A side mold multi-dimensional adjustment system and method

Abstract

The application discloses a side mold multi-dimensional adjustment system and method. The side mold multi-dimensional adjustment system comprises a trolley frame body, a side mold mechanism, a cantilever mechanism, an adjusting mechanism, a range finder, an inclination sensor and a controller. Four adjusting mechanisms are arranged on the trolley frame body in a rectangular arrangement. Left and right cantilever mechanisms are arranged. The range finder is used for measuring the template height of the side mold mechanism. The inclination sensor is arranged on the side mold mechanism. The controller can calculate the template height H of the side mold mechanism. The controller can control the adjusting height of the adjusting mechanism and also can control the telescopic length of the adjusting mechanism. The side mold multi-dimensional adjustment system adjusts the template angle and horizontal position through the adjusting mechanism and the inclination sensor, and accurately adjusts the template height through the cantilever mechanism and the height range finder, so that the die closing accuracy of the template is improved, the die closing and die dismounting automation operation of the template can be realized, and the construction quality and efficiency are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a multi-dimensional adjustment system and method for side formwork, belonging to the field of building construction formwork technology. Background Technology

[0002] In the construction of buildings or structures, the erection and dismantling of formwork are frequently involved. For example, in box culvert projects, cast-in-place concrete is generally used. A concrete foundation is poured in the excavated trench, and then the pre-fabricated reinforcing bars are tied on-site to support the inner and outer formwork. During construction, the box culvert formwork installation must have sufficient stability, rigidity, and strength. In actual concrete pouring, the multi-dimensional verticality requirements of the formwork are extremely high. Traditional on-site concrete pouring typically uses scaffolding to support the formwork, and then relies on the experience of on-site workers for visual inspection or simple instruments such as theodolites to determine the verticality of the formwork. This construction method is inefficient, has a low level of industrialization, and often results in significant errors in the measured verticality. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a multi-dimensional adjustment device and method for box culvert side formwork for the trolley system, enabling accurate measurement and automatic adjustment of the three-dimensional verticality of the lateral formwork space. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the problems of low work efficiency, low level of industrialization, and large errors in verticality measurement in formwork support, this application provides a multi-dimensional adjustment system and method for side formwork.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention includes the following technical solutions:

[0005] A side mold multi-dimensional adjustment system includes a trolley frame, a side mold mechanism, a cantilever mechanism, an adjustment mechanism, a rangefinder, an inclination sensor, and a controller;

[0006] The trolley frame is equipped with four adjustment mechanisms arranged in a rectangle. One end of each adjustment mechanism is located on the trolley frame, and the other end is slidably connected to the back of the side mold mechanism. The adjustment mechanism can adjust the position of the side mold mechanism by horizontal extension and retraction.

[0007] The trolley frame is equipped with two cantilever mechanisms on the left and right. One end of each cantilever mechanism is mounted on the trolley frame, and the other end is hinged to the back of the side mold mechanism. The cantilever mechanism is used to bear the vertical load of the side mold mechanism. The cantilever mechanism can extend and retract horizontally to adapt to the length of the adjustment mechanism.

[0008] The rangefinder is used to measure the height of the template of the side mold mechanism; the tilt sensor is installed on the side mold mechanism and is used to measure the tilt angle of the template of the side mold mechanism.

[0009] The controller can calculate the template height H of the side mold mechanism, the angle α between the bottom edge of the template and the horizontal plane, the angle β between the bottom edge of the template and the vertical plane, and the angle γ between the side edge of the template and the vertical plane, where the vertical plane is the plane where the template of the side mold mechanism is designed to be positioned; the controller can control the adjustment height of the adjustment mechanism, and can also control the extension length of the adjustment mechanism.

[0010] Furthermore, the cantilever mechanism includes a telescopic cantilever beam, a first support, and a second support. One end of the telescopic cantilever beam is fixed by the first support and the second support, and the other end is a telescopic end, which is hinged to the back of the side formwork mechanism.

[0011] The first support is fixed to the trolley frame by a height adjustment mechanism, which is used to adjust the height of the first support.

[0012] Furthermore, the height adjustment mechanism includes a first connecting plate, a second connecting plate, a support plate, a stiffening plate, an adjusting bolt, and a bolt turning tool;

[0013] The first connecting plate is vertically arranged and fixed on the trolley frame. The second connecting plate is arranged on the side of the first support and overlaps with the first connecting plate. The first connecting plate is provided with a horizontal through hole, and the second connecting plate is provided with an elongated hole. The direction of the elongated hole is vertical. The first connecting plate and the second connecting plate are connected by bolts provided in the horizontal through hole and the elongated hole.

[0014] The pallet is horizontally positioned, with one end connected to the side of the first connecting plate near the bottom end, and a stiffening plate is provided between the pallet and the first connecting plate.

[0015] The support plate is provided with a vertical through hole, and an adjusting bolt is installed in the vertical through hole. The top of the adjusting bolt is pressed against the bottom of the first support.

[0016] The bolt turning tool enables the adjusting bolt to rotate, adjusting the height of the adjusting bolt extending from the support plate, and further adjusting the height of the first support.

[0017] Furthermore, a recessed U-shaped structure is provided in the middle part of the bottom of the trolley frame; and a height-adjustable support is provided under the trolley frame.

[0018] The trolley frame is transported by a traveling device, which can travel into the U-shaped structure of the trolley frame. By adjusting the height of the support, the trolley frame can be placed on the traveling device and driven to move.

[0019] Accordingly, the present invention also provides a method for multidimensional adjustment of the side mold, which uses the aforementioned multidimensional adjustment system for adjustment; the method for multidimensional adjustment of the side mold includes the following steps:

[0020] Step 1: Place the trolley frame on the foundation surface and make preliminary adjustments to the template height of the side formwork mechanism using the trolley frame; install an inclination sensor and a distance measuring instrument on the side formwork mechanism and connect them to the sensors;

[0021] Step 2: The tilt sensor collects the tilt angle data of the side mold mechanism and sends the tilt angle data to the controller. The controller calculates the angle α between the bottom edge of the template and the horizontal plane, the angle β between the bottom edge and the vertical plane, and can calculate the angle γ between the side edge of the template and the vertical plane.

[0022] Step 3: Adjust the height of the two cantilever mechanisms so that one end of the template of the side mold mechanism is raised by B1sinα / 2 and the other end is lowered by B1sinα / 2, while the height of the center point of the template remains unchanged, and α=0; where B1 is the distance between the connection point between the side mold mechanism and the two cantilever mechanisms.

[0023] Step 4: Synchronously adjust the lengths of the two adjustment mechanisms in the same column to make β=0; where B2 is the distance between the connection point formed by the side mold mechanism and the two adjustment mechanisms in the same row;

[0024] Step 5: Synchronously adjust the lengths of the two adjustment mechanisms in the same row to make γ=0, thus completing the template angle adjustment of the template mechanism; where B3 is the distance between the connection point formed by the side template mechanism and the two adjustment mechanisms in the same column;

[0025] Step 6: Simultaneously adjust the lengths of the four adjustment mechanisms so that the front of the template of the side mold mechanism is located in the vertical plane;

[0026] Step 7: Measure the height H using a distance measuring instrument. Z The controller calculates the distance H measured by the rangefinder. Z With design height H S The difference △H between them is used to precisely adjust the template height of the side mold mechanism through the cantilever mechanism.

[0027] Furthermore, the cantilever mechanism includes a telescopic cantilever beam, a first support, and a second support. One end of the telescopic cantilever beam is fixed by the first and second supports, and the other end is a telescopic end, which is hinged to the back of the side mold mechanism. The first support is fixed to the trolley frame by a height adjustment mechanism, which is used to adjust the height of the first support.

[0028] The height adjustment mechanism includes a first connecting plate, a second connecting plate, a support plate, a stiffening plate, an adjusting bolt, and a bolt turning tool. The first connecting plate is vertically arranged and fixed to the trolley frame. The second connecting plate is arranged on the side of the first support and overlaps with the first connecting plate. The first connecting plate has a horizontal through hole, and the second connecting plate has an elongated hole, which is vertically oriented. The first and second connecting plates are connected by bolts arranged in the horizontal through hole and the elongated hole. The support plate is horizontally arranged, and one end is connected to the side of the first connecting plate near the bottom end. A stiffening plate is arranged between the support plate and the first connecting plate. The support plate has a vertical through hole, and an adjusting bolt is arranged in the vertical through hole. The top of the adjusting bolt is pressed against the bottom of the first support. The bolt turning tool can rotate the adjusting bolt to adjust the height of the adjusting bolt extending out of the support plate, thereby further adjusting the height of the first support.

[0029] Let L1 be the center distance between the first and second supports, D be the thread pitch of the adjusting bolt, L2 be the distance between the second support and the end of the cantilever mechanism near the side mold mechanism, and m1 be the number of times the adjusting bolt rotates when adjusting the height of the cantilever mechanism in step three. Then, the following conditions are met: In step seven, the bolt rotation tool is used to precisely adjust the height of the side mold mechanism. The number of rotations of the adjusting bolt is recorded as m2. Then, the following condition is met: .

[0030] Furthermore, the bottom middle part of the trolley frame is provided with a recessed U-shaped structure; the trolley frame is provided with a height-adjustable support; the trolley frame is transported by a traveling device, which can travel into the U-shaped structure of the trolley frame. By adjusting the height of the support, the trolley frame can be placed on the traveling device and the trolley frame can be driven to travel.

[0031] In step one, the trolley frame is placed on the foundation surface, specifically as follows:

[0032] The traveling device moves to the underside of the U-shaped structure of the trolley frame;

[0033] Adjust the support height of the trolley frame so that the trolley frame rests on the traveling device, and the support of the trolley frame is separated from the foundation surface;

[0034] Control the traveling device to move the trolley frame to the current construction position;

[0035] Adjust the support height of the trolley frame so that the support is supported on the foundation surface, and separate the trolley frame from the traveling device;

[0036] The traveling device is moved out from under the trolley frame.

[0037] Furthermore, a positioning device is installed below the side formwork mechanism on both sides of the trolley frame, and horizontal adjustment wheels are installed within the U-shaped structure of the trolley frame. The positioning device includes a horizontal telescopic component and a limiting end plate. The horizontal telescopic component is installed on the trolley frame, with its telescopic end facing the side wall of the box culvert. The limiting end plate is installed on the telescopic end of the horizontal telescopic component. The trolley frame is located inside the box culvert, and under the drive of the horizontal telescopic component, the limiting end plate can abut against the bottom foundation of the already poured side wall of the box culvert.

[0038] Furthermore, the side mold multidimensional adjustment method also includes:

[0039] Step 8: Set an outer template on the outside of the template of the side mold mechanism, and connect the outer template to the template of the side mold mechanism with tie bolts.

[0040] Furthermore, the tie bolt is a self-locking tie bolt, which includes a tie rod and a locking disc; one end of the tie rod is provided with inverted conical teeth, and the other end is provided with external threads; the locking disc is a ring structure, including two radially arranged through holes, each through hole is provided with a set of telescopic components, the telescopic components include a telescopic tongue, a spring and a solenoid valve, the telescopic tongue is provided with sliders on both sides, the sidewall of the through hole is provided with a sliding groove that matches the sliders, the telescopic tongue can move along the through hole in the sliding groove through the sliders; the solenoid valve is spaced apart from the telescopic tongue and fixed in the through hole; the two ends of the spring abut against the solenoid valve and the telescopic tongue respectively;

[0041] The outer template and the template of the side template mechanism are connected by tie bolts. Specifically, a sleeve is installed at the bolt hole position between the outer template mechanism and the inner template mechanism; a locking plate is installed at the bolt hole position on the back of the inner template mechanism; the tie rod of the tie bolt with the inverted conical teeth is inserted into the bolt hole on the back of the outer template mechanism and then into the locking plate. The inverted conical teeth push the telescopic tongue, so that the tie rod is smoothly inserted into the tooth groove between the inverted conical teeth; a tie plate is installed on the external thread section of the tie rod on the back of the outer template mechanism; rotating the tie plate tightens the tie bolt.

[0042] This invention, by employing the above technical solutions, has the following advantages and positive effects compared to existing technologies: The multi-dimensional adjustment system for the side formwork can initially adjust the formwork height through the trolley frame, adjust the formwork angle and horizontal position through the adjustment mechanism in conjunction with the inclinometer, and precisely adjust the formwork height through the cantilever mechanism in conjunction with the height rangefinder, thereby improving the formwork closing accuracy and enabling automated operation of formwork closing and dismantling, thus improving construction quality and efficiency. The traveling device in this application can drive the trolley frame to move and adjust the lateral position of the trolley frame, improving the transportation efficiency of the trolley frame, reducing the difficulty of adjusting the trolley frame, and one traveling device can correspond to the movement of multiple trolley frames, reducing construction costs. The use of tie bolts with self-locking function simplifies the operation procedure of the tie bolts and improves the efficiency of tie bolt installation and removal. Attached Figure Description

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a side mold multidimensional adjustment system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the trolley frame, cantilever mechanism, and adjustment mechanism in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 Figure 2 Enlarged view of region G in the middle;

[0046] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the first support in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a tie bolt in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Sectional view along the middle AA.

[0049] The numbers in the diagram are as follows:

[0050] 1-Box culvert bottom slab; 2-Box culvert sidewall bottom foundation;

[0051] 10-Carriage frame; 11-Column; 12-Crossbeam; 13-Diagonal tie rod; 14-Working platform; 15-Support; 16-Frame horizontal adjustment wheels; 17-Transportation guide device; 171-Spring rod; 172-Limit roller;

[0052] 20-Side mold mechanism; 21-Template; 22-Longitudinal keel; 23-Horizontal keel; 24-Push-pull frame; 25-Tie bolt; 251-Tie rod; 2511-Inverted cone tooth; 2512-External thread; 252-Locking disc; 2521-Through hole; 2522-Telescopic tongue; 2523-Spring; 2524-Solenoid valve; 2525-Slider; 2526-Slide groove; 253-Tie plate;

[0053] 30-Cantilever mechanism; 31-Telescopic cantilever beam; 32-First support; 321-First rotary bearing; 33-Second support; 331-Second rotary bearing; 34-Height adjustment mechanism; 341-First connecting plate; 342-Second connecting plate; 343-Support plate; 344-Stiffening plate; 345-Adjusting bolt;

[0054] 40 - Adjustment mechanism; 50 - Walking device; 60 - Outer template. Detailed Implementation

[0055] The following detailed description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, provides a more detailed explanation of the side mold multidimensional adjustment system and method provided by the present invention. The advantages and features of the present invention will become clearer from the following description. It should be noted that the accompanying drawings are all in a very simplified form and use non-precise proportions, and are only used to facilitate and clarify the illustration of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0056] Example 1

[0057] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a side mold multi-dimensional adjustment system, including a trolley frame 10, a side mold mechanism 20, a cantilever mechanism 30, an adjustment mechanism 40, a rangefinder, an inclination sensor, and a controller.

[0058] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the trolley frame 10 adopts a frame structure, including vertically arranged columns 11, horizontally arranged crossbeams 12, and diagonally arranged tie rods 13. The shape of the frame structure can be set as needed. The columns 11, crossbeams 12, and tie rods 13 can be fixed by bolts or welding. The trolley frame 10 is also equipped with a work platform 14 for placing tools, parts, etc.

[0059] The side mold mechanism 20 includes a template 21, and usually also includes a longitudinal keel 22 and a horizontal keel 23 set on the back of the template. The longitudinal keel 22 and the horizontal keel 23 are fixed by bolts or welding. In order to facilitate the connection between the adjustment mechanism 40 and the side mold mechanism 20, a push-pull frame 24 can also be set on the back of the side mold mechanism 20. The push-pull frame 24 is a frame structure.

[0060] Four adjusting mechanisms 40 arranged in a rectangular pattern are provided on the trolley frame 10. One end of each adjusting mechanism 40 is mounted on the trolley frame 10, and the other end is slidably connected to the back of the side mold mechanism 20. The adjusting mechanism 40 can adjust the position of the side mold mechanism 20 by horizontal extension and retraction. The adjusting mechanism 40 can be a screw jack driven by a servo motor, which can achieve automatic adjustment according to a program or remote control. Alternatively, an electric push rod or other structural forms can be used. A connector is provided at the end of the adjusting mechanism 40. A vertical slot is provided on the back of the side mold mechanism 20, and the connector is located in the slot, allowing the adjusting mechanism 40 and the side mold mechanism 20 to move vertically relative to each other. The adjusting mechanism 40 does not bear the vertical load of the side mold mechanism 20.

[0061] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the trolley frame 10 is provided with two cantilever mechanisms on the left and right. One end of the cantilever mechanism 30 is provided on the trolley frame 10, and the other end is hinged to the back of the side mold mechanism 20. The cantilever mechanism 30 is used to bear the vertical load of the side mold mechanism 20. The cantilever mechanism 30 can extend and retract horizontally to adapt to the length of the adjustment mechanism 40.

[0062] The rangefinder is used to measure the height of the template 21 of the side mold mechanism 20, and the tilt sensor is used to measure the tilt angle of the template of the side mold mechanism 20. The tilt sensor is installed on the side mold mechanism 20. During installation, it is ensured that the mounting surface of the tilt sensor is completely in contact with the mounting surface of the side mold mechanism 20, and the axis of the tilt sensor is parallel to the axis of the template of the side mold mechanism 20. At the same time, the influence of dynamics and acceleration is reduced. The tilt sensor is a dual-axis high-precision sensor with a measurement range of 0~90°, an error of ±0.2°, and a recognition range of 0.05°. It is zeroed before use. The controller can calculate the template height H of the side mold mechanism 20, such as the height of the template center point or the height of a set point on the template. The controller can calculate the angle α between the bottom edge of the template and the horizontal plane, the angle β between the bottom edge and the vertical plane, and the angle γ between the side edge of the template and the vertical plane, where the vertical plane is the plane where the template of the side mold mechanism 20 is designed. The controller can control the adjustment height of the adjustment mechanism 40 and the extension length of the adjustment mechanism 40.

[0063] The multi-dimensional adjustment system for side formwork provided in this embodiment can initially adjust the formwork height through the trolley frame 10, adjust the formwork angle and horizontal position through the adjustment mechanism 40 in conjunction with the inclinometer, and precisely adjust the formwork height through the cantilever mechanism 30 in conjunction with the height measuring instrument, thereby improving the formwork closing accuracy and realizing the automated operation of formwork closing and dismantling, thus improving the quality and efficiency of construction.

[0064] In one specific embodiment, combined with Figures 1 to 3As shown, the cantilever mechanism 30 includes a telescopic cantilever beam 31, a first support 32, and a second support 33. One end of the telescopic cantilever beam 31 is fixed by the first support 32 and the second support 33, and the other end is a telescopic end, which is hinged to the back of the side mold mechanism 20. As an example, the telescopic cantilever beam 31 is a sleeve structure, including an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve. The outer sleeve is fixed to the first support 32 and the second support 33. One end of the inner sleeve is located inside the outer sleeve and can move along the length of the outer sleeve. To facilitate the telescopic extension and retraction of the telescopic cantilever beam 31, the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are connected by rollers or wheels.

[0065] Furthermore, combined with Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the first support 32 is fixed to the trolley frame 10 by a height adjustment mechanism 34, which is used to adjust the height of the first support 32. The height adjustment mechanism 34 includes a first connecting plate 341, a second connecting plate 342, a support plate 343, a stiffening plate 344, an adjusting bolt 345, and a bolt turning tool. The first connecting plate 341 is vertically arranged and fixed to the trolley frame 10. The second connecting plate 342 is arranged on the side of the first support 32 and overlaps with the first connecting plate 341. The first connecting plate has a horizontal through hole, and the second connecting plate has an elongated hole, which is vertically oriented. The first connecting plate and the second connecting plate are connected by bolts arranged in the horizontal through hole and the elongated hole. The support plate 343 is horizontally arranged, and one end is connected to the side of the first connecting plate 341 near the bottom end. A stiffening plate 344 is arranged between the support plate 343 and the first connecting plate 341. The support plate 343 has a vertical through hole, and an adjusting bolt 345 is installed in the vertical through hole. The top of the adjusting bolt 345 is pressed against the bottom of the first support 35. The bolt rotating tool can rotate the adjusting bolt to adjust the height of the adjusting bolt extending out of the support plate 343, thereby adjusting the height of the first support 32.

[0066] Furthermore, combined with Figures 1 to 4 As shown, when the height of the first support 32 is adjusted, since the height of the second support 33 remains unchanged, the telescopic cantilever beam 31 needs to rotate. Preferably, a first rotating bearing 321 is provided on the first support 32, and a second rotating bearing 331 is provided on the second support 33. The rotating shafts of the first rotating bearing 321 and the second rotating bearing 331 are horizontally arranged. The bottom of the telescopic cantilever beam 31 rests on the top of the first rotating bearing 321, and the top of the telescopic cantilever beam at the end away from the side mold mechanism presses upward against the bottom of the second rotating bearing 331. The telescopic cantilever beam is in line contact with the first rotating bearing and the second rotating bearing, and the rotation of the telescopic cantilever beam is not restricted.

[0067] As an example, the bolt-turning tool can be an electric drill. The drill's spindle is connected to a sleeve, the sleeve's inner cavity of which matches the nut of the adjusting bolt. The nut is embedded in the sleeve, and the rotation of the electric drill drives the nut to rotate, thereby rotating the adjusting bolt. Alternatively, the bolt-turning tool can be a drive motor, with gears meshing between the drive motor and the adjusting bolt to drive its rotation. In this embodiment, the bolt-turning tool allows the adjusting bolt to rotate, thereby adjusting the elevation of the adjusting bolt's top, adjusting the height of the first support, and ultimately adjusting the height of the template.

[0068] In one specific embodiment, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the bottom middle part of the trolley frame 10 has a recessed U-shaped structure; an adjustable support 15 is provided below the trolley frame 10; the trolley frame is transported by a traveling device 50, which can be an electric flatbed trolley. The traveling device 50 can travel into the U-shaped structure of the trolley frame 10. By adjusting the height of the support, the trolley frame 10 can be placed on the traveling device 50 and driven to move. In this embodiment, in order to support the trolley frame 10 on the traveling device 50, an adjustable support 15 is provided below the trolley frame 10. The height of the support 15 can be adjusted by using a turbine screw jack in conjunction with a servo motor. During the concrete pouring and curing process, the trolley frame 10 remains stationary within the box culvert under the support of the support. After curing and formwork removal, the trolley frame 10 needs to be moved to the next construction position. The traveling device 50 is moved below the trolley frame 10. By adjusting the height of the support 15, the trolley frame 10 is lowered and supported by the traveling device 50, separating the support 15 from the bottom foundation surface. The traveling device 50 then moves the trolley frame 10 to the next required position. Once the traveling device 50 has moved to the preset position, the height of the support 15 is adjusted so that it rests on the foundation surface and separates from the traveling device 50. The traveling device 50 then slides off the bottom of the trolley frame 10. Therefore, the traveling device 50 in this embodiment can be used to move multiple trolley frames 10.

[0069] Furthermore, in order to adjust the position of the trolley frame 10 on the traveling device 50, a horizontally adjustable traveling wheel 16 is provided in the U-shaped structure of the trolley frame 10. The horizontally adjustable traveling wheel 16 is fixed on the trolley frame 10 by a mounting bracket, and the horizontally adjustable traveling wheel can support the upper surface of the traveling device 50. During the process of adjusting the left and right position of the trolley frame 10 in the box culvert, it is convenient for the trolley frame 10 to move left and right.

[0070] In one specific embodiment, the side formwork multi-dimensional adjustment system is applied to box culvert construction. The box culvert bottom slab 1 and the bottom foundation 2 of the box culvert sidewalls have been completed. The sidewalls of the box culvert need to be constructed. To facilitate the smooth movement of the trolley frame 10 driven by the traveling device 50, a transport guide device 17 is installed on the trolley frame 10 below the side formwork mechanism 20. The transport guide device 17 includes a spring rod 171 and a limiting roller 172. The spring rod 171 is telescopic and elastic. One end of the spring rod 171 is fixedly installed on the trolley frame 10, and the other end faces the bottom foundation 2 of the box culvert sidewalls. The limiting roller 172 is rotatably installed at the end of the spring rod away from the trolley frame 10, and the axis of rotation of the limiting roller 172 is in the vertical direction. Under the action of the spring rod, the limiting roller can continuously abut against the bottom foundation 2 of the box culvert sidewalls, thus playing a guiding role in the movement of the traveling device 50.

[0071] Furthermore, to adjust the left and right position of the trolley frame 10 within the box culvert, positioning devices 18 are installed below the side formwork mechanisms 20 on both sides of the trolley frame 10. Specifically, the positioning device 18 includes a horizontal telescopic member 181 and a limiting end plate 182. The horizontal telescopic member 181 is mounted on the trolley frame 10, with its telescopic end facing the side wall of the box culvert. The limiting end plate 182 is mounted on the telescopic end of the horizontal telescopic member 181. Driven by the horizontal telescopic member 181, the limiting end plate 182 can abut against the already poured side wall of the box culvert. As an example, the horizontal telescopic member 181 is a screw jack.

[0072] Example 2

[0073] This embodiment provides a method for multi-dimensional adjustment of the side mold, using the multi-dimensional adjustment system for the side mold described in Embodiment 1; the following is in conjunction with... Figures 1 to 6 The method for multidimensional adjustment of the side mold is further described.

[0074] The side mold multidimensional adjustment method includes the following steps:

[0075] Step 1: Place the trolley frame 10 on the foundation surface and adjust the template height of the side mold mechanism 20 using the trolley frame 10; install the tilt sensor and rangefinder on the side mold mechanism 20 and connect the tilt sensor and rangefinder to the controller.

[0076] First, the height of the side formwork mechanism 20 is initially adjusted using the trolley frame 10. For example, an adjustable support 15 is installed below the trolley frame 10. By adjusting the height of the support 15, the height of the formwork of the side formwork mechanism 20 is adjusted. A laser rangefinder can be used, which is installed on the back of the side formwork mechanism 20 to measure the distance to the foundation surface. In box culvert construction, the foundation surface is the upper surface of the bottom of the box culvert. In the construction of other building components, the foundation surface can also be the ground or the support surface.

[0077] Step 2: The tilt sensor collects the tilt angle data of the side mold mechanism 20 and sends the tilt angle data to the controller. The controller calculates the angle α between the bottom edge of the template and the horizontal plane, the angle β between the bottom edge and the vertical plane, and can calculate the angle γ between the side edge of the template and the vertical plane.

[0078] Step 3: Adjust the height of the two cantilever mechanisms 30 so that one end of the template of the side mold mechanism 20 is raised by B1sinα / 2 and the other end is lowered by B1sinα / 2, while the height of the center point of the template remains unchanged, α=0; where B1 is the distance between the connection point between the side mold mechanism and the two cantilever mechanisms 30. When α=0, the top and bottom edges of the template are both in the horizontal plane.

[0079] Step 4: Synchronously adjust the lengths of the two adjustment mechanisms 40 in the same column until β=0. When β=0, the top and bottom edges of the template are parallel to the vertical plane. The adjustment length of the two adjustment mechanisms 40 in the same column is B2sinβ / 2. Where B2 is the distance between the connection point formed by the side mold mechanism and the two adjustment mechanisms 40 in the same row.

[0080] Step 5: Synchronously adjust the lengths of the two adjustment mechanisms 40 in the same row until γ=0, completing the template angle adjustment of the template mechanism. The adjustment length of the two adjustment mechanisms 40 is B3sinγ, where B3 is the distance between the connection point formed by the side template mechanism and the two adjustment mechanisms 40 in the same column.

[0081] Step 6: Simultaneously adjust the lengths of the four adjustment mechanisms 40 so that the front of the template of the side mold mechanism 20 is located in the vertical plane.

[0082] Step 7: Measure the height H using a distance measuring instrument. Z The controller calculates the distance H measured by the rangefinder. Z With design height H S The difference △H between them is used to precisely adjust the template height of the side mold mechanism 20 through the cantilever mechanism 30.

[0083] In one specific embodiment, the cantilever mechanism 30 includes a telescopic cantilever beam 31, a first support 32, and a second support 33. The first support 32 is fixed to the trolley frame 10 via a height adjustment mechanism 34. The height adjustment mechanism 34 includes a first connecting plate 341, a second connecting plate 342, a support plate 343, a stiffening plate 344, an adjusting bolt 345, and a bolt turning tool (not shown). For specific structure and connection relationships, please refer to Embodiment 1, which will not be repeated here. Let L1 be the center distance between the first and second supports, L2 be the distance between the second support and the end of the cantilever mechanism 30 near the side mold mechanism 20, D be the thread pitch of the adjusting bolt, and m1 be the number of rotations of the adjusting bolt caused by the bolt turning tool in step three when adjusting the height of the cantilever mechanism. Then, the following conditions are met: In step seven, the bolt rotation tool is used to precisely adjust the template height of the side mold mechanism 20. The number of rotations of the adjusting bolt is recorded as m2. Then, the following condition is met: .

[0084] Because the tilt sensor's measurement range is 0~90°, the control module program sets the clockwise rotation angle of the reference coordinate axis to be positive and the counterclockwise rotation angle of the reference coordinate axis to be negative. The tilt sensor has a large measurement error on dynamic objects, so after completing one process, it is paused for 30 seconds and then adjusted again by reading the tilt sensor.

[0085] In one specific embodiment, the bottom middle portion of the trolley frame 10 is provided with a recessed U-shaped structure; an adjustable support 15 is provided below the trolley frame 10; the automatic opening and closing formwork trolley system for box culverts also includes a traveling device 50. The specific structure of the traveling mechanism is described in Embodiment 1 and will not be repeated here. In step one, the trolley frame 10 is placed on the foundation surface, specifically as follows:

[0086] The traveling device 50 travels to the underside of the U-shaped structure of the trolley frame 10;

[0087] Adjust the support height of the trolley frame 10 so that the trolley frame 10 rests on the traveling device 50, and the support 15 of the trolley frame 10 is separated from the foundation surface.

[0088] The control walking device 50 drives the trolley frame 10 to the current construction position;

[0089] Adjust the height of the support 15 of the trolley frame 10 so that the support 15 is supported on the foundation surface, and separate the trolley frame 10 from the traveling device 50.

[0090] The traveling device 50 moves out from under the trolley frame 10.

[0091] Furthermore, a positioning device 18 is provided below the side mold mechanism 20 on both sides of the trolley frame 10, and a frame horizontal adjustment wheel 16 is provided in the U-shaped structure of the trolley frame 10. When the trolley frame 10 is placed on the traveling device 50, the horizontal position of the trolley frame 10 is adjusted by adjusting the telescopic part of the positioning device, so that the trolley frame 10 can move on the traveling device 50 through the frame horizontal adjustment wheel 16.

[0092] In one specific embodiment, the side mold multidimensional adjustment method further includes:

[0093] Step 8: Install an outer formwork 60 on the outside of the formwork of the side formwork mechanism 20, and connect the outer formwork 60 to the formwork of the side formwork mechanism 20 using tie bolts 25. The outer formwork 60 can be hoisted into place using a crane. After installing the tie bolts, support the outer formwork 60.

[0094] Furthermore, the tie bolt 25 is a tie bolt with a self-locking function, combined with... Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the tie bolt 25 includes a tie rod 251 and a locking disc 252. One end of the tie rod 251 is provided with inverted conical teeth 2511, and the other end is provided with external threads 2512. The locking disc 252 is a ring structure, including two radially arranged through holes 2521. Each through hole 2521 is provided with a set of telescopic components. The telescopic components include a telescopic tongue 2522, a spring 2523, and a solenoid valve 2524. The telescopic tongue 2522 is provided with sliders 2525 on both sides. The sidewall of the through hole is provided with a groove 2526 that matches the slider. The telescopic tongue 2522 can move along the through hole 2521 within the groove 2526 via the sliders 2525. The solenoid valve 2524 is spaced apart from the telescopic tongue 2522 and fixed within the through hole 2521. The two ends of the spring 2523 abut against the solenoid valve 2524 and the telescopic tongue 2522, respectively. The working principle of the tie rod 25 is further described below. When one end of the tie rod 251 is inserted into the locking disc 252, the inverted conical teeth 2511 gradually press against the telescopic tongue 2522, the spring 2523 is compressed and deformed, and the telescopic tongue 2522 gradually retracts into the through hole 2521. When the telescopic tongue 2522 passes over one inverted conical tooth 2511, the spring force pushes the telescopic tongue 2522 out and into the tooth groove, and continues to push the tie rod 251 so that the position of the locking disc 252 and the tie rod 251 meets the requirements. The inverted conical tooth 2511 has a tapered surface with a gradually increasing radius and an end face with a sudden change in radius. The tapered surface allows the telescopic tongue 2522 to retract. A groove is formed between the end face and the tapered surface of the adjacent inverted conical tooth 2511. When the telescopic tongue 2522 is located within the groove, the pull rod 251 can only move in the direction of insertion into the locking disc 252 and cannot move in the opposite direction, giving the locking disc 252 a one-way locking function. A solenoid valve 2524 is provided on the outer edge of the locking disc 252. When it is necessary to withdraw the pull rod 251, the valve opens, causing the telescopic tongue 2522 to retract into the through hole of the locking disc 252 under electromagnetic force. At this time, the pull rod 251 can be withdrawn from the locking disc 252. The threaded section of the pull rod 251 is connected to the pull disc 253, which can adopt an existing structure. The outer mold mechanism and the inner mold mechanism are fixedly connected by tie bolts. Specifically, a sleeve is installed at the bolt hole position between the outer mold mechanism and the inner mold mechanism; a locking plate is installed at the bolt hole position on the back of the inner mold mechanism; the tie rod of the tie bolt, which has inverted conical teeth, is inserted into the bolt hole on the back of the outer mold mechanism and then into the locking plate. The inverted conical teeth push the telescopic tongue, allowing the tie rod to be smoothly inserted into the tooth groove between the inverted conical teeth; a tie plate is installed on the external thread section of the tie rod on the back of the outer mold mechanism; rotating the tie plate tightens the tie bolt.

[0095] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0096] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this invention patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for multidimensional adjustment of a side mold, characterized in that, A multi-dimensional adjustment system for the side mold is used for adjustment. This system includes a trolley frame, a side mold mechanism, a cantilever mechanism, an adjustment mechanism, a rangefinder, an inclination sensor, and a controller. The trolley frame has four adjustment mechanisms arranged in a rectangular pattern. One end of each adjustment mechanism is mounted on the trolley frame, and the other end is slidably connected to the back of the side mold mechanism. These adjustment mechanisms can adjust the position of the side mold mechanism by horizontal extension and retraction. The trolley frame also has two cantilever mechanisms, one end of which is mounted on the trolley frame, and the other end is hinged to the back of the side mold mechanism. These cantilever mechanisms bear the vertical load of the side mold mechanism and can extend and retract horizontally to adapt to the length of the adjustment mechanism. The rangefinder measures the height of the side mold template. The inclination sensor is mounted on the side mold mechanism to measure the inclination angle of the template. The controller can calculate the template height H of the side mold mechanism, the angle α between the bottom edge of the template and the horizontal plane, the angle β between the bottom edge of the template and the vertical plane, and the angle γ between the side edge of the template and the vertical plane, where the vertical plane is the plane where the template of the side mold mechanism is designed to be positioned; the controller can control the adjustment height of the adjustment mechanism, and can also control the extension length of the adjustment mechanism. The side mold multidimensional adjustment method includes the following steps: Step 1: Place the trolley frame on the foundation surface and make preliminary adjustments to the template height of the side formwork mechanism using the trolley frame; install an inclination sensor and a distance measuring instrument on the side formwork mechanism and connect them to the sensors; Step 2: The tilt sensor collects the tilt angle data of the side mold mechanism and sends the tilt angle data to the controller. The controller calculates the angle α between the bottom edge of the template and the horizontal plane, the angle β between the bottom edge and the vertical plane, and can calculate the angle γ between the side edge of the template and the vertical plane. Step 3: Adjust the height of the two cantilever mechanisms so that one end of the template of the side mold mechanism is raised by B1sinα / 2 and the other end is lowered by B1sinα / 2, while the height of the center point of the template remains unchanged, so that α=0; where B1 is the distance between the connection point between the side mold mechanism and the two cantilever mechanisms. Step 4: Synchronously adjust the lengths of the two adjustment mechanisms in the same column to make β=0; where B2 is the distance between the connection point formed by the side mold mechanism and the two adjustment mechanisms in the same row; Step 5: Synchronously adjust the lengths of the two adjustment mechanisms in the same row to make γ=0, thus completing the template angle adjustment of the template mechanism; where B3 is the distance between the connection point formed by the side template mechanism and the two adjustment mechanisms in the same column; Step 6: Simultaneously adjust the lengths of the four adjustment mechanisms so that the front of the template of the side mold mechanism is located in the vertical plane; Step 7: Measure the height H using a distance measuring instrument. Z The controller calculates the distance H measured by the rangefinder. Z With design height H S The difference △H between them is used to precisely adjust the template height of the side mold mechanism through the cantilever mechanism.

2. The side mold multidimensional adjustment method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cantilever mechanism includes a telescopic cantilever beam, a first support, and a second support. One end of the telescopic cantilever beam is fixed by the first and second supports, and the other end is a telescopic end, which is hinged to the back of the side mold mechanism. The first support is fixed to the trolley frame by a height adjustment mechanism, which is used to adjust the height of the first support. The height adjustment mechanism includes a first connecting plate, a second connecting plate, a support plate, a stiffening plate, an adjusting bolt, and a bolt turning tool. The first connecting plate is vertically arranged and fixed to the trolley frame. The second connecting plate is arranged on the side of the first support and overlaps with the first connecting plate. The first connecting plate has a horizontal through hole, and the second connecting plate has an elongated hole, which is vertically oriented. The first and second connecting plates are connected by bolts arranged in the horizontal through hole and the elongated hole. The support plate is horizontally arranged, and one end is connected to the side of the first connecting plate near the bottom end. A stiffening plate is arranged between the support plate and the first connecting plate. The support plate has a vertical through hole, and an adjusting bolt is arranged in the vertical through hole. The top of the adjusting bolt is pressed against the bottom of the first support. The bolt turning tool can rotate the adjusting bolt to adjust the height of the adjusting bolt extending out of the support plate, thereby further adjusting the height of the first support. Let L1 be the center distance between the first and second supports, D be the thread pitch of the adjusting bolt, L2 be the distance between the second support and the end of the cantilever mechanism near the side mold mechanism, and m1 be the number of times the adjusting bolt rotates when adjusting the height of the cantilever mechanism in step three. Then, the following conditions are met: In step seven, the bolt rotation tool is used to precisely adjust the height of the side mold mechanism. The number of rotations of the adjusting bolt is recorded as m2. Then, the following condition is met: .

3. The side mold multidimensional adjustment method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom middle part of the trolley frame is provided with a recessed U-shaped structure; the trolley frame is provided with a height-adjustable support; the trolley frame is transported by a traveling device, which can travel into the U-shaped structure of the trolley frame. By adjusting the height of the support, the trolley frame can be placed on the traveling device and the trolley frame can be driven to move. In step one, the trolley frame is placed on the foundation surface, specifically as follows: The traveling device moves to the underside of the U-shaped structure of the trolley frame; Adjust the support height of the trolley frame so that the trolley frame rests on the traveling device, and the support of the trolley frame is separated from the foundation surface; Control the traveling device to move the trolley frame to the current construction position; Adjust the support height of the trolley frame so that the support is supported on the foundation surface, and separate the trolley frame from the traveling device; The traveling device is moved out from under the trolley frame.

4. The side mold multidimensional adjustment method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Positioning devices are also installed below the side formwork mechanisms on both sides of the trolley frame. Horizontal adjustable wheels are installed within the U-shaped structure of the trolley frame. The positioning devices include a horizontal telescopic component and a limiting end plate. The horizontal telescopic component is installed on the trolley frame, with its telescopic end facing the side wall of the box culvert. The limiting end plate is installed on the telescopic end of the horizontal telescopic component. The trolley frame is located inside the box culvert. Driven by the horizontal telescopic component, the limiting end plate can abut against the bottom foundation of the already poured side wall of the box culvert.

5. The side mold multidimensional adjustment method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The side mold multidimensional adjustment method also includes: Step 8: Set an outer template on the outside of the template of the side mold mechanism, and connect the outer template to the template of the side mold mechanism with tie bolts.

6. The side mold multidimensional adjustment method as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The tie bolt is a self-locking tie bolt, which includes a tie rod and a locking disc. One end of the tie rod has inverted conical teeth, and the other end has external threads. The locking disc is a ring structure, including two radially arranged through holes. Each through hole contains a set of telescopic components. The telescopic components include a telescopic tongue, a spring, and a solenoid valve. The telescopic tongue has sliders on both sides, and the sidewall of the through hole has a groove that matches the sliders. The telescopic tongue can move along the through hole in the groove through the sliders. The solenoid valve is spaced apart from the telescopic tongue and fixed in the through hole. The two ends of the spring abut against the solenoid valve and the telescopic tongue, respectively. The outer template and the template of the side template mechanism are connected by tie bolts. Specifically, a sleeve is installed at the bolt hole position between the outer template mechanism and the inner template mechanism; a locking plate is installed at the bolt hole position on the back of the inner template mechanism; the tie rod of the tie bolt with the inverted conical teeth is inserted into the bolt hole on the back of the outer template mechanism and then into the locking plate. The inverted conical teeth push the telescopic tongue, so that the tie rod is smoothly inserted into the tooth groove between the inverted conical teeth; a tie plate is installed on the external thread section of the tie rod on the back of the outer template mechanism; rotating the tie plate tightens the tie bolt.

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