A method for factory-like shrimp farming

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for factory-scale shrimp farming, comprising the following steps: before stocking, the entire pond of the closed factory-scale farming workshop is sprayed and soaked with bleaching powder, then filtered farming water is injected for water conditioning, bacterial supplementation, and stress reduction, followed by stocking; the farming period from stocking to maturity is 3.5 months, divided into three stages: intensive nursery stage (35,000-500 shrimp), larval stage (500-100 shrimp), and adult shrimp stage (100-30 shrimp); antibacterial agent combination 1 and antibacterial agent combination 2 are added to the farming feed for the larval and adult shrimp stages, respectively. This invention establishes a scientific farming management model in the factory-scale shrimp farming process, and adds different combinations of antibacterial agents to the farming feed according to the growth characteristics of shrimp at different farming stages, effectively inhibiting the number of Vibrio aflatoxin and Vibrio chlorosis in the water and shrimp, significantly improving the control effect of Vibrio during the farming process, thereby enhancing the shrimp's resistance, increasing the shrimp's survival rate, and improving farming efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aquaculture technology, specifically to a method for factory-scale shrimp farming. Background Technology

[0002] Vibrio bacteria are widely present in aquaculture water and on shrimp bodies, with the majority being beneficial bacteria and a small portion being opportunistic pathogens. Factory farming methods, which pursue high density and high yields, involve large daily water exchanges, making it difficult to maintain a stable balance between bacteria and algae in the water. Under various stress conditions, this leads to dysbiosis in the shrimp's internal flora, inducing Vibrio outbreaks. Vibrio outbreaks can cause various diseases, such as glassy larvae, enteritis, and white feces. In particular, AHPND / EMS caused by highly pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus can lead to significant larval loss and severely damage the aquaculture process.

[0003] Currently, methods for controlling Vibrio in shrimp in factory farming include two aspects: water conditioning and oral administration via feed. Water conditioning involves regular disinfection and bacterial supplementation to maintain stable water quality indicators and algal balance, but it cannot control Vibrio within the shrimp. Oral administration of medications includes plant extracts, probiotics, Vibrio phagocytosors, and chemical disinfectants; however, the utilization rate of these medications is extremely poor, with large amounts dissolving into the water and resulting in waste. Therefore, there is currently no effective method for controlling Vibrio in factory shrimp farming. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problem of Vibrio control difficulties in the factory farming of shrimp in the prior art, and to provide a factory farming method for shrimp.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a method for factory-scale shrimp farming, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. Preparation for Aquaculture

[0007] Before stocking, the entire pond in the closed factory-style aquaculture workshop is sprinkled and soaked with bleaching powder, and then filtered aquaculture water is injected to adjust the water, replenish bacteria, and resist stress before stocking.

[0008] S2, Aquaculture Management

[0009] The breeding period, from stocking to adulthood, lasts three and a half months and is divided into three stages: intensive rearing (35,000 to 500 shrimp), seedling stage (500 to 100 shrimp), and adult shrimp stage (100 to 30 shrimp). Antibacterial agent combination 1 and antibacterial agent combination 2 are added to the breeding feed for the seedling stage and adult shrimp stage, respectively.

[0010] Preferably, the antibacterial agent combination 1 added to the seedling feed is a mixture of Bacillus metabolites and lysozyme, wherein the addition ratio of Bacillus metabolites and lysozyme is 0.05%-0.1%.

[0011] Preferably, the Bacillus metabolites include isocoumarins, cyclic lipopeptides, and soy isoflavones.

[0012] Preferably, the antibacterial agent combination 2 added to the adult shrimp farming feed is a mixture of organic acid and cinnamaldehyde, wherein the addition ratio of organic acid and cinnamaldehyde is 0.05%-0.1%.

[0013] Further optimization involves maintaining the water temperature at 27–28°C during the aquaculture period, changing 40% of the water daily, keeping the water level at 100cm, and discharging wastewater 12 times per day.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention establishes a scientific farming management model in the process of factory-scale shrimp farming. At the same time, it adds different combinations of antibacterial agents to the farming feed according to the growth characteristics of shrimp at different farming stages. This effectively inhibits the number of Vibrio aflatoxin and Vibrio chlorosis in the water and shrimp, significantly improves the control effect of Vibrio during the farming process, thereby enhancing the shrimp's resistance, increasing the shrimp's survival rate, protecting the shrimp's intestines, and improving farming efficiency. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0016] Example 1

[0017] The factory-style shrimp farming method is as follows:

[0018] S1. Preparation for Aquaculture

[0019] Before stocking, the entire pond in the closed factory-style aquaculture workshop is sprinkled and soaked with bleaching powder, and then filtered aquaculture water is injected to adjust the water, replenish bacteria, and resist stress before stocking.

[0020] S2, Aquaculture Management

[0021] The rearing period, from stocking to maturity, lasts three and a half months and is divided into three stages: intensive nursery (35,000-500 shrimp), larvae (500-100 shrimp), and adult shrimp (100-30 shrimp). Antibacterial agent combination 1 and combination 2 are added to the feed for the larvae and adult shrimp stages, respectively. Antibacterial agent combination 1 for the larvae stage is a mixture of Bacillus metabolites and lysozyme, with each component added at a ratio of 0.05%-0.1%. Bacillus metabolites include isocoumarins, cyclic lipopeptides, and soybean isoflavones. Antibacterial agent combination 2 for the adult shrimp stage is a mixture of organic acids and cinnamaldehyde, with each component added at a ratio of 0.05%-0.1%. The water temperature is maintained at 27-28℃, with a daily water exchange rate of 40%, a water level of 100cm, and 12 daily waste discharges.

[0022] Vibrio inhibition test

[0023] Following the farming methods described in this implementation, a control group and an experimental group were set up for factory-scale shrimp farming. No antibacterial agents were added to the control group during the farming process; the experimental group consisted of farming ponds 1-6, where different proportions of antibacterial agent combination 1 and antibacterial agent combination 2 were added to ponds 1-6 during the seedling and adult shrimp stages, respectively, as shown in Table 1.

[0024] Table 1. Different addition ratios of antibacterial agent combinations 1 and 2

[0025]

[0026] Both the control and experimental groups were stocked with P5 seedlings on February 16, 2023, and raised for 43 days. On April 1, the seedlings were separated into smaller groups of 510 each, with a density of 950 fish / square meter, and fed crushed feed. By April 23, the seedlings had grown to about 100 each, and were fed 1.0 pellet feed until the end of the rearing period.

[0027] Routine experimental procedures:

[0028] ① Detection of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite (spectrophotometric method)

[0029] ② Detection of Vibrio hepatopancreatic bacteria in water and shrimp (TCBS plate method, 50 μL water, 5 mg hepatopancreatic bacteria)

[0030] ③ Detection of Vibrio hepatopancreaticans and total bacterial count (PCR method, 100 mg)

[0031] ④ Regularly perform uniform weight sampling

[0032] ⑤ Observe the stool consistency.

[0033] ⑥ Observe the feeding speed

[0034] The experimental results are shown in Tables 2-9. Table 2 shows the number of Vibrio acrylonitrile plates in the water; Table 3 shows the number of Vibrio chlorophyll plates in the water; Table 4 shows the number of Vibrio acrylonitrile plates in the hepatopancreas of shrimp; Table 5 shows the number of Vibrio chlorophyll plates in the hepatopancreas of shrimp; Table 6 shows the total CT value of Vibrio chlorophyll in the hepatopancreas of shrimp throughout the experiment; Table 7 shows the total CT value of bacteria in the hepatopancreas of shrimp throughout the experiment; Table 8 shows the shrimp growth data (heads / catties) throughout the experiment; and Table 9 shows the shrimp farming benefit analysis.

[0035] Table 2 Number of Vibrio adenophorae plates in water bodies

[0036]

[0037] Table 3 Number of Vibrio aeruginosa plates in water

[0038]

[0039]

[0040] Table 4. Number of Vibrio agaricus plates in shrimp hepatopancreas

[0041]

[0042] Table 5. Number of Vibrio aeruginosa agar plates in shrimp hepatopancreas

[0043]

[0044] Based on the number of Vibrio bacteria in the water and the hepatopancreas of shrimp, according to the farming method in this embodiment, adding different proportions of antibacterial agent combination 1 and antibacterial agent combination 2 during the seedling and adult shrimp stages can effectively inhibit the number of Vibrio aflatoxinus and Vibrio chloropsis in the water and shrimp.

[0045] Table 6. CT values ​​of Vibrio hepatopancreatiformis in shrimp throughout the experiment.

[0046]

[0047]

[0048] Table 7. Total bacterial count (CT) values ​​of shrimp hepatopancreas throughout the experiment.

[0049]

[0050] The PCR data of Vibrio hepatopancreatoagulans from shrimp showed that although the differences between the groups were small, the CT values ​​of the experimental groups were higher than those of the control group. This fully demonstrates that adding different proportions of antibacterial agent combination 1 and antibacterial agent combination 2 to the shrimp feed during the seedling and adult stages respectively has a certain ability to inhibit total Vibrio.

[0051] PCR data of total bacteria in shrimp hepatopancreas showed no significant difference in CT values ​​between the experimental and control groups. Therefore, the antibacterial additive had little effect on total bacteria in the hepatopancreas, only showing a significant inhibitory effect on Vibrio.

[0052] Table 8. Shrimp growth data throughout the experiment (heads / catties)

[0053]

[0054]

[0055] Table 9 Benefit Analysis

[0056]

[0057] The data in Tables 8 and 9 show that, based on the size after pond separation, the initial size on April 1st was approximately 510 heads, and the final size was 30-33 heads. The growth rate of each experimental group was slightly better than the control group, and the yield per pond was significantly higher, as was the survival rate. From a profitability perspective, the experimental groups can effectively increase the profit per pond, increasing aquaculture revenue by more than 1000 yuan per pond.

[0058] This specification is intended to be illustrative rather than restrictive. Based on this invention, those skilled in the art can make substitutions and modifications to some of the technical features without creative effort, and all such modifications are within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A method for industrialized shrimp farming, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Preparation for Aquaculture Before stocking, the entire pond in the closed factory-style aquaculture workshop is sprinkled and soaked with bleaching powder, and then filtered aquaculture water is injected to adjust the water, replenish bacteria, and resist stress before stocking. S2, Aquaculture Management The rearing period, from stocking to adulthood, lasts three and a half months and is divided into three stages: intensive nursery stage (size 35,000 shrimp / catties to 500 shrimp / catties); shrimp seedling stage (size 500 shrimp / catties to 100 shrimp / catties); and adult shrimp stage (size 100 shrimp / catties to 30 shrimp / catties). Antibacterial agent combination 1 and antibacterial agent combination 2 are added to the feed for the shrimp seedling and adult shrimp stages, respectively. The antibacterial agent combination 1 added to the seedling stage feed is a mixture of Bacillus metabolites and lysozyme, with the addition ratio of Bacillus metabolites and lysozyme both being 0.05%-0.1%. The Bacillus metabolites include isocoumarins, cyclic lipopeptides, and soybean isoflavones. The antibacterial agent combination 2 added to the adult shrimp feed is a mixture of organic acids and cinnamaldehyde, with the addition ratio of organic acids and cinnamaldehyde both being 0.05%-0.1%.

2. The factory-scale shrimp farming method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water temperature during the breeding period is maintained at 27-28℃, the daily water exchange rate is 40%, the water level is 100cm, and sewage is discharged 12 times a day.

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