Vacuum circuit breaker

Abstract

This disclosure proposes a vacuum circuit breaker, comprising a stationary conductive component and a moving conductive component. The moving conductive component is configured to adjustably move toward and contact the stationary conductive component to achieve the closing action of the vacuum circuit breaker. The solid-sealed pole also includes a buffer energy-absorbing mechanism, which includes a first movable member and a second movable member. The first movable member is located on the side of the stationary conductive component opposite to the moving conductive component. The second movable member is located on the side of the stationary conductive component opposite to the moving conductive component and is movably connected to the stationary conductive component. The second movable member is movably connected to the first movable member. The buffer energy-absorbing mechanism is used to absorb the impact energy generated when the stationary conductive component contacts the moving conductive component. Through the above design, this disclosure utilizes the movable connection design between the first movable member and the stationary conductive component and the movable connection design between the second movable member and the first movable member to construct a buffer structure with two degrees of freedom, thereby achieving a buffer function in the above two degrees of freedom.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of electrical control device technology, and in particular to a vacuum circuit breaker. Background Technology

[0002] In today's world, the world is undergoing profound changes unseen in a century. Climate change and instability pose severe challenges to the survival and development of all mankind. The global energy industry chain and supply chain have been severely impacted, international energy prices are fluctuating at high levels, the energy supply and demand landscape is undergoing profound adjustments, and a new round of technological and industrial revolution is developing in depth. The safe, efficient, green, and low-carbon transformation of energy and power systems, as well as digital and intelligent technological innovation, have become global development trends.

[0003] The new power system that my country is currently advocating and vigorously developing is a new era power system that takes ensuring energy and power security as its basic premise, meeting the power demand for high-quality economic and social development as its primary goal, building a high-proportion new energy supply and consumption system as its main task, multi-directional coordination and flexible interaction between power generation, grid, load and storage as its strong support, a robust, intelligent and flexible power grid as its hub platform, and technological innovation and institutional innovation as its basic guarantee. It is an important component of the new energy system and a key carrier for achieving the "dual carbon" goal.

[0004] The core objective of building a new power system is to be clean and low-carbon. In this new power system, non-fossil energy power generation will gradually become the main source of installed capacity and electricity. Multiple clean energy sources such as nuclear, hydro, wind, solar, and energy storage will develop in a coordinated and complementary manner. While the proportion of fossil energy power generation capacity and electricity generation will decrease, under the guidance of new low-carbon, zero-carbon, and negative-carbon technologies, the total carbon emissions of the power system will gradually reach the "dual carbon" target requirements.

[0005] The application of new energy technologies in the power sector has promoted the development of new energy sources, enabling renewable energy installed capacity and power generation to maintain a high-speed growth trend. However, the large-scale grid connection of wind and solar power in the future will pose significant challenges to the current power grid's operational safety, regulation capacity, and power quality, highlighting prominent issues that urgently need to be addressed through technological development and innovation. In the new power system, new energy sources will gradually transform into the main power source of the system by improving their reliability support capabilities. Large power sources, large grids, and distributed generation will be compatible and coexist, with multiple grid configurations existing simultaneously. Furthermore, in the new power system, flexible generation technologies for different types of generating units, flexible energy storage technologies with different time scales and scales, and flexible AC / DC transmission technologies will be widely applied. The backbone grid will be more flexible and adaptable, supporting a high proportion of new energy integration into the system and its transmission and consumption.

[0006] Switchgear, including circuit breakers, is a key device for control and protection in power systems. The new power system is derived from the conventional power system but possesses entirely different characteristics. The equipment manufacturing aspect has significantly replaced the original resource aspect, placing higher demands on transmission and consumption switchgear and requiring more breakthrough technologies.

[0007] However, in existing vacuum circuit breakers, during the closing and opening process, the operating mechanism transmits motion and force to the moving conductive components of the main circuit. Collisions and the transfer of force and energy between the moving and stationary conductive components occur, causing repeated oscillations of the moving and stationary conductive components during closing. This manifests electrically as a "bouncing" phenomenon in the circuit closing and opening, known as closing bounce or opening rebound. Specifically, the moving and stationary conductive components of existing vacuum circuit breakers are rigidly connected. During operation, a "rigid collision" phenomenon exists. Therefore, if the vibration mode happens to be within the natural frequency range during closing, this "rigid collision" can easily generate "resonance," leading to excessive characteristic parameters of the vacuum circuit breaker. Summary of the Invention

[0008] A primary objective of this disclosure is to overcome at least one of the deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a vacuum circuit breaker that can mitigate the problem of excessive characteristic parameters caused by collisions during closing operations.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present disclosure adopts the following technical solution:

[0010] According to one aspect of this disclosure, a vacuum circuit breaker is provided, including a stationary conductive component and a moving conductive component. The moving conductive component is configured to adjustably move toward and contact the stationary conductive component to achieve the closing action of the vacuum circuit breaker. The solid-sealed pole further includes a buffer energy-absorbing mechanism, which includes a first movable member and a second movable member. The first movable member is located on the side of the stationary conductive component opposite to the moving conductive component. The second movable member is located on the side of the stationary conductive component opposite to the moving conductive component and is movably connected to the stationary conductive component. The second movable member is movably connected to the first movable member. The buffer energy-absorbing mechanism is used to absorb the impact energy generated when the stationary conductive component contacts the moving conductive component.

[0011] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, wherein: the first movable member is provided with a through hole in the vertical direction; the buffer energy absorption mechanism further includes at least one buffer energy absorption component, the buffer energy absorption component including a limiting sleeve, a connecting member, the second movable member, and an elastic member; the limiting sleeve partially passes through the through hole, and one end of the limiting sleeve facing away from the static conductive component extends out of the top opening of the through hole; the connecting member has a limiting cap and a connecting rod, the outer diameter of the limiting cap is larger than the outer diameter of the connecting rod, and the connecting rod partially passes through the limiting sleeve; the connecting member has a limiting cap and a connecting rod, the outer diameter of the limiting cap is larger than the outer diameter of the connecting rod, and the connecting rod partially passes through the limiting sleeve; the connecting member has a limiting cap and a connecting rod. One end of the rod facing away from the static conductive component extends out of the limiting sleeve and is connected to the limiting cap; the other end of the connecting rod facing the static conductive component extends out of the limiting sleeve and is connected to the static conductive component; the second movable member is movably connected to the connecting rod and is located between the limiting cap and the limiting sleeve; the elastic member is connected between the second movable member and the top opening of the through hole; wherein, when the vacuum circuit breaker is not closed, the elastic member is in a compressed state, so that the second movable member abuts against the bottom of the limiting cap and has a gap with the limiting sleeve.

[0012] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, the first movable element is a heat sink.

[0013] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, the first movable member is a heat sink, the top surface of the heat sink is provided with a receiving groove, the top opening of the through hole is located at the bottom of the receiving groove, and the portion of the buffer energy absorption component located on the side of the through hole opposite to the static conductive component is received in the receiving groove and does not extend out of the heat sink.

[0014] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, the cross-sectional area of ​​the through hole is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the receiving groove, so that the portion of the bottom of the receiving groove without the through hole forms a stepped surface; wherein, the elastic member is connected between the second movable member and the stepped surface.

[0015] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, the heat sink is made of a thermally conductive material; and / or, the surface of the heat sink is provided with an insulating layer.

[0016] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, the radiator has heat dissipation fins.

[0017] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, the second movable element is a gasket.

[0018] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, the second movable member is a gasket, which is sleeved on the connecting rod and located between the limiting cap and the limiting sleeve. The thickness of the gasket is less than the distance between the limiting cap and the limiting sleeve, so that the gasket can slide along the connecting rod between the limiting cap and the limiting sleeve.

[0019] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, the limiting sleeve and the connecting rod of the connecting member are an integral structure; or, the limiting sleeve and the connecting member are two relatively independent components, and the limiting sleeve is sleeved on the outer periphery of the connecting rod.

[0020] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, the buffer energy absorption mechanism includes at least two of the buffer energy absorption components, which are arranged at intervals.

[0021] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, the buffer energy absorption mechanism includes at least three of the buffer energy absorption components; wherein, taking the plane where the top surface of the static conductive component is located as a reference plane, on the reference plane, the orthographic projections of at least three of the buffer energy absorption components are respectively arranged at the endpoints of a regular polygon path, and the number of sides of the regular polygon is equal to the number of the buffer energy absorption components.

[0022] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, the central axis of the static conductive component coincides with the central axis of the dynamic conductive component, and the geometric center of the polygonal path is located on the central axis.

[0023] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, the outer diameter of the connecting rod is smaller than the inner diameter of the limiting sleeve.

[0024] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, the connector is a bolt, the nut of the bolt is the limiting cap, and the bolt shank is the connecting rod.

[0025] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, the elastic element is a spring, which is wound around the outer periphery of the portion of the limiting sleeve that extends out of the through hole. One end of the spring is connected to the second movable element, and the other end is connected to the top opening of the through hole.

[0026] As can be seen from the above technical solution, the advantages and positive effects of the vacuum circuit breaker proposed in this disclosure are as follows:

[0027] The vacuum circuit breaker disclosed herein incorporates a buffer energy-absorbing mechanism on the stationary conductive component. This buffer energy-absorbing mechanism includes a first movable member and a second movable member. The first movable member is located on the side of the stationary conductive component facing away from the moving conductive component; the second movable member is located on the side of the stationary conductive component facing away from the moving conductive component and is movably connected to the stationary conductive component, and is also movably connected to the first movable member. Accordingly, the buffer energy-absorbing mechanism is used to absorb the impact energy generated when the stationary conductive component contacts the moving conductive component. Through the above design, this disclosure utilizes the movable connection design between the first movable member and the stationary conductive component, and the movable connection design between the second movable member and the first movable member, to construct a buffer structure with two degrees of freedom. This allows for buffering functionality in these two degrees of freedom. When the vacuum circuit breaker closes, the buffer energy-absorbing mechanism can undergo multiple oscillations, collisions, and frictions in these two degrees of freedom, thereby completely absorbing and dissipating the excess energy generated by the closing action and transmitted to the stationary conductive component, avoiding "resonance," and thus preventing the problem of exceeding characteristic parameters. Attached Figure Description

[0028] The various objectives, features, and advantages of this disclosure will become more apparent from the following detailed description of preferred embodiments of the disclosure taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The drawings are merely illustrative illustrations of the disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale. In the drawings, the same reference numerals always denote the same or similar parts. Wherein:

[0029] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a vacuum circuit breaker according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0030] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the solid-sealed electrode is shown;

[0031] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A three-dimensional structural diagram from a top-down perspective;

[0032] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of a portion of the solid-sealed pole in the unclosed state.

[0033] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 An enlarged schematic diagram of part A in the diagram;

[0034] Figure 6 yes Figure 2 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a portion of the solid-sealed pole in the closed state is shown;

[0035] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 An enlarged schematic diagram of part B in the diagram;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the stroke displacement curves of the closing and opening moving components of a vacuum circuit breaker;

[0037] Figure 9 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the elastic element;

[0038] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram comparing the closing bounce time of the existing solution with that of this disclosure;

[0039] Figure 11 This is a comparative diagram of the existing solution and the closing overshoot of this disclosure;

[0040] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram comparing the existing solution with the tripping overshoot and rebound of the present disclosure.

[0041] The annotations in the attached figures are explained as follows:

[0042] 100. Base;

[0043] 200. Solid-sealed pole;

[0044] 210. Static conductivity components;

[0045] 220. Dynamic conductive components;

[0046] 230. Arc-extinguishing chamber;

[0047] 240. Corrugated pipe;

[0048] 250. Radiator;

[0049] 251. Through hole;

[0050] 252. Receiving tank;

[0051] 2521. Stepped surface;

[0052] 253. Heat dissipation fins;

[0053] 261. Limiting sleeve;

[0054] 262. Connecting parts;

[0055] 2621. Limiting cap;

[0056] 2622. Connecting rod;

[0057] 263. Gasket;

[0058] 264. Elastic element;

[0059] 300. Operation panel;

[0060] D1. Thickness;

[0061] D2. Spacing;

[0062] G. Gap;

[0063] L. Upward shift spacing. Detailed Implementation

[0064] Typical embodiments embodying the features and advantages of this disclosure will be described in detail in the following description. It should be understood that this disclosure can have various variations in different embodiments without departing from the scope of this disclosure, and the descriptions and drawings therein are illustrative in nature and not intended to limit this disclosure.

[0065] In the following description of various exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which form part of this disclosure, and which illustrate by way of example different exemplary structures, systems, and steps that can implement various aspects of this disclosure. It should be understood that other specific embodiments of the components, structures, exemplary devices, systems, and steps may be used, and structural and functional modifications may be made without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Furthermore, while the terms “above,” “between,” “within,” etc., may be used in this specification to describe different exemplary features and elements of this disclosure, these terms are used herein only for convenience, such as the orientation according to the examples described in the accompanying drawings. Nothing in this specification should be construed as requiring a specific three-dimensional orientation of the structure to fall within the scope of this disclosure.

[0066] See Figure 1 The illustration shows a representative three-dimensional structural diagram of the vacuum circuit breaker proposed in this disclosure. In this exemplary embodiment, the vacuum circuit breaker proposed in this disclosure is described using a medium-voltage circuit breaker as an example. It will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, additions, substitutions, deletions, or other changes may be made to the specific embodiments described below in order to apply the relevant designs of this disclosure to other types of circuit breaker devices, and these changes are still within the scope of the principles of the vacuum circuit breaker proposed in this disclosure.

[0067] like Figure 1As shown, in one embodiment of this disclosure, the vacuum circuit breaker includes a base 100, a solid-sealed pole 200, and an operation panel 300. The solid-sealed pole 200 is disposed on the base 100, and the number of solid-sealed poles 200 is not limited to the three shown in the figures. The operation panel 300 is disposed on the base 100 and located on the side of the solid-sealed pole 200. The solid-sealed pole 200 includes a stationary conductive component 210, a moving conductive component 220, an arc-extinguishing chamber 230, and a bellows 240. The stationary conductive component 210 and the moving conductive component 220 are partially located within the arc-extinguishing chamber 230, and the bellows 240 is disposed at the lower end of the moving conductive component 220. The stationary conductive component 210 may include a stationary contact, a stationary conductive rod, and a stationary terminal structure, etc. The moving conductive component 220 may include a moving contact, a moving conductive rod, and a moving terminal structure, etc. (See also...) Figures 2 to 7 , Figure 2 The diagram shows a representative three-dimensional structural schematic of the solid-sealed pole 200.

[0068] Figure 3 The diagram shows a three-dimensional structural schematic of a portion of the solid-sealed pole 200 from a top-down perspective. Figure 4 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of a portion of the solid-sealed pole 200 in the unclosed state. Figure 5 China representatively shows Figure 4 An enlarged schematic diagram of part A in the diagram; Figure 6 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of a portion of the solid-sealed pole 200 in the closed state. Figure 7 China representatively shows Figure 6 An enlarged schematic diagram of part B is shown below. The structure, connection method, and functional relationship of the main components of the vacuum circuit breaker proposed in this disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the above-mentioned figures.

[0069] like Figures 1 to 7As shown, in one embodiment of this disclosure, the static conductive component 210 is disposed above the dynamic conductive component 220, and the dynamic conductive component 220 can be adjusted to move toward the static conductive component 210 and contact the static conductive component 210 to realize the closing action of the vacuum circuit breaker. The solid-sealed pole 200 further includes a buffer energy-absorbing mechanism, which includes a first movable member and a second movable member. The first movable member is located on the side of the static conductive component 210 opposite to the dynamic conductive component 220, meaning that the first movable member is not directly connected to the static conductive component 210. The second movable member is located on the side of the static conductive component 210 opposite to the dynamic conductive component 220 and is movably connected to the static conductive component 210, and the second movable member is also movably connected to the first movable member. Based on this, the buffer energy-absorbing mechanism can absorb the impact energy generated when the static conductive component 210 contacts the dynamic conductive component 220. Through the above design, this disclosure utilizes the movable connection design between the first movable member and the static conductive component 210 and the movable connection design between the second movable member and the first movable member to construct a buffer structure with two degrees of freedom. Accordingly, the buffer function can be realized in the above two degrees of freedom. When the vacuum circuit breaker is closed, the buffer energy absorption mechanism can perform multiple oscillations, collisions and frictions in the above two degrees of freedom, thereby completely absorbing and consuming the excess energy generated by the closing action and transmitted to the static conductive component 210, avoiding "resonance" and thus avoiding the problem of exceeding the characteristic parameters. Furthermore, in order to solve the "resonance" problem, compared with the existing solution which uses a correlation design based on complex formula calculations for each component of the vacuum circuit breaker, this disclosure directly utilizes the original heat dissipation structure and gaskets without affecting the original design parameters of each component of the vacuum circuit breaker (such as the static conductive component 210, the dynamic conductive component 220, etc.), and changes their arrangement. An elastomer is introduced to give it two degrees of freedom, that is, a "non-embedded" buffer energy absorption mechanism is used to achieve a buffer function based on two degrees of freedom. This means that the original kinematic chain is not changed, nor is the original insulation performance and heat dissipation performance of the whole system, and the buffer effect is further improved.

[0070] like Figures 4 to 7As shown, in one embodiment of this disclosure, the first movable member is a heat sink 250, which has a through hole 251 in the vertical direction. The buffer energy absorption mechanism further includes at least one buffer energy absorption component, each of which includes a limiting sleeve 261, a connecting member 262, the aforementioned second movable member, and an elastic member 264. Specifically, the limiting sleeve 261 partially passes through the through hole 251, and its upper end (i.e., the end of the limiting sleeve 261 facing away from the static conductive component 210) extends out of the top opening of the through hole 251. The connector 262 has a limiting cap 2621 and a connecting rod 2622. The outer diameter of the limiting cap 2621 is larger than the outer diameter of the connecting rod 2622. The connecting rod 2622 partially passes through the limiting sleeve 261. The upper end of the connecting rod 2622 (i.e., the end of the connecting rod 2622 facing away from the static conductive component 210) extends out of the limiting sleeve 261 and is connected to the limiting cap 2621. The lower end of the connecting rod 2622 (i.e., the end of the connecting rod 2622 facing the static conductive component 210) extends out of the limiting sleeve 261 and is connected to the static conductive component 210. The second movable component is a gasket 263. The gasket 263 is sleeved on the connecting rod 2622 and located between the limiting cap 2621 and the limiting sleeve 261. The thickness D1 of the gasket 263 is smaller than the distance D2 between the limiting cap 2621 and the limiting sleeve 261. The elastic element 264 is connected between the gasket 263 and the top opening of the through hole 251. Based on this, when the vacuum circuit breaker is not closed, the elastic element 264 is in a compressed state, causing the gasket 263 to abut against the bottom of the limit cap 2621 and have a gap G with the limit sleeve 261. Through the above design, this disclosure uses the radiator 250 and the gasket 263 as the first and second movable elements, respectively, and uses the limit sleeve 261, the connector 262, and the elastic element 264 for sliding sleeve connection and elastic connection, thereby realizing the design that "the radiator 250 is supported on the static conductive component 210, the gasket 263 is disposed on the top of the static conductive component 210 via the connector 262 and is movably connected to the static conductive component 210, and the gasket 263 and the radiator 250 are movably connected via the elastic element 264".

[0071] Specifically, because the energy-absorbing buffer assembly of this disclosure uses an elastic element 264, the energy-absorbing buffer assembly has a second degree of freedom, that is, the energy-absorbing buffer assembly has two degrees of freedom. One degree of freedom exists between the heat sink 250 and the static conductive component 210, and the other degree of freedom exists between the gasket 263, the connector 262, and the limiting sleeve 261. Accordingly, in the initial state, that is, when the vacuum circuit breaker is not closed, the elastic element 264 is in a compressed state. Under the action of the pre-compression force F0, the elastic element 264 can maintain pressure on the heat sink 250, so that the heat sink 250 and the static conductive component 210 can make reliable contact. During the operation of the vacuum circuit breaker, taking the closing operation as an example: the operating mechanism of the vacuum circuit breaker transmits motion and force to the moving conductive component 220, so that the moving conductive component 220 has a certain speed and moves towards the static conductive component 210 until the two make contact. At the moment of collision, since the heat sink 250 and the static conductive component 210 have no direct connection, the heat sink 250 will move slightly upward (e.g., Figure 7 The upward movement distance L of the heat sink 250 relative to the stationary conductive component 210 is shown, or can be understood as the upward movement trend. During the contact between the moving conductive component 220 and the stationary conductive component 210, the moving conductive component 220 and the stationary conductive component 210 "collide". Due to the use of the buffer energy absorption mechanism, the energy of the collision is transferred to the heat sink 250 and the buffer energy absorption mechanism through the stationary conductive component 210. The heat sink 250 gains initial energy, and under the action of the elastic member 264, depending on the magnitude of the input energy, oscillations and collisions occur between the heat sink 250 and the stationary conductive component 210, between the gasket 263 and the connector 262, and between the gasket 263 and the limiting sleeve 261. Finally, the excess energy is completely absorbed and consumed through several collisions and frictions. Since the buffer energy absorption mechanism of this disclosure has two degrees of freedom, under the same excess energy, the excess energy can be exhausted in a shorter time through the simultaneous action of the two degrees of freedom. Figures 2 to 7 As shown, in one embodiment of this disclosure, a receiving groove 252 can be formed on the top surface of the heat sink 250. Based on this, the top opening of the through hole 251 can be located at the bottom of the receiving groove 252, and the portion of the buffer energy-absorbing component located above the through hole 251 (i.e., the side of the through hole 251 facing away from the static conductive component) (e.g., elastic member 264, gasket 263, partial limiting sleeve 261, limiting cap 2621 of connector 262, and partial connecting rod 2622) is accommodated in the receiving groove 252 without protruding from the heat sink 250. Through this design, this disclosure can utilize the receiving groove 252 to accommodate the aforementioned structure of the buffer energy-absorbing component, thereby preventing the buffer energy-absorbing component from protruding from the top of the overall structure of the solidified pole 200, further optimizing the structural integrity of the vacuum circuit breaker and reducing space occupation.

[0072] like Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, in one embodiment of this disclosure, the cross-sectional area of ​​the through hole 251 can be smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the receiving groove 252, so that the portion of the bottom of the receiving groove 252 without the through hole 251 forms a stepped surface 2521. Based on this, the end of the elastic member 264 that is "connected to the top opening of the through hole 251" can specifically be connected to this stepped surface 2521. Through the above design, this disclosure can further facilitate the arrangement of the elastic member 264 and optimize the force on the elastic member 264. Accordingly, the elastic deformation of the elastic member 264 stores surplus energy, and through repeated oscillation, more fully absorbs and consumes the collision energy between the moving conductive component 220 and the stationary conductive component 210.

[0073] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the heat sink 250 can be made of a thermally conductive material, which can be, for example, but not limited to, a metallic material. Accordingly, since the heat sink 250 is made of a thermally conductive material and is in contact with the static conductive component 210, this disclosure can increase the heat transfer between the static conductive component 210 and the heat sink 250, thereby utilizing the heat sink 250 for heat dissipation, further improving the heat dissipation performance of the vacuum circuit breaker, and ensuring that the temperature rise performance of the vacuum circuit breaker during operation meets the product usage requirements. In some embodiments, the thermally conductive material can also be other non-metallic materials, which can be thermally conductive materials with insulating properties. In this case, the heat sink 250 can provide heat dissipation while also ensuring insulation performance.

[0074] In one embodiment of this disclosure, an insulating layer may be provided on the surface of the heat sink 250. Accordingly, this disclosure can further improve the insulation performance by utilizing the insulating layer.

[0075] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment of this disclosure, the radiator 250 may have heat dissipation fins 253.

[0076] like Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, in one embodiment of this disclosure, the limiting sleeve 261 and the connecting member 262 can be two relatively independent components, that is, the limiting sleeve 261 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the connecting rod 2622. In some embodiments, the limiting sleeve 261 and the connecting rod 2622 can also be an integral structure, and are not limited to this embodiment.

[0077] like Figures 4 to 7As shown, in one embodiment of this disclosure, the buffer energy absorption mechanism may include two buffer energy absorption components arranged at intervals. Through this design, the present disclosure utilizes two buffer energy absorption components to ensure a more uniform buffer energy absorption effect, optimize the stress state, and improve the overall structural stability. In some embodiments, the buffer energy absorption mechanism may also include only one buffer energy absorption component, or three or more buffer energy absorption components arranged at intervals, and is not limited to this embodiment.

[0078] For example, in one embodiment of this disclosure, the buffer energy absorption mechanism may include four buffer energy absorption components, two of which can be observed in the cross-sectional structures shown in the above figures. Specifically, taking the plane containing the top surface of the static conductive component 210 as a reference plane, the orthographic projections of the four buffer energy absorption components are respectively arranged at the four endpoints of a square path on this reference plane, that is, the four buffer energy absorption components are respectively arranged at the endpoints of a regular polygonal path with the same number of sides as the number of buffer energy absorption components. Through the above design, this disclosure can utilize multiple buffer energy absorption components to make the buffer energy absorption effect provided by the buffer energy absorption mechanism more uniform, optimize the stress state, and improve the overall stability of the structure. In some embodiments, the buffer energy absorption mechanism may also include three, five, or more buffer energy absorption components, and the orthographic projections of these buffer energy absorption components are respectively arranged at the endpoints of a regular polygonal path, the number of sides of which is equal to the number of buffer energy absorption components. Of course, the buffer energy absorption mechanism may also include only one or two buffer energy absorption components, and is not limited to this embodiment.

[0079] Based on the design of the buffer energy absorption mechanism including at least three buffer energy absorption components, in one embodiment of this disclosure, the central axis of the static conductive component 210 coincides with the central axis of the dynamic conductive component 220, and the geometric center of the polygonal path arranged by the at least three buffer energy absorption components can be located on the central axis. Through the above design, this disclosure enables the buffer energy absorption effect provided by the buffer energy absorption mechanism to be more uniform, further optimizes the stress state, and further improves the overall structural stability.

[0080] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the outer diameter of the connecting rod 2622 can be smaller than the inner diameter of the limiting sleeve 261. Through this design, this disclosure further ensures that when the limiting sleeve 261 moves relative to the connecting rod 2622 with the radiator 250, the frictional resistance between the limiting sleeve 261 and the connecting rod 2622 is small, or there is no frictional contact. This allows the elastic element 264 to more fully absorb impact energy, while reducing wear and extending its service life.

[0081] like Figures 4 to 7As shown, in one embodiment of this disclosure, the connector 262 can be a bolt, the nut of which is the aforementioned limiting cap 2621, and the bolt shank is the aforementioned connecting rod 2622.

[0082] Based on the bolt design of connector 262, in one embodiment of this disclosure, the screw may have a threaded section and a smooth section. The threaded section is the lower end of the screw, and the outer circumference of the threaded section is threaded. The screw is threadedly connected to the static conductive component via the threaded section. The smooth section is not threaded, and the screw passes through the limiting sleeve 261 and the washer 263 via the smooth section. Through the above design, this disclosure can further avoid the portion of the screw passing through the limiting sleeve 261 and the washer 263 being threaded, thereby avoiding damage to the components caused by friction between the threads and the limiting sleeve 261 and the washer 263, and further improving the service life.

[0083] like Figures 4 to 7 As shown, in one embodiment of this disclosure, the elastic element 264 can be a spring, which is wound around the outer periphery of the portion of the limiting sleeve 261 extending out of the through hole 251, with one end of the spring connected to the gasket 263 and the other end connected to the top opening of the through hole 251 (e.g., the stepped surface 2521 mentioned above). Through this design, this disclosure can utilize the spring to more effectively absorb collision energy. In some embodiments, when the buffer energy-absorbing assembly includes the elastic element 264, the elastic element 264 can also adopt other elastic structures, such as, but not limited to, sheet springs, leaf springs, etc., and is not limited to this embodiment.

[0084] Based on the detailed description of the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure above, one of the theoretical foundations of the design concept of this disclosure will be briefly introduced below.

[0085] Firstly, the design approach used in the design process of the vacuum circuit breaker described in this disclosure is still limited to "adopting a correlational design based on complex formula calculations for each component of the vacuum circuit breaker itself." Specifically, this existing approach includes: optimizing the design of each component of the circuit breaker during the design phase, such as optimizing the pre-compression force of the contact spring and the closing spring force of the operating mechanism, selecting appropriate contact materials and structural forms, and changing the motion mass. The aforementioned design method involves analyzing multiple influencing factors, such as "the influence of the initial pressure of the closing contact and the closing speed on the closing bounce," "the influence of the asynchronous closing mechanism on the closing bounce," and "other influencing factors." Furthermore, it involves designing multiple complex mathematical models, such as multi-physics coupling, for the analysis of these factors. In the engineering solution process, often solving one problem introduces other secondary problems. Accordingly, the engineering solution of "reducing closing bounce time" is to conduct correlation design on the functional components of the vacuum circuit breaker itself. This not only changes the original kinematic chain and dynamic design of the functional components of the vacuum circuit breaker, but also makes it difficult to avoid solving the problem of "excessive bounce time" in actual engineering applications, thus bringing about new secondary problems, such as changes in closing and opening speed and reduction in circuit breaker life.

[0086] In contrast, this disclosure adopts a "non-embedded" design. Without affecting the original design parameters of each component of the vacuum circuit breaker, it changes the fastening form of the original structure and introduces an "elastic body" to give the original fixed structure a degree of freedom. During the collision of the moving and stationary contacts during closing, it can absorb excess energy through oscillation.

[0087] Specifically, the "non-embedded" energy buffer and absorption device disclosed in this paper is designed using modal analysis. A mode is the inherent vibration characteristic of a structure, and each mode has a specific natural frequency, damping ratio, and mode shape. Vibration modes are inherent, holistic characteristics of elastic structures. Modal analysis was used to analyze the characteristics of each major mode of the structure within a certain susceptible frequency range, obtaining the actual vibration response of the structure under various external or internal vibration sources within this frequency band.

[0088] Every structure has its own vibration modes, which are summarized below:

[0089] A structural system theoretically has an infinite number of vibration modes, but the vibrations that contribute significantly to the structure's performance typically originate from lower-frequency modes. Vibration modes include three important modal parameters: natural frequency, mode shape, and modal damping ratio. By changing the system's modes—that is, by introducing an elastic body, altering the rigid body modes and elastic modes—the system's response at specific frequencies can be changed.

[0090] The modal analysis process is as follows: Data collection and model preparation: Collect the geometric shape and material property data of the structure. Finite element model creation: Discretize the structure into small elements, define nodes, material properties, and boundary conditions. Establish stiffness and mass matrices: Calculate the stiffness and mass matrices for each element based on the structure's geometry and material properties. Assemble the global stiffness and mass matrices: Combine the element matrices into a global matrix based on node connections. Solve the eigenvalue problem: Solve the eigenvalue problem of the structure using numerical methods (iterative method, Jacobi method, or Lanczos method). Eigenvalues ​​represent the structure's natural frequencies and mode shapes. Calculate modal parameters: Calculate the natural frequency, period, and mode shape of each mode based on the obtained eigenvalues. Modal analysis results: Analyze the first few modes of the structure to understand its vibration characteristics. Identify the main vibration modes. The overall mode structure of a circuit breaker can ultimately be transformed into a static and moving mass block. The closing process is the impact of the moving part on the static part, exhibiting different vibration characteristics under different modes. Structural design optimization can be used to improve the frequency or response of specific modes.

[0091] As stated above, this disclosure is based on the results of the above modal analysis. Without changing the transmission chain, the corresponding influencing factors are analyzed according to different specifications of circuit breakers. By introducing a buffer energy absorption mechanism, the overall static mass and stiffness are changed. By introducing a degree of freedom, excess energy is absorbed, thereby reducing the bounce time.

[0092] Based on the detailed description of the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure and the brief introduction of the theoretical basis of the design concept of this disclosure, the vibration characteristics of the vacuum circuit breaker proposed in this disclosure and its differences compared with existing solutions will be briefly introduced below.

[0093] like Figure 8As shown, the travel displacement curve of the moving components of the vacuum circuit breaker during closing and opening is L3, and Ua is the closing and opening signal; L1, L2, and L3 are the contact closing and opening signals of the three-phase AC circuit breaker, with the rising edge indicating closing; the time difference between the contact just closing point of any phase and Ua is called the closing time G or opening time H. The time difference between the moment the contact just closes and the starting moment when the contact is fully and stably closed for any phase is called the closing bounce time T; the difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​between the three phases just closing points is called the closing or opening synchronization; the difference between the highest point B of the moving component during the closing process and the position E after stable closing, i.e., "BE", is called the closing overshoot; the distance difference E between the position of the just closing point and the final stable position during the closing process is called the contact overtravel, which is the deformation of the contact spring, ensuring that the moving and stationary contacts have sufficient holding force in the closed position.

[0094] like Figure 9 As shown, taking a spring as an example of the elastic element in a buffer energy absorption component, such as a standard helical compression spring, its free length is A, and the total number of coils and effective number of coils are N1 and N2, respectively. The outer diameter of the spring is B, and the spring wire diameter is d. The pre-compression force of the compression spring at the assembly position is F0. F0 is a key parameter to ensure the energy exchange and absorption device. Depending on the different specifications of the circuit breaker, F0 and other spring parameters will also be different. When the energy absorption and buffer device has a heat dissipation function, F0 is also an important parameter to ensure reliable contact and heat dissipation between the heat sink and the static conductive component. Other parameters of the spring, such as stiffness, have a direct and crucial influence on the stiffness matrix of the entire system's modal modes. Figure 10 As shown, Figure 10 The closing bounce time (ms) of the existing circuit breaker and the present disclosure is represented by the three lines from top to bottom, which represent the closing signals of the three phases A, B, and C respectively. It can be seen that the closing bounce time of the existing circuit breaker is relatively large, and even exceeds the tolerance (greater than 2ms). In contrast, the closing bounce phenomenon of the present disclosure is effectively eliminated.

[0095] like Figure 11 As shown, Figure 11 The three lines from top to bottom represent the closing overshoot (mm) of the existing circuit breaker and the present disclosure, respectively representing the closing signals of the three phases A, B, and C. It can be seen that the closing overshoot of the existing circuit breaker is relatively large, and even exceeds the tolerance (greater than 2mm). In contrast, the closing overshoot phenomenon of the present disclosure is effectively eliminated.

[0096] like Figure 12 As shown, Figure 12 The figures show the overshoot and rebound (mm) of the tripping overshoot of existing circuit breakers compared to those of this disclosure. It can be seen that the magnitude of the rebound during tripping of this disclosure is significantly reduced compared to existing circuit breakers.

[0097] It should be noted that the vacuum circuit breakers shown in the accompanying drawings and described in this specification are merely a few examples among many vacuum circuit breakers capable of employing the principles of this disclosure. It should be clearly understood that the principles of this disclosure are by no means limited to any details of the vacuum circuit breakers shown in the accompanying drawings or described in this specification, or to any component of the vacuum circuit breakers.

[0098] In summary, the vacuum circuit breaker proposed in this disclosure incorporates a buffer energy-absorbing mechanism on the static conductive component. This buffer energy-absorbing mechanism includes a first movable member and a second movable member. The first movable member is located on the side of the static conductive component 210 facing away from the moving conductive component 220; the second movable member is located on the side of the static conductive component 210 facing away from the moving conductive component 220 and is movably connected to the static conductive component 210, and is also movably connected to the first movable member. Accordingly, the buffer energy-absorbing mechanism is used to absorb the impact energy generated when the static conductive component 210 contacts the moving conductive component 220. Through the above design, this disclosure utilizes the movable connection design between the first movable member and the static conductive component 210, and the movable connection design between the second movable member and the first movable member, to construct a buffer structure with two degrees of freedom. This allows for buffering functionality in these two degrees of freedom. When the vacuum circuit breaker closes, the buffer energy-absorbing mechanism can undergo multiple oscillations, collisions, and frictions in these two degrees of freedom, thereby completely absorbing and dissipating the excess energy generated by the closing action and transmitted to the static conductive component, avoiding "resonance," and thus preventing the problem of exceeding characteristic parameters.

[0099] The exemplary embodiments of the vacuum circuit breaker proposed in this disclosure have been described and / or illustrated in detail above. However, the embodiments of this disclosure are not limited to the specific embodiments described herein; rather, components and / or steps of each embodiment may be used independently and separately from other components and / or steps described herein. Each component and / or step of one embodiment may also be used in combination with other components and / or steps of other embodiments. In describing the elements / components / etc. described and / or illustrated herein, the terms “a,” “an,” and “the above” are used to indicate the presence of one or more elements / components / etc. The terms “comprising,” “including,” and “having” are used to indicate an open-ended inclusion and to mean that additional elements / components / etc. may exist in addition to the listed elements / components / etc. Furthermore, the terms “first” and “second” in the claims and specification are used only as illustrative marks and are not intended to limit the numerical scope of the object.

[0100] Although the vacuum circuit breaker proposed in this disclosure has been described with respect to different specific embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that modifications may be made to the implementation of this disclosure within the spirit and scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A vacuum circuit breaker, comprising a solid-sealed pole, the solid-sealed pole including a static conductive component and a moving conductive component, the moving conductive component being configured to adjustably move toward and contact the static conductive component to achieve the closing action of the vacuum circuit breaker; characterized in that, The solid-sealed electrode post further includes a buffer energy absorption mechanism, which includes: The first movable component is located on the side of the static conductive component facing away from the dynamic conductive component; the first movable component is provided with a through hole in the vertical direction; At least one buffer energy-absorbing component, the buffer energy-absorbing component including a limiting sleeve, a connecting member, a second movable member, and an elastic member; the limiting sleeve partially passes through the through hole, and one end of the limiting sleeve facing away from the static conductive component extends out of the top opening of the through hole; the connecting member has a limiting cap and a connecting rod, the outer diameter of the limiting cap is larger than the outer diameter of the connecting rod, the connecting rod partially passes through the limiting sleeve, one end of the connecting rod facing away from the static conductive component extends out of the limiting sleeve and is connected to the limiting cap, and the other end of the connecting rod facing the static conductive component extends out of the limiting sleeve and is connected to the limiting cap. The static conductive component is described above; the second movable component is a gasket, located on the side of the static conductive component opposite to the moving conductive component and movably connected to the static conductive component, the second movable component is movably connected to the first movable component, the second movable component is movably connected to the connecting rod and located between the limiting cap and the limiting sleeve; the elastic component is connected between the second movable component and the top opening of the through hole; when the vacuum circuit breaker is not closed, the elastic component is in a compressed state, so that the second movable component abuts against the bottom of the limiting cap and has a gap with the limiting sleeve; When the vacuum circuit breaker is closed, oscillations and collisions occur between the first movable member and the static conductive component, between the second movable member and the connecting member, and between the second movable member and the limiting sleeve, in order to absorb the impact energy generated when the static conductive component comes into contact with the moving conductive component.

2. The vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that The first movable component is a heat sink.

3. The vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first movable component is a heat sink, and the top surface of the heat sink is provided with a receiving groove. The top opening of the through hole is located at the bottom of the receiving groove. A part of the buffer energy absorption component is located on the side of the through hole facing away from the static conductivity component. The part of the buffer energy absorption component is accommodated in the receiving groove and does not extend out of the heat sink.

4. The vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cross-sectional area of ​​the through hole is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the receiving groove, so that the part of the bottom of the receiving groove without the through hole forms a stepped surface; wherein, the elastic member is connected between the second movable member and the stepped surface.

5. The vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heat sink is made of a thermally conductive material; and / or The surface of the radiator is provided with an insulating layer.

6. The vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that, The radiator has heat dissipation fins.

7. The vacuum circuit breaker of claim 1, wherein, The gasket is sleeved on the connecting rod and located between the limiting cap and the limiting sleeve. The thickness of the gasket is less than the distance between the limiting cap and the limiting sleeve, so that the gasket can slide along the connecting rod between the limiting cap and the limiting sleeve.

8. The vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting sleeve and the connecting rod of the connecting member are an integral structure; or The limiting sleeve and the connecting member are two relatively independent components, with the limiting sleeve fitted around the outer periphery of the connecting rod.

9. The vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buffer energy absorption mechanism includes at least two buffer energy absorption components, which are arranged at intervals.

10. The vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 9, characterized in that, The buffer energy absorption mechanism includes at least three buffer energy absorption components; wherein, taking the plane where the top surface of the static conductive component is located as the reference plane, on the reference plane, the orthographic projections of at least three buffer energy absorption components are respectively arranged at the endpoints of a regular polygon path, and the number of sides of the regular polygon is equal to the number of buffer energy absorption components.

11. The vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 10, characterized in that, The central axis of the static conductive component coincides with the central axis of the dynamic conductive component, and the geometric center of the polygonal path is located on the central axis of the static conductive component.

12. The vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer diameter of the connecting rod is smaller than the inner diameter of the limiting sleeve.

13. The vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connector is a bolt, the nut of the bolt is the limiting cap, and the bolt shank is the connecting rod.

14. The vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic element is a spring, which is wound around the outer periphery of the portion of the limiting sleeve that extends out of the through hole. One end of the spring is connected to the second movable element, and the other end is connected to the top opening of the through hole.

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