A cutting tool test bench

Abstract

The application discloses a cutting tool test bed, and belongs to the technical field of mining equipment testing, which comprises a rock mass loading unit, a tool mounting unit and a multidirectional moving unit. The rock mass loading unit comprises a loading container for loading test blocks, and the top of the loading container is provided with a loading cutting port. The tool mounting unit comprises a tool mounting seat for suspending and mounting the cutting tool, and the tool mounting seat is located above the loading cutting port. The multidirectional moving unit comprises a vertical driving mechanism, a longitudinal driving mechanism and a transverse driving mechanism for driving the relative movement of the loading container and the tool mounting seat in the vertical direction, the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction. The cutting tool comprises a rotating cutter body, and the rotation axis of the rotating cutter body is arranged along the horizontal transverse direction. By driving the relative movement between the cutting block and the cutting tool body, the real cutting working condition can be better simulated, the cutting performance and safety performance of the cutting tool can be effectively researched, and support can be provided for the optimization and performance improvement of the cutting equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of testing technology for mining equipment, and in particular to a cutting tool test bench. Background Technology

[0002] With the deepening of underground coal mining in my country, the proportion of all-rock tunnels has increased dramatically, placing higher demands on the rock-breaking performance of mining equipment. Currently, the cutting tools used for long-distance, high-depth hard rock tunnels and all-rock tunnel excavation are mainly hobbing cutters and cutting teeth. Their performance and the rationality of related parameter matching directly affect rock-breaking efficiency and safety. Among related technologies, there are many performance testing methods for cutting tools in mining equipment; however, the types and varieties of equipment used for testing are currently quite complex, and the testing process cannot accurately simulate real working conditions, which is detrimental to the optimized design and performance improvement of hard rock cutting equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to solve the above-mentioned technical problems and provide a cutting tool test bench. This cutting tool test bench can control the relative lateral, longitudinal and vertical movement between the cutting test block and the cutting tool body, and can better simulate the real cutting working conditions. It can effectively study the cutting performance and safety performance of the cutting tool, and provide experimental and data support for the optimized design and performance improvement of cutting equipment.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention discloses a cutting tool test bench, including a rock mass loading unit, a tool mounting unit, and a multi-directional moving unit;

[0005] The rock mass loading unit includes a loading container for loading test blocks, and the top of the loading container is provided with a loading cut opening for exposing the top surface of the test blocks inside the loading container;

[0006] The tool mounting unit includes a tool mounting seat for suspending the cutting tool, the tool mounting seat being located above the filling cutting opening;

[0007] The multi-directional movement unit includes a vertical drive mechanism, a longitudinal drive mechanism, and a transverse drive mechanism for respectively driving the loading container and the tool mounting base to move relative to each other in the vertical direction, the horizontal longitudinal direction, and the horizontal transverse direction.

[0008] The cutting tool includes a rotating blade body capable of rotation, the axis of rotation of which is arranged horizontally.

[0009] Preferably, the longitudinal drive mechanism includes a support base, on which a longitudinal slide rail and a longitudinal moving device are provided. The loading container is slidably connected to the longitudinal slide rail. The longitudinal moving device includes a longitudinal positioning part installed on the support base and a longitudinal movable part that can move along the extension direction of the longitudinal slide rail. The longitudinal movable part is connected to the loading container.

[0010] Preferably, the lateral drive mechanism includes a lifting platform driven by the longitudinal drive mechanism. The bottom of the lifting platform is provided with a lateral slide rail and a lateral moving device. The tool mounting seat is slidably connected to the lateral slide rail. The lateral moving device includes a lateral positioning part installed on the lifting platform and a lateral movable part that can move along the extension direction of the lateral slide rail. The lateral movable part is connected to the loading container.

[0011] Preferably, the vertical drive mechanism includes a lifting device and a support column disposed on the support base. A bearing platform located above the tool mounting seat is fixedly connected to the support column. The lifting device includes a lifting positioning part installed on the bearing platform and a lifting movable part that can move up and down. The lifting movable part is connected to the lifting platform.

[0012] Preferably, the lifting platform is slidably connected to at least a portion of the supporting columns.

[0013] Preferably, the loading container includes a specimen box and a working platform slidably connected to the longitudinal slide rail, wherein the specimen box is mounted on the working platform.

[0014] Preferably, the specimen box includes several annular box sections stacked sequentially from top to bottom, with adjacent annular box sections detachably connected, and each annular box section having a lifting component on its outer periphery.

[0015] Preferably, the cutting tool includes a tool mounting bracket, which is detachably connected to the tool mounting base. The rotating blade body is rotatably connected to the tool mounting bracket via a tool shaft. The tool mounting bracket is provided with a rotating shaft, which is coaxially connected to the tool shaft.

[0016] Preferably, the system includes an information acquisition unit, which comprises a lateral displacement sensor, a longitudinal displacement sensor, a vertical displacement sensor, a lateral load sensor, a longitudinal load sensor, a vertical load sensor, a torque sensor, and a speed sensor. The lateral displacement sensor includes a lateral fixed part and a lateral moving part; the lateral fixed part is fixedly connected to the lifting platform, and the lateral moving part is fixedly connected to the tool mounting base. The longitudinal displacement sensor includes a longitudinal fixed part and a longitudinal moving part; the longitudinal fixed part is fixedly connected to the support base, and the longitudinal moving part is fixedly connected to the work platform. The vertical displacement sensor includes a vertical fixed part and a vertical moving part; the vertical fixed part is fixedly connected to the lifting positioning part, and the vertical moving part is fixedly connected to the lifting movable part. The lateral load sensor is located between the lateral moving part and the tool mounting base. The longitudinal load sensor is located between the longitudinal moving part and the work platform. The vertical load sensor is installed between the lifting movable part and the lifting platform. The torque sensor is located between the tool shaft and the rotating shaft, and the speed sensor is located on the tool shaft.

[0017] Preferably, a spherical self-aligning component is provided between the vertical load sensor and the lifting platform.

[0018] The present invention achieves the following technical effects compared to the prior art:

[0019] 1. The cutting tool test bench of the present invention moves the tool mounting base and the loading container through multiple loading drives during use, which enables the cutting tool and the cutting test block to move relatively laterally, vertically and longitudinally, thereby simulating the cutting process. The simulation process can better match the real working conditions, thus ensuring the effectiveness of the test.

[0020] 2. The cutting tool test bench of the present invention can effectively study the cutting performance and safety performance of cutting tools. The overall structure of the cutting tool test bench is simple and the simulation method is not complicated, which is conducive to its promotion. Furthermore, by replacing different types of cutting tools on the tool mounting base, the performance of different types of tools, such as roller cutting tools and hobbing cutting tools, can be tested. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1A three-dimensional structural diagram of the cutting tool test bench;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cutting tool test bench.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a front view of the cutting tool test bench;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a top view of the cutting tool test bench;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical drive mechanism and the horizontal drive mechanism;

[0027] Figure 6 A bottom-view three-dimensional structural diagram of the transverse drive mechanism and the cutting tool;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a top view of the lifting platform;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the longitudinal drive mechanism;

[0030] Figure 9 Left view of the longitudinal drive mechanism;

[0031] Figure 10 A bottom view of the lateral drive mechanism;

[0032] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical drive mechanism;

[0033] Figure 12 Rear view of the longitudinal drive mechanism;

[0034] Figure 13 This is the right view of the specimen box;

[0035] Figure 14 This is a top view of the specimen box;

[0036] Figure 15 This is a rear view of the cutting tool;

[0037] Figure 16 This is the left view of the cutting tool;

[0038] Figure 17 This is a right view of a drum-type cutting tool;

[0039] Figure 18 This is a right view of a hobbing cutter.

[0040] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0041] 100. Cutting tool test bench; 200. Cutting tool;

[0042] 1. Support base; 2. Bearing platform; 3. Support column; 4. Lifting platform; 5. Vertical drive mechanism; 6. Longitudinal drive mechanism; 7. Working platform; 8. Lateral drive mechanism; 9. Tool mounting seat; 10. Specimen box; 11. Support frame; 12. Longitudinal slide rail; 13. Reinforcing plate; 14. Anchor bolts;

[0043] 21. Hanging lugs;

[0044] 31. Vertical slide rail;

[0045] 41. First mating part; 42. Second mating part; 43. Assembly slot;

[0046] 51. Vertical load sensor; 52. Spherical self-aligning component;

[0047] 71. Vertical slider; 72. Obstruction component;

[0048] 81. Lateral motor; 82. Lateral lead screw; 83. Lateral slide rail; 84. Lateral displacement sensor;

[0049] 101. Annular box section; 102. Lifting components;

[0050] 201. First tool post; 202. Rotating mechanism; 203. Second tool post; 204. Rotating tool body; 205. First coupling; 206. Second coupling; 207. Torque sensor; 208. Transition plate. Detailed Implementation

[0051] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only one embodiment of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] This embodiment provides a cutting tool test bench, such as Figures 1 to 18 As shown, it includes a rock mass loading unit, a cutter mounting unit, and a multi-directional movement unit;

[0054] The rock mass loading unit includes a loading container with a loading cutout at the top. Test blocks can be filled into the loading container through the loading cutout, and the top surface of the test blocks is exposed so that the cutting tool 200 can cut them subsequently. The test blocks are selected based on the simulated working conditions, using blocks with similar or equivalent rock mass properties, such as rock blocks or coal blocks. The loading container can be an open box, basket, or cylinder, etc.

[0055] The tool mounting unit includes a tool mounting seat 9, which is located above the filling cut-out of the loading container. The tool mounting seat 9 is used to mount the cutting tool 200. After the cutting tool 200 is mounted on the tool mounting seat 9, it will be suspended above the filling cut-out.

[0056] The multi-directional movement unit includes a vertical drive mechanism 5, a longitudinal drive mechanism 6, and a transverse drive mechanism 8. The vertical drive mechanism 5 is used to drive the loading container and the tool mounting base 9 to move relative to the vertical direction (see reference). Figure 1 (Up and down direction), the longitudinal drive mechanism 6 is used to drive the loading container and the tool mount 9 to move relative to the horizontal longitudinal direction (see reference). Figure 1 (Front-back direction), the lateral drive mechanism 8 is used to drive the loading container and the tool mount 9 to move laterally relative to the horizontal (see reference). Figure 1 (Center, left and right directions).

[0057] The cutting tool 200 includes a rotating cutter body 204 capable of rotation, the axis of rotation of the rotating cutter body 204 moving horizontally (see reference). Figure 1 (In the left-right direction), allowing the rotating cutter body 204 to rotate in the front-back direction. By attaching and detaching cutting tools 200 with different types of rotating cutter bodies 204 onto the tool mounting base 9, the cutting performance and safety performance of different types of rotating cutter bodies 204 can be measured. For example, a drum-type cutting tool, such as... Figure 17 When testing, roller-type cutting tools need to rotate actively, therefore an additional rotating mechanism is required to drive the roller-type cutting tool to rotate. As for hobbing cutting tools, such as... Figure 18 During the test, the rotation is passive. That is, when the test block and the roller cutter move longitudinally relative to each other, the individual rollers are driven to rotate by friction to form the roller cutter cutting.

[0058] Working principle:

[0059] The test block is loaded into the loading container through the loading and cutting port. According to the pre-planned cutting path on the test block, the vertical drive mechanism 5, longitudinal drive mechanism 6 and transverse drive mechanism 8 are used to adjust the position between the cutter mounting base 9 and the loading container so that the rotating cutter body 204 is located at the starting point of the cutting path on the test block. The vertical drive mechanism 5, longitudinal drive mechanism 6 and transverse drive mechanism 8 work together to cut the test block according to the preset cutting path, thereby obtaining the cutting performance and safety performance of the rotating cutter body 204.

[0060] Cutting performance refers to the optimal cutting parameters for a certain rotary cutter body 204 to achieve the best rock-breaking effect, maximizing rock breaking within its optimal service life. The size and price of the cut coal are also relevant; larger coal pieces tend to fetch higher prices. The correlation between these parameters and cutting performance needs further investigation. Additionally, the wear resistance of the rotary cutter body 204 can be measured. For example, using cutting teeth of different materials and the same shape, under the same cutting conditions, it can be determined which cutting tooth has better or worse wear resistance.

[0061] Safety performance is important because the rotating cutter body 204 generates sparks and heat when breaking rocks. Since the rotating cutter body 204 is used for cutting coal and breaking rocks in underground coal mines, excessive instantaneous sparks or heat can easily cause gas explosions and other hazards. In addition, dust and noise are generated when cutting coal. The amount of dust and noise varies with different cutting parameters. The relationship between these and the cutting parameters can be further studied through the cutting tool test bench 100.

[0062] In this embodiment, as Figures 1 to 18 As shown, the longitudinal drive mechanism includes a support base 1, on which a longitudinal slide rail 12 and a longitudinal moving device are provided. The longitudinal slide rail 12 moves along... Figure 1 The container extends in the front-to-back direction. The support base 1 can be placed on the foundation, but for stability, it is preferably fixed to the foundation using anchor bolts 14. The loading container is slidably connected to the longitudinal slide rail 12. Specifically, a longitudinal slider 71 can be installed at the bottom of the loading container, and the longitudinal slider 71 is slidably connected to the longitudinal slide rail 12, allowing the loading container to move along the extension direction of the longitudinal slide rail 12. Figure 12 As shown, two longitudinal sliders 71 can be provided, and the two longitudinal sliders 71 can be arranged at intervals in the left-right direction. Each longitudinal slider 71 can slide and engage with the corresponding longitudinal slider 71. Of course, more than two longitudinal sliders 71 can also be provided. Preferably, the support base 1 is provided with two support frames 11. The two support frames 11 extend along the longitudinal direction (front-back direction) of the support base 1 and are arranged at intervals along the transverse direction (left-right direction) of the support base 1. Each support frame 11 can be provided with a longitudinal slide rail 12 at its top, and the longitudinal slide rail 12 can be fixed to the support frame 11 by bolts. The longitudinal moving device includes a longitudinal positioning part and a longitudinal moving part. The longitudinal positioning part is installed on the support base 1, and the longitudinal moving part can move along the extension direction of the longitudinal slide rail 12, that is... Figure 1The longitudinal moving part moves forward and backward, and is connected to the loading container, thereby driving the loading container to move forward and backward, achieving relative forward and backward movement with the rotating blade 204. Preferably, the longitudinal moving device can be a telescopic cylinder-type moving mechanism, such as a hydraulic telescopic cylinder, a pneumatic telescopic cylinder, or an electric telescopic cylinder. The cylinder body (longitudinal positioning part) of the telescopic cylinder is fixedly mounted on the support base 1, and the piston rod (longitudinal moving part) of the telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected to the loading container. The axis of the piston rod is parallel to the extension direction of the longitudinal slide rail 12, so that the extension and retraction of the piston rod can drive the loading container to move on the longitudinal slide rail 12. The longitudinal moving device can also be a ball screw moving mechanism. Specifically, the ball screw (longitudinal positioning part) is rotatably connected to the support base 1, and the nut (longitudinal moving part) is rotatably connected to the loading container through a bearing. The motor shaft of the motor is connected to the ball screw, driving the ball screw to rotate, and the nut drives the loading container to move along the longitudinal slide rail 12.

[0063] Furthermore, in this embodiment, as Figures 1 to 18 As shown, the lateral drive mechanism includes a lifting platform 4, which is raised and lowered via a longitudinal drive mechanism. The bottom of the lifting platform 4 is equipped with a lateral slide rail 83 and a lateral moving device. The lateral slide rail 83 extends in the following direction: Figure 1 The tool mounting base 9 is slidably connected to the transverse slide rail 83. Specifically, a transverse slider can be installed on the top of the tool mounting base 9, and the transverse slider is slidably connected to the transverse slide rail 83. The transverse moving device includes a transverse positioning part and a transverse moving part. The transverse positioning part is installed at the bottom of the lifting platform 4, and the transverse moving part can move along the extension direction of the transverse slide rail 83. Figure 1 The lateral moving part is fixedly connected to the tool mounting seat 9, thereby driving the tool mounting seat 9 to move left and right, realizing the left and right movement of the rotating tool body 204. Preferably, the lateral moving device can be a telescopic cylinder type moving mechanism, such as a hydraulic telescopic cylinder, a pneumatic telescopic cylinder, or an electric telescopic cylinder. The cylinder body (lateral positioning part) of the telescopic cylinder is fixedly installed on the lifting platform 4, and the piston rod (lateral moving part) of the telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected to the tool mounting seat 9. The axis of the piston rod is parallel to the extension direction of the lateral slide rail 83. Thus, the extension and retraction of the piston rod can drive the tool mounting seat 9 to move on the lateral slide rail 83. The lateral moving device can also be a ball screw moving mechanism. Specifically, the lateral screw 82 (lateral positioning part) is rotatably connected to the lifting platform 4, and the nut (lateral moving part) is rotatably connected to the tool mounting seat 9 through a bearing. The lateral motor 81 or the motor shaft of a motor is connected to the lateral screw 82, driving the lateral screw 82 to rotate. The nut drives the tool mounting seat 9 to move along the lateral slide rail 83. The lateral motor 81 can be a hydraulic motor.

[0064] Furthermore, in this embodiment, as Figures 1 to 18As shown, the vertical drive mechanism 5 includes a lifting device and a support column 3, with the support column 3 mounted on the support base 1. A support platform 2 is fixedly connected to the support column 3, and the support platform 2 is located above the tool mounting seat 9. The lifting device includes a lifting positioning part and a lifting movable part. The lifting positioning part is mounted on the support platform 2, and the lifting movable part can move up and down. The lifting movable part is connected to the lifting platform 4. Preferably, the lifting device can be a telescopic cylinder type lifting mechanism, such as a hydraulic telescopic cylinder, a pneumatic telescopic cylinder, or an electric telescopic cylinder. The cylinder body (lifting positioning part) of the telescopic cylinder is fixedly mounted on the support platform 2, and the piston rod (lifting movable part) of the telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected to the lifting platform 4. The axis of the piston rod is parallel to the axis of the support column 3. Thus, the extension and retraction of the piston rod can drive the lifting platform 4 to move up and down, thereby driving the tool mounting seat 9 to move up and down, ultimately realizing the lifting and lowering of the rotating tool body 204.

[0065] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the lifting platform 4 may be provided with multiple lifting lugs 21 (lifting screws). Through the multiple lifting lugs 21, the lifting movable part can be connected to the lifting lugs 21 through the connecting component, which facilitates the lifting of the lifting platform 4. Of course, it is also possible not to provide lifting lugs 21 and directly connect the lifting movable part to the lifting platform 4.

[0066] In this embodiment, as Figures 1 to 18As shown, if the lifting device, lateral movement device, and longitudinal movement device use hydraulic telescopic cylinders or ball screws driven by hydraulic motors, the cutting tool test bench 100 needs to be equipped with a hydraulic system. The hydraulic system includes multiple pump units, each connected to the hydraulic telescopic cylinders of the lifting device, lateral movement device, and longitudinal movement device, and used to independently drive the vertical drive mechanism 5, lateral drive mechanism 8, and longitudinal drive mechanism 6. Preferably, the hydraulic system adopts a combined hydraulic station with a separate pump and separate oil supply mode. Each oil pump motor unit (pump unit) can be independently controlled, allowing for flexible selection of one or more pump units to operate according to the test items, saving energy and reducing system heat generation while meeting test requirements. The hydraulic system can also be equipped with pressure sensors, temperature sensors, level gauges, and alarm devices. Furthermore, the hydraulic system can be configured with a filter device, ensuring the cleanliness of the hydraulic oil and the long-term stable operation of the servo system. The hydraulic system can also be equipped with a self-depressurization function; for example, a pressure relief valve can be installed on the corresponding hydraulic pipeline. Taking the vertical drive mechanism 5 as an example, during the test, due to the shape of the cutting teeth of the cutting tool 200 and the discontinuous arrangement on the roller (hob), the cutting tool 200 and the cylinder will be impacted. When the impact load exceeds the set maximum normal pressure, the vertical cylinder of the lifting device will automatically depressurize for protection, thereby protecting the rotating cutter body 204 from abnormal damage. The hydraulic telescopic cylinder of the longitudinal drive mechanism 6 is equipped with a first servo valve group and a second servo valve group. The feed flow rate of the first servo valve group is less than that of the second servo valve group. The first servo valve group is used to realize the small-process drive of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder of the longitudinal drive mechanism 6, and the second servo valve group is used to realize the large-process drive of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder of the longitudinal drive mechanism 6.

[0067] In this embodiment, as Figures 1 to 18As shown, the system includes multiple support columns 3, which are mounted on a support base 1 and form a working space along the support base 1. A lifting platform 4 is located within the working space, and the lifting platform 4 is slidably connected to at least some of the support columns 3. Preferably, the lifting platform 4 is slidably connected to all the support columns 3. Specifically, the lifting platform 4 is provided with multiple assembly slots 43, which are arranged around the perimeter of the lifting platform 4, and the multiple support columns 3 are fitted one-to-one into the multiple assembly slots 43. Each support column 3 is equipped with a vertical slide rail 31, which extends along the support column 3. Each assembly slot 43 is equipped with a first mating part 41 and a second mating part 42. The first mating part 41 engages with one side of the vertical guide rail via a roller or slider, and the second mating part 42 engages with the other side of the vertical guide rail via rolling or sliding. The rolling engagement is like a rolling guide rail block (similar to a roller). Thus, the first mating part 41 and the second mating part 42 can respectively achieve rolling engagement with the vertical slide rail 31. On the one hand, this facilitates the up and down sliding adjustment of the lifting platform 4, and on the other hand, it can enhance the limiting and constraint effect, prevent the lifting platform 4 from rotating in the working space, and improve the stability of movement. Preferably, there are four support columns 3, forming a rectangular working space. The lifting platform 4 is a rectangular plate, with four assembly slots 43 at its four corners. The vertical slide rails 31 on the support columns 3 can have a triangular or rectangular cross-section. The assembly slots 43 can be rectangular slots, each including two vertically arranged slot walls. The first mating part 41 can be installed on one slot wall, and the second mating part 42 can be installed on the other slot wall. The support columns 3 can be fixed to the support base 1 by welding, bolting, or other connection methods. The bearing platform 2 can be a rectangular plate, and can be fixed to the top of the multiple support columns 3 by welding, bolting, or other fixing methods.

[0068] Furthermore, in this embodiment, as Figures 1 to 18 As shown, the support base 1 is provided with multiple reinforcing plates 13. These reinforcing plates 13 are positioned one-to-one within the angle formed by the multiple supporting columns 3 and the support base 1; that is, one vertical edge of each reinforcing plate 13 is connected to a supporting column 3, and the bottom edge of each reinforcing plate 13 extends longitudinally along the support base 1. Thus, the reinforcing plates 13 can support the supporting columns 3 in the front-back direction, ensuring high structural strength of the supporting columns 3 in the front-back direction and meeting the adjustment requirements of the longitudinal drive mechanism 6. The reinforcing plates 13 are provided with multiple weight-reduction holes, which can be arranged through topology optimization design, thereby ensuring the structural strength of the reinforcing plates 13 while saving materials and reducing costs.

[0069] In this embodiment, as Figures 1 to 18As shown, the loading container includes a specimen box 10 and a working platform 7. The working platform 7 is slidably connected to a longitudinal slide rail 12, and the specimen box 10 is mounted on the working platform 7. The specimen box 10 can be detachably mounted on the working platform 7 using fasteners such as screws. The longitudinal movable part of the longitudinal drive mechanism 6 (such as the nut of a ball screw or the piston rod of a telescopic cylinder) is connected and fixed to the working platform 7. The longitudinal movable part is fitted between two support frames 11, thereby providing a protective effect. Preferably, the specimen box 10 is a rectangular box.

[0070] In this embodiment, as Figures 1 to 18 As shown, a shielding member 72 can be connected between the working platform 7 and the support base 1. The shielding member 72 is retractable, so that it can be extended and pulled out when the working platform 7 moves to provide shielding protection. Specifically, the shielding member 72 may include a stainless steel protective cover located above the longitudinal drive mechanism 6 and protective baffles located on the left and right sides of the working platform 7. When the working platform 7 moves under the action of the longitudinal drive mechanism 6, the stainless steel protective cover and protective baffles can be extended and retracted with the back and forth movement of the working platform 7, so that they can always provide protection. Preferably, the shielding member 72 may also include a top plate, which can be fixed to the outermost side of the support base 1 by screws or the like, so that it can cooperate with the stainless steel protective cover and protective baffles to form an integral protection, avoiding the longitudinal drive mechanism 6 from being disturbed by debris and sewage generated during the cutting process.

[0071] Furthermore, in this embodiment, as Figures 1 to 18 As shown, the specimen box 10 comprises several annular box sections 101 stacked sequentially from top to bottom to form the specimen box 10. Two adjacent annular box sections 101 are detachably connected so that the height of the specimen box 10 can be adjusted to match the height of the test specimen. Each annular box section 101 has a lifting member 102 on its outer periphery for lifting the annular box section 101. Therefore, during the test, the height of the specimen box 10 can be adjusted to match the height of the test specimen; that is, as the height of the test specimen decreases, the upper annular box sections 101 can be disassembled sequentially. Preferably, each annular box section 101 may have a tongue-and-groove structure, which allows for the interlocking of two adjacent annular box sections 101, thereby enhancing the stability and strength of the structure.

[0072] In this embodiment, as Figures 1 to 18As shown, the cutting tool 200 includes a tool mounting bracket, which is detachably connected to the tool mounting base 9. The rotating tool body 204 is rotatably connected to the tool mounting bracket via a tool shaft. The tool mounting bracket has a rotating shaft, which is coaxially connected to the tool shaft. Specifically, the cutting tool 200 is divided into roller type and hobbing type. The hobbing type is passively rotated, so the rotating shaft does not require additional rotating equipment; that is, the rotating shaft is a passive rotating shaft. The roller type requires active rotation, therefore, a rotating mechanism 202 is provided on the tool mounting bracket. The rotating mechanism 202 includes an actively rotating shaft, which is coaxially connected to the tool shaft. Specifically, the tool mounting bracket includes a first tool holder 201 and a second tool holder 203. The first tool holder 201 is detachably mounted below the tool mounting base 9, and the rotating mechanism 202 and the second tool holder 203 are mounted on the first tool holder 201. The rotating tool body 204 is assembled inside the second tool holder 203. Preferably, the rotating mechanism 202 includes a roller motor, the outer side of which can be connected to a hydraulic system via a mounting pipe joint and flange. The upper part of the first tool holder 201 can be connected to the transition plate 208 and the tool mounting seat 9 in sequence by bolts, and one side of the first tool holder 201 can be connected and fixed to the roller motor by bolts.

[0073] In this embodiment, as Figures 1 to 18 As shown, the cutting tool test bench 100 also includes an information acquisition unit, which comprises a transverse displacement sensor 84, a longitudinal displacement sensor, a vertical displacement sensor, a transverse load sensor, a longitudinal load sensor, a vertical load sensor 51, a torque sensor 207, and a speed sensor. Through the sensors in each detection module, signal acquisition, amplification, A / D conversion, and data processing can be achieved, thereby enabling real-time display of the changes in various parameters of the cutting tool test bench 100. Among them:

[0074] The lateral displacement sensor 84 includes a lateral fixed part and a lateral moving part. The lateral fixed part is fixedly connected to the lifting platform 4, and the lateral moving part is fixedly connected to the tool mounting seat 9. When the tool mounting seat 9 moves, the relative position of the fixed part and the moving part changes. This position change allows for monitoring of the moving position of the tool mounting seat 9, thereby enabling position adjustment control of the cutting tool 200 on the tool mounting seat 9. Specifically, the lateral displacement sensor 84 can be a Hall effect displacement sensor, a photoelectric displacement sensor, etc.

[0075] The longitudinal displacement sensor includes a longitudinal fixed part and a longitudinal moving part. The longitudinal fixed part is fixedly connected to the support base 1, and the longitudinal moving part is fixedly connected to the working platform 7.

[0076] The vertical displacement sensor includes a vertical fixed part and a vertical moving part. The vertical fixed part is fixedly connected to the lifting and positioning part, and the vertical moving part is fixedly connected to the lifting and moving part.

[0077] The lateral load sensor is located between the lateral moving part and the tool mounting base 9, which are fixedly connected. Specifically, the lateral load sensor is set between the lateral moving part of the lateral drive mechanism 8 and the tool mounting base 9, using two 200kN load sensors. If the lateral drive mechanism 8 uses a lateral hydraulic telescopic cylinder, the lateral load sensor is located between the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder and the tool mounting base 9.

[0078] The longitudinal load sensor is located between the longitudinal moving part and the working platform 7, and is a 400kN load sensor. If the longitudinal drive mechanism 6 uses a longitudinal hydraulic telescopic cylinder, the longitudinal load sensor is located between the piston rod of the longitudinal hydraulic telescopic cylinder and the working platform 7.

[0079] A vertical load sensor 51 is installed between the lifting movable part and the lifting platform 4. The vertical load sensor 51 can monitor the magnitude of the driving force applied by the vertical drive mechanism 5. Preferably, the vertical load sensor 51 is a 1000kN load sensor. If the vertical drive mechanism is a lifting hydraulic cylinder, the vertical load sensor 51 is located between the piston rod of the lifting hydraulic cylinder and the lifting platform 4.

[0080] The torque sensor 207 is disposed between the cutter shaft and the rotating shaft of the rotating mechanism 202. Specifically, the rotating shaft is connected to the internal spline of the first coupling 205 via a spline shaft for torque transmission. The first coupling 205 is a spline-double flat key coupling. The torque sensor 207 is connected to the flat key side of the first coupling 205. The torque sensor 207 is fixed in the sensor bracket by bolts. The sensor bracket can be connected to the transition plate 208 and the tool mounting seat 9 in sequence by bolts. The other end of the torque sensor 207 is connected to the second coupling 206. The second coupling 206 can be a double flat key coupling. The other end of the second coupling 206 is connected to the cutter shaft of the rotating cutter body 204.

[0081] The speed sensor is mounted on the cutter shaft. A single-row tapered roller bearing and an end cap can be installed on the second tool post 203. The cutter shaft of the rotating tool body 204 can be rotatably assembled inside the single-row tapered roller bearing and the end cap, wherein the outer end cap can be fixed with a plug.

[0082] In summary, the cutting depth of the cutting tool 200 is controlled by the vertical drive mechanism 5 and the vertical displacement sensor, while the radial load of the rotary cutting device is controlled by the vertical load sensor 51. The cutting tool 200 is driven to move laterally in a linear fashion by the transverse drive mechanism 8 and the transverse displacement sensor 84, the cutting width of the cutting tool 200 is controlled by the encoder of the servo motor, and the axial load of the cutting tool 200 is measured by the transverse load sensor. The specimen box 10 is pushed to move longitudinally along the longitudinal guide rail 12 by the longitudinal drive mechanism 6 and the longitudinal displacement sensor, and the tangential load of the roller cutting teeth in the cutting tool 200 is detected by the longitudinal load sensor. The rotational speed and torque of the roller-type cutting tool 200 are controlled by the torque sensor 207 and the speed sensor of the rotary cutting device.

[0083] In this embodiment, as Figures 1 to 18 As shown, a spherical self-aligning component 52 is provided between the vertical load sensor 51 and the lifting platform 4. The spherical self-aligning component 52 can be a spherical self-aligning bearing, ball joint, or other spherical self-aligning device, which can effectively eliminate the influence of lateral or longitudinal movement on the lateral drive mechanism 8 and the vertical load sensor 51.

[0084] Example 2

[0085] This embodiment provides a rolling cut test method, based on the cutting tool test bench 100 in Embodiment 1, such as... Figures 1 to 18 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0086] S1. Load the cut test blocks (rock blocks or coal blocks) into the loading container, and divide the cut test blocks into layers N1, N2...N from top to bottom. k The test block is divided into layers, along the transverse direction (i.e., the driving direction of the transverse drive mechanism 8), into rows 1…m. Each row of the test block in each layer is represented as N. km ;

[0087] S2: Start the cutting tool 200 and drive the cutting tool 200 to move down to the first position through the vertical drive mechanism 5. Then drive the loading container to move longitudinally back and forth through the longitudinal drive mechanism 6. After the rotating blade 204 rolls back and forth twice, the cutting of row N11 is completed.

[0088] S3: To be continued 11 After the test block is cut, the vertical drive mechanism 5 moves the cutting tool 200 upward, and then the horizontal drive mechanism 8 moves the cutting tool 200 to N. 12 Above the line;

[0089] S4: Repeat steps S2 and S3 above until the rolling cut of the N1 layer cut test block is completed.

[0090] S5: After the N1 layer cutting test block is cut, the vertical drive mechanism 5 drives the cutting blade 200 to move down to the second position, and then the longitudinal drive mechanism 6 drives the loading container to move longitudinally back and forth, so as to complete the N layer cutting by rotating the blade body 204 and rolling it twice. 21 Line truncation;

[0091] S6: Pending N 21 After the test block is cut, the vertical drive mechanism 5 drives the cutting tool 200 upward, and then the horizontal drive mechanism 8 drives the cutting tool 200 to move to N. 22 Above the line;

[0092] S7: Repeat steps S5 and S6 above until the cutting of the N2 layer cutting test block is completed;

[0093] S8: Repeat steps S2 to S7 above until N is completed. k The cutting of the layer cutting test block.

[0094] By employing a segmented and layered cutting process, which closely mirrors real-world working conditions, the simulation process becomes more realistic, and the experiments more effective. The width (lateral) of the cutting test block is typically 600mm, with a rotating cutter body of 204. For example, the width of a cutting roller (which can accommodate multiple cutting teeth in different positions and quantities) is 300mm, while the cutting edge width of a hobbing cutter is narrower, ranging from 22 to 30mm. Segmentation allows for maximum utilization of the cutting test block within the fully utilized operating range, enabling cutting experiments with different parameters to obtain more experimental parameters that provide a technical foundation and reference for the design of cutting mechanisms in coal mining machinery. Layering also allows for more efficient use of the stone, as the cutting principle involves the loading container containing the stone reciprocating through a longitudinal drive mechanism 6, and a vertical drive mechanism 5 lowering a certain depth of the cutter for rolling cutting.

[0095] In this embodiment, as Figures 1 to 18 As shown, the longitudinal reciprocating movement of the loading container (such as the specimen box 10) includes a forward stroke and a reverse stroke. Both the forward and reverse strokes include a start stage, a middle stage, and a finish stage. The speed gradually increases in the start stage, remains constant in the middle stage, and gradually decreases in the finish stage. The effective cutting length of the specimen is usually 1500mm. The reciprocating motion length needs to be longer than this. The set speed needs to be reached within the 1500mm range of the cut specimen. The acceleration and deceleration in the start and finish stages can be coordinated with the middle stage (effective length 1500mm) to achieve the set speed.

[0096] In this embodiment, as Figures 1 to 18As shown, when cutting each row of test blocks, the position of the cutting tool 200 is corrected and adjusted so that the rotating blade 204 is kept at a set height.

[0097] Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

Claims

1. A cutting tool test bench, characterized in that, Includes a rock mass loading unit, a cutter mounting unit, and a multi-directional movement unit; The rock mass loading unit includes a loading container for loading test blocks, and the top of the loading container is provided with a loading cutout for exposing the top surface of the test blocks inside the loading container; The tool mounting unit includes a tool mounting base for suspending and mounting the cutting tool, the tool mounting base being located above the loading and cutting opening; The multi-directional moving unit includes a vertical drive mechanism, a longitudinal drive mechanism, and a transverse drive mechanism for respectively driving the loading container and the tool mounting base to move relative to each other in the vertical, horizontal longitudinal, and horizontal transverse directions. The longitudinal drive mechanism includes a support base, on which a longitudinal slide rail and a longitudinal moving device are provided. The loading container is slidably connected to the longitudinal slide rail. The longitudinal moving device includes a longitudinal positioning part mounted on the support base and a longitudinal movable part that can move along the extension direction of the longitudinal slide rail. The longitudinal movable part is connected to the loading container. The transverse drive mechanism includes a lifting platform driven by the vertical drive mechanism. The bottom of the lifting platform is provided with a transverse slide rail and a transverse moving device. The tool mounting base is slidably connected to the transverse slide rail. The transverse moving device includes a transverse positioning part mounted on the lifting platform and a transverse movable part that can move along the extension direction of the transverse slide rail. The transverse movable part is connected to the loading container. The vertical drive mechanism includes a lifting device and a support column mounted on the support base. A bearing platform located above the tool mounting base is fixedly connected to the support column. The lifting device includes a lifting positioning part mounted on the bearing platform and a lifting movable part that can move up and down. The lifting movable part is connected to the lifting platform. The cutting tool includes a rotating cutter body capable of rotation, with the rotation axis of the cutter body arranged horizontally. The cutting tool also includes a tool mounting bracket, which is detachably connected to a tool mounting seat. The rotating cutter body is rotatably connected to the tool mounting bracket via a cutter shaft. The tool mounting bracket has a rotating shaft, which is coaxially connected to the cutter shaft. The tool mounting bracket includes a first tool holder and a second tool holder. The cutting tool is classified into roller type and hobbing type. It also includes an information acquisition unit, which includes a lateral displacement sensor, a longitudinal displacement sensor, a vertical displacement sensor, a lateral load sensor, a longitudinal load sensor, a vertical load sensor, a torque sensor, and a speed sensor. The torque sensor is located between the cutter shaft and the rotating shaft, and the speed sensor is located on the cutter shaft.

2. The cutting tool test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting platform is slidably connected to at least a portion of the supporting columns.

3. The cutting tool test bench according to claim 2, characterized in that, The loading container includes a specimen box and a working platform slidably connected to the longitudinal slide rail, with the specimen box mounted on the working platform.

4. A cutting tool test bench according to claim 3, characterized in that, The specimen box includes several annular box sections stacked sequentially from top to bottom. Adjacent annular box sections are detachably connected, and each annular box section is provided with a lifting component on its outer periphery.

5. A cutting tool test bench according to claim 3, characterized in that, The lateral displacement sensor includes a lateral fixed part and a lateral moving part. The lateral fixed part is fixedly connected to the lifting platform, and the lateral moving part is fixedly connected to the tool mounting base. The longitudinal displacement sensor includes a longitudinal fixed part and a longitudinal moving part. The longitudinal fixed part is fixedly connected to the support base, and the longitudinal moving part is fixedly connected to the work platform. The vertical displacement sensor includes a vertical fixed part and a vertical moving part. The vertical fixed part is fixedly connected to the lifting positioning part, and the vertical moving part is fixedly connected to the lifting movable part. The lateral load sensor is located between the lateral moving part and the tool mounting base. The longitudinal load sensor is located between the longitudinal moving part and the work platform. The vertical load sensor is installed between the lifting movable part and the lifting platform.

6. A cutting tool test bench according to claim 5, characterized in that, A spherical self-aligning component is provided between the vertical load sensor and the lifting platform.

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