A frame, bogie, railway vehicle and a method of machining a frame

Abstract

The application provides a frame, a bogie, a railway vehicle and a processing method of the frame. The frame has simple production procedures and reliable connection. The frame comprises side beams and a cross beam. The side beams are integrally formed of fiber composite material. The cross beam comprises a cross beam body. The cross beam body comprises an integrally formed first beam body and an integrally formed second beam body made of fiber composite material. The two ends of the first beam body and the two ends of the second beam body are provided with clamping grooves. The first beam body and the second beam body are buckled to form the cross beam body. The clamping grooves of the first beam body and the corresponding clamping grooves of the second beam body are buckled to form an annular groove. The middle section of the side beam is clamped between the clamping grooves of the first beam body and the clamping grooves of the second beam body. The frame further comprises a connecting piece made of fiber composite material. The connecting piece fixes the side beams and the first beam body and the second beam body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rail vehicle technology, specifically to a frame, bogie, rail vehicle, and a method for manufacturing the frame. Background Technology

[0002] Carbon fiber has the advantage of being lightweight and is currently used as a material for manufacturing the bogie frame. The frame consists of two side beams and a crossbeam connecting the two side beams. The specific manufacturing process involves first molding the crossbeam and side beams separately, and then connecting them using metal fasteners. However, since the crossbeam and side beams are made of carbon fiber, corresponding metal seats are required to achieve the connection of the metal fasteners, making the production process complex and the connection risk relatively high. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide a frame, bogie, rail vehicle, and a method for manufacturing the frame, wherein the manufacturing process of the frame is simple and the connection is relatively reliable.

[0004] The frame provided in this application includes side beams and cross beams. The side beams are integral structures made of fiber composite materials. The cross beams include a cross beam body, which includes an integral first beam and an integral second beam made of fiber composite materials. Both ends of the first beam and the two ends of the second beam have slots. The first beam and the second beam are fastened together to form the cross beam body, and the slots of the first beam and the corresponding slots of the second beam are fastened together to form an annular groove. The middle section of the side beam is clamped between the slots of the first beam and the second beam. The frame also includes a connector made of fiber composite materials, which fixes the side beams, the first beam, and the second beam.

[0005] In one specific embodiment, both the first beam and the second beam include a plate beam body. Each end of the plate beam body is provided with a first upright plate and a second upright plate disposed opposite to each other. The first upright plate, the second upright plate, and the end of the beam body together form the slot.

[0006] In one specific embodiment, the first upright plate and the second upright plate are stitched to the beam body using fiber composite material.

[0007] In one specific embodiment, the crossbeam further includes a reinforcing rib, which is located between the first beam and the second beam, and the reinforcing rib connects the first beam and the second beam.

[0008] In one specific embodiment, the reinforcing rib includes a first horizontal rib, a second horizontal rib, and a vertical rib connected between the first horizontal rib and the second horizontal rib. The first horizontal rib is connected to the first beam body, and the second horizontal rib is connected to the second beam body.

[0009] In one specific embodiment, the first transverse rib and the second transverse rib are stitched together with the corresponding first beam and second beam via fiber composite material.

[0010] In one specific embodiment, the connector is stitched to the first beam and the second beam and then cured into a single unit by resin.

[0011] This application also provides a bogie comprising the frame described in any of the preceding claims.

[0012] This application also provides a rail vehicle including the bogie described above.

[0013] This application also provides a method for fabricating a framework based on any of the frameworks described above:

[0014] It is equipped with two side beams, a first beam, and a second beam;

[0015] The middle sections of the two side beams are inserted into the corresponding slots of the first beam and the second beam; the slots of the second beam and the first beam are simultaneously engaged to form an annular groove;

[0016] The first beam and the second beam are stitched to the side beam using a fiber composite material;

[0017] Resin is injected into the stitched first beam, second beam, and side beam and cured into a single unit.

[0018] In one specific embodiment, the step of inserting the middle sections of the two side beams into the corresponding slots of the first beam and the second beam is as follows:

[0019] The middle sections of the two side beams are respectively placed in the slots at the two ends of the first beam;

[0020] The second beam is fastened to the two side beams, so that the slots at both ends of the second beam also engage with the middle sections of the corresponding side beams.

[0021] In one specific embodiment, before curing, the reinforcing rib is sewn to the first beam and the second beam using a fiber composite material. During curing, resin is simultaneously injected into the position of the reinforcing rib, so that the reinforcing rib, the first beam, and the second beam are cured into one piece.

[0022] The crossbeam in this application is divided into a first beam and a second beam. After being engaged with the side beam by setting a slot, it is fixedly connected by a fiber composite material connector. Finally, it is cured into a whole by injecting resin. This connection is more reliable and does not require the setting of metal seats or other structures for metal fasteners to perform fastening operations. The production process is simple and the connection is more reliable.

[0023] The manufacturing methods for the bogies, rail vehicles, and frames described in this application have the same technical effects as the aforementioned frames. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture in the embodiments of this application;

[0025] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A structural diagram of the central frame from another perspective, showing only one side beam;

[0026] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Structural diagram of the side beams of the central frame;

[0027] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A structural diagram of the crossbeams of the central frame;

[0028] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the first beam in the middle;

[0029] Figure 6 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the assembly of the second beam and side beams of the central frame;

[0030] Figure 7 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram illustrating the process of medium-sized framework formation;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the stitching and fixing of the first beam, the second beam, and the side beam.

[0032] Figure 1-8 The annotations in the attached figures are explained as follows:

[0033] 100-framework;

[0034] 1-Side beam; 11-End section; 12-Middle section; 13-Transition section;

[0035] 2-Crossbeam;

[0036] 21-Crossbeam body; 211-First beam body; 212-Second beam body; 21a-First vertical plate; 21b-Second vertical plate; 21c-Slot; 21d-Plate beam body; 21e-Annular groove;

[0037] 22-Reinforcement rib; 221-First transverse rib; 222-Second transverse rib; 223-Vertical rib;

[0038] 3-Connector. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0040] Please refer to Figure 1 , 2 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of the central frame from another perspective, showing only one side beam 1.

[0041] The frame described in this application is the basic frame structure of a bogie in a rail vehicle, on which wheelsets, brakes, suspensions, etc., are mounted. In this embodiment, the frame includes side beams 1 and cross beams 2, specifically two side beams 1, which are arranged approximately parallel to each other and extend longitudinally, which is also the length direction of the rail vehicle. The cross beams 2 of the frame extend laterally, perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. One end of the cross beam 2 is connected to one side beam 1, and the other end of the cross beam 2 is connected to the other side beam 1, that is, this frame is an H-shaped frame.

[0042] Please continue to refer to this. Figure 3 understand, Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the side beam 1 of the central frame.

[0043] In this embodiment, the side beam 1 is an integral structure made of fiber composite material, specifically carbon fiber. Specifically, the side beam 1 can be a hollow cylindrical beam structure, meaning it has a closed cavity. The carbon fiber can be woven into a prefabricated body of the side beam 1 using a weaving device. Weaving is easy. Furthermore, the side beam 1 has a high requirement for fibers in the 0° axial direction, so unidirectional carbon fiber cloth in the 0° direction can be laid on top for reinforcement during weaving. That is, unidirectional carbon fiber cloth is added to the woven prefabricated body for axial reinforcement. After the prefabricated body is woven and reinforced, the manufactured side beam 1 can be placed on a special storage rack. A protective film can be covered on the surface of the side beam 1 for temporary protection, for subsequent assembly with the crossbeam 2 into a frame.

[0044] The middle position of side beam 1 generally corresponds to the installation position of the primary suspension spring, while the two ends of side beam 1 correspond to the installation positions of the secondary suspension springs. Specifically... Figure 2In this design, the side beam 1 includes a central section 12, a transition section 13, and two end sections 11. The central section 12 and the two end sections 11 extend horizontally. The height of the central section 12 is lower than that of the end sections 11 at both ends. The two ends of the central section 12 are connected to their respective end sections 11 via the inclined transition section 13. It can be seen that the structure of the side beam 1 is not limited to this; any longitudinally extending beam structure that accommodates the installation of primary and secondary springs and avoids obstacles near bogie components is acceptable. The side beam 1 is also not limited to a single, hollow beam structure; for example, a hollow central section 12 and a plate-like end section 11 are also feasible options.

[0045] Let's look again. Figure 4 , 5 , Figure 4 for Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of the crossbeam 2 of the central frame; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first beam 211.

[0046] In this embodiment, the crossbeam 2 includes a crossbeam body 21, which comprises an integral first beam 211 and an integral second beam 212 made of fiber composite material. The first beam 211 and the second beam 212 have the same structure. Similarly, the fiber composite material of the first beam 211 and the second beam 212 can also be carbon fiber. The first beam 211 and the second beam 212 are plate-like structures. Compared with the weaving process, the plate-like first beam 211 and the second beam 212 are easier to implement by laying unidirectional carbon fiber cloth and woven fabric. The carbon fiber cloth can be 0° unidirectional cloth, and the woven fabric can be 45° and 90°, interwoven with the carbon fiber cloth.

[0047] The first beam 211 and the second beam 212 have the same structure. The structure of the first beam 211 is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, both ends of the first beam 211 and both ends of the second beam 212 have slots 21c, as a specific example. Figure 5In the first beam 211, there is a plate beam body 21d, meaning the main body of the first beam 211 is a plate-like structure. The end of the plate beam body 21d has two opposing vertical plates, namely a first vertical plate 21a and a second vertical plate 21b. The first vertical plate 21a is located at the edge of the end of the plate beam body 21d and extends vertically downwards from the edge. Therefore, for the second beam 212, the first vertical plate 21a extends vertically upwards from the edge. The second vertical plate 21b is located inside the first vertical plate 21a, that is, near the middle of the plate beam body 21d. Thus, the first vertical plate 21a, the second vertical plate 21b, and the end of the plate beam body 21d will enclose and form a U-shaped groove 21c. The groove 21c of the first beam 211 faces downwards, while the groove 21c of the second beam 212 faces upwards. With this configuration, when the first beam 211 and the second beam 212 are engaged vertically, the slots 21c of the first beam 211 and the corresponding slots 21c of the second beam 212 are aligned, forming an annular groove 21e after engagement. That is, two annular grooves 21e are formed at the two ends of the crossbeam 2. Figure 2 An annular groove 21e is shown in the diagram.

[0048] In this embodiment, the first beam 211 and the second beam 212 are fastened together to form the crossbeam body 21 of the crossbeam 2. The middle section 12 of the side beam 1 is clamped between the end of the first beam 211 and the end of the second beam 212, that is, clamped by two mating slots 21c. After clamping, the middle section 12 of the side beam 1 is located in the annular groove 21e formed by the fastening of the two slots 21c. Then, the first beam 211, the second beam 212 and at least two of the side beam 1 are connected and cured into one piece by connectors 3 made of fiber composite material, so that the side beam 1 and the first beam 211 and the second beam 212 are reliably fixed into one piece.

[0049] The curing process described here can be a heat treatment process such as autoclaving or a real-time curing (RTM) process. The RTM process described in this embodiment involves placing a workpiece made of fiber composite material to be cured in the mold cavity of an outer mold. Low-viscosity resin is injected into the mold cavity under pressure, vacuum, or both. During the resin flow and filling process, the fiber composite material workpiece is impregnated and cured to obtain the desired component. Both autoclaving and RTM processes are mature existing technologies and will not be discussed further here.

[0050] In this embodiment, the first vertical plate 21a and the second vertical plate 21b forming the slot 21c can be sewn onto the beam body 21d using fiber composite materials, such as aramid thread. To facilitate sewing, a T-shaped plate can be provided, with the vertical portion of the T-shaped plate serving as either the first vertical plate 21a or the second vertical plate 21b, and the horizontal portion sewn onto the beam body 21d. This facilitates sewing and makes it more reliable. It is understood that the first beam body 211 or the second beam body 212 with the slot can also be formed directly through weaving or pasting processes, but the above-mentioned processing method for the beam body 21d and the sewn T-shaped vertical plate is simpler, and the sewn T-shaped vertical plate and the beam body 21d can be cured into one piece.

[0051] You can continue to refer to this. Figure 6 , 7 understand, Figure 6 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the assembly of the second beam and side beams of the central frame; Figure 7 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the process of medium-sized structure formation.

[0052] First, prepare two side beams 1, a first beam body 211 and a second beam body 212;

[0053] First, assemble the two side beams 1 and the second beam 212 located below. The second beam 212 is arranged with the slot facing upward. Specifically, insert the middle section 12 of one side beam 1 into the slot 21c at one end of the second beam 212, and insert the middle section 12 of the other side beam 1 into the slot 21c at the other end of the second beam 212. At this time, the lower half of the middle section 12 of the two side beams 1 in the height direction is inserted into the corresponding slot 21c of the second beam 212, while the upper half is exposed outside the slot 21c of the first beam 211.

[0054] Then, the slots 21c of the first beam 211 are installed on the two side beams 1 with the slot facing downwards. The slots 21c at one end of the first beam 211 are engaged with the upper half of the middle section 12 of one side beam 1, and the slots 21c at the other end of the first beam 211 are engaged with the upper half of the middle section 12 of the other side beam 1. At this time, the upper half of the middle section 12 of the two side beams 1 is engaged by the slots 21c of the first beam 211, and the lower half of the middle section 12 of the two side beams 1 is engaged by the slots 21c of the second beam 212. Thus, the middle section 12 of the two side beams 1 is wrapped by the first beam 211 and the second beam 212.

[0055] Finally, the first beam 211, the second beam 212 and the side beam 1 are connected and solidified into one piece by the connector 3 to form a frame.

[0056] During the assembly of the above-mentioned frame, the two side beams 1 are assembled sequentially with the second beam 212 located below and the first beam 211 located above. However, this is obviously not a restriction. The first beam 211 can be assembled first, or it can be assembled with the side beams 1 at the same time.

[0057] You can continue to refer to this. Figure 8 As described above, the first beam 211, the second beam 212, and the side beam 1 require further fixation after assembly. Figure 8 A schematic diagram showing the stitching and fixing of the first beam 211, the second beam 212, and the side beam 1. Figure 8 The diagram shows the cross-section of the side beam 1, as well as the portion of the crossbeam 2 that wraps around the upper and outer surfaces of the middle section 12 of the side beam 1.

[0058] As mentioned earlier, after the first beam 211, the second beam 212, and the side beam 1 are assembled, they are actually connected by a plug-in connection. At this time, the first beam 211, the second beam 212, and the side beam 1 are not fixed together. In this embodiment, the connector 3 can be a carbon fiber thread, which is used to sew the first beam 211, the second beam 212, and the side beam 1 together. The depth of the sew is the sum of the thicknesses of the crossbeam 2 and the side beam 1. As mentioned above, the side beam 1 is a hollow beam structure, and its thickness is the wall thickness at its midsection 12. The plate beam body 21d of the first beam 211 and the second beam 212 of the crossbeam 2 is a plate structure, and its thickness is the plate thickness of the plate beam body 21d. Figure 7 As shown, the stitched carbon fiber threads are stitched back and forth in the inside and outside directions to form a continuous suture.

[0059] Combination Figure 1 It is understood that the outer surfaces of the first vertical plate 21a and the middle section 12 of the side beam 1 of the first beam 211 and the second beam 212 are attached, the inner surfaces of the second vertical plate 21b and the middle section 12 of the side beam 1 are attached, the plate-beam body 21d between the first vertical plate 21a and the second vertical plate 21b of the first beam 211 is attached to the upper surface of the side beam 1, and the plate-beam body 21d between the first vertical plate 21a and the second vertical plate 21b of the second beam 212 is attached to the lower surface of the side beam 1. Specifically, during sewing, the parts of the first beam 211 and the side beam 1, and the parts of the second beam 212 and the side beam 1 that are attached can all be sewn together. Here, the second vertical plate 21b is in contact with the inner surface of the side beam 1, and the space is relatively small, so only the upper surface, lower surface, and outer surface of the side beam 1 and the crossbeam 2 need to be sewn together. It can be seen that during the sewing process, the carbon fiber thread, which serves as the connector 3, can sew together the part where the first beam 211 and the second beam 212 meet. The joint where the first beam 211 and the beam are fastened together can simultaneously sew the first beam 211, the second beam 212, and the side beam 1.

[0060] After stitching, the first beam 211, the second beam 212, and the side beam 1 can be cured to form a one-piece frame. Specifically, an outer mold can be used to seal the stitched crossbeam 2 and side beam 1, and then resin can be injected into the mold cavity. The resin can be high-temperature curing epoxy resin, with an injection pressure of, for example, 0.8 MPa and an injection temperature of, for example, 65°C. The epoxy resin fills the spaces between the stitched carbon fiber lines, crossbeam 2, and side beam 1. After the epoxy resin injection is completed, it is placed in a curing oven for high-temperature curing. After curing, it is demolded to form a one-piece frame.

[0061] As a more detailed plan, such as Figure 4 As shown, the crossbeam 2 in this embodiment also includes reinforcing ribs 22 to further improve the strength of the crossbeam 2. The reinforcing ribs 22 are located between the first beam body 211 and the second beam body 212, and the crossbeam 2 may include one or more longitudinally distributed reinforcing ribs 22. The reinforcing ribs 22 connect the first beam body 211 and the second beam body 212. Specifically, the reinforcing ribs 22 may be… Figure 4 The I-shaped reinforcement shown here includes a first horizontal reinforcement 221, a second horizontal reinforcement 222, and a vertical reinforcement 223 connecting the first horizontal reinforcement 221 and the second horizontal reinforcement 222. The first horizontal reinforcement 221 is connected to the first beam 211, and the second horizontal reinforcement 222 is connected to the second beam 212. The longitudinal dimensions of the first horizontal reinforcement 221 and the second horizontal reinforcement 222 can be approximately the same as the longitudinal dimensions of the beam 2.

[0062] The reinforcing rib 22 can also be connected to the first beam 211 and the second beam 212 by stitching, for example, by stitching it to the first beam 211 and the second beam 212 with aramid thread. After the first beam 211, the second beam 212 and the side beam 1 are assembled, the reinforcing rib 22 can be stitched to the first beam 211 and the second beam 212. Then, in the above-mentioned curing process, epoxy resin can be filled into the position of the reinforcing rib 22, so that after curing, the reinforcing rib 22 and the crossbeam body 21 are cured into one piece. During curing, the position where the T-shaped plate is stitched to the plate beam body 21d can also be filled with resin, so that it is also cured into one piece during the curing process. Here, the reinforcing rib 22 is set as an I-beam, so that the first crossbeam rib 221 and the second crossbeam rib 222 at both ends can be easily connected to the first beam 211 and the second beam 212, resulting in a reliable connection, better reinforcement effect, and easier implementation when using the stitching connection process.

[0063] In the above embodiment, the first beam 211 and the second beam 212 are stitched and fixed to the side beam 1 using fiber composite material connectors 3. It can be understood that the connectors 3 can also be fixed in other ways. For example, the fiber composite material connectors 3 can be wrapped transversely around the beam body 21, and then resin is injected for curing. The stitching method in this embodiment saves on the use of fiber composite material, and during stitching, the connection points between the connectors 3 and the first beam 211, the second beam 212, and the side beam 1 are relatively dense, resulting in a more reliable connection.

[0064] In summary, the crossbeam 2 in this embodiment is divided into a first beam body 211 and a second beam body 212. After engaging with the side beam 1, they are then fixedly connected by fiber composite material connectors 3 through stitching or wrapping. Finally, they are cured into one piece by resin injection. This connection is relatively reliable and does not require the setting of metal seats or other structures for metal fasteners to perform fastening operations. The production process is simple and the connection is relatively reliable.

[0065] This embodiment also provides a bogie and a rail vehicle. The bogie and rail vehicle include the above-described frame and therefore have the same technical effects as the above embodiments, which will not be described again.

[0066] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the embodiments above are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications to this application without departing from the principles of this application, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A framework, characterized by The frame comprises side beams and a cross beam, the side beams are integrally formed of fiber composite material, the cross beam comprises a cross beam body, the cross beam body comprises an integrally formed first beam body and an integrally formed second beam body made of fiber composite material, both ends of the first beam body and both ends of the second beam body are provided with clamping grooves, the first beam body and the second beam body are buckled to form the cross beam body, and the clamping grooves of the first beam body and the corresponding clamping grooves of the second beam body are buckled to form an annular groove, the middle sections of the side beams are clamped between the clamping grooves of the first beam body and the clamping grooves of the second beam body; further comprising a connector made of fiber composite material, the connector fixes the side beams and the first beam body, the second beam body; the connector stitches the first beam body, the second beam body to the side beams, and is integrated by resin curing.

2. The framework of claim 1, wherein, The first beam body and the second beam body each comprise a plate beam body, each end of the plate beam body is provided with oppositely arranged first and second vertical plates, the first and second vertical plates and the end of the plate beam body enclose the clamping grooves.

3. The framework of claim 2, wherein, The first and second vertical plates are stitched to the plate beam body by fiber composite material.

4. The framework of claim 1, wherein, The cross beam further comprises a reinforcing rib, the reinforcing rib is located between the first beam body and the second beam body, and the reinforcing rib connects the first beam body and the second beam body.

5. The framework of claim 4, wherein, The reinforcing rib comprises a first horizontal rib, a second horizontal rib, and a vertical rib connected between the first horizontal rib and the second horizontal rib, the first horizontal rib is connected to the first beam body, and the second horizontal rib is connected to the second beam body.

6. The framework of claim 5, wherein, The first and second horizontal ribs are stitched and connected by fiber composite material and the corresponding first and second beam bodies.

7. A bogie, characterized by The frame comprises the frame according to any one of claims 1-6.

8. A rail vehicle, characterized by The bogie comprises the frame according to claim 7.

9. A method for processing a framework based on the framework according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Two side beams, a first beam body, and a second beam body are prepared; The middle sections of the two side beams are clamped into the corresponding clamping grooves of the first beam body and the second beam body; the clamping grooves of the second beam body and the clamping grooves of the first beam body are simultaneously buckled to form an annular groove; The first beam body and the second beam body are stitched to the side beams by fiber composite material; Resin is injected into the stitched first beam body, second beam body, and side beams and is cured to be integrated.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the frame is a bicycle frame. The step of clamping the middle sections of the two side beams into the corresponding clamping grooves of the first beam body and the second beam body is specifically: The middle sections of the two side beams are respectively placed in the clamping grooves of the two ends of the first beam body; The second beam body is buckled to the two side beams, and the clamping grooves of the two ends of the second beam body are also clamped to the middle sections of the corresponding side beams.

11. The method of processing a framework according to claim 9 or 10, wherein, Before curing, the reinforcing rib is stitched by fiber composite material between the first beam body and the second beam body, and when curing, resin is simultaneously injected into the position of the reinforcing rib, so that the reinforcing rib and the first beam body and the second beam body are cured to be integrated.

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