Battery swapping station top hoisting device and battery swapping station

Abstract

The application provides a battery replacement station top hoisting device and a battery replacement station. The battery replacement station top hoisting device comprises a moving mechanism slidingly installed on a track of the battery replacement station, a hoisting mechanism movably installed below the moving mechanism through a lifting mechanism, the lifting mechanism drives the hoisting mechanism to move in the vertical direction, the hoisting mechanism is used for hoisting a battery pack, an unlocking part is arranged on the hoisting mechanism, the unlocking part is arranged in correspondence with a locking mechanism of the battery pack, the locking mechanism is used for locking the battery pack at a preset position of an electric vehicle, and the unlocking part acts on the locking mechanism to switch the locking mechanism between the unlocking state and the locking state. The moving mechanism and the lifting mechanism can move the hoisting mechanism in the horizontal and vertical directions, realize the replacement of the battery pack from the upper part of the battery replacement vehicle, and combine the locking and unlocking actions of the battery pack in the process of the vertical movement of the hoisting mechanism through the cooperation between the unlocking part of the hoisting mechanism and the locking mechanism of the battery pack, thereby improving the battery replacement operation efficiency.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present specification relates to the technical field of battery replacement, in particular to a battery replacement station top hoisting device and a battery replacement station. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the increasing reduction of oil resources and the increasing demand for environmental protection, electric energy as a clean energy is an important means to solve the environmental pollution of power supply. Various types of vehicles using electric energy are increasing and are active in various application environments, including various types of electric agricultural operation vehicles. During agricultural operation, electric agricultural operation vehicles require short time for electric energy supply. For example, in a smart farm, automated agricultural operation vehicles need to be timely supplemented with electric energy. Traditional electric energy supplementing forms require vehicles to stop for charging, which cannot meet the needs of vehicle electric energy supplementing. Therefore, battery replacement operation, i.e., establishing a charging station to timely replace battery packs for agricultural operation vehicles, can ensure the working efficiency of agricultural operation vehicles.

[0003] As one of the important agricultural equipment in a smart farm, an electric agricultural operation vehicle can engage in various agricultural activities. Due to the complex working environment of the electric agricultural operation vehicle, the battery pack may be damaged by impact from below or soaked in water. In order to protect the battery pack, the battery pack needs to be installed at a position far from the ground. However, the existing battery pack installation method is to install and remove the battery pack from the bottom or side of the vehicle, which cannot conveniently and quickly replace the battery pack installed at a high position. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a battery replacement device that can efficiently replace the battery pack from above the vehicle. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application solves the problem of the prior art that the battery pack installed at a high position on the electric agricultural operation vehicle cannot be conveniently and efficiently replaced. The present application provides a battery replacement station top hoisting device and a battery replacement station, wherein the battery replacement station top hoisting device can detach and / or install a battery from above the electric agricultural operation vehicle, the battery replacement operation is convenient and rapid, and the efficiency of the vehicle battery replacement is improved.

[0005] The present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A battery replacement station top hoisting device, comprising a moving mechanism, a lifting mechanism, and a hoisting mechanism;

[0007] The moving mechanism is slidingly installed on a track of the battery replacement station to move along the track;

[0008] The hoisting mechanism is movably installed below the moving mechanism by the lifting mechanism, and the lifting mechanism drives the hoisting mechanism to move in a direction close to or away from the moving mechanism;

[0009] The lifting mechanism is used for lifting the battery pack, and the unlocking part is arranged on the lifting mechanism and is arranged correspondingly with the locking mechanism of the battery pack; the locking mechanism is used for locking the battery pack at a preset position of the electric vehicle, and the unlocking part acts on the locking mechanism to switch the locking mechanism between the unlocking state and the locking state.

[0010] In the above scheme, the lifting mechanism can be moved horizontally and vertically by the moving mechanism and the lifting mechanism, and the battery pack can be grabbed or released by the lifting mechanism, so that the battery pack can be disassembled and / or installed from above the electric vehicle, which is more suitable for the use scene of the electric agricultural operation vehicle. Moreover, the lifting mechanism is provided with an unlocking part, and the battery pack installed on the electric vehicle is provided with a locking mechanism corresponding to the unlocking part. During the vertical descent of the lifting structure, the unlocking part acts on the locking mechanism of the battery pack, so that the locking mechanism moves from the predetermined locking position to the predetermined unlocking position to unlock the battery pack. After the lifting mechanism releases the battery pack, the lifting mechanism vertically rises, the unlocking part is separated from the locking mechanism on the battery pack, the locking mechanism returns to the predetermined locking position, and the battery pack returns to the locking state. The battery pack locking and unlocking actions of the above battery swap station overhead crane equipment are combined in the vertical movement process of the lifting mechanism, which improves the battery swap operation efficiency.

[0011] In the above technical scheme, when the lifting mechanism lifts the battery pack, the unlocking part abuts and pushes the locking mechanism in the target battery pack, so that the locking mechanism is in the unlocking state; when the lifting mechanism releases the battery pack, the unlocking part is separated from the contact with the locking mechanism, so that the locking mechanism returns to the locking state.

[0012] In the above scheme, when unlocking, the lifting mechanism vertically descends to grab the battery pack, the unlocking part abuts and pushes the locking mechanism downward under the action of the gravity of the lifting mechanism, so that the locking mechanism exits the predetermined locking position and unlocks the battery pack; after the lifting mechanism releases the battery pack, the lifting mechanism vertically rises, the unlocking part originally abutting the locking mechanism of the battery pack moves upward with the lifting mechanism and finally leaves the locking mechanism, so that the locking mechanism is no longer subjected to the pushing force, the locking mechanism enters the predetermined locking position, and the battery pack is locked. The battery pack locking and unlocking actions of the above battery swap station overhead crane equipment are combined in the vertical movement process of the lifting mechanism, which not only improves the battery swap operation efficiency, but also provides the unlocking power by using the gravity of the lifting mechanism itself, without the need to provide an additional driving device for the unlocking part, thereby saving energy.

[0013] In the above technical solution, more preferably, the hoisting mechanism comprises a hoisting frame and a connecting component; the hoisting frame is used to be connected with the lifting mechanism, and the connecting component is arranged on the hoisting frame and used to mount the battery pack on the hoisting frame.

[0014] In the above solution, the hoisting frame is arranged to form a stable basic structure, and the connecting component is arranged on the hoisting frame to detachably fix the battery pack, so that the grabbing and releasing actions of the battery pack are conveniently completed.

[0015] In the above technical solution, more preferably, the connecting component comprises a locking piece, the battery pack is provided with a matching piece at a position corresponding to the locking piece, and the locking piece and the matching piece are matched to fix the battery pack on the hoisting frame.

[0016] In the above solution, by arranging the locking piece on the hoisting mechanism and the matching piece on the battery pack, the locking and unlocking actions of the locking piece and the matching piece are used to more conveniently complete the grabbing and releasing actions of the battery pack, and the locking piece is arranged to avoid the disengagement of the battery pack from the hoisting mechanism during movement, thereby improving the safety of battery replacement.

[0017] In the above technical solution, more preferably, the matching piece is a waist-shaped hole formed on a battery pack support, and the locking piece is a rotatable protruding part, which can be inserted into the waist-shaped hole in an initial position.

[0018] When the hoisting mechanism hoists the battery pack, the protruding part in the initial position is inserted into the waist-shaped hole and rotated to a locking position to connect the hoisting frame and the battery pack support in clamping; when the hoisting mechanism releases the battery pack, the locking piece is rotated to the initial position and withdrawn from the waist-shaped hole to disconnect the hoisting frame and the battery pack.

[0019] In the above solution, by the waist-shaped hole and the rotatable protruding part matched with each other, when the battery pack is locked, the protruding part is inserted into the waist-shaped hole and rotated to the locking position to complete the locking; when the battery pack is unlocked, the protruding part is rotated from the locking position to the unlocking position and then withdrawn from the waist-shaped hole. The locking device composed of the waist-shaped hole and the rotatable protruding part has a small size, a simple locking and unlocking mode, and is easy to produce.

[0020] In the above technical solution, more preferably, the hoisting mechanism further comprises a first driving device and a first transmission device, the output end of the first driving device is connected to the first transmission device, the first transmission device is movably connected with the locking piece, and the first driving device drives the first transmission device to drive the locking piece to rotate.

[0021] In the above scheme, by setting the first driving device and the first transmission device, the first driving device is used to drive the locking member to rotate, so that the convex portion follows the rotation to perform the locking and unlocking actions, and the battery pack locking and unlocking can be conveniently completed by controlling the first driving device.

[0022] In the above technical solution, more preferably, the first driving device comprises a first motor, and the first transmission device comprises a connecting rod.

[0023] In the above scheme, the first motor and the connecting rod connected to the output end of the motor are provided, the first motor is driven to move the connecting rod, so that the locking member follows the rotation, and the driving mode of the first motor combined with the connecting rod is easy to realize, the motor selection is rich, and the production and control production cost are easy.

[0024] In the above technical solution, more preferably, the lifting frame is rectangular, and the number of the locking members is four, which are respectively arranged at the vertex positions of the rectangular lifting frame.

[0025] The number of the first motor and the connecting rod is two, and the two connecting rods are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the rectangular lifting frame, and the two ends of each connecting rod are respectively connected to one locking member.

[0026] In the above scheme, by connecting two locking members in a group on the rectangular frame, the locking and unlocking actions of the two locking members can be kept synchronous, and a small number of motors are used to drive a plurality of locking members, which can further reduce the production cost.

[0027] In the above technical solution, more preferably, the lifting mechanism is further provided with a first guide device, and the first guide device is arranged on the outer periphery of the lifting mechanism.

[0028] The battery pack is provided with a first positioning portion, and the first positioning portion cooperates with the first guide device to position and guide the movement of the lifting mechanism to the battery pack.

[0029] In the above scheme, by setting the first guide device and the first positioning portion which cooperate with each other, the guiding effect is provided during the process of lowering the lifting mechanism to grab the battery pack, so that the lifting mechanism accurately reaches the preset position above the battery pack, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the grabbing operation.

[0030] In the above technical solution, more preferably, the first positioning portion is a battery pack support, and the first guide device comprises a first guide surface which is inclined outwardly of the battery pack support in a direction towards the battery pack support.

[0031] In the above scheme, when the hoisting mechanism is lowered to grab the battery pack, the battery pack support slides on the first guide surface of the first guide device to provide horizontal guiding, adjust the horizontal relative position of the hoisting mechanism and the battery pack, guide the hoisting mechanism to the predetermined hoisting position, and the structure directly utilizes the structure of the battery pack support, and horizontal guiding can be completed by setting the first guide surface in sliding contact with the battery pack support, which is simple in structure and easy to manufacture.

[0032] In the above technical solution, more preferably, the number of first guide devices is multiple, and the hoisting frame is rectangular, and the multiple first guide devices are respectively arranged at the vertex positions of the rectangular hoisting frame.

[0033] In the above scheme, the first guide device is installed at each vertex position of the rectangular hoisting frame, which can set the distance between the guide devices as large as possible, thereby providing a larger guiding moment and better completing the horizontal guiding process through the battery pack support.

[0034] In the above technical solution, more preferably, the hoisting mechanism is further provided with a second guide device, and the second guide device is arranged at the upper portion of the hoisting mechanism.

[0035] The second positioning portion is arranged on the moving mechanism and cooperates with the second guide device to position and guide the hoisting mechanism when the hoisting mechanism moves towards the moving mechanism.

[0036] In the above scheme, when the hoisting mechanism is driven by the lifting mechanism to approach the moving mechanism, the second guide device arranged at the upper portion of the hoisting mechanism cooperates with the second positioning portion arranged in the moving mechanism to complete the horizontal guiding of the hoisting mechanism and the moving mechanism, so that the hoisting mechanism can be accurately moved to the predetermined position of the moving mechanism, and the hoisting mechanism can be kept in a stable position when the moving mechanism drives the hoisting mechanism to move, and shaking or displacement does not occur.

[0037] In the above technical solution, more preferably, the second positioning portion is a first middle beam of the moving mechanism, and the second guide device includes a second guide surface, which is inclined outward of the first middle beam in a direction towards the first middle beam.

[0038] In the above scheme, when the hoisting mechanism is raised, the second guide surface of the second guide device slides on the first middle beam in the moving mechanism to adjust the horizontal relative position of the hoisting mechanism and the moving mechanism, guide the hoisting mechanism to move to the predetermined position, and the structure directly utilizes the structure of the first middle beam in the moving mechanism, and horizontal guiding can be completed by setting the second guide surface in sliding contact therewith, which is simple in structure and easy to manufacture.

[0039] In the above technical solution, more preferably, the hoisting mechanism is further provided with a second middle beam, the position of the second middle beam is opposite to the first middle beam, and the second guide device is arranged on the second middle beam.

[0040] In the above solution, by arranging the second middle beam on the hoisting mechanism and arranging the second guide device on the second middle beam, the internal space of the hoisting mechanism can be reasonably utilized.

[0041] In the above technical solution, more preferably, the moving mechanism further comprises a second driving device and a second transmission device, the output end of the second driving device is connected to the second transmission device, and the second transmission device is in sliding connection with the track of the battery swap station; the second driving device drives the second transmission device to drive the battery swap station top hoisting equipment to move on the track.

[0042] In the above solution, by arranging the second driving device and the second transmission device, the second driving device drives the second transmission device to rotate, thereby conveniently moving the moving mechanism on the track.

[0043] In the above technical solution, more preferably, the second driving device comprises a second motor, and the second transmission device comprises a track wheel.

[0044] In the above solution, by arranging the second motor and the track wheel connected to the output end of the second motor, the track wheel is driven to rotate by the rotation of the second motor, thereby moving the moving mechanism on the track. The driving mode of the second motor combined with the track wheel is easy to realize, the motor selection is rich, and the production and control cost is easy to produce.

[0045] In the above technical solution, more preferably, the lifting mechanism further comprises a third driving device and a third transmission device, the output end of the third driving device is connected to the third transmission device, and the third transmission device is connected with the hoisting mechanism; the third driving device drives the third transmission device to drive the hoisting mechanism to move.

[0046] In the above solution, by arranging the third driving device and the third transmission device, the third driving device provides power to drive the third transmission device to rotate, thereby conveniently lifting the hoisting mechanism.

[0047] In the above technical solution, more preferably, the third driving device comprises a third motor, and the third transmission device comprises a pulley block and a connecting rope.

[0048] In the above solution, the third motor and the connecting rope connected to the third motor are arranged, and the pulley block is arranged to bear the connecting rope. By winding the connecting rope in different directions, the hoisting mechanism is lifted. The connection structure is easy to produce, and the motor selection is rich.

[0049] The application also provides a battery swap station comprising a main frame and the battery swap station top hoisting device according to any one of the above.

[0050] The main frame is provided with a track, and the battery swap station top hoisting device is movably arranged on the track.

[0051] In the above scheme, the battery swap station is provided with a track arranged on the main frame, and the battery swap station top hoisting device arranged on the track can move along the track. When the electric vehicle performs the battery swap operation, the battery swap station top hoisting device removes the battery pack to be replaced from above the electric vehicle, and then installs the available battery pack in the battery swap station from above the electric vehicle. The battery swap operation is convenient and fast, and the battery pack can be installed above the electric vehicle, so that the battery pack is far away from the ground, which is more suitable for the use scene of the electric agricultural operation vehicle.

[0052] In the above technical scheme, more preferably, the upper part of the electric vehicle is provided with a mounting bracket, and the locking mechanism of the battery pack cooperates with the mounting bracket to realize the detachable connection of the battery pack and the mounting bracket. The unlocking part of the battery swap station top hoisting device acts on the locking mechanism of the battery pack to switch the locking mechanism between the unlocked state and the locked state.

[0053] In the above scheme, by arranging the mounting bracket on the upper part of the electric vehicle, when the battery pack is hoisted from top to bottom to the battery pack mounting bracket, the battery pack is installed above the electric vehicle through the battery pack mounting bracket. After the battery pack is installed on the battery pack mounting bracket, it has better levelness, so as to stably abut on the bracket body and not easy to overturn during the driving of the electric vehicle, and the stability is good. At the same time, by cooperating the locking mechanism with the mounting bracket, the battery pack is firmly fixed on the mounting bracket. When the battery pack is removed, the unlocking part acts on the locking mechanism to unlock the locking mechanism from the locking position, so that the battery pack can be conveniently unlocked and separated from the mounting bracket.

[0054] In the above technical scheme, more preferably, the charging area is also provided with the mounting bracket, and the battery swap station top hoisting device is used to transfer the battery pack between the mounting bracket in the charging area and the mounting bracket on the electric vehicle.

[0055] In the above scheme, by arranging the mounting bracket with the same structure as that on the electric vehicle in the charging area, the structural consistency is beneficial to the batch production of the mounting bracket, saving the research and development time and production cost.

[0056] In the above technical solution, more preferably, the charging area includes at least two charging stations, which are respectively located on both sides of the battery swapping area; the battery swapping station ceiling equipment includes a first ceiling equipment and a second ceiling equipment, which are respectively located on both sides of the battery swapping area, and the ceiling equipment located on the side with an available charging station is the first ceiling equipment.

[0057] The first overhead crane is used to transfer the battery pack to be replaced on the electric vehicle to the vacant charging station, and the second overhead crane is used to transfer the available battery pack in the charging station to the electric vehicle.

[0058] In the above scheme, two overhead cranes are set up. One crane is responsible for removing the battery pack to be replaced from the electric vehicle and moving it to an empty charging station for charging. The other crane is responsible for grabbing the available battery pack in the battery swapping station and installing it on the electric vehicle. The simultaneous operation of the two overhead cranes helps to further improve the battery swapping efficiency.

[0059] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the above-mentioned at least one technical solution adopted in the embodiments of this specification include at least the following: by movably installing the moving mechanism of the battery swapping station top-mounted equipment on the track of the battery swapping station, the battery swapping station top-mounted equipment can be moved quickly; by using a lifting mechanism, the hoisting mechanism can move vertically below the moving mechanism, thereby enabling the battery pack frame to be disassembled and / or installed from above the electric agricultural vehicle; and, a plurality of unlocking parts are provided on the hoisting mechanism, corresponding to the locking mechanism of the battery pack; before the hoisting mechanism grabs the battery pack frame, the hoisting mechanism moves vertically downward, the unlocking parts act on the locking mechanism on the battery pack, causing the locking mechanism to move from a predetermined locking position to a predetermined unlocking position to unlock the battery pack; after the hoisting mechanism releases the battery pack, the hoisting mechanism moves vertically upward, the unlocking parts that were originally in contact with the locking mechanism move upward with the hoisting mechanism and leave the locking mechanism, that is, the unlocking parts separate from the locking mechanism on the battery pack, the locking mechanism moves from returning to the predetermined locking position, and the battery pack is locked. The aforementioned battery swapping station top-mounted equipment removes and / or installs battery pack racks from above the vehicle, meeting the operational requirements for replacing batteries from above. Furthermore, during the battery pack hoisting process, the top-mounted equipment utilizes the movement direction of the hoisting mechanism, integrating the unlocking process into the descent of the hoisting mechanism and the locking process into the ascent of the hoisting mechanism. This allows for rapid locking and unlocking of the battery pack. By setting up an unlocking part that links with the locking structure, the force on the locking mechanism is changed, facilitating unlocking and locking operations without the need for separate unlocking or locking operations. This simplifies operation, saves energy, reduces battery swapping time, and improves battery swapping efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0060] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort on the basis of these drawings.

[0061] Figure 1 It is a front view schematic diagram of the charging station of an embodiment;

[0062] Figure 2 It is a perspective view schematic diagram of the charging station of an embodiment;

[0063] Figure 3 It is a side view schematic diagram of the top hoisting equipment of the charging station of an embodiment;

[0064] Figure 4 It is a bottom view schematic diagram of the top hoisting equipment of the charging station of an embodiment;

[0065] Figure 5 It is a side view schematic diagram of the top hoisting equipment of the charging station of an embodiment, in which the moving mechanism is installed with a second motor;

[0066] Figure 6 It is a perspective view schematic diagram of the hoisting mechanism of an embodiment;

[0067] Figure 7 It is a partial enlarged view schematic diagram of the hoisting mechanism of an embodiment;

[0068] Figure 8 It is a perspective view schematic diagram of the upper support of the battery pack of an embodiment;

[0069] Figure 9 It is a bottom view schematic diagram of the hoisting mechanism and the moving mechanism of an embodiment in a mutual cooperation state;

[0070] Figure 10 It is a perspective view schematic diagram of the electric tractor installed with the battery pack of an embodiment;

[0071] Figure 11 It is a perspective view schematic diagram of the battery pack of an embodiment;

[0072] Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the locking pin shaft of the movable locking component of an embodiment;

[0073] Figure 13 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the locking pin shaft of an embodiment;

[0074] Figure 14Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of two states of the fixed locking component and the movable locking component cooperating in an embodiment;

[0075] Wherein, 10 is a battery swap station, 11 is a track, 12 is a ground support, 15 is a main frame, 16 is a battery swap area, 17 is a charging area, 20 is a top hoisting equipment of the battery swap station, 21 is a first top hoisting equipment, 210 is a moving mechanism, 212 is a first middle beam, 216 is a second motor, 217 is a track wheel, 218 is a second guide device, 219 is a second guide surface, 22 is a second top hoisting equipment, 220 is a lifting mechanism, 222 is a second middle beam, 223 is a third motor, 225 is a third transmission device, 226 is a pulley block, 227 is a connecting rope, 230 is a hoisting mechanism, 231 is a hoisting frame, 232 is a connecting component, 234 is a protruding part, 235 is an unlocking part, 243 is a first motor, 244 is a connecting rod, 250 is a first guide device, 251 is a first guide surface, 30 is an electric vehicle, 40 is a battery pack, 401 is a standard battery pack, 41 is a sliding locking device, 410 is a movable locking component, 411 is a second locking inclined surface, 412 is a locking pin shaft, 413 is an unlocking plate, 414 is a sliding groove, 490 is a battery pack support, 491 is a battery pack upper support, 492 is a waist-shaped hole, 500 is a locking mechanism, 51 is a pressing rod, 52 is a reversing plate, 53 is a pull rod, 600 is a mounting bracket, 611 is a first locking inclined surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0076] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0077] The above embodiments of the present application are described with reference to the drawings, and all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present application, without creative work, shall fall within the scope of the applications.

[0078] It is to be understood that the phraseology or various aspects described herein are examples but not limitation. Any structure and / or function described herein is illustrative only and not restrictive. Any one aspect described herein can be implemented independently of any other aspect and these aspects can be combined in various ways.

[0079] It is also need to note that the drawings provided in the following embodiments only schematically illustrate the basic concept of the present application, and only the components related to the present application are shown in the drawings, not the number, shape and size of the components when actually implemented.

[0080] In addition, in the following description, specific details are provided to facilitate a thorough understanding of the examples. However, one skilled in the relevant art will understand that the aspects described can be practiced without these specific details.

[0081] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings based on the orientation or positional relationship, only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0082] Traditional fuel motor vehicles will emit a large amount of exhaust gas during use, becoming one of the sources of environmental pollution. In recent years, with the increasing reduction of oil resources and the increasing demand for environmental protection, electric vehicles have developed rapidly due to their lower energy consumption and more environmentally friendly energy utilization methods. Among them, electric agricultural vehicles are emerging. Taking electric tractors as an example, as a commonly used agricultural work vehicle, tractors are widely used for traction, plowing, harvesting or other various field work.

[0083] Electric energy supplement is a problem that needs to be solved and optimized during the use of electric vehicles. Electric agricultural vehicles need to continuously perform agricultural work, especially during the busy farming season. The electric energy supplement scheme needs to adapt to efficiency first. The traditional charging type electric energy supplement form needs the vehicle to stop driving to charge, which cannot meet the needs of the vehicle's electric energy supplement. Therefore, the battery replacement technology is a more suitable electric energy supplement method for agricultural production needs. For example, in a smart farm, a charging station is built to replace the battery pack of an electric agricultural vehicle. When the vehicle's battery pack is low, the vehicle enters the battery replacement station to replace the battery, quickly supplements the electric energy of the vehicle, and makes it quickly re-enter agricultural production. The charging station can plan the battery pack charging, further ensuring the working efficiency of the agricultural work vehicle.

[0084] As one of the important agricultural equipment in the smart farm, the unmanned electric agricultural operation vehicle can realize unmanned driving and operation to engage in various agricultural activities. The working environment of the unmanned electric agricultural operation vehicle is complex due to the rugged and uneven ground and complex environment of the agricultural operation site. The battery pack may be damaged by impact from below or soaked in water. In order to protect the battery pack, the battery pack needs to be installed at a position far from the ground. However, the existing battery pack installation method is to install and remove the battery pack from the side of the vehicle, which cannot conveniently and quickly replace the battery pack installed at a high position. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a battery replacement device that can efficiently replace the battery pack from above the vehicle.

[0085] Embodiment 1

[0086] The embodiment discloses a battery replacement station overhead hoisting device for performing battery replacement operation from above an electric vehicle and installing a battery pack at a predetermined position of the electric vehicle. In the embodiment, the electric vehicle is taken as an example of an electric tractor. As shown in Figures 1 to 5 , the battery replacement station overhead hoisting device 20 comprises a moving mechanism 210, a lifting mechanism 220 and a hoisting mechanism 230. The moving mechanism 210 is slidingly installed on the track 11 of the battery replacement station 10 and can move along the track 11 to drive the battery replacement station overhead hoisting device 20 to move along the track 11. The hoisting mechanism 230 is movably installed below the moving mechanism 210 by the lifting mechanism 220, and the lifting mechanism 220 drives the hoisting mechanism 230 to move in the direction of approaching or moving away from the moving mechanism 210.

[0087] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the hoisting mechanism 230 is used for hoisting the battery pack 40. As shown in Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 , the hoisting mechanism 230 is provided with an unlocking part 235 corresponding to the locking mechanism 500 of the battery pack 40. The locking mechanism 500 is used for locking the battery pack 40 at a predetermined position of the electric vehicle 30, and the unlocking part 235 acts on the locking mechanism 500 to switch the locking mechanism 500 between the unlocked state and the locked state.

[0088] The following examples are discussed:

[0089] Specifically, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2The illustrated battery swap station 10 is provided with a main frame 15, which includes a ground support 12 and a track 11 installed above the ground support 12. The main frame 15 is provided below with a plurality of installation brackets 31 for storing and charging battery packs 40. A battery swap station overhead hoisting device 20 is installed on the track 11 and can move on the track 11 to remove the battery pack 40 to be replaced from an electric vehicle 30 parked below the track 11 and install a usable battery pack 40 on the electric vehicle 30 parked below the track 11.

[0090] As shown in the drawings, Figures 3 to 5 The battery swap station overhead hoisting device 20 includes a moving mechanism 210, a lifting mechanism 220, and a hoisting mechanism 230. The moving mechanism 210 can move on the track 11 to move the entire battery swap station overhead hoisting device 20. The moving mechanism 210 is provided above with the lifting mechanism 220, which includes a second driving device and a connecting device, which can be a flexible connecting device such as a rope or a chain. The moving mechanism 210 has a hollow structure or a through-hole structure for the connecting device to pass through. One end of the connecting device is connected to the second driving device, and the other end is connected to the hoisting mechanism 230. The lifting mechanism 220 drives the hoisting mechanism 230 to move in a vertically upward or downward direction under the drive of the second driving device.

[0091] The hoisting mechanism 230 is used to hoist the battery pack 40. The hoisting mechanism 230 can grasp or release the battery pack 40. The hoisting mechanism 230 is also provided with an unlocking portion 235. As shown in the drawings, Figure 10 and Figure 11 The battery pack 40 is provided with a locking mechanism 500 for detachably fixing the battery pack to a predetermined position on the electric vehicle 40. The unlocking portion 235 is correspondingly provided with the locking mechanism 500. When the hoisting mechanism 230 descends, the unlocking portion 235 acts on the locking mechanism 500 to make it enter an unlocked state. When the hoisting mechanism 230 rises, the unlocking portion 235 no longer acts on the locking mechanism 500, and the locking mechanism 500 returns to a locked state.

[0092] In the above scheme, the horizontal movement along the track 11 is realized by the moving mechanism 210, the vertical movement of the hoisting mechanism 230 is realized by the lifting mechanism 220, and the hoisting mechanism 230 can grab or release the battery pack 40, so that the battery pack 40 can be disassembled and / or installed from the top of the electric vehicle 30, which is more suitable for the use scene of the electric agricultural working vehicle. The hoisting mechanism 230 is also provided with an unlocking part 235, and at the same time, the battery pack 40 installed on the electric vehicle 30 is provided with a locking mechanism 500 corresponding to the unlocking part 235. During the vertical descent of the hoisting structure, the unlocking part 235 acts on the locking mechanism 500 of the battery pack 40, so that the locking mechanism 500 moves from the predetermined locking position to the predetermined unlocking position, so as to unlock the battery pack 40; after the hoisting mechanism 230 releases the battery pack 40, the hoisting mechanism 230 vertically rises, the unlocking part 235 is separated from the locking mechanism 500 on the battery pack 40, the locking mechanism 500 returns to the predetermined locking position, and the battery pack 40 returns to the locked state. The above battery swap station top hoisting equipment 20 combines the locking and unlocking actions of the battery pack 40 in the vertical movement process of the hoisting mechanism 230, which improves the efficiency of the battery swap operation.

[0093] It should be noted that the cooperation mode of the unlocking part 235 and the locking mechanism 500 on the battery pack 40 can adopt the mode of physical contact, for example, using a tablet or a block as the unlocking part 235 to contact the locking mechanism 500, so that the locking mechanism 500 is switched between the unlocking state and the locking state by contacting and leaving the locking mechanism 500; similarly, the cooperation mode of the unlocking part 235 and the locking mechanism 500 can also adopt the mode of physical contact, for example, the locking mechanism 500 has a driving motor, under the action of the driving motor, the locking mechanism 500 can be switched between the unlocking state and the locking state, and the locking mechanism 500 also includes a magnetic induction device, which is electrically connected with the driving motor. The unlocking part 235 is a permanent magnet, when the permanent magnet approaches the magnetic induction device, the driving motor drives the locking mechanism 500 to move in the unlocking direction to unlock the battery pack 40; when the permanent magnet leaves the magnetic induction device, the driving motor drives the locking mechanism 500 to move in the locking direction and fixes the locking mechanism 500 at the locking position to lock the battery pack 40. Of course, the locking mechanism 500 can also use a light induction device instead of the magnetic induction device, and the unlocking part 235 is correspondingly changed or a light shield. When the light shield shields the light induction device, the driving motor drives the locking mechanism 500 to move in the unlocking direction to unlock the battery pack 40; when the light induction device is not shielded, the driving motor drives the locking mechanism 500 to move in the locking direction and fixes the locking mechanism 500 at the locking position to lock the battery pack 40.

[0094] In some other embodiments, when the hoisting mechanism 230 lifts the battery pack 40, the unlocking part 235 abuts against and pushes the locking mechanism 500 in the target battery pack 40 so that the locking mechanism 500 is in an unlocked state; when the hoisting mechanism 230 releases the battery pack 40, the unlocking part 235 disengages from the locking mechanism 500 so that the locking mechanism 500 returns to the locked state.

[0095] Specifically, such as Figure 10 As shown, the electric vehicle 30 is equipped with a mounting bracket 600, such as... Figure 11 The lower center of the battery pack 40 shown is recessed upwards to match the shape of the mounting bracket 600 so that the battery pack 40 can be mounted on the electric vehicle 30.

[0096] like Figures 10 to 14 As shown, a movable locking component 410 for detachably fixing the battery pack 40 to the electric vehicle 30 is also provided on the outside of the battery pack 40. The movable locking component 410 includes a pressure rod 51, a commutator plate 52, a pull rod 53, and a sliding locking device 41 connected in sequence. The first end of the pressure rod 51 is movably connected to one end of the commutator plate 52, and the first end of the pull rod 53 is movably connected to the other end of the commutator plate 52. The commutator plate 52 is rotatably connected to the outside of the battery pack 40, so that the pressure rod 51, the commutator plate 52, and the sliding locking device 41 are connected in sequence. The levers 53 are linked together, and the second end of the levers 53 is connected to the unlocking plate 413 of the sliding locking device 41. The unlocking plate 413 is provided with a sliding groove 414 that is inclined to the ground. From bottom to top, the sliding groove 414 gradually approaches the battery pack 40. The sliding locking device 41 also includes a locking pin 412. The first end of the locking pin 412 is used to abut against the fixed locking component 610 on the mounting bracket 600 on the electric vehicle 30. The second end of the locking pin 412 is slidably connected to the sliding groove 414.

[0097] In the above structure, the upper end of the pressure rod 51 is used to cooperate with the unlocking part 235 of the top-mounted equipment 20 of the battery swapping station to complete the unlocking and locking of the battery pack 40, as detailed below:

[0098] like Figure 12 and Figure 14 As shown, when no hoisting operation is being performed, the upper end of the pressure rod 51 is not subjected to external force, and the sliding locking device 41 moves vertically downward under the action of gravity. At this time, the locking pin 412 slides to the upper end of the slide groove 414, i.e. Figure 14 At the middle action position a, the unlocking plate 413 pushes out the locking pin 412 through the inner wall of the slide groove 414, so that the locking pin 412 enters the locking position, thereby the locking pin 412 abuts against the fixed locking component 610, and thus fixes the battery pack 40.

[0099] When the hoisting operation is performed, the battery pack 40 to be replaced is first removed, the moving mechanism 210 drives the battery swap station overhead crane 20 to move above the electric vehicle 30, the lifting mechanism 220 lowers the hoisting mechanism 230, and during the lowering of the hoisting mechanism 230, the unlocking part 235 abuts against the upper end of the pressure rod 51, and under the action of the gravity of the hoisting mechanism 230, the pressure rod 51 is pushed downward, the pressure rod 51 in turn drives the reversing plate 52 and the pull rod 53 to move, thereby driving the unlocking plate 413 to move vertically upward, at this time, the lock pin shaft 412 slides to the lower end of the sliding groove 414, i.e. the action position b in Figure 14 , the unlocking plate 413 pulls back the lock pin shaft 412 through the inner wall of the sliding groove 414, so that the lock pin shaft 412 exits the locking position, so that the lock pin shaft 412 no longer abuts against the fixed locking part 610, and the battery pack 40 is further unlocked. The hoisting mechanism 230 lifts the battery pack 40, and the battery pack 40 is lifted under the operation of the lifting mechanism 220. The battery swap station overhead crane 20 moves along the track 11 and places the replaced battery pack 40 to be replaced at the charging position for charging.

[0100] Subsequently, the installation operation of the full battery pack 40 is performed, the battery swap station overhead crane 20 moves above the full battery pack 40, the lifting mechanism 220 lowers the hoisting mechanism 230, and the unlocking part 235 abuts against the upper end of the pressure rod 51, at this time, the lock pin shaft 412 exits the locking position, the battery swap station overhead crane 20 moves the full battery pack 40 above the electric vehicle 30, the hoisting mechanism 230 is lowered and the battery pack 40 is placed on the installation bracket 600, and then the hoisting mechanism 230 is raised to release the battery pack 40. When the hoisting mechanism 230 is raised, the unlocking part 235 is raised together, the downward pressure of abutting against the upper end of the pressure rod 51 gradually decreases and finally disappears, and the sliding locking device 41 vertically moves downward under the action of gravity, i.e. the lock pin shaft 412 slides to the upper end of the sliding groove 414, the unlocking plate 413 pushes out the lock pin shaft 412 through the inner wall of the sliding groove 414, so that the lock pin shaft 412 enters the locking position, and the battery pack 40 is fixed.

[0101] It should be noted that, as shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13 , the lock pin shaft 412 can fix the battery pack 40 by abutting against the lower frame edge of the installation bracket 600; a second locking inclined surface 411 can also be arranged at the end of the lock pin shaft 412 facing the installation bracket 600, and a first locking inclined surface 611 can be arranged at the position of the installation bracket 600 relative to the second locking inclined surface 411, to provide positioning and guidance for the locking process of the lock pin shaft 412.

[0102] In the above scheme, when unlocked, the hoisting mechanism 230 vertically descends to grab the battery pack 40, the unlocking portion 235 abuts against and pushes the locking mechanism 500 downward under the gravity of the hoisting mechanism 230, so that the locking mechanism 500 exits the predetermined locking position, unlocking the battery pack 40; after the hoisting mechanism 230 releases the battery pack 40, the hoisting mechanism 230 vertically ascends, the unlocking portion 235 originally abutting against the locking mechanism 500 of the battery pack 40 moves upward with the hoisting mechanism 230, and finally leaves the locking mechanism 500, so that the locking mechanism 500 is no longer subjected to the pushing force, and the locking mechanism 500 enters the locking position, locking the battery pack 40. The above battery swap station top hoisting equipment 20 combines the locking and unlocking actions of the battery pack 40 in the vertical movement of the hoisting mechanism 230, not only improves the efficiency of the battery swap operation, but also provides the power required for unlocking by using the gravity of the hoisting mechanism 230 itself, without the need to provide an additional driving device for the unlocking portion, saving energy.

[0103] In other embodiments, as shown in Figures 4 to 6 The hoisting mechanism 230 includes a hoisting frame 231 and a connecting component 232, the hoisting frame 231 is used to be connected with the lifting mechanism 220, and the connecting component 232 is arranged on the hoisting frame 231 and used to mount the battery pack 40 to the hoisting frame 231.

[0104] Specifically, the hoisting mechanism 230 includes the hoisting frame 231, and the hoisting frame 231 is provided with the connecting hole and the connecting rope 227 movably connected, so that the hoisting frame 231 is located below the moving mechanism 210. The hoisting frame 231 is further provided with the connecting component 232, one end of the connecting component 232 is directed toward the direction of the battery pack 40, and the connecting component 232 is used to mount the battery pack 40 to the hoisting frame 231, for example, the connecting component 232 can detachably connect the upper battery pack support 491 of the battery pack support 490 (as shown in Figure 6 ), so as to hoist the battery pack 40.

[0105] In the above scheme, the hoisting frame 231 is arranged to form a stable basic structure, and the connecting component 232 is arranged on the hoisting frame 231 to detachably fix the battery pack 40, so as to conveniently complete the grabbing and releasing actions of the battery pack 40.

[0106] It should be noted that the connecting component 232 can include an angle lock or a hook, and the corresponding battery pack support 490 needs to be provided with a corresponding hole to cooperate with the grabbing and releasing action of the angle lock or the hook. For example, the hoisting mechanism 230 can be provided with a connecting rod, a connecting pin or the like, which is inserted into the preset fixing hole in the battery pack 40 in the horizontal direction to perform the grabbing action of the battery pack 40, and the hoisting mechanism 230 is withdrawn from the fixing hole to perform the releasing action of the battery pack 40. Similarly, the hoisting mechanism 230 can be provided with a hook that can rotate in the vertical direction, and the hook is rotated towards the battery pack 40 and fixed on the preset fixing part of the battery pack 40 to perform the grabbing action of the battery pack 40. The hook is rotated away from the battery pack 40 to perform the releasing action of the battery pack 40. Similarly, the hoisting mechanism 230 can also be provided with an angle lock device, and the battery pack 40 is provided with a waist-shaped hole structure corresponding to the position of the angle lock. The angle lock device is inserted into the waist-shaped hole structure and rotated in the horizontal direction to the locking position to perform the grabbing action of the battery pack 40. The angle lock device is rotated from the locking position to the initial position when entering the waist-shaped hole structure and exits the waist-shaped hole structure to perform the releasing action of the battery pack 40.

[0107] In other embodiments, the connecting component 232 includes a locking member, and the battery pack 40 is provided with a cooperating member corresponding to the position of the locking member 233. The locking member and the cooperating member cooperate to fix the battery pack 40 on the hoisting frame 231.

[0108] In the above scheme, by providing the locking member on the hoisting mechanism 230 and the cooperating member on the battery pack 40, the locking and unlocking actions of the locking member and the cooperating member can more conveniently complete the grabbing and releasing actions of the battery pack 40, and the locking member can avoid the battery pack 40 from being separated from the hoisting mechanism during movement, thereby improving the safety of battery replacement.

[0109] It should be noted that, as shown in Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 10 , the locking member is a protruding part 234 movably connected to the hoisting frame 231 and can rotate around the hoisting frame 231, and the cooperating member is a waist-shaped hole 492 provided on the battery pack support 490. As shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11As shown, the upper part of the battery pack support 490 is a battery pack upper support 491, and the first support, the middle support and the second support are sequentially arranged from one end to the other end of the battery pack upper support 491, and the first support, the middle support and the second support are connected below the battery pack upper support 491 by the fixing flanges and the high-strength bolts to form an integral structure, and the standard battery pack 401 is arranged in at least one of the first support, the middle support and the second support. The waist-shaped hole 492 is arranged in the battery pack upper support 491 of the upper part of the battery pack support 490. It should be noted that the battery pack upper support 491, the first support, the middle support and the second support can also be an integral structure.

[0110] When the hoisting mechanism 230 hoists the battery pack 40, the protruding part 234 is in the initial position, the hoisting mechanism descends to the position where the battery pack 40 is located, the protruding part 234 is inserted into the waist-shaped hole 492, the shape of the protruding part 234 can be T-shaped or L-shaped, and then is rotated to the locking position, the side arm extending in the lateral direction of the protruding part 234 is in contact with the inner wall of the battery pack upper support 491 at the width direction of the waist-shaped hole 492, so as to connect the hoisting frame 231 and the battery pack upper support 491 in a clamping manner to fix the battery pack support 490; when the hoisting mechanism 230 releases the battery pack 40, the protruding part 234 in the waist-shaped hole 492 is rotated from the locking position to the initial position, at this time, the protruding part 234 is separated from the clamping position and exits from the waist-shaped hole 492 following the rising of the hoisting mechanism 230, so as to disconnect the hoisting frame 231 and the battery pack 40 to release the battery pack 40.

[0111] It should be noted that the end face of the protruding part 234 facing the waist-shaped hole 492 can also be provided with a guide inclined surface to provide guidance and positioning when entering the waist-shaped hole 492.

[0112] In the above scheme, by the cooperation of the waist-shaped hole 492 and the protruding part 234 which can be rotated between the initial position and the clamping position, when the battery pack 40 is locked, the protruding part enters the waist-shaped hole 492 and is rotated to the locking position to complete the locking; when the battery pack 40 is unlocked, the protruding part is rotated from the locking position to the unlocking position and then exits from the waist-shaped hole 492. The locking device composed of the waist-shaped hole 492 and the protruding part 234 has a small size, and the locking and unlocking modes are simple and easy to produce.

[0113] In other embodiments, the hoisting mechanism 230 further comprises a first driving device and a first transmission device, the output end of the first driving device is connected to the first transmission device, and the first transmission device is movably connected with the locking part; the first driving device drives the first transmission device to drive the locking part to rotate.

[0114] In the above scheme, by setting the first driving device and the first transmission device, the first driving device is used to drive the locking member to rotate, so that the convex portion 234 follows the rotation to perform the locking and unlocking actions, and the battery pack 40 can be conveniently locked and unlocked by controlling the first driving device.

[0115] Preferably, as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7 , the first driving device can specifically include a first motor 243, and the first motor 243 is installed on the lifting frame 231; the first transmission device includes a connecting rod 244, and the connecting rod 244 is connected to the first motor 243 and the locking member.

[0116] In the above scheme, the first motor 243 and the connecting rod 244 connected to the output end of the motor are set, the connecting rod 244 is driven to move by the rotation of the first motor 243, so that the locking member follows the rotation, and the driving mode of the first motor 243 combined with the connecting rod 244 is easy to realize, the motor selection is rich, and the production and control production cost are easy to produce. It can be understood that in other embodiments, the first driving device and the first transmission device can also adopt other forms, as long as the rotation of the locking member is realized, which will not be described here.

[0117] More preferably, as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7 , the lifting frame 231 is rectangular, the number of locking members is four and is arranged at the vertex position of the lifting frame 231, and the number of first motors 243 is two and is arranged on the opposite sides of the rectangular lifting frame 231, the number of connecting rods 244 is also two and is arranged on the opposite sides of the rectangular lifting frame 231, close to and corresponding to the first motor 243, and the two ends of the connecting rod 244 are connected to one locking member respectively.

[0118] In the above scheme, by connecting two locking members 233 in one group on the rectangular frame, the locking and unlocking actions of the two locking members 233 can be kept synchronous, and a small number of motors are used to drive a plurality of locking members 233, which can further reduce the production cost.

[0119] In some other embodiments, the lifting mechanism 230 is also provided with a first guide device 250 for positioning with the battery pack 40 during lifting, specifically, as shown in Figure 6 , the first guide device 250 is arranged at the outer side of the lifting mechanism 230, and the battery pack 40 is provided with a first positioning portion for cooperating with the first guide device 250 to position and guide the movement of the lifting mechanism 230 to the battery pack 40.

[0120] In the above scheme, by setting the first guiding device 250 and the first positioning part in cooperation, a guiding effect is provided during the process of lowering the hoisting mechanism 230 to grab the battery pack 40, so that the hoisting mechanism 230 accurately reaches the preset position above the battery pack 40, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the grabbing operation.

[0121] Preferably, as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7 , the first guiding device 250 comprises a first guiding surface 251. The first guiding surface 251 is arranged in a direction towards the battery pack bracket 490, with its first end close to the hoisting frame 231, and its second end being an open end and facing the battery pack bracket 490, and the first guiding surface 251 is inclined outwardly to the outside of the battery pack bracket 490, i.e. the second end of the first guiding surface 251 is deflected outwardly, at this time the first positioning part is the battery pack bracket 490, and when the hoisting mechanism 230 is lowered to the battery pack 40, the hoisting mechanism 230 can slide in contact with the battery pack bracket 490 through the outwardly inclined first guiding surface 251 for positioning and guiding.

[0122] In the above scheme, when the hoisting mechanism 230 is lowered to grab the battery pack 40, the first guiding surface 251 on the first guiding device 250 is in sliding contact with the battery pack bracket 490, thereby providing a horizontal guiding effect, adjusting the horizontal relative position of the hoisting mechanism 230 and the battery pack 40, guiding the hoisting mechanism 230 to reach the predetermined hoisting position, and the structure directly utilizes the structure of the battery pack bracket 490, and by setting the first guiding surface 251 in sliding contact with the battery pack bracket 490, the horizontal guiding can be completed, and the structure is simple and easy to produce and manufacture.

[0123] More preferably, as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7 , the first positioning part is the battery pack upper frame 491, and the corresponding first guiding device 250 is arranged at the four corner positions of the hoisting frame 231, and by the sliding contact of the outer edge of the battery pack upper frame 491 with the first guiding surface 251, a more stable guiding effect is provided.

[0124] It should be noted that the first guiding device 250 can also be arranged at other positions of the side walls around the hoisting frame 231, for example, at the middle positions of each side wall, or first guiding devices 250 are arranged at both the middle positions of the side walls and the four corner positions respectively to provide a guiding effect.

[0125] In other embodiments, as shown in Figure 6As shown, the first guide device 250 is in plurality, and the hoisting frame 231 is in rectangular shape, and the plurality of first guide devices 250 are respectively arranged at the vertex positions of the rectangular hoisting frame 231. Specifically, for example, the first guide device 250 is eight, and one first guide device 250 is arranged on each of the adjacent two side walls of the vertex position of the hoisting frame.

[0126] In the above scheme, the first guide device 250 is installed at each vertex position of the rectangular hoisting frame 231, which can set the distance between the guide devices as large as possible, thereby providing a larger guide moment and better completing the horizontal guiding process through the battery pack support 490.

[0127] In other embodiments, as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7 The hoisting mechanism 230 is also provided with a second guide device 218, and the second guide device 218 is arranged at the upper part of the hoisting mechanism 230, i.e. towards the moving mechanism 210, and the moving mechanism 210 is provided with a second positioning part, which cooperates with the second guide device 218 to guide and position the hoisting mechanism 230 when moving towards the moving mechanism 210.

[0128] In the above scheme, when the hoisting mechanism 230 is driven by the lifting mechanism 220 to approach the moving mechanism 210, the second guide device 218 arranged at the upper part of the hoisting mechanism 230 cooperates with the second positioning part arranged in the moving mechanism 210 to complete the horizontal guiding of the hoisting mechanism 230 and the moving mechanism 210, so that the hoisting mechanism 230 can be accurately moved to the predetermined position of the moving mechanism 210, and the hoisting mechanism 230 can be kept stable when the moving mechanism 210 drives the hoisting mechanism 230 to move, without shaking or displacement.

[0129] Preferably, as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 9 The moving mechanism 210 is provided with a first middle beam 212 at the middle position of the inside, and the second guide device 218 further comprises a second guide surface 219. The second guide surface 219 is arranged in the direction towards the first middle beam 212, the first end of which is close to the hoisting frame 231, and the second end is an open end and faces the first middle beam 212, and the second guide surface 219 is inclined to the outside of the first middle beam 212, i.e. the second end of the second guide surface 219 is deflected to the outside of the first middle beam 212. Through such a structure, the second guide surface 219 can cooperate with the first middle beam 212, and when the hoisting mechanism 230 moves towards the moving mechanism 210, the hoisting mechanism 230 can slide and contact the first middle beam 212 through the inclined second guide surface 219 for positioning and guiding.

[0130] In the above scheme, when the lifting mechanism 230 rises, the second guide surface 219 of the second guide device 218 slides in contact with the first middle beam 212 in the moving mechanism 210, the horizontal relative position of the lifting mechanism 230 and the moving mechanism 210 is adjusted, the lifting mechanism 230 is guided to move to a predetermined position, and the structure directly utilizes the structure of the first middle beam 212 in the moving mechanism 210, and the horizontal guidance can be completed by setting the second guide surface 219 in sliding contact therewith, so that the structure is simple and easy to produce and manufacture.

[0131] More preferably, as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 9 The lifting mechanism 230 is further provided with a second middle beam 222, the second middle beam 222 is arranged at a middle position inside the lifting mechanism 230 and is arranged opposite to the first middle beam 212, and the second guide device 218 is arranged on the second middle beam 222.

[0132] Specifically, as shown in Figure 6 The inside middle position of the lifting mechanism 230 can be provided with two second middle beams 222 in parallel, correspondingly, the inside middle position of the moving mechanism 210 is provided with two first middle beams 212 corresponding to the positions of the two second middle beams 222, and the second guide device 218 is arranged on the opposite sides of the two second middle beams 222, so that the second guide device 218 can be positioned and guided from the opposite sides of the two first middle beams 212.

[0133] In the above scheme, by arranging the second middle beam 222 on the lifting mechanism 230 and arranging the second guide device 218 on the second middle beam 222, the inside space of the lifting mechanism 230 can be reasonably utilized.

[0134] It should be noted that the second guide device 218 can also be a guide taper pin arranged on the second middle beam 222, the guide taper pin is arranged towards the first middle beam 212, correspondingly, the second positioning portion is a positioning hole arranged in the first middle beam 212 corresponding to the guide taper pin, and the guide taper pin and the positioning hole cooperate to position and guide the moving mechanism 210 and the lifting mechanism 220.

[0135] In other embodiments, the moving mechanism 210 further comprises a second driving device and a second transmission device, the output end of the second driving device is connected to the second transmission device, the output end can comprise a transmission shaft, the transmission shaft is directly connected to the second rotating device, or the transmission shaft is connected to the second rotating device through a gear and a chain, and the second transmission device is in sliding connection with the track 11 of the battery swap station 10; the second driving device drives the second transmission device to drive the battery swap station top lifting equipment 20 to move on the track 11.

[0136] In the above scheme, by setting a second driving device and a second transmission device, the second driving device provides power to drive the second transmission device to rotate, thereby facilitating the movement of the moving mechanism 210 on the track 11.

[0137] Preferred, such as Figure 5 As shown, the second drive device may include a second motor 216, and the second transmission device may include a track wheel 217. The second motor 216 is connected to the track wheel 217 to drive the moving mechanism 210 to move on the track 11.

[0138] In the above scheme, by setting a second motor 216 and a track wheel 217 connected to the output end of the second motor 216, the rotation of the second motor 216 drives the track wheel 217 to rotate, thereby causing the moving mechanism 210 to move on the track 11. The track wheel 217 can be located on an open track 11 or inside a closed track 11. This driving method of the second motor 216 combined with the track wheel 217 is easy to implement, has a wide range of motor options, and is easy to manufacture and control production costs. It is understood that in other embodiments, the second driving device and the second transmission device can also take other forms, as long as they achieve movement on the track 11, which will not be elaborated here.

[0139] In some other embodiments, the lifting mechanism 220 further includes a third drive device and a third transmission device. The output end of the third drive device is connected to the third transmission device, and the third transmission device is connected to the hoisting mechanism 230. The third drive device drives the third transmission device to move the hoisting mechanism 230.

[0140] In the above scheme, by setting a third drive device and a third transmission device, the third drive device provides power to drive the third transmission device to rotate, thereby facilitating the lifting mechanism 230 to be raised and lowered.

[0141] Preferred, such as Figure 5 As shown, the third drive device may include a third motor 223, and the third transmission device 225 may include a pulley block 226 and a connecting rope 227. The connecting rope 227 is supported by the pulley block 226, and the first end of the connecting rope 227 is connected to the third motor 223, and the second end is connected to the hoisting frame 231.

[0142] In the above scheme, a third motor 223 and a connecting rope 227 connected to the third motor 223 are provided, and a pulley block 226 is provided to carry the connecting rope 227. By winding the connecting rope 227 in different directions, the lifting mechanism 230 is driven to rise and fall. This connection structure is easy to manufacture, and there is a wide range of motor options available. It is understood that in other embodiments, the second drive device and the second transmission device can also take other forms, as long as they achieve the lifting and falling of the lifting mechanism 230, which will not be elaborated here.

[0143] Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment also provides a battery swap station 10, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 The battery swap station 10 comprises a main frame 15 and the battery swap station top hoisting device 20 of any one of the above embodiments, wherein the main frame 15 is provided with a track 11 installed above the ground support 12 to maintain a certain height from the ground, and the battery swap station top hoisting device 20 is movably arranged on the track 11.

[0144] The main frame 15 is provided with a battery swap area 16 and a charging area 17 below, when the battery swap operation is performed, the electric vehicle 30 drives into and stops in the battery swap area 16, and the battery swap station top hoisting device 20 is used to transfer the battery pack 40 between the charging area 17 and the electric vehicle 30.

[0145] In the above scheme, the battery swap station 10 is provided with the track 11 arranged on the main frame 15, and the battery swap station top hoisting device 20 which can move along the track 11 is arranged on the track 11, when the electric vehicle 30 performs the battery swap operation, the battery swap station top hoisting device 20 removes the battery pack 40 to be replaced from above the electric vehicle 30, and then installs the available battery pack 40 in the battery swap station from above the electric vehicle 30, not only the battery swap operation is convenient and fast, but also the battery pack 40 can be installed above the electric vehicle 30, so that the battery pack 40 is far away from the ground, which is more suitable for the use scene of the electric agricultural operation vehicle.

[0146] In other embodiments, as shown in Figure 10 The upper part of the electric vehicle 30 is provided with a mounting bracket 600, the battery pack 40 is provided with a locking mechanism 500, the locking mechanism 500 cooperates with the mounting bracket 600 to realize the detachable connection between the battery pack 40 and the mounting bracket 600, and the battery swap station top hoisting device 20 in the battery swap station 10 is provided with an unlocking part 235, the unlocking part 235 acts on the locking mechanism 500 of the battery pack 40 to switch the locking mechanism 500 between the unlocked state and the locked state.

[0147] In the above scheme, by arranging the mounting bracket 600 on the upper portion of the electric vehicle 30, when the battery pack 40 is hoisted from top to bottom onto the battery pack 40 mounting bracket 600, the battery pack 40 is mounted on the upper portion of the electric vehicle 30 by the battery pack 40 mounting bracket 600, so that the battery pack 40 has better levelness after being mounted on the battery pack 40 mounting bracket 600, thereby stably abutting on the bracket body and not easy to overturn when the electric vehicle 30 is running, and the stability is good. At the same time, by cooperating the locking mechanism 500 with the mounting bracket 600, the battery pack 40 is firmly fixed on the mounting bracket 600. When the battery pack 40 is removed, the unlocking part 235 acts on the locking mechanism 500, so that the locking mechanism 500 is unlocked from the locking position, and the battery pack 40 can be conveniently unlocked and separated from the mounting bracket 600.

[0148] In other embodiments, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the charging area 17 is also provided with a mounting bracket 600 which has the same structure as the mounting bracket 600 arranged on the electric vehicle 30. The top hoisting equipment 20 of the battery swap station is used to transfer the battery pack 40 between the mounting bracket 600 in the charging area 17 and the mounting bracket 600 on the electric vehicle 30, that is, to hoist the battery pack 400 to be replaced from the mounting bracket 600 on the electric vehicle 30 to the idle mounting bracket 600 in the charging area 17, and to hoist the available battery pack 400 in the charging area 17 from the mounting bracket 600 in the charging area 17 to the mounting bracket 600 on the electric vehicle 30.

[0149] In the above scheme, by arranging the mounting bracket 600 in the charging area which has the same structure as the mounting bracket 600 on the electric vehicle 30, due to the consistency of the structure, it is beneficial to mass-produce the mounting bracket 600, saving research and development time and production cost.

[0150] In other embodiments, as shown in Figure 2 , the battery swap station 10 is provided with a first top hoisting equipment 21 and a second top hoisting equipment 22. In order to cooperate with the above two top hoisting equipments, the charging area 17 of the battery swap station 10 includes at least two charging stations, and the charging stations are respectively arranged on both sides of the battery swap area 16. The first top hoisting equipment 21 and the second top hoisting equipment 22 are also respectively arranged on both sides of the battery swap area 16, and the top hoisting equipment on the side where there is an idle charging station is the first top hoisting equipment 21. Therefore, the first top hoisting equipment 21 is the top hoisting equipment for hoisting the battery pack 40 to the idle charging station, that is, the first top hoisting equipment 21 is used to transfer the battery pack 40 to be replaced on the electric vehicle 30 to the idle charging station. In order to cooperate with the first top hoisting equipment 21, the second top hoisting equipment 22 is used to transfer the available battery pack 40 in the charging station to the electric vehicle 30.

[0151] In the above scheme, two overhead hoisting devices are provided, one of which is responsible for removing the battery pack 40 to be replaced from the electric vehicle 30 and moving the battery pack 40 to the idle charging station for charging operation, and the other is responsible for grabbing the available battery pack 40 in the battery swap station and installing the battery pack 40 on the electric vehicle 30. The two overhead hoisting devices operate simultaneously, which is beneficial to further improve the efficiency of battery swap.

[0152] Embodiment 2

[0153] Embodiment 2 discloses another specific implementation of the overhead hoisting device of the battery swap station. Based on Embodiment 1, in order to hoist battery packs 40 of different lengths, the hoisting frame 231 has a telescopic function. For example, the hoisting frame 231 is of a split structure, and the frame beams on the opposite sides of the hoisting frame 231 along the length direction of the battery pack 40 each include a first frame beam and a second frame beam that are telescopically arranged. The first frame beam is provided with a first connecting hole, and the second frame beam is provided with a plurality of second connecting holes at different positions in the horizontal direction. The first connecting hole is connected with any one of the second connecting holes by a bolt. By using the bolt to fix the first connecting hole with the second connecting hole at different positions, the length of the first frame beam and the second frame beam can be adjusted, so that the length of the hoisting frame 231 is adjustable, thereby being able to adapt to battery packs 40 of different lengths. It should be noted that the length direction of the first frame beam and the second frame beam is the same as the length direction of the battery pack 40.

[0154] In other specific implementations, hydraulic telescopic devices can also be provided on the frame beams on the opposite sides of the hoisting frame 231 to adjust the length of the frame beams on the opposite sides. Details are not described herein.

[0155] Based on the same inventive concept, the present embodiment also provides a battery swap station, which is provided with the overhead hoisting device of the battery swap station as described above. The installation position and manner of the overhead hoisting device of the battery swap station are the same as those of Embodiment 1, and details are not described herein.

[0156] Embodiment 3

[0157] Embodiment 3 discloses another specific implementation of the overhead hoisting device of the battery swap station. Based on Embodiment 1 or 2, in order to install battery packs of different widths, the hoisting frame 231 also has a telescopic function along the width direction of the battery pack 40. Specifically, the frame beams on the opposite sides of the hoisting frame 231 along the width direction of the battery pack 40 each include a third frame beam and a fourth frame beam that are telescopically arranged. Similarly to Embodiment 2, the length of the side of the frame can be adjusted by a hydraulic telescopic device, a bolt, and connecting holes provided on the third frame beam and the fourth frame beam, respectively, so as to adapt to hoist battery packs 40 of different widths.

[0158] Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment also provides a battery swap station, wherein the battery swap station is installed with the battery swap station top-hoisting device as described above, and the installation position and manner of the battery swap station top-hoisting device are the same as those of the embodiment 1, which will not be described herein again.

[0159] The electric vehicles in the foregoing embodiments 1-3 can include electric tractors, electric harvesters, electric rice transplanter, and other electric agricultural vehicles.

[0160] Each of the embodiments in the specification is described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. Each of the embodiments focuses on the difference from other embodiments. In particular, for the method embodiments described later, the description is relatively simple because the method embodiments are corresponding to the system embodiments, and the relevant parts can be referred to the description of the system embodiments.

[0161] The above merely describes the specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of the changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery swap station top-hoist device, characterized by, The mobile mechanism, the lifting mechanism, and the hoisting mechanism are included. The mobile mechanism is slidingly installed on a track of the battery swap station to move along the track. The hoisting mechanism is movably installed below the mobile mechanism by the lifting mechanism, and the lifting mechanism drives the hoisting mechanism to move in the direction of approaching or moving away from the mobile mechanism. The hoisting mechanism is used for hoisting the battery pack, and the hoisting mechanism is provided with an unlocking part corresponding to the locking mechanism of the battery pack.

2. The battery swap station top-hoist device of claim 1, wherein, The locking mechanism is used for locking the battery pack at a preset position of the electric vehicle, and the unlocking part acts on the locking mechanism to switch the locking mechanism between the unlocking state and the locking state.

3. The battery swap station top-hoist device of claim 1, wherein, When the hoisting mechanism hoists the battery pack, the unlocking part abuts and pushes the locking mechanism in the battery pack to make the locking mechanism in the unlocking state.

4. The battery swap station top-hoist device of claim 3, wherein, When the hoisting mechanism releases the battery pack, the unlocking part is separated from the contact with the locking mechanism to make the locking mechanism return to the locking state.

5. The battery swap station top-hoist device of claim 4, wherein, The hoisting mechanism includes a hoisting frame and a connecting part. The connecting part includes a locking piece, and the battery pack is provided with a matching piece at a position corresponding to the locking piece.

6. The battery swap station top-hoist device of claim 5, wherein, The matching piece is a waist-shaped hole opened on a battery pack support, and the locking piece is a rotatable protruding part.

7. The battery swap station top-hoist device of claim 6, wherein, When the hoisting mechanism hoists the battery pack, the protruding part in the initial position is inserted into the waist-shaped hole and rotated to the locking position to connect the hoisting frame and the battery pack support.

8. The battery swap station top-hoist device of claim 7, wherein, When the hoisting mechanism releases the battery pack, the locking piece is rotated to the initial position and exits the waist-shaped hole to disconnect the hoisting frame and the battery pack. The hoisting mechanism further includes a first driving device and a first transmission device.

9. The battery swap station top-hoist device of claim 1, wherein, The first driving device includes a first motor, and the first transmission device includes a connecting rod. The hoisting frame is rectangular, and the number of locking pieces is four, which are respectively arranged at the vertex positions of the rectangular hoisting frame. The number of first motors and connecting rods is two, and the two connecting rods are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the rectangular hoisting frame. The hoisting mechanism is further provided with a first guide device. The battery pack is provided with a first positioning part. The first positioning part cooperates with the first guide device to position and guide the movement of the hoisting mechanism to the battery pack.

10. The battery swap station top-hoist device of claim 9, wherein, The first positioning part is a battery pack support; the first guide device comprises a first guide surface, which is inclined to the outside of the battery pack support in a direction towards the battery pack support.

11. The battery swap station top-hoist apparatus of claim 9, wherein, The number of first guide devices is multiple, and the lifting frame is rectangular, and the multiple first guide devices are respectively arranged at the vertex positions of the rectangular lifting frame.

12. The battery swap station top-hoist device of claim 1, wherein, The lifting mechanism is further provided with a second guide device, which is arranged on the upper part of the lifting mechanism. The moving mechanism is provided with a second positioning part, which cooperates with the second guide device to position and guide the movement of the lifting mechanism to the moving mechanism.

13. The battery swap station top-hoist device of claim 12, wherein, The second positioning part is a first middle beam of the moving mechanism; the second guide device comprises a second guide surface, which is inclined to the outside of the first middle beam in a direction towards the first middle beam.

14. The battery swap station top-hoist device of claim 13, wherein, The lifting mechanism is further provided with a second middle beam, which is arranged opposite to the first middle beam.

15. The battery swap station top-hoist apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The moving mechanism further comprises a second driving device and a second transmission device, the output end of the second driving device is connected to the second transmission device, and the second transmission device is in sliding connection with the track of the battery swap station; the second driving device drives the second transmission device to drive the battery swap station overhead crane equipment to move on the track.

16. The battery replacement station top-hoist apparatus of claim 15, wherein, The second driving device comprises a second motor, and the second transmission device comprises a track wheel.

17. The battery swap station top-hoist apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The lifting mechanism further comprises a third driving device and a third transmission device, the output end of the third driving device is connected to the third transmission device, and the third transmission device is connected with the lifting mechanism; the third driving device drives the third transmission device to drive the lifting mechanism to move.

18. The battery replacement station top-hoist device of claim 17, wherein, The third driving device comprises a third motor, and the third transmission device comprises a pulley block and a connecting rope.

19. A battery swap station, characterized by, The battery swap station overhead crane equipment comprises a main frame and a battery swap station overhead crane equipment as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 18, and the main frame is provided with a track, and the battery swap station overhead crane equipment is movably arranged on the track. The main frame is provided below with a battery swap area and a charging area, the electric vehicle is located in the battery swap area, and the battery swap station overhead crane equipment is used to transfer the battery pack between the charging area and the electric vehicle.

20. The battery swapping station of claim 19, wherein, The upper part of the electric vehicle is provided with a vehicle end mounting bracket, the locking mechanism of the battery pack cooperates with the mounting bracket to realize the detachable connection between the battery pack and the mounting bracket, and the unlocking part of the battery swap station overhead crane equipment acts on the locking mechanism of the battery pack to switch the locking mechanism between the unlocking state and the locking state.

21. The battery swapping station of claim 20, wherein, The charging area is also provided with the mounting bracket, and the battery swap station overhead crane equipment is used to transfer the battery pack between the station end mounting bracket of the charging area and the vehicle end mounting bracket on the electric vehicle.

22. The battery swapping station of claim 19, wherein, The charging area includes at least two charging stations, and the charging stations are respectively arranged on both sides of the battery swap area; the top hoisting equipment of the battery swap station includes first top hoisting equipment and second top hoisting equipment, and the first top hoisting equipment and the second top hoisting equipment are respectively arranged on both sides of the battery swap area, and the top hoisting equipment on the side where there is an idle charging station is the first top hoisting equipment. The first top hoisting equipment is used to transfer the battery pack to be replaced on the electric vehicle to the idle charging station, and the second top hoisting equipment is used to transfer the available battery pack in the charging station to the electric vehicle.

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