A method and device for adding sediment to a river model test

Abstract

The application discloses a method and device for adding sand to movable bed material in a river model test, and relates to the technical field of river model test. The application comprises a base, a sliding seat, a supporting seat, a lead screw, a joint control mechanism, a belt, a scraper, a lifting control mechanism, a cooling mechanism, a power supply mechanism and the like. According to the application, the height of the belt can be adjusted as required, and the adhered silt on the belt after conveying can be scraped and cleaned automatically during the movable bed material sand adding experiment. In addition, the scraper for scraping and cleaning can be cooled by the cooling mechanism, so that the friction between the scraper and the belt is not too severe, and the service life of the scraper and the belt is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of river engineering model testing technology, specifically a method and apparatus for adding bedload to river engineering model tests. Background Technology

[0002] In water conservancy projects, the movement of bedload in the river channel has a significant impact. For example, waterway regulation, sand control at water intakes, and wear and tear of power station units are all closely related to the movement of bedload. Therefore, the movement law of bedload and its impact on the project are important research contents. In river engineering model tests, it is necessary to incorporate the sediment transport rate process of bedload sediment converted according to the model similarity scale into the model. Belt conveyors are usually used as the bedload addition device in the test.

[0003] However, traditional belt conveyors cannot adjust the height of the conveyor belt as needed when transporting bedload sediment, which limits their use. In addition, during the experiment, the sediment adhering to the belt conveyor cannot be effectively cleaned, which can easily contaminate the next sediment sample when it is transported, thus affecting the accuracy of the experiment.

[0004] CN205636630U discloses a river engineering model test system, including a test chamber, a main controller, a simulated water pressure device, and a simulated water flow device. The simulated water pressure device includes an air pump connected to the test chamber via an air pipe. The simulated water flow device includes a water pump connected to the test chamber via a water pipe. The test chamber is a sealed box, and a river channel model is laid inside. The river channel model is horizontally arranged in the left-right direction, and a bedload addition device is provided on the upper left surface of the river channel model. The bedload addition device includes a addition container, a sand and gravel mixing mechanism, a support frame, and an automatic sand conveying mechanism. The addition container, sand and gravel mixing mechanism, and automatic sand conveying mechanism are arranged sequentially on the support frame from top to bottom. This utility model has a high degree of automation, strong adaptability to complex test conditions, and can simulate river pressure conditions in different river sections. However, the bedload addition device in this technology cannot solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0005] To address these issues, we propose a method and apparatus for bedload sediment addition in river engineering model experiments. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides a method and apparatus for bedload sand addition in river engineering model tests, aiming to solve at least one of the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] The present invention achieves its objective by employing the following technical solution:

[0008] A method for adding bedload in a river engineering model test, using a bedload adding device for the river engineering model test, includes the following steps:

[0009] S1: Rotate the handle sand sample on the base sand sample, the handle sand sample drives the worm sand sample to rotate, the worm sand sample drives the two worm wheel sand sample to rotate, the two worm wheel sand sample drives the lead screw sand sample to rotate, the two lead screw sand sample synchronously drives a support sand sample to rise and fall in a sliding sand sample, and the pulley sand sample at the top of the two support sand samples drives the belt sand sample sleeved on it to rise and fall.

[0010] S2: Lay the sand sample on the belt sand sample, start the drive mechanism, the sand sample drives the belt 7 through the belt pulley, and transport the laid sand sample to the river model, which is recorded as the first sand sample and the required experimental data is recorded.

[0011] S3: After the first sand sample is transported to the river model, the scraper sand sample below the conveyor belt sand sample scrapes off the sand sample remaining on the conveyor belt sand sample, and the scraped sand sample falls into the sand sample collection hopper.

[0012] S4: Repeat the sand sample laying operation in S2, and obtain the corresponding experimental data of the second, third and so on sand samples in sequence;

[0013] S5: Experimental data collection is complete. Stop drive mechanism 8 and clean collection hopper 14.

[0014] A bedload feeding device for a river engineering model test includes a base sand sample, on which two sliding sand samples are fixedly mounted. Each sliding sand sample has a supporting sand sample slidably connected to it. The top of each supporting sand sample extends from the sliding sand sample and is rotatably connected to a pulley sand sample. The two pulley sand samples are connected by a belt sand sample, one of which is connected to a drive mechanism sand sample. A control mechanism sand sample is provided within the base sand sample, including a control cavity sand sample formed within the base sand sample. The control chamber sand sample is equipped with a worm sand sample that is horizontally rotatably mounted on the base sand sample. One end of the worm sand sample extends out of the base sand sample and is connected to the throttle sand sample. The slide sand sample is equipped with a lead screw sand sample that is vertically rotatably mounted. The upper part of the lead screw sand sample is threadedly connected to the corresponding support sand sample, and the bottom extends into the base sand sample and is fixedly sleeved with a worm wheel sand sample in the control chamber sand sample. The worm wheel sand sample meshes with the worm sand sample. The bottom of the belt sand sample abuts against a scraper sand sample, and a collection hopper sand sample is located below the scraper sand sample.

[0015] In the aforementioned bedload sand-adding device for the river engineering model test, the driving mechanism sand sample includes a driving box sand sample, a driving motor sand sample fixed outside the driving box sand sample, the output end of the driving motor sand sample extends into the driving box sand sample and connects to the bevel gear set sand sample, the bevel gear set sand sample meshes with the gear on the transmission shaft of the pulley sand sample; the driving box sand sample is fixed on a support sand sample.

[0016] In the aforementioned bedload sand-adding device for the river engineering model test, the scraper sand sample is floating in the vertical end of an L-shaped guide sand sample with an internal cavity, and the horizontal end of the L-shaped guide sand sample is connected to a support sand sample; a lifting control mechanism sand sample is provided in the cavity, which includes an electric actuator sand sample fixedly installed at the horizontal end, and the push rod of the electric actuator sand sample is connected to a piston plate sand sample; at the corner of the L-shaped guide sand sample, the bottom of the piston plate sand sample and the scraper sand sample are filled with coolant sand sample.

[0017] In the aforementioned bedload sand-addition device for the river engineering model test, a cooling mechanism sand sample is provided on the L-shaped guide sand sample. The cooling mechanism sand sample consists of multiple semiconductor cooling rod sand samples that extend into the L-shaped guide sand sample and contact the coolant sand sample.

[0018] In the aforementioned bedload sand-addition device for the river engineering model test, a power supply mechanism sand sample is provided in the drive mechanism sand sample. The power supply mechanism sand sample includes a concave permanent magnet block sand sample fixedly installed on the output end of the drive motor sand sample. A coil sand sample is provided between the magnetic poles at both ends of the concave permanent magnet block sand sample. The coil sand sample is fixed to the inner wall of the drive box sand sample through the support block sand sample. The coil sand sample and the semiconductor cooling rod sand sample are connected in series.

[0019] In the aforementioned bedload sand feeding device for the river engineering model test, the sand sample in the receiving hopper is fixed to the sand sample on the base by two hydraulic cylinders; the lower end of the sand sample in the receiving hopper is provided with a discharge pipe sand sample, and the discharge pipe sand sample is provided with a solenoid valve sand sample; a vibrating motor sand sample is installed on the sand sample in the receiving hopper.

[0020] Beneficial effects

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. The present invention can control the synchronous rotation of two lead screws through the set interlocking mechanism, thereby controlling the synchronous lifting and lowering of two slides, and thus controlling the belt to adjust the working height;

[0023] 2. The present invention, through the scraper, can work in conjunction with the conveyor belt to automatically scrape and clean the mud and sand adhering to it after the belt is conveyed;

[0024] 3. The present invention can control the scraper to rise and fall through the lifting control mechanism, which makes it easy for the user to control the clamping force between the scraper and the belt, so that the scraper can better scrape off the mud and sand on the belt.

[0025] 4. The present invention, through the cooling mechanism, can work with the coolant in the lifting control mechanism to cool the scraper, thereby preventing the scraper from overheating during long-term friction with the belt, which would affect the service life of the scraper and the belt.

[0026] 5. The present invention, through the power supply mechanism, can convert the mechanical energy generated by the drive mechanism into electrical energy to power the cooling mechanism, thus avoiding the cumbersome external power supply required for the cooling mechanism.

[0027] In summary, the design of this invention allows for the adjustment of the belt's operating height as needed. Furthermore, during the bedload sand addition experiment, it can automatically scrape and clean the mud and sand adhering to the belt after transport. The scraper used for scraping and cleaning can automatically cool down to prevent excessive heat generation from friction between the scraper and the belt, which would affect the service life of both the scraper and the belt. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a front view schematic diagram (including partial perspective) of the bedload sand-addition device in a river engineering model test;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a frontal view of the internal structure of the steering drive mechanism;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the L-shaped guide seat and scraper working together in the frontal view.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a hydraulic cylinder and its connection structure.

[0033] Reference numerals: 1-base, 2-slide, 3-support seat, 4-lead screw, 5-interlocking mechanism, 51-interlocking cavity, 52-worm gear, 53-worm wheel, 6-pulley, 7-belt, 8-drive mechanism, 81-drive box, 82-drive motor, 83-bevel gear set, 9-L-shaped guide seat, 10-scraper, 11-lifting control mechanism, 111-electric push rod, 112-piston plate, 113-coolant, 12-cooling mechanism, 121-semiconductor cooling rod, 13-power supply mechanism, 131-concave permanent magnet block, 132-coil, 14-collecting hopper, 15-rotor, 16-hydraulic cylinder, 17-discharge pipe, 18-solenoid valve, 19-vibration motor, 20-support block. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] It should be noted that the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not explicitly listed or that are inherent to such process, method, product, or device.

[0036] In this invention, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "middle," "vertical," "horizontal," "lateral," and "longitudinal" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily for the purpose of better describing the invention and its embodiments, and are not intended to limit the indicated devices, elements, or components to having a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0037] Furthermore, some of the aforementioned terms, besides indicating direction or positional relationships, may also have other meanings. For example, the term "above" may, in certain circumstances, indicate a dependency or connection. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0038] Furthermore, the terms "installation," "setup," "equipped with," "connection," "linking," and "socketing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or an internal connection between two devices, components, or parts. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0039] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0040] Example. A bedload addition device for a river engineering model test, such as... Figure 1-4As shown, the device includes a base 1, on which two slides 2 are fixedly mounted, and each slide 2 is slidably connected to a support seat 3. Each slide 2 is rotatably connected to a lead screw 4, and the lead screw 4 is threadedly connected to the corresponding support seat 3. The base 1 is provided with a control mechanism 5 that cooperates with the two lead screws 4. The control mechanism 5 consists of a control cavity 51, a worm 52, and two worm wheels 53. The control cavity 51 is opened on the base 1, and the lower ends of the two lead screws 4 extend into the control cavity 51 and are fixedly sleeved with the corresponding worm wheels 53. The worm 52 is rotatably mounted in the control cavity 51 and meshes with the two worm wheels 53. Through the transmission cooperation of the worm 52 and the two worm wheels 53, it is convenient for the operator to operate the two lead screws 4 to rotate synchronously.

[0041] One end of the worm 52 passes through the control cavity 51 and is fixedly connected to a throttle 15. The unfolded helix angle of the worm 52 is smaller than the friction angle between the worm 52 and the worm wheel 53. The throttle 15 is designed to facilitate the operation of the worm 52 by the operator. The unfolded helix angle design of the worm 52 can achieve self-locking between the worm 52 and the worm wheel 53, so as to avoid the tediousness of manual locking.

[0042] Both support bases 3 are rotatably equipped with pulleys 6, and the two pulleys 6 are connected by a belt 7. One of the support bases 3 is equipped with a drive mechanism 8 that cooperates with the corresponding pulley 6. The drive mechanism 8 consists of a drive box 81, a drive motor 82, and a bevel gear set 83. The drive box 81 is fixedly mounted on one of the support bases 3, and the drive motor 82 is fixedly mounted on the drive box 81. The output end of the drive motor 82 extends into the drive box 81 and is connected to the drive shaft of the corresponding pulley 6 through the bevel gear set 83. Through the transmission cooperation of the bevel gear set 83, the drive motor 82 can control the rotation of the pulley 6. At the same time, the bevel gear set 83 can reduce the speed and prevent the belt 7 from moving too fast.

[0043] An L-shaped guide seat 9 is fixedly installed on one of the support seats 3, and a scraper 10 that cooperates with the belt 7 is slidably installed on the L-shaped guide seat 9. A lifting control mechanism 11 that cooperates with the scraper 10 is installed on the L-shaped guide seat 9. The lifting control mechanism 11 consists of an electric push rod 111, a piston plate 112 and coolant 113. The electric push rod 111 is fixedly installed in the L-shaped guide seat 9, and the piston plate 112 is fixedly connected to the output end of the electric push rod 111. The piston plate 112 is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the L-shaped guide seat 9, and the coolant 113 is injected between the piston plate 112 and the scraper 10. The electric push rod 111 can control the movement of the piston plate 112, control the pressure of the piston plate 112 on the coolant 113, and thus control the squeezing force of the coolant 113 on the scraper 10, thereby realizing the lifting and lowering adjustment of the scraper 10.

[0044] The L-shaped guide seat 9 is equipped with a cooling mechanism 12 that cooperates with the scraper 10, and the drive mechanism 8 is equipped with a power supply mechanism 13 that cooperates with the cooling mechanism 12. The cooling mechanism 12 is composed of multiple semiconductor cooling rods 121, each of which is fixedly mounted on the L-shaped guide seat 9. The cooling end of the semiconductor cooling rod 121 extends into the inner cavity of the L-shaped guide seat 9 and contacts the coolant 113. The semiconductor cooling rods 121 can cool the coolant 113, thereby accelerating the cooling of the scraper 10. The power supply mechanism 13 consists of a concave permanent magnet block 1. It consists of a 31 and a coil 132. The concave permanent magnet block 131 is fixedly set on the output end of the drive motor 82. The coil 132 is fixedly connected to the drive box 81 through the support block 20. The coil 132 is located between the magnetic poles at both ends of the concave permanent magnet block 131. The coil 132 is connected in series with each semiconductor cooling rod 121. The concave permanent magnet block 131 can rotate synchronously with the output end of the drive motor 82, so that the coil 132 continuously cuts the magnetic field lines to generate current, which powers the semiconductor cooling rod 121, avoiding the cumbersome external power supply of the semiconductor cooling rod 121.

[0045] A receiving hopper 14, which cooperates with the scraper 10, is fixedly installed on the base 1. Two hydraulic cylinders 16 are fixedly installed on the base 1, and the output ends of the two hydraulic cylinders 16 are fixedly connected to the receiving hopper 14. The hydraulic cylinders 16 are set up so that the user can control the height of the receiving hopper 14. The lower end of the receiving hopper 14 is fixedly connected to the discharge pipe 17, and the discharge pipe 17 is equipped with a solenoid valve 18. A vibration motor 19 is installed on the receiving hopper 14. The discharge pipe 17 is set up so that the staff can discharge the mud and sand collected in the receiving hopper 14 later. The solenoid valve 18 is set up so that the staff can open and close the discharge pipe 17. The vibration motor 19 is set up so that the receiving hopper 14 can vibrate during the discharge process to speed up the discharge of the receiving hopper 14.

[0046] The method for adding sediment using the bedload addition device described in the above-mentioned river engineering model test includes the following steps:

[0047] S1: Rotate the handle 15 on the base 1. The handle 15 drives the worm 52 to rotate. The worm 52 drives the two worm wheels 53 to rotate. The two worm wheels 53 drive the lead screw 4 to rotate. The two lead screws 4 drive the support seat 3 to rise and fall in a slide 2. The pulleys 6 on the top of the two support seats 3 drive the belt 7 sleeved on them to rise and fall.

[0048] S2: Lay the sand sample on the belt 7, start the drive mechanism 8 to drive the belt 7 through the pulley 6, and transport the laid sand sample to the river model. Record it as the first sand sample and record the required experimental data.

[0049] S3: After the first sand sample is transported to the river model, the scraper 10 below the belt 7 scrapes off the sand sample remaining on the belt 7, and the scraped sand sample falls into the collection hopper 14.

[0050] S4: Repeat the sand sample laying operation in S2, and obtain the corresponding experimental data of the second, third and so on sand samples in sequence;

[0051] S5: Experimental data collection is complete. Stop drive mechanism 8 and clean collection hopper 14.

[0052] The operating principle of the above technology is as follows: When using this device, first turn the handle 15. The handle 15 will drive the worm gear 52 to rotate. Under the transmission cooperation of the two worm gears 53, the two lead screws 4 will rotate synchronously, causing the two slides 2 to rise and fall synchronously. Then, the two slides 2 will drive the belt 7 to rise and fall synchronously. When the belt 7 rises and falls to the required height, stop turning the handle 15. Next, control the electric actuator 111, so that the electric actuator 111 controls the piston plate 112 to move and squeeze the coolant 113. Under the hydraulic action of the coolant 113, the scraper 10 will rise and press against the belt 7. Then, the sludge to be transported will be placed on the belt 7. Next, start the drive motor 82. The drive motor 82 will control one of the pulleys 6 to rotate through the bevel gear set 83. With the transmission of belt 7, the two pulleys 6 will rotate synchronously, and belt 7 will transport the pushed sediment to the model river channel. After the conveying is completed, as belt 7 continues to move, the sediment adhering to it will be scraped off by scraper 10 and fall into collection hopper 14, realizing automatic cleaning of belt 7, so as to facilitate the addition of the next sand sample. During the rotation of the output end of drive motor 82, it will drive concave permanent magnet block 131 to rotate, so that coil 132 continuously cuts the magnetic field lines on concave permanent magnet block 131 to generate current, which powers semiconductor cooling rod 121. After semiconductor cooling rod 121 is powered on, it will cool coolant 113 to accelerate the cooling of scraper 10 and avoid excessive heat generation from friction between scraper 10 and belt 7.

[0053] This invention relates to circuits, electronic components, and modules, all of which are existing technologies and can be fully implemented by those skilled in the art. The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for bedload sediment addition in river engineering model tests, characterized in that: The bedload addition device of the river engineering model test is used for adding sand. The bedload addition device of the river engineering model test includes a base (1), two slides (2) are fixedly installed on the base (1), and a support seat (3) is slidably connected in each slide (2). The top of the support seat (3) extends out from the slide (2) and is rotatably connected to a pulley (6). The two pulleys (6) are connected by a belt (7), and one of the pulleys (6) is connected to a drive mechanism (8). The base (1) is provided with a control mechanism (5), which includes a control cavity (5) opened in the base (1). 1) A worm (52) is provided in the control cavity (51) and is rotatably mounted on the base (1). One end of the worm (52) extends out of the base (1) and is connected to the throttle (15). A lead screw (4) is rotatably mounted in the slide (2). The upper part of the lead screw (4) is threadedly connected to the corresponding support seat (3). The bottom of the lead screw (4) extends into the base (1) and is fixedly sleeved with a worm wheel (53) in the control cavity (51). The worm wheel (53) meshes with the worm (52). The bottom of the belt (7) abuts against a scraper (10). A collection hopper (14) is provided below the scraper (10). The scraper (10) is floating in the vertical end of the L-shaped guide seat (9) which has an internal cavity. The horizontal end of the L-shaped guide seat (9) is connected to the support seat (3). A lifting control mechanism (11) is provided in the cavity. The lifting control mechanism (11) includes an electric push rod (111) fixedly installed at the horizontal end. The push rod of the electric push rod (111) is connected to the piston plate (112). At the corner of the L-shaped guide seat (9), the bottom of the piston plate (112) and the scraper (10) are filled with coolant (113). Includes the following steps: S1: Rotate the handle (15) on the base (1), the handle (15) drives the worm (52) to rotate, the worm (52) drives the two worm wheels (53) to rotate, the two worm wheels (53) respectively drive the lead screw (4) to rotate, the two lead screws (4) synchronously drive a support seat (3) in a slide (2) to rise and fall, the pulleys (6) on the top of the two support seats (3) drive the belt (7) sleeved on them to rise and fall; S2: Lay the sand sample on the belt (7), start the drive mechanism (8) to drive the belt (7) through the pulley (6), and transport the laid sand sample to the river model, which is recorded as the first sand sample and the required experimental data is recorded. S3: After the first sand sample is transported to the river model, the scraper (10) under the belt (7) scrapes off the sand sample remaining on the belt (7), and the scraped sand sample falls into the receiving hopper (14); S4: Repeat the sand sample laying operation in S2, and obtain the corresponding experimental data of the second and third sand samples in sequence; S5: The experimental data collection is completed. Stop the drive mechanism (8) and clean the receiving hopper (14).

2. The method for bedload addition in river engineering model tests according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive mechanism (8) includes a drive box (81), a drive motor (82) is fixed outside the drive box (81), the output end of the drive motor (82) extends into the drive box (81) and is connected to the bevel gear set (83), the bevel gear set (83) meshes with the gear on the transmission shaft of the pulley (6); the drive box (81) is fixed on a support base (3).

3. The method for bedload addition in river engineering model tests according to claim 1, characterized in that: The L-shaped guide seat (9) is provided with a cooling mechanism (12), which consists of multiple semiconductor cooling rods (121) that extend into the L-shaped guide seat (9) and contact the coolant (113).

4. The method for bedload addition in river engineering model tests according to claim 3, characterized in that: The drive mechanism (8) is provided with a power supply mechanism (13), which includes a concave permanent magnet block (131) fixedly mounted on the output end of the drive motor (82). A coil (132) is provided between the magnetic poles at both ends of the concave permanent magnet block (131). The coil (132) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the drive box (81) through a support block (20). The coil (132) and the semiconductor cooling rod (121) are connected in series.

5. The method for bedload addition in river engineering model tests according to claim 1, characterized in that: The receiving hopper (14) is fixed to the base (1) by two hydraulic cylinders (16); the lower end of the receiving hopper (14) is provided with a discharge pipe (17), and a solenoid valve (18) is provided on the discharge pipe (17); a vibration motor (19) is installed on the receiving hopper (14).

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