A kind of based on collaborative advanced oxidation's extension top vent exhaust gas disinfection device and method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of based on synergic advanced oxidation's extension top air pipe waste gas disinfection device, including bottom disc, center sleeve, quartz ultraviolet lamp sleeve, ozone type ultraviolet lamp, no ozone ultraviolet lamp, ultrasonic atomizer, disinfectant storage tank, shell and be located at the exhaust pipe of waste gas of shell top;Bottom disc is sleeved on extension top air pipe, and shell bottom is connected with bottom disc;Quartz ultraviolet lamp sleeve is located in shell, and its upper end outlet is sealed with ultraviolet lamp frame, center sleeve is located in quartz ultraviolet lamp sleeve, and lower end is sleeved on extension top air pipe, and center sleeve is equipped with ozone type ultraviolet lamp between quartz ultraviolet lamp sleeve;No ozone ultraviolet lamp is located above quartz ultraviolet lamp sleeve and is connected with the bottom surface of ultraviolet lamp frame;Shell inner wall is pasted with the activated carbon fiber material layer of load nano TiO2.Compared with prior art, the device can completely disinfect waste gas in extension top air pipe, and can remove components causing odor, while not affecting normal exhaust and air supplement process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a device and method for disinfecting exhaust gas through a roof-mounted ventilator based on synergistic advanced oxidation, belonging to the field of building drainage and environmental protection technology. Background Technology

[0002] In building drainage systems, the flow within the drain pipes is a three-phase mixture. Excessive positive or negative pressure changes within the pipes during drainage can cause gases to escape into the room. Surveys indicate that most residential drainage systems currently suffer from varying degrees of problems such as odor backflow, excessive noise, leaks, and poor drainage. In fact, besides the odor and unpleasant smells caused by the disruption of water seals in building drainage systems, the issue of indoor microbial contamination and even the spread of pathogens due to water seal disruptions in drainage pipe systems has increasingly attracted attention in recent years. Therefore, there is an urgent need to enhance the safety of drainage systems to prevent the spread of odors and pathogens.

[0003] There are two ways to enhance the safety of building drainage systems and prevent the spread of odors and pathogens: one is to enhance the safety of the water seal, and the other is to improve ventilation and reduce pressure fluctuations within the pipes. Both ventilation and drainage are important because sewage or wastewater needs to exchange air with the atmosphere to balance pressure when venting from the pipe system. Therefore, current building drainage pipes are equipped with vent pipes extending out of the roof, i.e., roof vent pipes. However, the potential risk of pathogen spread in the exhaust gas emitted from roof vent pipes needs to be considered, especially for the exhaust gas from sewage and wastewater pipes in infectious disease departments of medical institutions, which requires disinfection to prevent the spread of pathogens.

[0004] Chinese utility model patent application CN201620767418.X and invention patent application 201610574420.X disclose an ultraviolet disinfection device for a drainage vent pipe. This device includes a disinfection unit installed on the drainage vent pipe, with a partition inside the outer shell dividing the device into several interconnected spaces to increase the flow distance of the disinfected gas. Chinese utility model patent application 201721685137.0 discloses another tubular ultraviolet disinfection device. Both of these existing technologies rely on ultraviolet light for disinfecting exhaust gas from vent pipes. However, ultraviolet disinfection typically requires a relatively long time of 15-30 minutes. Even with partitions blocking airflow to extend the residence time within a limited sterilizer volume, sufficient residence time cannot guarantee thorough disinfection. Furthermore, these existing technologies prioritize exhaust gas discharge without considering the replenishment of outdoor air into the pipe under negative pressure conditions, potentially blocking or affecting the replenishment process and thus easily impacting the stability of the internal air pressure. From the perspective of odor and pathogen control in building drainage vent pipes, an ideal technical solution should meet the following requirements: (1) achieve enhanced safety disinfection and risk control of potential pathogens within a limited contact time; (2) remove odors caused by H2S, CH4, etc. from the exhaust gas; and (3) the design of the method and device should not have significant airflow resistance, affecting exhaust gas discharge, nor should it affect the replenishment of outdoor air into the pipe under negative pressure. Existing disinfection devices cannot meet these requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of the prior art by providing a synergistic advanced oxidation-based exhaust gas disinfection device for roof vent pipes. This device can thoroughly disinfect potential pathogens in the exhaust gas from roof vent pipes and remove odor-causing substances such as H2S and CH4 from the exhaust gas, without affecting the normal exhaust and replenishment processes of the roof vent pipes.

[0006] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A synergistic advanced oxidation-based exhaust gas disinfection device for roof-mounted vent pipes includes a chassis, a central sleeve, a quartz UV lamp sleeve, a UV lamp holder, an ozone-type UV lamp, an ozone-free UV lamp, an outer shell, and an exhaust gas discharge pipe disposed on the top of the outer shell. The bottom of the outer shell is connected to the chassis, and the chassis is fitted onto the outer wall of the building drainage roof-mounted vent pipe. The quartz UV lamp sleeve is vertically disposed inside the outer shell, and its upper outlet is sealed by the UV lamp holder. The central sleeve is coaxially disposed inside the quartz UV lamp sleeve, and its lower end is tightly fitted onto the outer wall of the building drainage roof-mounted vent pipe. An ozone-type UV lamp is disposed within the annular space formed between the central sleeve and the quartz UV lamp sleeve, and the top of the ozone-type UV lamp is connected to the UV lamp holder. The ozone-free UV lamp is disposed above the quartz UV lamp sleeve and connected to the upper bottom surface of the UV lamp holder.

[0008] A wind cap is provided at the top outlet of the exhaust pipe; the outer shell is covered with a layer of activated carbon fiber material loaded with nano-TiO2 on all four sides and the inner top wall.

[0009] The exhaust gas disinfection device with the extended top vent pipe also includes an ultrasonic atomizer and a disinfectant storage tank located outside the outer shell. The ultrasonic atomizer is connected to the chassis, and the atomization outlet of the ultrasonic atomizer faces the inside of the outer shell and is located directly below the annular space formed between the central sleeve and the quartz ultraviolet lamp sleeve.

[0010] In this invention, the outer shell is preferably made of stainless steel and can be fixed to the chassis with screws. Nano-TiO2 activated carbon fiber material is attached to the perimeter and top of the outer shell. The activated carbon fiber material can adsorb some odor substances. The loaded TiO2, together with the ultraviolet lamp and the ozone-type ultraviolet lamp inside the quartz ultraviolet lamp sleeve, forms a UV / TiO2 advanced oxidation system. While disinfecting with UV and H2O2, the synergistic formation of UV / O3, UV / H2O2, and UV / TiO2 advanced oxidation systems enhances the disinfection effect within a limited space and residence time, eliminating the potential risk of microbial transmission from exhaust gases. Furthermore, the strong oxidizing effect of the aforementioned advanced oxidation system oxidizes substances such as H2S in the drainage pipes, and the activated carbon fiber adsorption absorbs some odor substances, which are then gradually decomposed and removed through subsequent advanced oxidation.

[0011] Furthermore, the exhaust gas disinfection device with the extended vent pipe also includes a rectifier plate and a demister plate disposed inside the outer casing to intercept aerosol droplets and prevent them from being discharged into the atmosphere. The rectifier plate is a plate-shaped structure located directly below the exhaust gas pipe, and the demister plate is a cylindrical structure with channels for gas passage on its wall. The top outlet of the demister plate is connected to the inlet of the exhaust gas pipe, and the bottom of the demister plate is connected to the rectifier plate. Preferably, the four walls of the demister plate are composed of several equidistant annular guide vanes inclined upwards at 30 to 45 degrees and vertical ribs for connecting the annular guide vanes.

[0012] Furthermore, the central sleeve is made of stainless steel, and its diameter is the same as or one size larger than the outer diameter of the vent pipe.

[0013] Furthermore, the number of ozone-type ultraviolet lamps is two or more, and the ozone-type ultraviolet lamps are evenly distributed within the annular space formed between the central sleeve 1 and the quartz ultraviolet lamp sleeve. The ozone-type ultraviolet lamps can simultaneously generate wavelengths of 254nm and 185nm. While using the 254nm UVC main wavelength for disinfection, ozone oxidation generated in the 185nm UVD band can be used for sterilization and deodorization.

[0014] Furthermore, the disinfectant in the disinfectant storage tank is 3%-8% H2O2 or 0.1%-0.6% peracetic acid, which can generate disinfectant mist through ultrasound. The ultrasonic atomizer has an automatic water replenishment function with liquid level control. Disinfectant mist is formed in the space between the central sleeve and the quartz ultraviolet lamp sleeve, and is carried by the airflow through the bottom connecting space to form disinfectant mist in the space between the quartz ultraviolet lamp sleeve and the outer shell, thus producing a disinfection effect.

[0015] Furthermore, the cross-sectional area of ​​the annular space between the central sleeve and the quartz ultraviolet lamp sleeve is 2 to 6 times the cross-sectional area of ​​the building's drainage vent pipe. This helps ensure sufficient disinfection time.

[0016] Furthermore, the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow passage between the quartz ultraviolet lamp sleeve and the outer shell is 2 to 6 times the cross-sectional area of ​​the building drainage roof vent pipe, which helps to avoid affecting the airflow discharge of the building drainage roof vent pipe and the replenishment of outdoor air into the pipe.

[0017] A method for disinfecting exhaust gas through an extended-top ventilator based on synergistic advanced oxidation is provided, which employs the aforementioned exhaust gas disinfection device based on synergistic advanced oxidation through an extended-top ventilator.

[0018] Compared with existing technologies, the present invention has the following characteristics and beneficial effects:

[0019] (1) The technical solution involved in this invention disinfects by UV and H2O2, while forming a variety of synergistic UV / O3, UV / H2O2 and UV / TiO2 advanced oxidation systems, which synergistically enhance the disinfection effect in a limited space and residence time, and eliminate the potential risk of microbial transmission in the exhaust gas; in addition, the strong oxidation effect of the above-mentioned advanced oxidation system oxidizes substances such as H2S in the drainage pipe, and absorbs some odor substances through the adsorption effect of activated carbon fiber, and gradually decomposes and removes them through subsequent advanced oxidation.

[0020] (2) The invention relates to a method for disinfecting exhaust gas through a top-mounted vent pipe based on synergistic advanced oxidation. The device is designed with low airflow resistance, which does not affect the normal function of the top-mounted vent pipe. It does not affect the normal exhaust gas discharge, nor should it affect the replenishment of outdoor air into the pipe under negative pressure conditions.

[0021] (3) The methods and corresponding devices involved in this invention can be combined and operated as needed. In low-risk locations and time periods, the disinfectant atomization system may not be activated, and the main method is to rely on ultraviolet disinfection and UV / TiO2 and UV / O3 advanced oxidation synergistic disinfection to reduce costs. In high-risk locations or time periods, the disinfectant atomization system can also be activated to ensure disinfection effect and control microbial risks. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the exhaust gas disinfection device based on synergistic advanced oxidation in Example 1;

[0023] Figure 2 The results of the disinfection effect test of the exhaust gas disinfection device based on synergistic advanced oxidation in Example 1 are as follows:

[0024] Figure 1 Components: 1-Central sleeve; 2-Quartz UV lamp sleeve; 3-Outer shell; 4-Ultrasonic atomizer; 5-Disinfectant storage tank; 6-UV lamp holder; 7-Ozone-type UV lamp; 8-Ozone-free UV lamp; 9-Activated carbon fiber material layer loaded with nano-TiO2; 10-Rectifier plate; 11-Defogger plate; 12-Exhaust gas emission pipe; 13-Rainproof hood; 14-Chassis; 15-Building drainage vent pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] like Figure 1A synergistic advanced oxidation-based exhaust gas disinfection device for roof-mounted vent pipes includes a chassis 14, a central sleeve 1, a quartz UV lamp sleeve 2, a UV lamp holder 6, an ozone-type UV lamp 7, an ozone-free UV lamp 8, an outer shell 3, and an exhaust gas discharge pipe 12 disposed on the top of the outer shell 3. The bottom of the outer shell 3 is connected to the chassis 14, and the chassis 14 is fitted onto the outer wall of the building drainage roof-mounted vent pipe. The quartz UV lamp sleeve 2 is vertically disposed inside the outer shell 3 and connected to the chassis 14 via a support rod. The upper outlet of the lamp sleeve 2 is sealed by the ultraviolet lamp holder 6. The central sleeve 1 is coaxially installed inside the quartz ultraviolet lamp sleeve 2. The lower end of the central sleeve 1 is tightly fitted onto the outer wall of the building drainage vent pipe. Four 8W ozone-type ultraviolet lamps 7 are evenly distributed in the annular space formed between the central sleeve 1 and the quartz ultraviolet lamp sleeve 2. The top of the ozone-type ultraviolet lamp 7 is connected to the ultraviolet lamp holder 6. The ozone-free ultraviolet lamp 8 is installed above the quartz ultraviolet lamp sleeve 2 and is connected to the upper bottom surface of the ultraviolet lamp holder 6.

[0028] The exhaust pipe 12 is provided with a wind cap 13 at its top outlet; the outer shell 3 is covered with an activated carbon fiber material layer 9 loaded with nano-TiO2 on its four sides and the inner top wall; the exhaust gas disinfection device of the top-mounted vent pipe also includes an ultrasonic atomizer 4 and a disinfectant storage tank 5 disposed outside the outer shell 3. The ultrasonic atomizer 4 is connected to the chassis 14, and the atomization outlet of the ultrasonic atomizer 4 faces the inside of the outer shell 3 and is located directly below the annular space formed between the central sleeve 1 and the quartz ultraviolet lamp sleeve 2.

[0029] The exhaust gas disinfection device of the top-mounted vent pipe also includes a rectifier plate 10 and a demister plate 11 disposed inside the outer casing 3, for intercepting aerosol droplets and preventing them from being discharged into the atmosphere. The rectifier plate is a plate-shaped structure located directly below the exhaust gas discharge pipe 12. The demister plate is a cylindrical structure, the cylindrical wall of which consists of six equally spaced annular guide vanes inclined upwards at 30 to 45 degrees and four vertical ribs for connecting the annular guide vanes. The top outlet of the demister plate 11 is connected to the inlet of the exhaust gas discharge pipe 12, and the bottom of the demister plate 11 is connected to the rectifier plate 10.

[0030] In this embodiment, the diameter of the building drainage vent pipe is De110, and the central sleeve is a cylindrical structure of De110 made of stainless steel; the quartz ultraviolet lamp sleeve 2 has a diameter of 200mm and a height of 380mm, and the outer shell 3 (excluding the top and exhaust pipe 12) has a diameter of 500mm and a height of 650mm, made of stainless steel; the exhaust pipe 12 has a length of 15cm and a diameter of De110.

[0031] The disinfectant in the disinfectant storage tank 5 is 8% H2O2, which can generate disinfectant mist through ultrasound. The ultrasonic atomizer 4 has an automatic water replenishment function with liquid level control. Disinfectant mist is formed in the space between the central sleeve 1 and the quartz ultraviolet lamp sleeve 2, and is carried by the airflow through the bottom connecting space to form disinfectant mist in the space between the quartz ultraviolet lamp sleeve 2 and the outer shell 3, thus producing a disinfection effect.

[0032] In this embodiment, the preparation method of activated carbon fiber material loaded with nano-TiO2 is as follows:

[0033] 1) Take 270 mL of tetrabutyl titanate and place it in a 1000 mL beaker. Then transfer 230 mL of anhydrous ethanol into the beaker and stir to mix evenly to obtain a tetrabutyl titanate solution.

[0034] 2) Mix 230 mL of anhydrous ethanol, 33 mL of concentrated hydrochloric acid (37%) and 27 mL of distilled water at room temperature. Add the resulting mixture dropwise to the tetrabutyl titanate solution at a rate of 1 drop / s while stirring at 100 r / min. Continue stirring for 30 minutes after the addition is complete to obtain a pale yellow uniform TiO2 sol. Let it age at room temperature for 24 h for later use.

[0035] 3) The activated carbon fiber felt was impregnated in the sol prepared in step 2) for 10 minutes using the impregnation method. After being taken out and air-dried, it was dried in an oven at 200℃ for 10 minutes. The impregnation loading was repeated 3 times, and after air-drying, it was placed in a muffle furnace and heated to 550℃ at a rate of 10℃ / min. The temperature was kept for 2 hours to obtain activated carbon fiber felt material loaded with nano-TiO2.

[0036] To verify the effectiveness of the exhaust gas disinfection device based on synergistic advanced oxidation in Example 1, and to reduce the errors caused by the complexity, low concentration, and unstable conditions of microorganisms in actual environments, a bacterial suspension cultured and separated from domestic sewage in a laboratory wastewater treatment unit was used. The suspension was atomized using a 20W small ultrasonic atomizer, and the atomized gas entered the device of Example 1 through the top-mounted exhaust pipe 15 for disinfection. A small variable-speed exhaust fan at the top of the device controlled the airflow speed, and the residence time of the aerosol in the device was controlled at different times (0.5 min to 8 min). Experiments were conducted with and without the ultrasonic nebulizer 4 turned on. Aerosols were collected before and after disinfection using a Juchuang QC-2A dual-channel atmospheric sampler and transferred to physiological saline absorption solution in the absorption tube. 0.5–10 mL of the collected absorption solution was inoculated onto agar plates, with each sample inoculated in triplicate (diluted for higher concentrations). The plates were incubated at 37°C for 24 hours, and microbial colony counts were performed to calculate disinfection efficiency. Since the bacterial concentration was high, percentage-based disinfection efficiencies were too high to accurately represent differences. Therefore, the disinfection efficiency was expressed as the logarithm of the colony counts before and after disinfection. Results are shown below. Figure 2 .

[0037] Figure 2 The results of the disinfection effect test of the exhaust gas disinfection device based on synergistic advanced oxidation in Example 1 show that a better disinfection effect can be achieved when the ultrasonic atomizer 4 is turned on. However, in the initial stage, there is little difference in disinfection efficiency whether the ultrasonic atomizer is turned on or off. This may be mainly because UV and UV / TiO2 sterilization are rapid, while H2O2 has a slower action time. 。 For example, the number of microorganisms in the air of the living environment is less than 2000 CFU / m³. 3 For reference, the residence time of the corresponding device is about 2.0 min. However, since the aerosol prepared by ultrasonic bacterial suspension was used in this experiment, the bacterial concentration in the aerosol is high and is not equivalent to the conditions in the actual environment. The experiment only verified the effectiveness of the method. In practical applications, the residence time should be optimized according to the environmental conditions.

[0038] The above-described embodiments are provided to enable those skilled in the art to understand and use the invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications can be easily made to these embodiments, and the general principles of this description can be applied to other embodiments without inventive effort. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and any improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the principles of the present invention without departing from the scope of the invention should be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A top-ventilated exhaust gas disinfection device based on synergistic advanced oxidation, characterized in that, The system includes a chassis (14), a central sleeve (1), a quartz UV lamp sleeve (2), a UV lamp holder (6), an ozone-type UV lamp (7), an ozone-free UV lamp (8), an outer casing (3), and an exhaust pipe (12) installed on the top of the outer casing. The bottom of the outer casing (3) is connected to the chassis (14), and the chassis (14) is fitted onto the outer wall of the building drainage vent pipe. The quartz UV lamp sleeve (2) is vertically installed inside the outer casing (3), and the upper outlet of the quartz UV lamp sleeve (2) uses UV light. The outer lamp holder (6) is sealed, and the central sleeve (1) is coaxially set inside the quartz ultraviolet lamp sleeve (2). The lower end of the central sleeve (1) is tightly fitted onto the outer wall of the building drainage roof vent pipe. An ozone-type ultraviolet lamp (7) is installed in the annular space formed between the central sleeve (1) and the quartz ultraviolet lamp sleeve (2). The top of the ozone-type ultraviolet lamp (7) is connected to the ultraviolet lamp holder (6). The ozone-free ultraviolet lamp (8) is set above the quartz ultraviolet lamp sleeve (2) and is connected to the upper bottom surface of the ultraviolet lamp holder (6). The exhaust pipe (12) is provided with a wind cap (13) at the top outlet; the outer shell (3) is covered with a layer of activated carbon fiber material loaded with nano-TiO2 around its perimeter and the inner top wall; The exhaust gas disinfection device of the top vent pipe also includes an ultrasonic atomizer (4) and a disinfectant storage tank (5) set outside the outer shell (3). The ultrasonic atomizer (4) is connected to the chassis (14). The atomization outlet of the ultrasonic atomizer (4) faces the inside of the outer shell (3) and is located directly below the annular space formed between the central sleeve (1) and the quartz ultraviolet lamp sleeve (2). The cross-sectional area of ​​the flow passage between the quartz ultraviolet lamp sleeve (2) and the outer shell (3) is 2 to 6 times the cross-sectional area of ​​the building drainage vent pipe.

2. The exhaust gas disinfection device based on synergistic advanced oxidation using a top-venting vent as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The exhaust gas disinfection device of the top vent pipe also includes a rectifier plate (10) and a demister plate (11) installed inside the outer shell (3). The rectifier plate is a plate-shaped structure located directly below the exhaust gas discharge pipe (12). The demister plate is a cylindrical structure with a channel for gas to pass through on the cylindrical wall. The top outlet of the demister plate is connected to the inlet of the exhaust gas discharge pipe, and the bottom of the demister plate is connected to the rectifier plate.

3. The exhaust gas disinfection device based on synergistic advanced oxidation using a top-venting ventilator as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The four walls of the demister plate are composed of several equally spaced annular guide vanes inclined upwards at 30 to 45 degrees and vertical ribs for connecting the annular guide vanes.

4. The exhaust gas disinfection device based on synergistic advanced oxidation using a top-venting vent as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The central sleeve is made of stainless steel.

5. The exhaust gas disinfection device based on synergistic advanced oxidation using a top-venting vent as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The number of ozone-type ultraviolet lamps (7) is two or more, and the ozone-type ultraviolet lamps (7) are evenly distributed in the annular space formed between the central sleeve (1) and the quartz ultraviolet lamp sleeve (2).

6. The exhaust gas disinfection device based on synergistic advanced oxidation using a top-venting vent as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The disinfectant in the disinfectant storage tank is 3%-8% H2O2 or 0.1%-0.6% peracetic acid.

7. The exhaust gas disinfection device based on synergistic advanced oxidation using a top-venting vent as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-sectional area of ​​the annular space between the central sleeve (1) and the quartz ultraviolet lamp sleeve (2) is 2 to 6 times the cross-sectional area of ​​the building drainage vent pipe.

8. A method for disinfecting exhaust gas from an extended-top ventilator based on synergistic advanced oxidation, characterized in that, The exhaust gas disinfection device based on synergistic advanced oxidation, as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, is adopted.

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