A rail bottom milling tooling

Abstract

Provided is a rail bottom milling tooling, which has a base with an integral structure; the bottom of the base is adaptively installed with a distance adjusting screw, and the turning point of the V-shaped arm claw is positioned and installed on the base, so that the arm claw rotates around a fixed point in the middle thereof; a pair of guiding platforms are arranged on the upper part of the base; the guiding platforms are arranged vertically, symmetrically spaced left and right, and parallel to each other; the guiding platforms are slidably and adaptively installed with sliding blocks; two slider assemblies moving towards each other or relatively are screwed in the middle of the distance adjusting screw and are slidably displaced relative to the distance adjusting screw; the top ends of the slider assemblies are hinged to the bottom ends of the V-shaped arm claws; by rotating the screw rod, the slider assemblies perform synchronous linear displacement towards each other or relatively; the horizontal displacement action of the slider assemblies is converted into the flipping action of the V-shaped arm claws, and the top ends of the flipped V-shaped arm claws synchronously clamp or release the lower jaws of the rail heads of the rail members. The present invention restricts the displacement of the rail in the vertical direction by fixing the upper surface of the rail limb and the lower jaw of the rail head, has excellent centering performance, and can provide a more firm and stable fixation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of parts and tools for operation and transportation machine tools, and particularly relates to a rail bottom milling fixture. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of national railway construction, the market's quality requirements for turnout products are increasing day by day. As an important component in turnout products, the improvement of the quality of the switch rail (or the crossing nose rail) is particularly important. The milling of the rail bottom in the profiled section is an important process in the machining of AT rails, which directly affects the flatness of the rail bottom surface of the switch rail (or the crossing nose rail). Seriously, it will cause the lifting of the rail, reduce the service life of the rail, and lead to the safety hazard of the fracture of the slide plate due to concentrated load.

[0003] At present, the existing milling fixtures for the rail bottom in the profiled section generally adopt the fixing method on the upper surface of the rail web and the rail waist. This method has insufficient clamping force in the vertical direction and is prone to cause the vibration of the rail under the action of vibration. The existing fixture sets a fixed block on one side of the rail waist and a top head on the other side, or sets top heads at both ends. This method is greatly affected by the shape error of the rail waist and human factors, and is prone to cause the inclination of the axis of the profiled section during the clamping process, and cannot well achieve the leveling of the rail bottom milling. Therefore, the following technical solutions are proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem solved by the present invention: Provide a rail bottom milling fixture to solve the technical problems that the existing fixture has insufficient clamping force in the vertical direction, the clamping method is greatly affected by the shape error of the rail waist and human factors, and is prone to cause the inclination of the axis of the profiled section during the clamping process, and cannot well achieve the leveling of the rail bottom milling.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention: A rail bottom milling fixture has a base with an integral structure; an adjusting screw is adaptively installed at the bottom of the base; the fixed point turning place of the V-shaped arm claw is positioned and installed in the middle of the base, and the V-shaped arm claw can be turned around the fixed point turning place in the middle; a pair of guiding platforms are arranged on the upper part of the base; the space of the pair of guiding platforms is perpendicular to the adjusting screw and is arranged in parallel at intervals in a left-right axisymmetric manner; a sliding block adapted to be attached to the upper surface of the rail web is installed on the guiding platform; the middle part of the aforementioned adjusting screw is screwed and two slider assemblies moving towards each other or relatively are adaptively installed in sliding displacement relative to the adjusting screw; the top ends of the slider assemblies are hinged to the bottom ends of the V-shaped arm claws; rotating the adjusting screw realizes the synchronous linear displacement of the two slider assemblies moving towards each other or relatively; the synchronous linear displacement of the slider assemblies moving towards each other or relatively converts the horizontal movement of the slider assemblies into the turning movement of the V-shaped arm claws, so as to synchronously clamp or loosen the lower jaw of the rail head of the rail member through the top ends of the turned V-shaped arm claws.

[0006] In the above technical solution, preferably: shaft holes and horizontal grooves that are parallel and spaced vertically are formed at the bottom of the base; a vertical groove perpendicular to the horizontal groove is formed in the middle of the base; a guiding platform with a T-shaped structure or a dovetail structure in longitudinal section is arranged at the top of the base; the horizontal groove provides linear guidance for the linear displacement of the slider assembly; the vertical groove is used for fixedly positioning and installing the fixing piece at the turning position of the V-shaped arm claw; the shaft hole is arranged below the horizontal groove and is parallel to the horizontal groove with a vertical spacing, and the shaft hole is used for adaptively installing an adjustable-distance screw.

[0007] In the above technical solution, further: one end of the adjustable-distance screw is provided with a screw cap, and the other end is made into a multi-faceted head; a limiting boss is also made on the inner side end of the multi-faceted head; the inner end faces of the limiting boss and the screw cap are respectively used for restricting the slider assembly from moving out of the left and right ends of the thread stroke.

[0008] In the above technical solution, further: the slider assembly includes a slider base and a slider upper part; the two slider bases that move linearly in the same or opposite directions synchronously are respectively made with threads having opposite thread directions; the top end of the slider base is fixedly connected to the slider upper part through a pin; the slider upper part is of a double-ear plate structure; longitudinal elliptical through holes that are coaxially opposite are made on the double ear plates of the slider upper part; the elliptical through holes are hinged to the bottom end of the V-shaped arm claw through a first pin shaft and are used for converting the linear displacement of the slider assembly into a flipping motion of the V-shaped arm claw.

[0009] In the above technical solution, further: a fixing piece is provided at the V-shaped turning part of the V-shaped arm claw; the fixing piece is of a T-shaped structure; and the fixing piece of the T-shaped structure is fixedly connected to the middle part of the base; and the vertical end face of the fixing piece of the T-shaped structure is limited and fitted to the outer vertical end face of the square head at one end of the square head pin shaft; the shaft body at the other end of the square head pin shaft is hinged to the middle turning part of the V-shaped arm claw, so that the V-shaped arm claw rotates around the shaft body of the square head pin shaft at a fixed point.

[0010] In the above technical solution, preferably: the guiding platform and the base are of an integral structure; four sliding blocks are slidably and adaptively installed on the upper part of the guiding platform; the slopes of the four sliding blocks are equal to the slope of the upper surface of the rail limb and are both 1:9; the length of the guiding platform is greater than or equal to 160 mm.

[0011] Advantages of the present invention compared with the prior art:

[0012] 1. By fixing the upper surface of the rail limb and the lower jaw of the rail head, the present invention restricts the displacement of the rail in the vertical direction and provides a more firm and stable fixing method.

[0013] 2. The present invention designs a special adjustable-distance screw, and the screw drive is more precise, making the movement of the slider assembly more uniform and synchronous.

[0014] 3. The present invention adopts a structure in which the slider drives the V-shaped arm claw, that is, the slider upper part and the V-shaped arm claw are connected through a first pin shaft, converting the horizontal movement into a rotational movement, and realizing the functions of centering and synchronously clamping and synchronously relaxing the left and right sides of the rail part.

[0015] 4. The base of the present invention is of an integral structure, which can provide more stable support for each component; a guiding platform is provided on the base to provide support and guidance for the sliding block, and sliding blocks of replaceable supplementary models are used to achieve the support and positioning of the bottom of different rail types.

[0016] 5. The upper part of the slider of the present invention and the slider base are of a split structure and are connected by a pin, which is convenient for assembly and replacement of a slider with a suitable size. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is an axonometric view of the present invention before clamping the rail member;

[0018] Figure 2 is a front perspective view of the present invention before and after clamping the rail member;

[0019] Figure 3 is an axonometric view of the base of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 is an axonometric view of the working principle of the V-shaped arm claw of the present invention for clamping and holding the workpiece;

[0021] Figure 5 is the present invention Figure 4 longitudinal sectional view;

[0022] Figure 6 is the front view of the distance-adjusting screw of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 is an axonometric view of the slider assembly of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 8 is Figure 7 longitudinal sectional view of the slider assembly;

[0025] Figure 9 is a schematic structural view of the connection between the V-shaped arm claw and the fixing piece of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 10 is an axonometric view of the sliding block of the present invention;

[0027] In the figure: 1 - base; 101 - horizontal groove, 102 - vertical groove, 103 - shaft hole; 2 - distance-adjusting screw, 201 - multi-square head, 202 - limiting boss; 3 - slider base, 4 - upper part of the slider, 401 - oval through hole; 5 - fixing piece, 6 - square head pin shaft, 601 - outer vertical end face of the square head, 602 - shaft body; 7 - V-shaped arm claw, 8 - sliding block, 9 - first pin shaft, 10 - washer, 11 - second pin shaft, 12 - screw cap, 13 - pin, 14 - guiding platform. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0028] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention Figure 1-10 to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0029] (as Figure 1 , Figure 2 shown) A rail bottom milling tooling has a base 1 with an integral structure, and an adjusting screw 2 is rotatably installed at the bottom of the base 1 in a fitting manner.

[0030] Embodiment 1: The adjusting screw 2 is rotatably installed in the base 1 with a clearance fit.

[0031] Embodiment 2: The adjusting screw 2 is rotatably installed in the base 1 through a bearing and a sliding shaft sleeve.

[0032] The fixed turning point of the V-shaped arm claw 7 is positioned and installed in the middle of the base 1, and the V-shaped arm claw 7 can be turned around its middle fixed turning point. This connection structure is used to lay a structural foundation for the follow-up turning action of the V-shaped arm claw 7 as described later.

[0033] A pair of guide platforms 14 are provided on the upper part of the base 1; the pair of guide platforms 14 are perpendicular to the adjusting screw 2 in space and are arranged in parallel at intervals in a left-right axisymmetric manner; a sliding block 8 that fits and is in contact with the upper surface of the rail limb is installed on the guide platform 14. The sliding block 8 is used to Figure 2 be in contact with and position and fit the upper surface of the rail limb of the rail part as shown.

[0034] Two slider assemblies that move towards or away from each other are screwed and installed in the middle of the aforementioned adjusting screw 2 and are adapted to slide linearly relative to the adjusting screw 2. That is, while the internal thread made on the slider assembly is screwed and adapted to the adjusting screw 2, the slider assembly can also linearly displace relative to the adjusting screw 2. To achieve the above functions: a shaft hole needs to be made at the bottom of the slider assembly; a bearing part or a double sliding shaft sleeve is installed at the shaft hole; the outer ring of the bearing or shaft sleeve is adapted to the shaft hole, and the internal thread made on the inner ring of the bearing or shaft sleeve is screwed and connected to the adjusting screw 2; and the internal thread directions of the two slider assemblies are opposite, so that while the internal threads of the two slider assemblies rotate relative to the adjusting screw 2, the two slider assemblies do not rotate and only achieve linear displacement. At the same time, it should be emphasized that: the internal thread directions of the two paired slider assemblies that displace synchronously are opposite, so as to achieve the synchronous relative displacement towards each other of the slider assemblies.

[0035] On this basis: The top end of the slider assembly is hinged to the bottom end of the V-shaped arm claw 7; rotating the distance adjustment screw 2 realizes the synchronous linear displacement of the two slider assemblies towards or away from each other; the slider assemblies with synchronous linear displacement towards or away from each other convert the horizontal movement of the slider assemblies into the flipping movement of the V-shaped arm claw 7, so as to synchronously clamp or release the lower jaw of the rail head of the rail member through the top end of the flipped V-shaped arm claw 7. For the specific process, refer to the working principle described later. It will not be elaborated here.

[0036] In the above-mentioned embodiment, preferably: (as Figure 3 shown) the guiding platform 14 and the base 1 are of an integral structure; for the integral structure, there is no relative displacement in each positional relationship, ensuring the positioning stability and firm fixation.

[0037] (as Figure 3 shown) The bottom of the base 1 is provided with shaft holes 103 and horizontal grooves 101 that are parallel and spaced from top to bottom; there are two shaft holes 103; the horizontal groove 101 is of a sunk groove structure.

[0038] A vertical groove 102 perpendicular to the horizontal groove 101 is formed in the middle of the base 1; and the vertical groove 102 is communicated with the horizontal groove 101.

[0039] A guiding platform 14 with a T-shaped cross-section or a dovetail structure is arranged on the top of the base 1; adopting this structure is beneficial to the precise linear sliding displacement of the sliding block 8 on the guiding platform 14. And there are no fasteners between the sliding block 8 and the guiding platform 14, which is convenient to adjust the specific position of the sliding block 8 at any time in the longitudinal length direction of the guiding platform 14.

[0040] The horizontal groove 101 provides linear guidance for the linear displacement of the slider assembly; the vertical groove 102 is used for (as Figure 1 shown) fixedly positioning and installing the fixing piece 5 at the turning position of the V-shaped arm claw 7; for the specific connection and positioning method of the fixing piece 5, refer to the description later.

[0041] The shaft holes 103 are arranged below the horizontal groove 101 and are parallel and spaced from the horizontal groove 101 up and down, and the shaft holes 103 are used for adaptively installing the distance adjustment screw 2. As described above: the distance adjustment screw 2 is rotatably installed with clearance fit with the base 1. Or the distance adjustment screw 2 is rotatably installed with the base 1 through a bearing or a sliding sleeve.

[0042] (as Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6In the above - mentioned embodiments, further: One end of the distance - adjusting screw 2 is provided with a screw cap 12, and the other end is made into a multi - sided head 201; The screw cap 12 is fixedly connected to the pin hole at the end of the screw shaft through the second pin 11, and a washer 10 is arranged on the inner end face of the screw cap 12. The washer 10 and the screw cap 12 are used for axial over - displacement limit of the slider assembly. A limit boss 202 is also made at the inner end of the multi - sided head 201; Both the limit boss 202 with a larger diameter and the inner end face of the screw cap 12 are used to limit the axial over - displacement of the slider assembly.

[0043] (as Figure 7 、 Figure 8 shown) In the above - mentioned embodiments, further: The slider assembly includes a slider base 3 and a slider upper part 4. The two groups of slider bases 3 with synchronous opposite or relative linear displacements are respectively made with threads having opposite directions; Thus, synchronous opposite or relative linear displacements are realized. For the specific implementation structure, refer to the previous description and will not be elaborated here.

[0044] The top end of the slider base 3 is fixedly connected to the slider upper part 4 through a pin 13; The disassembly and replacement of the slider upper part 4 are realized through the pin 13. The slider upper part 4 is of a double - ear plate structure; The double - ear plates of the slider upper part 4 are made with longitudinally elliptical through - holes 401 that are coaxially opposite; To provide clearance displacement support and limit for the flipping of the V - shaped arm claw 7. The elliptical through - hole 401 is hinged to the bottom end of the V - shaped arm claw 7 through the first pin 9 and is used to convert the linear displacement of the slider assembly into the flipping action of the V - shaped arm claw 7.

[0045] (as Figure 9 shown) In the above - mentioned embodiments, further: A fixing piece 5 is arranged at the V - shaped turning part of the V - shaped arm claw 7; The fixing piece 5 is of a horizontally - placed T - shaped structure; And the horizontally - placed T - shaped fixing piece 5 is fixedly connected to the vertical groove 102 in the middle of the base 1; And the vertical end face of the T - shaped fixing piece 5 is limited and fitted to the outer vertical end face 601 of one end of the square - headed pin 6. The square - headed pin 6 is used to realize the fixed connection of the fixing piece 5 and also realize the limit of the fixing piece 5. The shaft body 602 at the other end of the square - headed pin 6 is hinged to the middle turning part of the V - shaped arm claw 7, so that the V - shaped arm claw 7 rotates around the shaft body of the square - headed pin 6 at a fixed point, thus converting the linear displacement of the slider assembly into the flipping action of the V - shaped arm claw 7.

[0046] (as Figure 1 shown) Four sliding blocks 8 are slidably and adaptively installed on the upper part of the guide table 14; The slopes of the four sliding blocks 8 are equal to the slope of the upper surface of the rail limb and are both 1:9 (as Figure 2 shown); The length of the guide table 14 is greater than or equal to 160 mm (as Figure 1 、 Figure 3 shown), and the adjustment of the longitudinal support position with a distance of at least 160 mm for the sliding block 8 can be realized.

[0047] Working principle: (in combination with Figure 1 , Figure 4 ) When milling the bottom of the rail in the profiling section, the rail is placed upside down on the fixture, and a suitable sliding block 8 is selected to contact the upper surface of the rail limb to provide support for the bottom of the rail. First, rotate the distance adjustment screw 2 clockwise. At this time, the distance adjustment screw 2 drives the two groups of slider bases 3 and the upper part of the slider 4 to move outward in opposite directions. The V-shaped arm claws 7 of the upper part of the slider 4 moving outward rotate inward and downward around the square head pin shaft 6, thereby realizing the action of clamping the lower jaw of the rail head. Since the two groups of slider bases 3 and the upper part of the slider 4 move outward simultaneously, the V-shaped arm claws 7 connected to them also flip inward synchronously to realize the action of clamping the lower jaw of the rail head, thereby correcting the situation of the axis misalignment caused by the surface error of the rail. When the milling process of the rail bottom is completed, rotate the distance adjustment screw 2 counterclockwise. At this time, the slider base 3 and the upper part of the slider 4 move inward towards the workpiece, and the inwardly moving slider base 3 and the upper part of the slider 4 drive the V-shaped arm claws 7 to realize the relaxation action and release the clamped rail part.

[0048] It can be found from the above description that: the present invention restricts the displacement of the rail in the vertical direction by fixing the upper surface of the rail limb and the lower jaw of the rail head, providing a more firm and stable fixing method.

[0049] The present invention designs a special distance adjustment screw 2, and the screw drive of the distance adjustment screw 2 is more precise, making the movement of the slider assembly more uniform and synchronous.

[0050] The present invention adopts a motion structure in which the slider assembly in a straight-line position drives the flipping of the V-shaped arm claws 7, that is, the upper part of the slider 4 and the V-shaped arm claws 7 are connected by a first pin 9, converting the horizontal movement of the slider assembly into the flipping movement of the V-shaped arm claws 7, realizing the functions of centering, synchronously clamping and synchronously relaxing the left and right sides of the rail part, with simple operation, high clamping efficiency and high precision.

[0051] The base 1 of the present invention is of an integral structure, which can provide more stable support for each component; a guiding platform 14 is provided on the base 1 to provide stable support and guiding for the sliding block 8. The sliding block 8 does not need to be fastened by fasteners, and different types of sliding blocks 8 can be replaced and supplemented to realize the support and positioning of the bottom of different rail types.

[0052] The upper part of the slider 4 and the slider base 3 of the present invention are of a split structure and are connected by a pin 13, which is convenient for assembly and replacement of sliders with appropriate sizes.

[0053] In summary, the present invention solves the technical problems that the existing tooling has insufficient clamping force in the vertical direction, the clamping method is greatly affected by the shape error of the rail web and human factors, it is easy to cause the axis of the profiling section to tilt during the clamping process, and the leveling of the rail bottom milling cannot be well achieved. The tooling designed by the present invention restricts the displacement of the rail in the vertical direction by fixing the upper surface of the rail limb and the lower jaw of the rail head, providing a more firm fixing method. The structure of driving the V-shaped arm claws by the slider assembly is adopted to realize the synchronous clamping and synchronous relaxation of the left and right sides of the rail component. A special distance-adjusting screw is designed to make the synchronous movement of the slider assembly more uniform and accurate.

[0054] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a related manner. For the same or similar parts between the embodiments, reference can be made to each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

[0055] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rail bottom milling tooling, characterized in that: A base (1) with an integral structure; an adjustable-distance screw (2) is adaptively installed at the bottom of the base (1); the middle part of the base (1) is positioned and installed at the fixed-point turning position of the V-shaped arm claw (7), and the V-shaped arm claw (7) can be turned around the fixed-point turning position in the middle; a pair of guide platforms (14) are arranged on the upper part of the base (1); the space of the pair of guide platforms (14) is perpendicular to the adjustable-distance screw (2) and is arranged in parallel at left and right axial symmetry intervals; a sliding block (8) that fits and adheres to the upper surface of the rail limb is adaptively installed on the guide platform (14); the middle part of the aforementioned adjustable-distance screw (2) is screwed and two slider components that move towards each other or relatively are adaptively installed with respect to the sliding displacement of the adjustable-distance screw (2); the top end of the slider component is hinged to the bottom end of the V-shaped arm claw (7); by rotating the adjustable-distance screw (2), the synchronous linear displacement of the two slider components towards each other or relatively is realized; the horizontal movement of the slider components during the synchronous linear displacement towards each other or relatively is converted into the turning action of the V-shaped arm claw (7), so as to synchronously clamp or loosen the lower jaw of the rail head of the rail piece through the top end of the turned V-shaped arm claw (7).

2. The rail bottom milling tooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: Axial holes (103) and horizontal grooves (101) that are parallel at upper and lower intervals are made at the bottom of the base (1); a vertical groove (102) perpendicular to the horizontal groove (101) is made in the middle of the base (1); a guide platform (14) with a T-shaped structure or a dovetail structure in longitudinal section is arranged at the top of the base (1); the horizontal groove (101) provides linear guidance for the linear displacement of the slider component; the vertical groove (102) is used for fixedly positioning and installing the fixing piece (5) at the turning position of the V-shaped arm claw (7); the axial hole (103) is arranged below the horizontal groove (101) and is arranged in parallel at upper and lower intervals with the horizontal groove (101), and the axial hole (103) is used for adaptively installing the adjustable-distance screw (2).

3. The rail bottom milling tooling according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: One end of the adjustable-distance screw (2) is provided with a screw cap (12), and the other end is made into a multi-faceted head (201); a limiting boss (202) is also made at the inner end of the multi-faceted head (201); the inner end face of the limiting boss (202) and the inner end face of the screw cap (12) are respectively used for restricting the slider component from moving out of the left and right ends of the thread stroke.

4. The rail bottom milling tooling according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The slider component includes a slider base (3) and a slider upper part (4); the two slider bases (3) that move synchronously towards each other or relatively are respectively made with threads having opposite directions; the top end of the slider base (3) is fixedly connected to the slider upper part (4) through a pin (13); the slider upper part (4) has a double-ear plate structure; longitudinal elliptical through holes (401) that are coaxial and opposite are made on the double ear plates of the slider upper part (4); the elliptical through holes (401) are hinged to the bottom end of the V-shaped arm claw (7) through a first pin shaft (9) and are used for converting the linear displacement of the slider component into the turning action of the V-shaped arm claw (7).

5. The rail bottom milling tooling according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A fixing piece (5) is provided at the V-shaped turning part of the V-shaped arm claw (7); the fixing piece (5) is of a T-shaped structure; and the fixing piece (5) of the T-shaped structure is fixedly connected to the middle of the base (1); and the vertical end face of the fixing piece (5) of the T-shaped structure is limited and fitted to the outer vertical end face (601) of one end of the square head pin shaft (6); the shaft body (602) of the other end of the square head pin shaft (6) is hinged to the middle turning part of the V-shaped arm claw (7), so that the V-shaped arm claw (7) rotates around the shaft body of the square head pin shaft (6) at a fixed point.

6. The rail bottom milling tooling according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The guiding platform (14) and the base (1) are of an integral structure; four sliding blocks (8) are slidably and fittingly installed on the upper part of the guiding platform (14); the slopes of the four sliding blocks (8) are equal to the slope of the upper surface of the rail limb and are both 1:9; the length of the guiding platform (14) is greater than or equal to 160 mm.

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