A water-based lubricant for ultra-precision lapping of bearing ring raceways and its preparation method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a water-based lubricant for superfinishing grinding of bearing ring raceways and a preparation method thereof, relating to the technical field of lubricating oils. The water-based lubricant of the present invention comprises raw materials in the following weight percentages: 10-15% surfactant, 7-10% polyethylene glycol, 5-8% lauryl laurate, 2-5% lubricant, 1-5% aluminum corrosion inhibitor, 0.01-0.05% defoamer, the balance being water, and the sum of the components of each raw material is 100%. The water-based grease prepared in this application has functions such as lubrication, anti-wear, rust prevention and environmental friendliness. When used in bearing rings, it can reduce the bearing friction coefficient, increase the cooling rate and enhance the lubricity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of lubricating oils, and in particular to a water-based lubricant for ultra-finishing grinding of a bearing ring groove and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Bearing raceway superfinishing technology originated in 1934. Numerous experiments have demonstrated a correlation between noise and lifespan in rotating parts of automobiles and trains. Superfinishing bearing raceways can reduce roughness, helping to mitigate bearing noise. Bearing noise is partially caused by physical damage and chemical corrosion in the raceways. These defects create gaps between the balls and the raceways, ultimately leading to bearing failure. In bearing raceway superfinishing, honing, with its high removal volume and short cycle times, is replacing internal grinding. Once a polishing process, honing has evolved into a highly efficient finishing process, improving raceway geometry, stress variations, and micro-quality control, while also removing residual stresses generated by drilling, reaming, and internal grinding. Honing is a fast and efficient internal bore finishing process with a wide range of applications.

[0003] From a metalworking perspective, honing is a type of grinding. During the workpiece machining process, the grinding speed and instantaneous temperature are much higher than during cutting, and chip removal is more difficult. Only a small portion of the heat generated during machining is carried away by the chips, unlike during cutting, where the majority is carried away by the chips. To minimize workpiece heating during honing, ensure that the working surface is not fully penetrated, that chips and loose abrasive particles are removed promptly, and that chemical corrosion of the ferrule grooves and steel balls is prevented, that the surface roughness is refined, and that built-up edge is prevented, lubricating and cooling media must be applied during honing. The lubricating and cooling media used during honing is called honing oil. With the advancement of honing technology and the expansion of its application areas, internal cylindrical grinding has gradually been replaced by high-precision honing. The introduction of a large number of imported honing machines and the emergence of domestically produced honing machines have led to a growing demand for the corresponding honing oils, which are favored by users.

[0004] The choice of honing fluid can impact the success of the honing process. Sometimes, improper selection of honing process parameters or the wrong oilstone type can lead to high workpiece temperatures and a darkened appearance. A honing lubricant with excellent cooling properties can correct this undesirable condition. However, the discharge of large amounts of metalworking waste fluids is causing increasingly serious ecological pollution. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a water-based lubricant for ultra-finishing the groove of a bearing ring and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the following technical problems:

[0006] The existing lubricating oil has poor cooling performance, and the honing workpiece lubricated with it tends to turn black in appearance at high temperatures.

[0007] The object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0008] A water-based lubricant for superfinishing grinding of bearing ring raceways, the lubricant comprising raw materials in the following weight percentages:

[0009] Surfactant 10 - 15%

[0010] Polyethylene glycol 7 - 10%

[0011] Dodecyl laurate 5 - 8%

[0012] Additive 2 - 5%

[0013] Aluminum corrosion inhibitor 1 - 5%

[0014] Defoamer 0.01 - 0.05%

[0015] Water balance, and the sum of each raw material component is 100%.

[0016] As a further scheme of the present invention: the surfactant is any one of oleic acid, linoleic acid, and fatty acid.

[0017] As a further scheme of the present invention: the defoamer is an organosilicon type defoamer.

[0018] As a further scheme of the present invention: the aluminum corrosion inhibitor is organosiloxanone.

[0019] As a further scheme of the present invention: the preparation method of the additive comprises the following steps:

[0020] A1: Put stearic acid and triethanolamine into a reaction kettle, then add hypophosphorous acid and stir while heating, raise the temperature to 80 - 90°C, pass nitrogen and in a nitrogen atmosphere, raise the temperature to 180 - 190°C, and keep warm for 3 - 6 h to obtain an intermediate;

[0021] A2: Put the intermediate, maleic anhydride, and p-toluenesulfonic acid into the reaction kettle, raise the temperature to 90 - 95°C, lower the temperature to 70 - 75°C, add boric acid, adjust the pH to 6 - 7, adjust the temperature to 70 - 80°C, and keep warm for 1 - 3 h to obtain the additive.

[0022] As a further scheme of the present invention: in A1, the mass ratio of stearic acid, triethanolamine, and hypophosphorous acid is 50 - 60:30 - 60:2 - 3.

[0023] As a further scheme of the present invention: in A2, the mass ratio of the intermediate, maleic anhydride, p-toluenesulfonic acid, and boric acid is 30 - 50:10 - 15:0.15 - 0.3:5 - 8.

[0024] As a further solution of the present invention: The specific steps for adjusting the pH to 6 - 7 are as follows: Add 10 - 20wt% NaOH aqueous solution to adjust the pH to 6 - 7.

[0025] A preparation method of a water - based lubricant for super - finishing grinding of bearing raceway grooves includes the following steps:

[0026] Weigh the raw materials according to the weight percentages of each raw material. Add the lubricant, surfactant, aluminum corrosion inhibitor, and defoamer to water in sequence, mix them evenly. Then continue to add polyethylene glycol and lauryl laurate, mix them evenly, heat up to 50 - 60 °C, and keep warm for 0.5 - 1 h under stirring conditions to obtain the lubricant.

[0027] The beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0028] The present invention uses stearic acid and triethanolamine as raw materials, hypophosphorous acid as a catalyst, and removes water under nitrogen protection for an esterification reaction to obtain an intermediate; then uses maleic anhydride to esterify the intermediate, and finally uses boric acid for modification to obtain an additive. The additive prepared in this application is an excellent water - based lubricating anti - wear additive. The borate ester with anti - wear, lubricating, rust - proof, and anti - corrosion functions is used as a water - based extreme pressure anti - wear agent, endowing the lubricant with the functions of lubrication, anti - wear, rust - proof, and environmental friendliness. The lubricant of the present invention has a special chemical ester oil combination ratio, which reduces the friction coefficient, improves the cooling rate, and enhances the lubricity. It can improve the geometric accuracy and stress change of the bearing raceway. Solve the problems of physical damage and chemical corrosion of the raceway. Specific embodiments

[0029] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] The preparation method of the additive includes the following steps:

[0032] A1: Put 50 g of stearic acid and 30 g of triethanolamine into the reaction kettle, then add 2 g of hypophosphorous acid, heat and stir, heat up to 80 °C, pass nitrogen, and under the nitrogen atmosphere, heat up to 180 °C, and keep warm for 3 h to obtain the intermediate;

[0033] A2: Put 30 g of the intermediate, 10 g of maleic anhydride, and 0.15 g of p - toluenesulfonic acid into the reaction kettle, heat up to 90 °C, cool down to 70 °C, add 5 g of boric acid, add 10wt% NaOH aqueous solution to adjust the pH to 6, adjust the temperature to 70 °C, and keep warm for 1 h to obtain the additive.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] The preparation method of the additive comprises the following steps:

[0036] A1: Put 55 g of stearic acid and 40 g of triethanolamine into a reaction kettle, then add 2.5 g of hypophosphorous acid, heat and stir, raise the temperature to 85 °C, pass nitrogen, and under a nitrogen atmosphere, raise the temperature to 185 °C, keep warm for 5 h to obtain an intermediate;

[0037] A2: Put 40 g of the intermediate, 12 g of maleic anhydride, and 0.2 g of p-toluenesulfonic acid into the reaction kettle, raise the temperature to 90 °C, lower the temperature to 75 °C, add 6 g of boric acid, add 10 wt% NaOH aqueous solution to adjust the pH to 6, adjust the temperature to 75 °C, keep warm for 2 h to obtain the additive.

[0038] Example 3

[0039] The preparation method of the additive comprises the following steps:

[0040] A1: Put 60 g of stearic acid and 60 g of triethanolamine into a reaction kettle, then add 3 g of hypophosphorous acid, heat and stir, raise the temperature to 90 °C, pass nitrogen, and under a nitrogen atmosphere, raise the temperature to 190 °C, keep warm for 6 h to obtain an intermediate;

[0041] A2: Put 50 g of the intermediate, 15 g of maleic anhydride, and 0.3 g of p-toluenesulfonic acid into the reaction kettle, raise the temperature to 95 °C, lower the temperature to 75 °C, add 8 g of boric acid, add 10 wt% NaOH aqueous solution to adjust the pH to 6, adjust the temperature to 80 °C, keep warm for 3 h to obtain the additive.

[0042] Example 4

[0043] A preparation method of a water-based lubricant for superfinishing grinding of bearing raceway grooves comprises the following steps:

[0044] S1: Weigh 15 g of fatty acid, 8 g of polyethylene glycol, 8 g of lauryl laurate, 5 g of the additive prepared in Example 1, 3 g of organosiloxanone, 0.03 g of organosilicon defoamer, and 60.97 g of water;

[0045] S2: Add the additive, surfactant, aluminum corrosion inhibitor, and defoamer to water in sequence, mix evenly, continue to add polyethylene glycol and lauryl laurate, mix evenly, raise the temperature to 50 - 60 °C, and keep warm for 0.5 - 1 h under stirring conditions to obtain the lubricant.

[0046] Example 5

[0047] A preparation method of a water-based lubricant for superfinishing grinding of bearing raceway grooves comprises the following steps:

[0048] S1: Weigh 15 g of fatty acid, 8 g of polyethylene glycol, 8 g of lauryl laurate, 5 g of the additive prepared in Example 2, 3 g of silicone oxanone, 0.03 g of silicone defoamer, and 60.97 g of water;

[0049] S2: Add the additive, surfactant, aluminum corrosion inhibitor, and defoamer to water in sequence, mix evenly, then continue to add polyethylene glycol and lauryl laurate, mix evenly, heat up to 50 - 60 °C, and keep warm for 0.5 - 1 h under stirring conditions to obtain the lubricant.

[0050] Example 6

[0051] A preparation method of a water-based lubricant for superfinishing the raceway of a bearing ring includes the following steps:

[0052] S1: Weigh 15 g of fatty acid, 8 g of polyethylene glycol, 8 g of lauryl laurate, 5 g of the additive prepared in Example 3, 3 g of silicone oxanone, 0.03 g of silicone defoamer, and 60.97 g of water;

[0053] S2: Add the additive, surfactant, aluminum corrosion inhibitor, and defoamer to water in sequence, mix evenly, then continue to add polyethylene glycol and lauryl laurate, mix evenly, heat up to 50 - 60 °C, and keep warm for 0.5 - 1 h under stirring conditions to obtain the lubricant.

[0054] Comparative Example 1

[0055] Compared with Example 4, in this comparative example, only the added additive is removed, and the other components and preparation method are exactly the same.

[0056] Comparative Example 2

[0057] The preparation method of the additive includes the following steps:

[0058] Put 50 g of octadecanoic acid and 30 g of triethanolamine into a reaction kettle, then add 2 g of hypophosphorous acid, heat and stir, heat up to 80 °C, pass nitrogen, and under the nitrogen atmosphere, heat up to 180 °C, keep warm for 3 h to obtain the additive.

[0059] Comparative Example 3

[0060] Compared with Example 4, in this comparative example, only the added additive is replaced with the additive prepared in Comparative Example 2 in equal amount, and the other components and preparation method are exactly the same.

[0061] Performance testing

[0062] (1) Damp heat rust prevention performance: Test according to GB / T 2361 - 80, using 45# steel, and the test results are shown in Table 1;

[0063] (2)Anti-wear and friction reduction performance: Detection was carried out in accordance with GB / T 3142-82. The anti-wear and friction reduction performance of the lubricating greases prepared in Examples 4-6 and Comparative Examples 1 and 3 was detected using an MMW-1 four-ball friction and wear testing machine manufactured by Jinan Testing Machine Factory. The experimental conditions were as follows: room temperature (20 °C), rotational speed 1450 r / min, test time 30 min; the contact form of the friction pair was point contact, and the steel balls used were second-grade GCrl5 standard steel balls (AlSI-52100) produced by Shanghai Steel Ball Factory, with a diameter of 12.7 mm and a hardness of HRC59-61. The friction coefficient was automatically recorded and calculated by the computer, and the detection results are shown in Table 1;

[0064] On an MS-10 four-ball friction testing machine produced by Xiamen Tianji Automation Co., Ltd., the maximum non-seizure load (PB value) and seizure load (PD value) were measured in accordance with GBT12583-1998 (same as ASTM D2783). The experimental conditions were as follows: rotational speed 1760 r / min, test time 10 s, and the detection results are shown in Table 1;

[0065]

[0066] As can be seen from Table 1, the lubricant prepared in this application has anti-corrosion and excellent anti-wear and friction reduction properties.

[0067] One embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above, but the content described is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention and cannot be considered as limiting the scope of implementation of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made within the scope of the application of the present invention shall still fall within the scope covered by the patent of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water-based lubricant for ultra-finishing of bearing ring grooves, characterized in that: The lubricant comprises raw materials in the following weight percentages: Surfactant 10 - 15% Polyethylene glycol 7 - 10% Dilauryl laurate 5 - 8% Additive 2 - 5% Aluminum corrosion inhibitor 1 - 5% Defoamer 0.01 - 0.05% Water the balance, and the sum of the components of each raw material is 100%; The preparation method of the additive comprises the following steps: A1: Put stearic acid and triethanolamine into a reaction kettle, then add hypophosphorous acid and stir while heating. Raise the temperature to 80 - 90 °C, pass nitrogen, and in a nitrogen atmosphere, raise the temperature to 180 - 190 °C, and keep warm for 3 - 6 h to obtain an intermediate; A2: Put the intermediate, maleic anhydride, and p-toluenesulfonic acid into the reaction kettle, raise the temperature to 90 - 95 °C, then lower the temperature to 70 - 75 °C, add boric acid, adjust the pH to 6 - 7, adjust the temperature to 70 - 80 °C, and keep warm for 1 - 3 h to obtain the additive.

2. A water-based lubricant for ultra-finishing of bearing ring grooves according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surfactant is any one of oleic acid, linoleic acid, and fatty acid.

3. The water-based lubricant for superfinishing grinding of the bearing ring raceway according to claim 1, wherein The defoamer is a silicone defoamer.

4. The water-based lubricant for superfinishing grinding of bearing ring raceways according to claim 1, wherein The aluminum corrosion inhibitor is silicone oxanone.

5. The water-based lubricant for superfinishing grinding of bearing raceway according to claim 1, characterized in that, In A1, the mass ratio of stearic acid, triethanolamine, and hypophosphorous acid is 50 - 60:30 - 60:2 - 3.

6. The water-based lubricant for ultra-finishing of bearing ring grooves according to claim 1, characterized in that: In A2, the mass ratio of the intermediate, maleic anhydride, p-toluenesulfonic acid, and boric acid is 30 - 50:10 - 15:0.15 - 0.3:5 - 8.

7. A preparation method of a water-based lubricant for ultra-precision grinding of a bearing ring raceway according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Comprises the following steps: Weigh the raw materials according to the weight percentages of each raw material. Add the additive, surfactant, aluminum corrosion inhibitor, and defoamer to water in sequence, mix evenly, then continue to add polyethylene glycol and dilauryl laurate, mix evenly, raise the temperature to 50 - 60 °C, and keep warm for 0.5 - 1 h under stirring conditions to obtain the lubricant.

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