A method and system for predicting welding deformation of a large structural member

Abstract

The application discloses a large structural part welding deformation prediction method and system, which comprises the following steps: collecting welding deformation data of a large structural part, and inputting the welding deformation data into a welding deformation database; based on the welding deformation data, a welding deformation simulation process of a welding joint finite element model is carried out, and a simulation inherent deformation parameter F k is obtained; the inherent deformation parameter G k is updated, and the welding deformation simulation process of the welding joint finite element model is iterated repeatedly until a ratio of the simulation inherent deformation parameter F k to the inherent deformation parameter G k is within a set range Q; the inherent deformation parameter G k and corresponding welding test conditions and a welding joint form are taken as inherent deformation data and are input into the welding deformation database; the inherent deformation data is corrected, so that the collection accuracy of the inherent deformation data is ensured; the inherent deformation data in the welding deformation database is called to carry out welding simulation on the structural part finite element model, welding deformation nephograms of the structural part are obtained, and quick and accurate deformation prediction of current large structural part welding is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of welding deformation prediction technology, specifically relating to a method and system for predicting welding deformation of large structural components. Background Technology

[0002] The welding of large structural components is frequently involved in the construction machinery industry. These components typically have numerous welds, large dimensions, and variable cross-sections. Due to uneven heating and cooling during the welding process, residual stress and deformation are unavoidable. Welding deformation affects forming accuracy, which in turn impacts the local strength and stability of the structural components, reducing product performance. Therefore, significant manpower, resources, and time are required for post-weld straightening of the structural components. In some cases, welded components cannot be straightened to meet production requirements, greatly impacting production efficiency and costs. Effectively controlling welding deformation has become a pressing issue for engineers.

[0003] With the development of numerical simulation technology, technicians have applied it to the simulation and prediction of welding deformation. Currently, the main methods for predicting welding deformation are the thermo-elastic-plastic finite element method and the inherent strain method. The thermo-elastic-plastic finite element method has accurate calculation results, but it is too time-consuming and has low computational efficiency for large structural components, which cannot meet the requirements of product design cycle.

[0004] The inherent strain method is a finite element analysis method based on elasticity theory. It obtains the inherent strain of the welded joint and applies it as an initial load to the entire weld for an elastic calculation, thereby obtaining the welding deformation and residual stress of the entire structure. Therefore, it has very high computational efficiency. However, it has technical challenges such as difficulty in measuring inherent strain parameters and low measurement accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method and system for predicting welding deformation of large structural components, which solves the technical problems of long prediction cycle, difficulty in measuring inherent strain parameters, and low measurement accuracy of current large structural component welding deformation prediction.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the first aspect of the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for predicting welding deformation of large structural components, comprising:

[0007] Based on the structural component to be predicted, a finite element model of the structural component is established. The inherent deformation data in the welding deformation database is retrieved to perform welding simulation on the finite element model of the structural component, and the welding deformation cloud map of the structural component is obtained.

[0008] The process of obtaining the inherent deformation data in the welding deformation database is as follows:

[0009] Welding tests were conducted by varying the welding test conditions and the type of welded joint. In each test, multiple test plates were welded together to form the welded joint. Welding deformation data for each test was recorded. Based on this deformation data, the inherent deformation parameters of the test plates were calculated. ;

[0010] A finite element model of the welded joint was established based on shell elements in the welding test; based on the inherent deformation parameters... Welding deformation simulation was performed on the finite element model of the welded joint to obtain welding deformation simulation data; based on the welding deformation simulation data, the simulation inherent deformation parameters of the welded test plate were calculated. ;

[0011] If the simulation inherent deformation parameters With inherent deformation parameters The ratio is outside the set range Q, based on the simulation inherent deformation parameters. For inherent deformation parameters The process of updating and iterating the welding deformation simulation of the finite element model of the welded joint is repeated until the inherent deformation parameters are simulated. With inherent deformation parameters When the ratio is within the set range Q, the inherent deformation parameters will be... The corresponding welding test conditions and weld joint types are recorded as inherent deformation data in the welding deformation database.

[0012] Preferably, the welding test conditions include the thickness of the welding test plate, welding method, welding material, filler material, welding position, welding current, welding voltage, and welding speed.

[0013] Preferably, the welding joint types include butt joints, T-joints, and lap joints.

[0014] Preferably, when the welded joint in the welding test is a butt joint, the inherent deformation parameters of the welded test plate are calculated based on the welding deformation data. The methods include:

[0015] When the welding joint in the welding test is a welded plate and welding plate When forming a butt joint, the welding plate and welding plate Six measurement points, evenly distributed in a 2×3 matrix, are set up on the top, denoted as measurement points. , Measurement point Measurement points and measurement points Set to the same row and set on the welding plate The side away from the mating joint; measuring point Measurement points and measurement points Set to the same row and set on the welding plate The side closest to the mating joint; measuring point Measurement points and measurement points Set to the same row and set on the welding plate The side closest to the mating joint; measuring point Measurement points and measurement points Set to the same row and set on the welding plate The side away from the butt joint; the welding deformation data includes measurement points before and after welding. Position coordinates;

[0016] When the welded joint in the welding test is a butt joint, the inherent deformation parameters Includes inherent lateral contraction Inherent longitudinal contraction Inherent lateral bending and inherent longitudinal bending The inherent deformation parameters The calculation formulas are as follows:

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[0018] In the formula, Indicated as measurement points before welding The initial x-coordinate, Indicated as measurement points before welding The initial ordinate, Indicated as the measurement point after welding deformation x-coordinate Indicated as the measurement point after welding deformation The deformed ordinate, This is represented by the measurement point after welding deformation. Measurement points and measurement points The chord length corresponding to the fitted curve This is represented by the measurement point after welding deformation. Measurement points and measurement points The chord length corresponding to the fitted curve For any measurement point after welding deformation Displacement in the z-axis direction; This refers to the width of the mating joint.

[0019] Preferably, when the weld joint in the welding test is a T-joint, the inherent deformation parameters of the weld test plate are calculated based on the welding deformation data. The methods include:

[0020] When the welding joint in the welding test is a welded plate and welding plate When forming a T-joint, the welding plate The welding plate is set as the base plate. The welded plate is designated as the web. Welded to welding plate The middle position; the measuring point on the T-shaped connector is recorded as the measuring point. , Among them, measurement points To the measurement point and measurement points and measurement points Set on the welding plate Measurement points Measurement points Measurement points Measurement points and measurement points With measurement point Measurement points Measurement points Measurement points and measurement points Symmetrically arranged on the welding plate Both sides; the measurement points and measurement points Set on the welding plate and welding plate Weld joint; the measurement point To the measurement point Set on the welding plate superior;

[0021] When the welded joint in the welding test is a T-joint, the inherent deformation parameters Including inherent lateral shrinkage of the base plate The inherent longitudinal shrinkage of the base plate The base plate has inherent lateral bending. The base plate has inherent longitudinal bending. The inherent transverse contraction of the web The inherent longitudinal contraction of the web The web has inherent transverse curvature. and inherent longitudinal curvature of the web The calculation formulas are as follows:

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[0041] In the formula, Indicated as measurement points before welding The initial x-coordinate, Indicated as measurement points before welding The initial ordinate, Indicated as the measurement point after welding deformation x-coordinate Indicated as measurement point after welding The deformed ordinate, where b represents the measurement point. and Measurement points and Measurement points and The average distance between them in the Y direction. The value of b is expressed as the change in the value of b after welding, and L represents the measurement point. and Measurement points and The average distance between the X-direction components, ΔL represents the weld plate after welding. The change in L, where B represents the width of the T-joint. This refers to the welded plate after welding. The deformation on the left side in the Z direction. Represented as welded plate The deformation on the right side in the Z direction. Represented as measurement point and Measurement points and The average distance between them in the Y direction. Represented as measurement point and Measurement points and The average distance between points in the Y direction, where H represents the web height, ΔH represents the shrinkage of the web height after welding, and c represents the lateral displacement of the top of the web after welding. This refers to the welded plate after welding. The change in L.

[0042] Preferably, when the weld joint in the welding test is a lap joint, the inherent deformation parameters of the weld test plate are calculated based on the welding deformation data. The methods include:

[0043] The welded joint in the welding test was a welded plate. and welding plate When forming a lap joint, the welding plate and welding plate Six measurement points, evenly distributed in a 2×3 matrix, are set up on the top, denoted as measurement points. , Measurement point Measurement points and measurement points Set to the same row and set on the welding plate The side away from the lap joint; measuring point Measurement points and measurement points Set to the same row and set on the welding plate The side closest to the lap joint; measuring point Measurement points and measurement points Set to the same row and set on the welding plate The side closest to the lap joint; measuring point Measurement points and measurement points Set to the same row and set on the welding plate The side away from the lap joint; the welding deformation data includes measurement points before and after welding. Position coordinates;

[0044] When the welded joint in the welding test is a lap joint, the inherent deformation parameters Includes inherent lateral contraction Inherent longitudinal contraction Inherent lateral bending Inherent longitudinal bending Inherent lateral contraction Inherent longitudinal contraction Inherent lateral bending and inherent longitudinal bending The calculation formulas are as follows:

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[0054] In the formula, Indicated as measurement points before welding The initial x-coordinate, Indicated as measurement points before welding The initial ordinate, Indicated as measurement point after welding x-coordinate Indicated as measurement point after welding The deformed ordinate, For any measurement point Displacement in the z-axis direction; The length of the lap joint. This refers to the overlap width of the joint. Represented as welded plate and welding plate The thickness.

[0055] Preferably, based on simulated inherent deformation parameters For inherent deformation parameters The methods for performing updates include:

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[0057] In the formula, It is represented as the inherent deformation parameter after the (k+1)th update iteration.

[0058] Preferably, the simulation inherent deformation parameters With inherent deformation parameters The ratio is set within a range of Q, from 0.9 to 1.1.

[0059] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a system for predicting welding deformation of large structural components, comprising:

[0060] The welding deformation prediction module is used to establish a finite element model of the structural component based on the structural component to be predicted, retrieve the inherent deformation data in the welding deformation database to perform welding simulation on the finite element model of the structural component, and obtain the welding deformation cloud map of the structural component.

[0061] The test data acquisition module is used to conduct welding tests by changing the welding test conditions and the welding joint form, wherein the welding test involves welding multiple welding test plates to form the welding joint, and to record the welding deformation data corresponding to each welding test; and to calculate the inherent deformation parameters of the welding test plates based on the welding deformation data. ;

[0062] The calculation module is used to establish a finite element model of the weld joint in the welding test based on shell elements; and to calculate the model based on the inherent deformation parameters. Welding deformation simulation was performed on the finite element model of the welded joint to obtain welding deformation simulation data; based on the welding deformation simulation data, the simulation inherent deformation parameters of the welded test plate were calculated. ;

[0063] The iteration module is used to simulate inherent deformation parameters. With inherent deformation parameters The ratio is outside the set range Q, based on the simulation inherent deformation parameters. For inherent deformation parameters The process of updating and iterating the welding deformation simulation of the finite element model of the welded joint is repeated until the inherent deformation parameters are simulated. With inherent deformation parameters When the ratio is within the set range Q, the inherent deformation parameters will be... The corresponding welding test conditions and weld joint types are recorded as inherent deformation data in the welding deformation database.

[0064] Preferably, the welding test conditions include the thickness of the welding test plate, welding method, welding material, filler material, welding position, welding current, welding voltage, and welding speed.

[0065] Preferably, the welding joint types include butt joints, T-joints, and lap joints.

[0066] Preferably, based on simulated inherent deformation parameters For inherent deformation parameters The methods for performing updates include:

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[0068] In the formula, It is represented as the inherent deformation parameter after the (k+1)th update iteration.

[0069] Preferably, the simulation inherent deformation parameters With inherent deformation parameters The ratio is set within a range of Q, from 0.9 to 1.1.

[0070] In a third aspect, the present invention provides an electronic device including a storage medium and a processor; the storage medium is used to store instructions; the processor is used to operate according to the instructions to perform the method described in the first aspect.

[0071] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows:

[0072] If the present invention simulates the inherent deformation parameters With inherent deformation parameters The ratio is outside the set range Q, based on the simulation inherent deformation parameters. For inherent deformation parameters The process of updating and iterating the welding deformation simulation of the finite element model of the welded joint is repeated until the inherent deformation parameters are simulated. With inherent deformation parameters When the ratio is within the set range Q, the inherent deformation parameters will be... The corresponding welding test conditions and welding joint forms are recorded as inherent deformation data in the welding deformation database. By correcting the inherent deformation data, the accuracy of the inherent deformation data acquisition is ensured. A finite element model of the structural component is established based on the structural component to be predicted. The inherent deformation data in the welding deformation database is retrieved to perform welding simulation on the finite element model of the structural component, and the welding deformation cloud map of the structural component is obtained, so as to realize the rapid and accurate deformation prediction of the welding of current large structural components. Attached Figure Description

[0073] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method for predicting welding deformation of large structural components provided in Example 1;

[0074] Figure 2 This is a comparative schematic diagram of the welding joint type provided in Example 1;

[0075] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the calculation model of the mating joint provided in Example 1;

[0076] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the dimensional calculation model of the T-shaped connector provided in Example 1;

[0077] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the test point distribution of the T-shaped connector provided in Example 1;

[0078] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the calculation model of the lap joint provided in Example 1;

[0079] Figure 7 This is a flowchart of the inherent deformation data correction provided in Example 1;

[0080] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of the large structural component welding deformation prediction system provided in Example 2. Detailed Implementation

[0081] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0082] It should be noted that in the description of this invention, the terms "front," "rear," "left," "right," "upper," "lower," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and do not require the invention to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation; therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. The terms "front," "rear," "left," "right," "upper," and "lower" used in the description of this invention refer to the directions shown in the accompanying drawings, while the terms "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward or away from the geometric center of a specific component, respectively.

[0083] Example 1

[0084] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, a method for predicting welding deformation of large structural components includes...

[0085] Using Hypermesh software, a finite element model of the structural component is established based on the structural component to be predicted. Each component in the finite element model is assigned material elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio and thickness attributes. Constraints are applied to the model based on the actual situation. The inherent deformation data in the welding deformation database is retrieved to perform welding simulation on the finite element model of the structural component and obtain the welding deformation cloud map of the structural component.

[0086] The process of obtaining the inherent deformation data in the welding deformation database is as follows:

[0087] Welding tests were conducted by varying the welding test conditions and the type of welded joint. In each welding test, multiple test plates were welded together to form the welded joint, and welding deformation data for each test was recorded. The welding test conditions included the thickness of the test plate, welding method, welding material, filler material, welding position, welding current, welding voltage, and welding speed. Figure 2 As shown, the welded joint types include butt joints, T-joints, and lap joints; when the welded joint type in the welding test is a butt joint, the inherent deformation parameters of the welded test plate are calculated based on the welding deformation data. The methods include:

[0088] like Figure 3 As shown, when the weld joint in the welding test is a welded plate and welding plate When forming a butt joint, the welding plate and welding plate Six measurement points, evenly distributed in a 2×3 matrix, are set up on the top, denoted as measurement points. , Measurement point Measurement points and measurement points Set to the same row and set on the welding plate The side away from the mating joint; measuring point Measurement points and measurement points Set to the same row and set on the welding plate The side closest to the mating joint; measuring point Measurement points and measurement points Set to the same row and set on the welding plate The side closest to the mating joint; measuring point Measurement points and measurement points Set to the same row and set on the welding plate The side away from the butt joint; the welding deformation data includes measurement points before and after welding. The location coordinates; recommended dimensions for welding tests of butt joint plates are shown in Table 1.

[0089] Table 1 Recommended Dimensions for Butt Joint Plate Welding Tests

[0090]

[0091] When the welded joint in the welding test is a butt joint, the inherent deformation parameters Includes inherent lateral contraction Inherent longitudinal contraction Inherent lateral bending and inherent longitudinal bending The inherent deformation parameters The calculation formulas are as follows:

[0092]

[0093] In the formula, Indicated as measurement points before welding The initial x-coordinate, Indicated as measurement points before welding The initial ordinate, Indicated as the measurement point after welding deformation x-coordinate Indicated as the measurement point after welding deformation The deformed ordinate, This is represented by the measurement point after welding deformation. Measurement points and measurement points The chord length corresponding to the fitted curve This is represented by the measurement point after welding deformation. Measurement points and measurement points The chord length corresponding to the fitted curve For any measurement point after welding deformation Displacement in the z-axis direction; This refers to the width of the mating joint.

[0094] like Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, when the weld joint in the welding test is a T-joint, the inherent deformation parameters of the weld test plate are calculated based on the welding deformation data. The methods include:

[0095] When the welding joint in the welding test is a welded plate and welding plate When forming a T-joint, the welding plate The welding plate is set as the base plate. The welded plate is designated as the web. Welded to welding plate The middle position; the measuring point on the T-shaped connector is recorded as the measuring point. , Among them, measurement points To the measurement point and measurement points and measurement points Set on the welding plate Measurement points Measurement points Measurement points Measurement points and measurement points With measurement point Measurement points Measurement points Measurement points and measurement points Symmetrically arranged on the welding plate Both sides; the measurement points and measurement points Set on the welding plate and welding plate Weld joint; the measurement point To the measurement point Set on the welding plate Above; as shown in Table 2, the relevant parameters for welding tests of T-joint plates are defined and the recommended dimensions are provided.

[0096] Table 2 Definitions and Recommended Dimensions for Welding Tests of T-Joint Plates

[0097]

[0098] When the welded joint in the welding test is a T-joint, the inherent deformation parameters Including inherent lateral shrinkage of the base plate The inherent longitudinal shrinkage of the base plate The base plate has inherent lateral bending. The base plate has inherent longitudinal bending. The inherent transverse contraction of the web The inherent longitudinal contraction of the web The web has inherent transverse curvature. and inherent longitudinal curvature of the web The calculation formulas are as follows:

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[0118] In the formula, Indicated as measurement points before welding The initial x-coordinate, Indicated as measurement points before welding The initial ordinate, Indicated as the measurement point after welding deformation x-coordinate Indicated as measurement point after welding The deformed ordinate, where b represents the measurement point. and Measurement points and Measurement points and The average distance between them in the Y direction. The value of b is expressed as the change in the value of b after welding, and L represents the measurement point. and Measurement points and The average distance between the X-direction components, ΔL represents the weld plate after welding. The change in L, where B represents the width of the T-joint. This refers to the welded plate after welding. The deformation on the left side in the Z direction. Represented as welded plate The deformation on the right side in the Z direction. Represented as measurement point and Measurement points and The average distance between them in the Y direction. Represented as measurement point and Measurement points and The average distance between points in the Y direction, where H represents the web height, ΔH represents the shrinkage of the web height after welding, and c represents the lateral displacement of the top of the web after welding. This refers to the welded plate after welding. The change in L.

[0119] like Figure 6 As shown, when the weld joint in the welding test is a lap joint, the inherent deformation parameters of the weld test plate are calculated based on the welding deformation data. The methods include:

[0120] When the welding joint in the welding test is a welded plate and welding plate When forming a lap joint, the welding plate and welding plate Six measurement points, evenly distributed in a 2×3 matrix, are set up on the top, denoted as measurement points. , Measurement point Measurement points and measurement points Set to the same row and set on the welding plate The side away from the lap joint; measuring point Measurement points and measurement points Set to the same row and set on the welding plate The side closest to the lap joint; measuring point Measurement points and measurement points Set to the same row and set on the welding plate The side closest to the lap joint; measuring point Measurement points and measurement points Set to the same row and set on the welding plate The side away from the lap joint; the welding deformation data includes measurement points before and after welding. The location coordinates; recommended dimensions for welding tests of lap joint plates are shown in Table 3.

[0121] Table 3 Recommended dimensions for lap joint plate welding tests

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[0123] When the welded joint in the welding test is a lap joint, the inherent deformation parameters Includes inherent lateral contraction Inherent longitudinal contraction Inherent lateral bending Inherent longitudinal bending Inherent lateral contraction Inherent longitudinal contraction Inherent lateral bending and inherent longitudinal bending The calculation formulas are as follows:

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[0133] In the formula, Indicated as measurement points before welding The initial x-coordinate, Indicated as measurement points before welding The initial ordinate, Indicated as measurement point after welding x-coordinate Indicated as measurement point after welding The deformed ordinate, For any measurement point Displacement in the z-axis direction; The length of the lap joint. This refers to the overlap width of the joint. Represented as welded plate and welding plate The thickness;

[0134] like Figure 7 As shown, a finite element model of the welded joint in the welding test is established based on shell elements; according to the inherent deformation parameters... Welding deformation simulation was performed on the finite element model of the welded joint to obtain welding deformation simulation data. In this implementation, the welding deformation prediction software JWRIAN was used to simulate the welding deformation of the finite element model of the welded joint. Based on the welding deformation simulation data, the simulation inherent deformation parameters of the welded test plate were calculated. ;

[0135] If the simulation inherent deformation parameters With inherent deformation parameters The ratio is outside the set range Q, based on the simulation inherent deformation parameters. For inherent deformation parameters The methods for performing updates include:

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[0137] In the formula, It is represented as the inherent deformation parameter after the (k+1)th update iteration.

[0138] Repeat the welding deformation simulation process on the finite element model of the welded joint iteratively until the inherent deformation parameters are simulated. With inherent deformation parameters When the ratio is within the set range Q, the inherent deformation parameters will be... The corresponding welding test conditions and weld joint types are entered into the welding deformation database as inherent deformation data; the inherent deformation parameters are simulated. With inherent deformation parameters The ratio is set within a range of Q, from 0.9 to 1.1; based on the simulation's inherent deformation parameters. For inherent deformation parameters Iteration is performed to eliminate errors introduced by experimental measurements and to achieve the inherent deformation parameters. High-precision acquisition.

[0139] Based on the inherent strain method, shell elements are used to predict the welding deformation of large structural components. Compared with the welding deformation simulation based on thermo-elastic-plastic finite element method, the prediction time is reduced from days to hours, and the computational efficiency is significantly improved. Compared with the welding deformation simulation based on the inherent strain method of solid elements, the model preprocessing work is simplified, reducing the requirements for simulation personnel. By inputting the high-precision joint inherent deformation parameters obtained based on this invention, high-precision and high-efficiency prediction of welding deformation of large structural components can be achieved.

[0140] By continuously expanding the welding deformation database through this method, designers can conveniently access the data at any time during the product design cycle to obtain welding deformation cloud maps. Based on the welding deformation cloud maps, they can obtain the deformation trend and magnitude and determine the key welding positions. Anti-deformation or constraint measures can be applied at the key positions. The welding simulation results can guide product design and can replace most process tests, thereby effectively shortening the design cycle and saving product development costs.

[0141] Example 2

[0142] like Figure 8 As shown, a welding deformation prediction system for large structural components is provided in this embodiment. The system can apply the method described in Embodiment 1, and the control method includes:

[0143] The welding deformation prediction module is used to establish a finite element model of the structural component based on the structural component to be predicted, retrieve the inherent deformation data in the welding deformation database to perform welding simulation on the finite element model of the structural component, and obtain the welding deformation cloud map of the structural component.

[0144] The experimental data acquisition module is used to conduct welding tests by changing the welding test conditions and the type of welding joint, wherein the welding test involves welding multiple test plates to form the welding joint, and the module records the welding deformation data corresponding to each welding test; the welding test conditions include the thickness of the test plate, welding method, welding material, filler material, welding position, welding current, welding voltage, and welding speed; the welding joint types include butt joints, T-joints, and lap joints; and the module is based on simulated inherent deformation parameters. For inherent deformation parameters The methods for performing updates include:

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[0146] In the formula, It is represented as the inherent deformation parameter after the (k+1)th update iteration.

[0147] The calculation module is used to establish a finite element model of the weld joint in the welding test based on shell elements; and to calculate the model based on the inherent deformation parameters. Welding deformation simulation was performed on the finite element model of the welded joint to obtain welding deformation simulation data; based on the welding deformation simulation data, the simulation inherent deformation parameters of the welded test plate were calculated. ;

[0148] The iteration module is used to simulate inherent deformation parameters. With inherent deformation parameters The ratio is outside the set range Q, based on the simulation inherent deformation parameters. For inherent deformation parameters The process of updating and iterating the welding deformation simulation of the finite element model of the welded joint is repeated until the simulation of the inherent deformation parameters is reached. With inherent deformation parameters When the ratio is within the set range Q, the inherent deformation parameters will be... The corresponding welding test conditions and weld joint types are entered into the welding deformation database as inherent deformation data; the simulated inherent deformation parameters are then used to simulate the inherent deformation parameters. With inherent deformation parameters The ratio is set within a range of Q, from 0.9 to 1.1.

[0149] Example 3

[0150] The electronic device includes a storage medium and a processor; the storage medium is used to store instructions; the processor is used to operate according to the instructions to execute the method described in Embodiment 1.

[0151] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for predicting welding deformation of large structural components, characterized in that, include Based on the structural component to be predicted, a finite element model of the structural component is established. The inherent deformation data in the welding deformation database is retrieved to perform welding simulation on the finite element model of the structural component, and the welding deformation cloud map of the structural component is obtained. The process of obtaining the inherent deformation data in the welding deformation database is as follows: Welding tests were conducted by varying the welding test conditions and the type of welded joint. In each test, multiple test plates were welded together to form the welded joint. Welding deformation data for each test was recorded. Based on this deformation data, the inherent deformation parameters of the test plates were calculated. ; A finite element model of the welded joint was established based on shell elements in the welding test; based on the inherent deformation parameters... Welding deformation simulation was performed on the finite element model of the welded joint to obtain welding deformation simulation data; based on the welding deformation simulation data, the simulation inherent deformation parameters of the welded test plate were calculated. ; If the simulation inherent deformation parameters With inherent deformation parameters The ratio is outside the set range Q, based on the simulation inherent deformation parameters. For inherent deformation parameters The process of updating and iterating the welding deformation simulation of the finite element model of the welded joint is repeated until the inherent deformation parameters are simulated. With inherent deformation parameters When the ratio is within the set range Q, the inherent deformation parameters will be... The corresponding welding test conditions and weld joint types are recorded as inherent deformation data in the welding deformation database.

2. The method for predicting welding deformation of large structural components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The welding test conditions include the thickness of the welding test plate, welding method, welding material, filler material, welding position, welding current, welding voltage, and welding speed.

3. The method for predicting welding deformation of large structural components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The types of welded joints include butt joints, T-joints, and lap joints.

4. The method for predicting welding deformation of large structural components according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the welded joint in the welding test is a butt joint, the inherent deformation parameters of the welded test plate are calculated based on the welding deformation data. The methods include: When the welding joint in the welding test is a welded plate and welding plate When forming a butt joint, the welding plate and welding plate Six measurement points, evenly distributed in a 2×3 matrix, are set up on the top, denoted as measurement points. , Measurement point Measurement points and measurement points Set to the same row and set on the welding plate The side away from the mating joint; measuring point Measurement points and measurement points Set to the same row and set on the welding plate The side closest to the mating joint; measuring point Measurement points and measurement points Set to the same row and set on the welding plate The side closest to the mating joint; measuring point Measurement points and measurement points Set to the same row and set on the welding plate The side away from the butt joint; the welding deformation data includes measurement points before and after welding. Position coordinates; When the welded joint in the welding test is a butt joint, the inherent deformation parameters Includes inherent lateral contraction Inherent longitudinal contraction Inherent lateral bending and inherent longitudinal bending The inherent deformation parameters The calculation formulas are as follows: ； ； ； ； ； In the formula, Indicated as measurement points before welding The initial x-coordinate, Indicated as measurement points before welding The initial ordinate, Indicated as the measurement point after welding deformation x-coordinate Indicated as the measurement point after welding deformation The deformed ordinate, This is represented by the measurement point after welding deformation. Measurement points and measurement points The chord length corresponding to the fitted curve This is represented by the measurement point after welding deformation. Measurement points and measurement points The chord length corresponding to the fitted curve For any measurement point after welding deformation Displacement in the z-axis direction; This refers to the width of the mating joint.

5. The method for predicting welding deformation of large structural components according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the weld joint in the welding test is a T-joint, the inherent deformation parameters of the weld test plate are calculated based on the welding deformation data. The methods include: When the welding joint in the welding test is a welded plate and welding plate When forming a T-joint, the welding plate The welding plate is set as the base plate. The welded plate is designated as the web. Welded to welding plate The middle position; the measuring point on the T-shaped connector is recorded as the measuring point. , Among them, measurement points To the measurement point and measurement points and measurement points Set on the welding plate Measurement points Measurement points Measurement points Measurement points and measurement points With measurement point Measurement points Measurement points Measurement points and measurement points Symmetrically arranged on the welding plate Both sides; the measurement points and measurement points Set on the welding plate and welding plate Weld joint; the measurement point To the measurement point Set on the welding plate superior; When the welded joint in the welding test is a T-joint, the inherent deformation parameters Including inherent lateral shrinkage of the base plate The inherent longitudinal shrinkage of the base plate The base plate has inherent lateral bending. The base plate has inherent longitudinal bending. The inherent transverse contraction of the web The inherent longitudinal contraction of the web The web has inherent transverse curvature. and inherent longitudinal curvature of the web The calculation formulas are as follows: ； ； ； ； ； ； ； ； ； ； ； ； ； ； ； ； ； ； ； In the formula, Indicated as measurement points before welding The initial x-coordinate, Indicated as measurement points before welding The initial ordinate, Indicated as the measurement point after welding deformation x-coordinate Indicated as measurement point after welding The deformed ordinate, where b represents the measurement point. and Measurement points and Measurement points and The average distance between them in the Y direction. The value of b is expressed as the change in the value of b after welding, and L represents the measurement point. and Measurement points and The average distance between the X-direction components, ΔL represents the weld plate after welding. The change in L, where B represents the width of the T-joint. This refers to the welded plate after welding. The deformation on the left side in the Z direction. Represented as welded plate The deformation on the right side in the Z direction. Represented as measurement point and Measurement points and The average distance between them in the Y direction. Represented as measurement point and Measurement points and The average distance between points in the Y direction, where H represents the web height, ΔH represents the shrinkage of the web height after welding, and c represents the lateral displacement of the top of the web after welding. This refers to the welded plate after welding. The change in L.

6. The method for predicting welding deformation of large structural components according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the weld joint in the welding test is a lap joint, the inherent deformation parameters of the weld test plate are calculated based on the welding deformation data. The methods include: When the welding joint in the welding test is a welded plate and welding plate When forming a lap joint, the welding plate and welding plate Six measurement points, evenly distributed in a 2×3 matrix, are set up on the top, denoted as measurement points. , Measurement point Measurement points and measurement points Set to the same row and set on the welding plate The side away from the lap joint; measuring point Measurement points and measurement points Set to the same row and set on the welding plate The side closest to the lap joint; measuring point Measurement points and measurement points Set to the same row and set on the welding plate The side closest to the lap joint; measuring point Measurement points and measurement points Set to the same row and set on the welding plate The side away from the lap joint; the welding deformation data includes measurement points before and after welding. Position coordinates; When the welded joint in the welding test is a lap joint, the inherent deformation parameters Includes inherent lateral contraction Inherent longitudinal contraction Inherent lateral bending Inherent longitudinal bending Inherent lateral contraction Inherent longitudinal contraction Inherent lateral bending and inherent longitudinal bending The calculation formulas are as follows: ； ； ； ； ； ； ； ； ； ； In the formula, Indicated as measurement points before welding The initial x-coordinate, Indicated as measurement points before welding The initial ordinate, Indicated as measurement point after welding x-coordinate Indicated as measurement point after welding The deformed ordinate, For any measurement point Displacement in the z-axis direction; The length of the lap joint. This refers to the overlap width of the joint. Represented as welded plate and welding plate The thickness.

7. The method for predicting welding deformation of large structural components according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on simulated inherent deformation parameters For inherent deformation parameters The methods for performing updates include: ； In the formula, It is represented as the inherent deformation parameter after the (k+1)th update iteration.

8. The method for predicting welding deformation of large structural components according to claim 1, characterized in that, Simulation of inherent deformation parameters With inherent deformation parameters The ratio is set within a range of Q, from 0.9 to 1.

1.

9. A system for predicting welding deformation of large structural components, characterized in that, include: The welding deformation prediction module is used to establish a finite element model of the structural component based on the structural component to be predicted, retrieve the inherent deformation data in the welding deformation database to perform welding simulation on the finite element model of the structural component, and obtain the welding deformation cloud map of the structural component. The test data acquisition module is used to conduct welding tests by changing the welding test conditions and the welding joint form, wherein the welding test involves welding multiple welding test plates to form the welding joint, and to record the welding deformation data corresponding to each welding test; and to calculate the inherent deformation parameters of the welding test plates based on the welding deformation data. ; The calculation module is used to establish a finite element model of the weld joint in the welding test based on shell elements; and to calculate the model based on the inherent deformation parameters. Welding deformation simulation was performed on the finite element model of the welded joint to obtain welding deformation simulation data; based on the welding deformation simulation data, the simulation inherent deformation parameters of the welded test plate were calculated. ; The iteration module is used to simulate inherent deformation parameters. With inherent deformation parameters The ratio is outside the set range Q, based on the simulation inherent deformation parameters. For inherent deformation parameters The process of updating and iterating the welding deformation simulation of the finite element model of the welded joint is repeated until the simulation of the inherent deformation parameters is reached. With inherent deformation parameters When the ratio is within the set range Q, the inherent deformation parameters will be... The corresponding welding test conditions and weld joint types are recorded as inherent deformation data in the welding deformation database.

10. The large structural component welding deformation prediction system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The welding test conditions include the thickness of the welding test plate, welding method, welding material, filler material, welding position, welding current, welding voltage, and welding speed.

11. The large structural component welding deformation prediction system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The types of welded joints include butt joints, T-joints, and lap joints.

12. The large structural component welding deformation prediction system according to claim 9, characterized in that, Based on simulated inherent deformation parameters For inherent deformation parameters The methods for performing updates include: ； In the formula, It is represented as the inherent deformation parameter after the (k+1)th update iteration.

13. The large structural component welding deformation prediction system according to claim 9, characterized in that, Simulation of inherent deformation parameters With inherent deformation parameters The ratio is set within a range of Q, from 0.9 to 1.

1.

14. An electronic device comprising a storage medium and a processor; the storage medium being configured to store instructions; the processor being configured to operate according to the instructions to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 8.

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