Step 1.3: Adjust the relative position of the shell of the annular metal diaphragm tank 9 and the welding fixture with the end face and outer circle of the welding base plate 2 as the reference to ensure that the weld plane is consistent with the angle between the electron beam vector and the weld during rotary welding.

[0039] Step 1.4: Measure the runout of the inner annular curved equatorial weld 13 and the outer annular curved equatorial weld 14 in the radial and vertical directions of the entire circumference. When it is ≤0.1mm, tighten the annular metal diaphragm tank 9 with the third hexagonal bolt 7 and hexagonal nut 8 to complete the assembly of the annular metal diaphragm tank 9 with the welding fixture.

[0040] After the annular metal diaphragm tank 9 is assembled with the welding fixture, under vacuum conditions or with argon gas protection on the back of the weld, the inner annular curved surface equatorial weld 13 and the outer annular curved surface equatorial weld 14 are fixedly welded by manual argon arc welding. The inner annular curved surface equatorial weld 13 and the outer annular curved surface equatorial weld 14 are welded symmetrically and evenly in sequence, and the distance between the weld points is ≤50mm, and the diameter of the weld points is φ2mm-φ4mm, so as to avoid the increase of weld gap and misalignment caused by weld melting and welding deformation.

[0041] After the welding is completed, the welding fixture and the annular metal diaphragm tank 9 are fixed on the worktable of the welding equipment by the welding tailstock 1. Before welding the equatorial weld of the inner annular curved surface of the annular metal diaphragm tank, the relative position between the worktable of the welding equipment and the axis of the electron beam welding gun is adjusted to the required size according to the incident angle α between the electron beam and the plane of rotation of the weld. When welding the weld at this incident angle, the electron beam should ensure that it does not interfere with the tank and the fixture parts.

[0042] Step 2: Perform fusion welding on the center surface of the inner annular curved equatorial weld 13 of the annular metal diaphragm tank 9; close the vacuum chamber door of the welding equipment workbench and start the vacuum pumping program until the vacuum degree in the vacuum chamber is better than 5×10⁻⁶. - 2 After Pa, adjust the beam spot to align with the center of the weld. If the beam spot is not aligned with the center of the weld, then follow step 1 to fine-tune the relative position between the worktable of the welding equipment and the axis of the electron beam welding gun. Use the welding specifications of 50-60Kv acceleration voltage, 6-10mA electron beam current and 8-12mm / s to complete the fusion welding of the center surface of the inner annular curved equatorial weld 13.

[0043] Step 3: Perform fusion welding above the center of the inner annular curved surface equatorial weld 13 of the annular metal diaphragm tank 9; after step 2 is completed, adjust the beam spot to be aligned with the position 0.5-1.5mm above the center of the inner annular curved surface equatorial weld 13, and complete the fusion welding above the center of the inner annular curved surface equatorial weld 13 using the welding specifications of accelerating voltage 50-60Kv, electron beam current 12-20mA, and welding speed 8-12mm / s.

[0044] Step 4: Perform fusion welding below the center of the inner annular curved surface equatorial weld 13 of the annular metal diaphragm tank 9; after step 3 is completed, adjust the beam spot to a position 0-1mm below the center of the inner annular curved surface equatorial weld 13, and complete the fusion welding below the center of the inner annular curved surface equatorial weld 13 using welding specifications of accelerating voltage 50-60Kv, electron beam current 12-20mA, and welding speed 8-12mm / s.

[0045] Step 5: Perform finishing welding on the surface of the inner annular curved equatorial weld 13 of the annular metal diaphragm tank 9; after step 4 is completed, adjust the beam spot to the center position of the inner annular curved equatorial weld 13, and complete the finishing welding on the surface of the inner annular curved equatorial weld 13 using the welding specifications of accelerating voltage 50-60Kv, electron beam current 12-20mA, and welding speed 8-12mm / s.

[0046] Step 6: Perform fusion welding on the center surface of the equatorial weld 14 of the outer annular curved surface of the annular metal diaphragm tank 9; after completing Step 5, maintain the vacuum chamber in a vacuum state for at least 15 minutes, open the vacuum chamber inflation valve, and open the vacuum chamber door after inflation is complete; then, as in Step 1, re-fix the welding fixture and the annular metal diaphragm tank 9 onto the welding equipment worktable using the welding tailstock 1, ensuring that the electron beam is perpendicular to the weld rotation plane; close the vacuum chamber door of the welding equipment and start the vacuuming program until the vacuum degree in the vacuum chamber is better than 5×10⁻⁶. -2 After adjusting the beam spot to align with the center of the outer annular curved equatorial weld 14, the surface of the outer annular curved equatorial weld 14 was fused and welded using welding specifications of 50-60Kv acceleration voltage, 6-10mA electron beam current, and 8-12mm / s welding speed.

[0047] Step 7: Perform segmented fusion welding on the center of the outer annular curved equatorial weld 14 of the annular metal diaphragm tank 9; after step 6, adjust the beam spot to the center position of the outer annular curved equatorial weld 14, and complete the welding of the outer annular curved equatorial weld 14 in segments using the welding specifications of accelerating voltage 50-60Kv, electron beam current 12-20mA, and welding speed 8-12mm / s.

[0048] Furthermore, in the above steps, the assembly, welding and transportation of the storage tank must be carried out in order to prevent permanent deformation and mechanical damage caused by squeezing and bumping. The geometric tolerances and form and position tolerances of the process equipment used must be effectively guaranteed to ensure the accuracy requirements of the assembly measurement process. At the same time, these process equipment must be inspected and qualified on a regular basis before they can be used to prevent the reduction of accuracy caused by failure, deformation and wear.

[0049] Furthermore, in steps 3 and 4, the method of offset welding along the weld center twice can ensure weld quality and the maximum temperature requirement of the metal diaphragm.

[0050] Furthermore, in steps 2 and 6, when the inner annular curved equatorial weld 13 and the outer annular curved equatorial weld 14 of the annular metal diaphragm tank 9 are fused together, the molten pool covers the width of the welding station. By performing surface fusion welding in steps 2 and 6 before the formal welding of the weld, the assembly misalignment of the weld and the cleanliness of the weld joint surface can be further improved, which is conducive to ensuring the quality of the weld.

[0051] Furthermore, this application is applicable to electron beam welding of the inner and outer annular curved equatorial seams of the annular metal diaphragm tank 9. The welds obtained by welding using the embodiments of this application meet the Class I weld requirements in GJB1718A-2007. During the welding process, it should be ensured that the penetration depth of the inner and outer annular curved equatorial welds and the temperature control of the metal diaphragm assembly meet the design requirements, that is, the temperature at 20 mm from the annular curved equatorial weld 13 and the outer annular curved equatorial weld 14 within the distance of the annular metal diaphragm assembly 11 is ≤250℃.

[0052] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An electron beam welding fixture for an annular metal diaphragm storage tank, characterized in that, This includes a welded tailstock, a welded base plate, an inner equatorial seam heat dissipation support plate, and an outer equatorial seam heat dissipation pressure plate, wherein: The welding tailstock is fixed to the worktable of the welding equipment; The welding base plate has a raised structure in the middle and grooved structures on both sides. The raised structure in the middle is fixed to the welding tailstock by a first hexagonal bolt. The inner equatorial slot heat dissipation support plate is fixed below the middle protruding structure of the welded base plate by a second hexagonal bolt. The outer equatorial slot heat dissipation plate is fixed below the groove structure on both sides of the welded base plate by a third hexagonal bolt and a hexagonal nut; During welding, the annular metal diaphragm tank is fixed at the groove structure of the welding base plate by the inner equatorial seam heat dissipation support plate and the outer equatorial seam heat dissipation pressure plate. The inner equatorial seam heat dissipation support plate and the outer equatorial seam heat dissipation pressure plate serve two purposes: firstly, to fix the annular metal diaphragm tank, and secondly, to absorb the heat generated during the welding of the inner and outer equatorial seams. The welding tailstock and the welding base plate are made of aluminum alloy; the inner equatorial slot heat dissipation support plate and the outer equatorial slot heat dissipation pressure plate are made of copper.

2. A method for welding an annular metal diaphragm tank using the electron beam welding fixture described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Assemble the annular metal diaphragm tank with the welding fixture. After assembly, fix the center points of the inner annular curved surface equatorial weld and the outer annular curved surface equatorial weld. Step 2: Perform fusion welding on the center surface of the inner annular curved equatorial weld of the annular metal diaphragm tank; Step 3: Perform fusion welding above the center of the equatorial weld seam on the inner annular curved surface of the annular metal diaphragm tank; Step 4: Perform fusion welding below the center of the equatorial weld seam on the inner annular curved surface of the annular metal diaphragm tank; Step 5: Repair and weld the surface of the inner annular curved equatorial weld of the annular metal diaphragm tank; Step 6: Perform fusion welding on the center surface of the equatorial weld seam on the outer annular curved surface of the annular metal diaphragm tank; Step 7: Perform segmented fusion welding on the center of the equatorial weld seam on the outer annular curved surface of the annular metal diaphragm tank.

3. The method for welding an annular metal diaphragm storage tank using electron beam welding fixtures according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step 1, the annular metal diaphragm tank is an annular rotating body, including an upper shell assembly, an annular metal diaphragm assembly, and a lower shell assembly. An inner annular curved equatorial weld is formed on the inner side, and an outer annular curved equatorial weld is formed on the outer side.

4. The method for welding an annular metal diaphragm storage tank using electron beam welding fixtures according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step 1, the assembly process of the annular metal diaphragm tank and the welding fixture includes the following steps: Step 1.1: Assemble the upper shell assembly, the annular metal diaphragm assembly, and the lower shell assembly in sequence, and ensure that the misalignment and gap between the inner annular curved equatorial weld and the outer annular curved equatorial weld are ≤0.1mm; Step 1.2: Install the assembled annular metal diaphragm tank into the welding fixture, and position the annular metal diaphragm tank using the outer equatorial seam heat dissipation pressure plate, the third hexagonal bolt, and the hexagonal nut; Step 1.3: Adjust the relative positions of the shell of the annular metal diaphragm tank and the welding fixture using the end face and outer circle of the welding base plate as a reference; Step 1.4: Measure the runout of the inner and outer annular curved surface equatorial welds in the radial and vertical directions of the entire circumference. When the runout is ≤0.1mm, tighten the annular metal diaphragm tank with the third hexagonal bolt and hexagonal nut to complete the assembly of the annular metal diaphragm tank with the welding fixture.

5. The method for welding an annular metal diaphragm storage tank using electron beam welding fixtures according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step 1, after the annular metal diaphragm tank is assembled with the welding fixture, under vacuum conditions or with argon gas protection on the back of the weld, the inner annular curved surface equatorial weld and the outer annular curved surface equatorial weld are fixed by manual argon arc welding. The inner annular curved surface equatorial weld and the outer annular curved surface equatorial weld are welded symmetrically and evenly in sequence, and the distance between the weld points is ≤50mm, and the diameter of the weld points is Φ2mm-Φ4mm.

6. The method for welding an annular metal diaphragm storage tank using electron beam welding fixtures according to claim 2, characterized in that, In steps 2-5, when welding the equatorial weld of the inner annular curved surface of the annular metal diaphragm tank, the welding fixture and the annular metal diaphragm tank are fixed on the worktable of the welding equipment through the welding tailstock. The relative position between the worktable of the welding equipment and the axis of the electron beam welding gun is adjusted according to the incident angle between the electron beam and the plane of rotation of the weld.

7. The method for welding an annular metal diaphragm storage tank using electron beam welding fixtures according to claim 6, characterized in that, In steps 2-7, the entire worktable of the welding equipment is placed inside the vacuum chamber. After evacuation, when the vacuum level is <5×10 -2 When Pa is reached, the electron beam welding program is started for automatic welding.

8. The method for welding an annular metal diaphragm storage tank using electron beam welding fixtures according to claim 7, characterized in that, In steps 2 and 6, when fusion welding is performed on the center surfaces of the inner and outer annular curved equatorial welds of the annular metal diaphragm tank, the molten pool covers the width of the welding station.

9. The method for welding an annular metal diaphragm storage tank using electron beam welding fixtures according to claim 3, characterized in that, During the welding process, the temperature of the annular metal diaphragm assembly at a distance of 20 mm from the inner annular curved surface equatorial weld and the outer annular curved surface equatorial weld is ≤250℃.

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