A water-soluble coenzyme Q10 composite carrier with high bioavailability, preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The present invention provides a highly bioavailable water-soluble coenzyme Q10 composite carrier, a preparation method, and its application, belonging to the field of food technology. The present invention uses a porous material to adsorb a gel precursor, namely a molten mixture of a dispersed phase, a gelling agent, and coenzyme Q10, and controls the gelation process to obtain a highly loaded, highly bioavailable coenzyme Q10 composite carrier. By loading a high content of coenzyme Q10 on an oil gel system as a basis, porous adsorption is used to increase the specific surface area of ​​the gel and improve water permeability. The temperature change during the gelation process is also controlled to change the crystal form and gel structure of coenzyme Q10, increase its dissolution rate and concentration in the body, and further improve the bioavailability of coenzyme Q10. The present invention also provides an application of the coenzyme Q10 composite carrier in the preparation of coenzyme Q10 in the form of tablets, granules, and hard capsules for food supplements, thereby increasing the content of coenzyme Q10 in the human body through the form of food supplements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of health food, and in particular relates to a water-soluble coenzyme Q10 composite carrier with high bioavailability, a preparation method and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Coenzyme Q10 is a naturally occurring vitamin-like substance found in the human body. It was first isolated by Professor Crane of the United States in 1957 from bovine heart mitochondria. It possesses the redox properties of quinone. Coenzyme Q10, also known as ubiquinone, is chemically named 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-decaprenylbenzoquinone and consists of a benzoquinone core and a polyisoprene tail. Coenzyme Q10 is a crystalline yellow powder at room temperature with a melting point of 48-52°C. Due to the structure of its tail, it is readily soluble in organic solvents such as ether, n-hexane, and chloroform, slightly soluble in ethanol, and insoluble in methanol and water. However, Coenzyme Q10 has poor photostability and undergoes thermal decomposition at temperatures above 120°C.

[0003] Coenzyme Q10 is widely present in the cell membranes of eukaryotic organisms, primarily in the mitochondrial membrane. As a hydrogen donor in the electron transport chain, it participates in the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate in the mitochondrial respiratory chain, promoting respiration and providing energy. In the human body, Coenzyme Q10 is found in significant quantities in several organs, such as the heart, lungs, and liver. Furthermore, as a potent antioxidant, Coenzyme Q10 prevents the formation of free radicals, maintains normal immune function, and slows aging. Furthermore, Coenzyme Q10 plays an important role in preventing coronary heart disease, alleviating periodontitis, and treating diabetes, hypertension, angina, and neurological diseases. In tumor treatment, it also inhibits the metastasis of cancer cells. Therefore, it has enormous potential for application in medicine, cosmetics, and functional foods.

[0004] Coenzyme Q10 is synthesized in the human body, but production levels decrease with age and in several pathological conditions. While dietary supplementation of Coenzyme Q10 is possible, sources such as meat, fish, peanuts, and broccoli are recommended. However, dietary intake is only approximately 2-5 mg per day, which is far from sufficient for the body in pathological conditions and the elderly. Therefore, increasing Coenzyme Q10 levels in the body through dietary supplementation is essential.

[0005] Due to its structural properties, Coenzyme Q10 is insoluble in water and has a low saturated solubility in oil. These properties undoubtedly limit Coenzyme Q10's bioavailability in the human body. Research on Coenzyme Q10's bioavailability has primarily focused on loading methods and solubility. Patents US2005287206A1 and US2005069582A1 address the solubility of Coenzyme Q10 by dissolving it in monoterpenes or similar substances. However, this method only improves Coenzyme Q10's solubility to a limited extent, and the presence of the analogues inhibits Coenzyme Q10 absorption by the human body. In patent WO2022222683A1, coenzyme Q10 is dissolved in the oil phase by heating and encapsulated to form an emulsion; in patent CN109463751A, organic reagents are used to dissolve coenzyme Q10 and high-concentration encapsulation is performed in the form of liposomes; the coenzyme Q10 content levels in both carrier forms are still low, and the effect of recrystallization on carrier stability and bioavailability during storage is ignored.

[0006] Oleogels are thermoreversible semisolid gels composed of a liquid oil and an oleogel. The oleogel forms a three-dimensional network structure through self-assembly or crystallization, inhibiting the flow of the liquid oil. Depending on the gelation mechanism, the gel structure can be classified as a crystalline particle network, a fibrous network, or a polymer network. Oleogels are currently considered to have great potential in the delivery of nutrients and bioactive molecules. Their compact network structure acts as a strong physical barrier, inhibiting the degradation of the entrapped material and also enabling the stabilization of high loadings of coenzyme Q10. However, during human digestion, the oleogel network hinders the exposure of the liquid oil, reducing the accessibility and action of lipase, leading to reduced lipolysis and, in turn, impairing the release and bioavailability of fat-soluble substances. Therefore, the use of porous materials to load oleogels into composite carriers increases the specific surface area, enhances the accessibility of lipase to the liquid oil during digestion, and thus improves the bioavailability of fat-soluble substances. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a water-soluble coenzyme Q10 composite carrier with high bioavailability, a preparation method and its application, so as to solve the problems of low content of coenzyme Q10 loaded in the carrier and low digestion and absorption rate of coenzyme Q10 in the human body, and to improve the bioavailability of coenzyme Q10.

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] The present invention provides a coenzyme Q10 oil gel carrier, which is prepared from the following components in parts by mass: 50 to 90 parts of a dispersed phase, 0.5 to 30 parts of a gelling agent, and 0.5 to 30 parts of coenzyme Q10.

[0010] Preferably, the dispersed phase comprises one or more of soybean oil, rapeseed oil, almond oil, corn oil, cottonseed oil, olive oil, sunflower oil, sesame oil, peanut oil, rice bran oil, medium-chain triglycerides, algae oil, linseed oil, safflower oil, coconut oil, caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, conjugated linoleic acid, α-linolenic acid, γ-linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid.

[0011] Preferably, the gelling agent comprises one or more of high melting point triglycerides, phospholipids, waxes, monoglycerides, diglycerides, shellac, phytosterols, γ-oryzanol, β-sitosterol, stearic acid, stearyl alcohol, 12-hydroxyoctadecanoamide and ethyl cellulose.

[0012] Preferably, the high melting point triglyceride includes one or more of palm oil, animal fat and hydrogenated oil; the phospholipid includes one or more of soybean lecithin, sunflower lecithin, egg yolk lecithin and modified soybean lecithin; the wax includes one or more of beeswax, sunflower wax, candelilla wax, rice bran wax, carnauba wax, berry wax and fruit wax.

[0013] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a coenzyme Q10 oil gel carrier, comprising the following steps:

[0014] (1) mixing and dissolving the gelling agent and the dispersed phase at 40-150° C. to obtain a mixed solution;

[0015] (2) mixing coenzyme Q10 with the mixed solution obtained in step (1) at 50-90° C. to obtain a gel precursor solution;

[0016] (3) Cooling the gel precursor solution to -30-25°C at a cooling rate of 0.1-100°C / min and maintaining the temperature for 3-72 hours to obtain a coenzyme Q10 oil gel carrier.

[0017] The present invention also provides a coenzyme Q10 composite carrier, the preparation method of which comprises the following steps:

[0018] S1) using a porous material to adsorb the gel precursor solution obtained in the preparation method of the coenzyme Q10 oil gel carrier at 50-90° C.;

[0019] S2) cooling the porous material adsorbed with the gel precursor solution to -30 to 25° C. at a cooling rate of 0.1 to 100° C. / min and maintaining the temperature for 3 to 72 hours to obtain a coenzyme Q10 composite carrier.

[0020] Preferably, the porous material comprises one or more of porous starch, cyclodextrin, microcrystalline cellulose and silicon dioxide.

[0021] Preferably, the mass ratio of the gel precursor solution to the porous material is (0.1-3):1.

[0022] The present invention also provides the use of a coenzyme Q10 oil gel carrier or a coenzyme Q10 composite carrier in the preparation of a coenzyme Q10 food supplement.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] This invention provides a high-load, highly bioavailable Coenzyme Q10 composite carrier. This system uses an oil-gel system as a foundation to load a high content of Coenzyme Q10. It then utilizes porous adsorption to increase the specific surface area of ​​the gel and improve water permeability. By controlling the temperature during the gelation process, the crystal form and gel structure of Coenzyme Q10 are altered, increasing its solubility concentration in the body and further improving Coenzyme Q10's bioavailability.

[0025] The present invention uses oil gel as a basic carrier, which can stably and evenly embed high-content coenzyme Q10, inhibit its degradation under conditions such as light and heat, and enhance stability.

[0026] The oil gel system of the present invention has a protective effect during gastric digestion, and a series of digestion and absorption are not carried out until the small intestine, thereby having a certain degree of sustained-release effect on coenzyme Q10.

[0027] The present invention cools the molten mixture to effectively control the growth of Coenzyme Q10 crystals within the oil gel. Smaller crystals, with greater specific surface area, increase the lattice's sensitivity to environmental influences, leading to lower melting points and increased dissolution rates and solubility. Therefore, by controlling the temperature during the gelation process, the melting point of Coenzyme Q10 is lowered to near body temperature, increasing its solubility in liquid oil and promoting bioavailability.

[0028] For the composite carrier of the adsorbed crystal network oil gel, temperature changes also alter the crystal size and gel network structure. Within the gel crystal network, the reduced crystal size accelerates the breakdown of the gel structure, increasing the release of liquid oil and the action of lipase, further enhancing the bioavailability of Coenzyme Q10.

[0029] The present invention utilizes a porous material to adsorb a gel precursor, and then controls the gel temperature to prepare a high-loaded coenzyme Q10 composite carrier, thereby improving the bioavailability of coenzyme Q10. The specific effects are as follows: (1) At a faster cooling rate and lower cooling temperature, coenzyme Q10 forms smaller needle-shaped crystals, which improves its dissolution rate and degree of solubility in the dispersed phase. (2) The porous material is used to adsorb the gel system, which increases its contact area and water permeability in the body, accelerates the process of lipolysis, and further improves the bioavailability of coenzyme Q10. (3) For composite carriers loaded with crystal network oil gels, the reduction in the size of the gel factor crystals increases the disintegration of the gel structure and the release of liquid oil, thereby improving the accessibility of lipase and substrate, and promoting bioavailability. (4) The selective addition of a certain amount of emulsifier can emulsify the liquid oil released from the oil gel, increase the action sites of digestive enzymes such as lipase and pancreatic enzymes, and help further improve the bioavailability of coenzyme Q10. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 Polarized image of Coenzyme Q10 oil gel carrier ( Figure 1 A and B are polarized images of the coenzyme Q10 oil gel carriers of Comparative Examples 4 and 7, respectively; Figure 1 C and D are polarized images of the coenzyme Q10 oil gel carriers of Comparative Examples 5 and 8, respectively; Figure 1 E and F in the figure correspond to the polarized images of the coenzyme Q10 oil gel carriers of Examples 6 and 9, respectively). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention provides a coenzyme Q10 oil gel carrier, which is prepared from the following components in parts by mass: 50 to 90 parts of a dispersed phase, 0.5 to 30 parts of a gelling agent, and 0.5 to 30 parts of coenzyme Q10.

[0032] In the present invention, the amount of the dispersed phase is preferably 60-80 parts, more preferably 65-75 parts; the amount of the gel is preferably 2-25 parts, more preferably 5-20 parts; the amount of coenzyme Q10 is preferably 5-25 parts, more preferably 10-20 parts.

[0033] In the present invention, the dispersed phase is preferably one or more of soybean oil, rapeseed oil, almond oil, corn oil, cottonseed oil, olive oil, sunflower oil, sesame oil, peanut oil, rice bran oil, medium-chain triglycerides, algae oil, linseed oil, safflower oil, coconut oil, caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, conjugated linoleic acid, α-linolenic acid, γ-linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, and is further preferably olive oil or medium-chain triglycerides.

[0034] In the present invention, the gelling agent is preferably one or more of high melting point triglycerides, phospholipids, waxes, monoglycerides, diglycerides, shellac, phytosterols, γ-oryzanol, β-sitosterol, stearic acid, stearyl alcohol, 12-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid amide and ethyl cellulose, and more preferably phospholipids, monoglycerides and diglycerides.

[0035] In the present invention, the high melting point triglyceride is preferably one or more of palm oil, animal fat and hydrogenated fat, and more preferably palm oil; the phospholipid is preferably one or more of soybean lecithin, sunflower lecithin, egg yolk lecithin and modified soybean lecithin, and more preferably soybean lecithin; the wax is preferably one or more of beeswax, sunflower wax, candelilla wax, rice bran wax, carnauba wax, berry wax and fruit wax, and more preferably beeswax.

[0036] In the present invention, an emulsifier may be added during the preparation of the coenzyme Q10 oil gel carrier, wherein the mass fraction of the emulsifier is 0 to 20 parts; the emulsifier is preferably one or more of polyglycerol fatty acid esters, sucrose fatty acid esters, Tween, propylene glycol, propylene glycol fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene xylitol anhydride monostearate, xylitol anhydride monostearate, citric acid fatty acid glyceride, hydrogenated rosin glyceride, and lactic acid fatty acid glyceride, more preferably polyoxyethylene xylitol anhydride monostearate. The Tween is preferably one or more of Tween-20, Tween-40, Tween-60, and Tween-80, more preferably Tween-80.

[0037] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a coenzyme Q10 oil gel carrier, comprising the following steps:

[0038] (1) mixing and dissolving the gelling agent and the dispersed phase at 40-150° C. to obtain a mixed solution;

[0039] (2) mixing coenzyme Q10 with the mixed solution obtained in step (1) at 50-90° C. to obtain a gel precursor solution;

[0040] (3) Cooling the gel precursor solution to -30-25°C at a cooling rate of 0.1-100°C / min and maintaining the temperature for 3-72 hours to obtain a coenzyme Q10 oil gel carrier.

[0041] In the present invention, first, the gelling agent and the dispersed phase are mixed and dissolved at 40-150°C to obtain a mixed solution; the mixing temperature is preferably 50-140°C; the mixing and dissolving time is preferably 0.1-8h, more preferably 0.5-7h; stirring is performed during the mixing and dissolving process; the stirring speed is preferably 200-800rpm, more preferably 300-600rpm; then, coenzyme Q10 is mixed with the obtained mixed solution at 50-90°C to obtain a gel precursor solution, and the mixing temperature is preferably 60-80°C; finally, the gel precursor solution is cooled to -30-25°C at a cooling rate of 0.1-100°C / min and maintained for 3-72h to obtain a coenzyme Q10 oil gel carrier, the cooling rate is preferably 0.5-95°C / min; the temperature is preferably reduced to -25-20°C, more preferably -20-15°C; the holding time is preferably 5-65h, more preferably 10-60h.

[0042] The present invention also provides a coenzyme Q10 composite carrier, the preparation method of which comprises the following steps:

[0043] S1) using a porous material to adsorb the gel precursor solution obtained in the preparation method of the coenzyme Q10 oil gel carrier at 50-90° C.;

[0044] S2) cooling the porous material adsorbed with the gel precursor solution to -30 to 25° C. at a cooling rate of 0.1 to 100° C. / min and maintaining the temperature for 3 to 72 hours to obtain a coenzyme Q10 composite carrier.

[0045] In the present invention, the porous material is preferably one or more of porous starch, cyclodextrin, microcrystalline cellulose and silicon dioxide, and is further preferably cyclodextrin or porous starch; the cyclodextrin is preferably one or more of α-cyclodextrin, β-cyclodextrin, γ-cyclodextrin and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, and is further preferably β-cyclodextrin.

[0046] In the present invention, the mass ratio of the gel precursor solution to the porous material is preferably (0.1-3):1, more preferably (0.5-1):1; the adsorption temperature is preferably 60-80°C, more preferably 65-75°C.

[0047] The present invention also provides the use of a coenzyme Q10 oil gel carrier or a coenzyme Q10 composite carrier in the preparation of a coenzyme Q10 food supplement. In the present invention, the coenzyme Q10 composite carrier is used in three forms of food supplements: tablets, granules, and hard capsules.

[0048] In the present invention, the coenzyme Q10 composite carrier is mixed with auxiliary materials and then compressed into tablets. The tablets are preferably oral tablets, lozenges, sublingual tablets, chewable tablets, dispersible tablets, soluble tablets, or effervescent tablets.

[0049] In the present invention, the auxiliary materials include fillers, binders, wetting agents, disintegrants, lubricants, colorants, flavoring agents, antioxidants, and preservatives. The filler is preferably one or more of starch, powdered sugar, dextrin, microcrystalline cellulose, lactose, pregelatinized starch, calcium sulfate, calcium hydrogen phosphate, calcium carbonate, sucrose, glucose, and mannitol; the starch is preferably one or more of corn starch, sweet potato starch, potato starch, wheat starch, and cassava starch; the binder is preferably one or more of starch slurry, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, gelatin, sucrose, and polyvinyl pyrrolidone; the preparation method of the starch slurry is preferably to prepare one or more of corn starch, sweet potato starch, sodium potato starch, wheat starch, and cassava starch by boiling and flushing; the wetting agent is preferably one or more of drinking water, purified water, and ethanol; the disintegrant is preferably starch, sodium carboxymethyl starch, low-substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose, cross-linked polyvinyl pyrrolidone, and cross-linked carboxymethyl cellulose The starch is preferably one or more of corn starch, sweet potato starch, potato starch, wheat starch and tapioca starch; the lubricant is preferably one or more of magnesium stearate, micropowdered silica gel, talc, hydrogenated vegetable oil, polyethylene glycol and magnesium lauryl sulfate; the colorant is preferably any one of those listed in GB2760-2023 Food Additives Usage Standard, further preferably brilliant blue, lemon yellow, carmine or sodium copper chlorophyllin; the flavoring agent is preferably one or more of sucrose, monosaccharide syrup, aromatic syrup, steviol glycoside, glycerin, sorbitol, mannitol, saccharin sodium, aspartame, neotame, glucose, oligofructose, edible essence, citric acid, citric acid and tartaric acid; the antioxidant is preferably one or more of vitamin C, vitamin E and sodium ascorbate; the preservative is preferably ethyl parahydroxybenzoate and its sodium salt or sorbic acid and its potassium salt.

[0050] In the present invention, the coenzyme Q10 composite carrier is mixed with auxiliary materials to prepare a granular preparation. The granular preparation is preferably a soluble granule, a suspension granule, or an effervescent granule.

[0051] In the present invention, the auxiliary materials include fillers, binders, wetting agents, disintegrants, lubricants, coating materials, colorants, flavoring agents, antioxidants, and preservatives. The filler is preferably one or more of starch, lactose, dextrin, powdered sugar, calcium sulfate, sucrose, mannitol, microcrystalline cellulose and glucose, and the starch is preferably one or more of corn starch, sweet potato starch, potato starch, wheat starch and tapioca starch; the binder is preferably one or more of starch slurry, pregelatinized starch, dextrin, povidone, ethyl cellulose and hydroxypropyl cellulose; the starch slurry is preferably prepared by boiling and flushing one or more of corn starch, sweet potato starch, potato starch, wheat starch and tapioca starch, and the wetting agent is preferably one or more of drinking water, purified water and ethanol; the disintegrant is preferably one or more of starch, sodium carboxymethyl starch, microcrystalline cellulose, cross-linked sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, low-substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose, citric acid and polysorbate-80, and the starch is preferably one or more of corn starch, sweet potato starch, potato starch, wheat starch and tapioca starch; the wetting agent is preferably one or more of The lubricant is preferably one or more of stearic acid, calcium stearate, magnesium stearate, talc, hydrogenated vegetable oil, polyethylene glycol, sodium lauryl sulfate, micropowdered silica gel, aluminum hydroxide gel, paraffin, glycerol and glycine; the coating material is preferably one or more of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, polyethylene glycol, cellulose acetate phthalate and ethyl cellulose; the colorant is preferably any one of those listed in the GB2760-2023 Food Additives Standard, further preferably brilliant blue, lemon yellow, carmine or sodium copper chlorophyllin; the flavoring agent is preferably one or more of sucrose, monosaccharide syrup, aromatic syrup, steviol glycoside, glycerol, sorbitol, mannitol, saccharin sodium, aspartame, neotame, glucose, oligofructose, edible essence, citric acid, citric acid and tartaric acid; the antioxidant is preferably one or more of vitamin C, vitamin E and sodium ascorbate; the preservative is preferably ethyl parahydroxybenzoate and its sodium salt or sorbic acid and its potassium salt.

[0052] In the present invention, the coenzyme Q10 composite carrier is mixed with auxiliary materials to prepare powder or granules, which are filled into hollow capsules, or the coenzyme Q10 composite carrier granules are directly packed into hollow capsules to prepare coenzyme Q10 hard capsules.

[0053] In the present invention, the hollow capsule is preferably a gelatin hollow capsule, which is prepared by using gelatin as the main raw material and adding a plasticizer, a thickener, a sunscreen, a colorant, and a preservative. The plasticizer is preferably one or more of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, glycerin, and sorbitol; the thickener is preferably agar; the sunscreen is preferably titanium dioxide; the colorant is preferably any one of those listed in the GB2760-2023 Food Additives Standard, and is further preferably brilliant blue, lemon yellow, carmine, or sodium copper chlorophyllin; the preservative is preferably ethyl parahydroxybenzoate and its sodium salt or sorbic acid and its potassium salt. The hollow gelatin capsule also includes inclusion excipients, which include a filler, a glidant, and a disintegrant. The filler is preferably one or more of starch, powdered sugar, dextrin, microcrystalline cellulose, lactose, pregelatinized starch, calcium sulfate, calcium hydrogen phosphate, calcium carbonate, sucrose, glucose and mannitol, and the starch is preferably one or more of corn starch, sweet potato starch, potato starch, wheat starch and tapioca starch; the glidant is preferably talc or micropowdered silica gel; the disintegrant is preferably one or more of starch, sodium carboxymethyl starch, microcrystalline cellulose, cross-linked sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, low-substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose, citric acid and polysorbate 80, and the starch is preferably one or more of corn starch, sweet potato starch, potato starch, wheat starch and tapioca starch.

[0054] The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0055] Example 1

[0056] The coenzyme Q10 composite carrier is prepared from the following components in parts by weight:

[0057] Table 1 Raw material composition of coenzyme Q10 composite carrier

[0058] raw material content Coenzyme Q10 10％ Soy lecithin 15％ Medium-chain triglycerides 75％ Gel precursor solution: β-cyclodextrin 1：1

[0059] The preparation method is as follows:

[0060] S1. Dissolve soy lecithin in medium-chain triglycerides by heating and stirring at 60°C until uniformly dissolved.

[0061] S2. Add 10% coenzyme Q10 to the mixture obtained in S1, and completely dissolve the coenzyme Q10 therein at 50° C. to obtain a gel precursor solution.

[0062] S3. Spray the gel precursor obtained in S2 onto the surface of β-cyclodextrin at a ratio of 1:1 to allow it to be adsorbed.

[0063] S4. Cool the β-cyclodextrin adsorbed with the gel precursor to -20°C at a cooling rate of 50°C / min and place it for 24 hours to obtain a coenzyme Q10 composite carrier.

[0064] Example 2

[0065] The coenzyme Q10 composite carrier is prepared from the following components in parts by weight:

[0066] Table 2 Raw material composition of coenzyme Q10 composite carrier

[0067]

[0068] The preparation method is as follows:

[0069] S1. Dissolve mono- and diglycerol fatty acid esters in medium-chain triglycerides by heating and stirring at 80°C until they are evenly dissolved.

[0070] S2. Add 15% coenzyme Q10 to the mixture obtained in S1, and completely dissolve the coenzyme Q10 therein at 50° C. to obtain a gel precursor solution.

[0071] S3. Spray the gel precursor obtained in S2 onto the surface of the porous starch at a ratio of 0.8:1 to allow it to be adsorbed.

[0072] S4. The porous starch adsorbed with the gel precursor is cooled at a rate of 35°C / min to -10°C and allowed to stand for 18 hours to obtain a coenzyme Q10 composite carrier.

[0073] Example 3

[0074] The coenzyme Q10 composite carrier is prepared from the following components in parts by weight:

[0075] Table 3 Raw material composition of coenzyme Q10 composite carrier

[0076] raw material content Coenzyme Q10 20％ Soy lecithin 10％ olive oil 70％ Gel precursor solution: porous starch 0.5：1

[0077] The preparation method is as follows:

[0078] S1. Dissolve soy lecithin in olive oil by heating and stirring at 70°C until it is evenly dissolved.

[0079] S2. Add 20% coenzyme Q10 to the mixture obtained in S1, and completely dissolve the coenzyme Q10 therein at 50° C. to obtain a gel precursor solution.

[0080] S3. Spray the gel precursor obtained in S2 onto the surface of the porous starch at a ratio of 0.5:1 to allow it to be adsorbed.

[0081] S4. Cooling the porous starch adsorbed with the gel precursor to -18°C at a rate of 40°C / min and leaving it for 24 hours to obtain a coenzyme Q10 composite carrier, i.e., a coenzyme Q10 composite carrier.

[0082] Comparative Example 1

[0083] The raw materials were the same as those in Example 1. Steps S1 to S3 in the preparation method were the same as those in Example 1. In step S4, the β-cyclodextrin adsorbed with the gel precursor was cooled to 25° C. at a cooling rate of 20° C. / min and allowed to stand for 24 h to obtain a coenzyme Q10 composite carrier.

[0084] Comparative Example 2

[0085] The raw materials were the same as those in Example 2. Steps S1 to S3 in the preparation method were the same as those in Example 2. In step S4, the porous starch adsorbed with the gel precursor was cooled to 25° C. at a cooling rate of 20° C. / min and allowed to stand for 18 h to obtain a coenzyme Q10 composite carrier.

[0086] Comparative Example 3

[0087] The raw materials are the same as those in Example 3. Steps S1 to S3 in the preparation method are the same as those in Example 3. In step S4, the porous starch adsorbed with the gel precursor is cooled to 25° C. at a cooling rate of 20° C. / min and allowed to stand for 24 h to obtain a coenzyme Q10 composite carrier.

[0088] Comparative Example 4

[0089] The coenzyme Q10 oil gel carrier is prepared from 10% coenzyme Q10, 15% soy lecithin, and 75% medium-chain triglycerides, and the preparation method is as follows: (1) Soy lecithin is dissolved in medium-chain triglycerides by heating and stirring at 60°C until uniform dissolution. (2) 10% coenzyme Q10 is added to the mixture obtained in step S1, and the coenzyme Q10 is completely dissolved therein at 50°C to obtain a gel precursor solution. (3) The gel precursor solution obtained in step (2) is cooled to -20°C at a rate of 50°C / min and allowed to stand for 24 hours to form a coenzyme Q10 oil gel carrier.

[0090] Comparative Example 5

[0091] The coenzyme Q10 oil gel carrier is prepared from 15% coenzyme Q10, 8% mono- and diglycerol fatty acid esters, and 77% medium-chain triglycerides, and the preparation method is as follows: (1) Soy lecithin is dissolved in medium-chain triglycerides by heating and stirring at 60°C until the mixture is uniformly dissolved. (2) 15% coenzyme Q10 is added to the mixture obtained in S1, and the coenzyme Q10 is completely dissolved therein at 50°C to obtain a gel precursor solution. (3) The gel precursor solution obtained in step (2) is cooled to -10°C at a rate of 35°C / min and allowed to stand for 18 hours to form a coenzyme Q10 oil gel carrier.

[0092] Comparative Example 6

[0093] The coenzyme Q10 oil gel carrier is prepared from 20% coenzyme Q10, 10% soy lecithin, and 70% olive oil, and the preparation method is as follows: (1) Soy lecithin is dissolved in medium-chain triglycerides by heating and stirring at 60°C until it is uniformly dissolved. (2) 20% coenzyme Q10 is added to the mixture obtained in step S1, and the coenzyme Q10 is completely dissolved therein at 50°C to obtain a gel precursor solution. (3) The gel precursor solution obtained in step (2) is cooled at a rate of 40°C / min to -18°C and allowed to stand for 24 hours to form a coenzyme Q10 oil gel carrier.

[0094] Comparative Example 7

[0095] The coenzyme Q10 oil gel carrier is prepared from 10% coenzyme Q10, 15% soy lecithin, and 75% medium-chain triglycerides, and the preparation method is as follows: (1) Soy lecithin is dissolved in medium-chain triglycerides by heating and stirring at 60°C until uniform dissolution. (2) 10% coenzyme Q10 is added to the mixture obtained in step S1, and the coenzyme Q10 is completely dissolved therein at 50°C to obtain a gel precursor solution. (3) The gel precursor solution obtained in step (2) is cooled to 25°C at a cooling rate of 20°C / min and allowed to stand for 24 hours to form a coenzyme Q10 oil gel carrier.

[0096] Comparative Example 8

[0097] The coenzyme Q10 oil gel carrier is prepared from 15% coenzyme Q10, 8% mono- and diglycerol fatty acid esters, and 77% medium-chain triglycerides, and the preparation method is as follows: (1) Soy lecithin is dissolved in medium-chain triglycerides by heating and stirring at 60°C until the mixture is uniformly dissolved. (2) 15% coenzyme Q10 is added to the mixture obtained in S1, and the coenzyme Q10 is completely dissolved therein at 50°C to obtain a gel precursor solution. (3) The gel precursor solution obtained in step (2) is cooled to 25°C at a cooling rate of 20°C / min and allowed to stand for 18 hours to form a coenzyme Q10 oil gel carrier.

[0098] Comparative Example 9

[0099] The coenzyme Q10 oil gel carrier is prepared from 20% coenzyme Q10, 10% soy lecithin, and 70% olive oil, and the preparation method is as follows: (1) Soy lecithin is dissolved in medium-chain triglycerides by heating and stirring at 60°C until it is uniformly dissolved. (2) 20% coenzyme Q10 is added to the mixture obtained in step S1, and the coenzyme Q10 is completely dissolved therein at 50°C to obtain a gel precursor solution. (3) The gel precursor solution obtained in step (2) is cooled to 25°C at a cooling rate of 20°C / min and allowed to stand for 24 hours to form a coenzyme Q10 oil gel carrier.

[0100] Experimental Example 1

[0101] Polarized microscope image observing the crystal morphology inside the coenzyme Q10 oil gel carrier:

[0102] Observe the crystal morphology inside the Coenzyme Q10-loaded oleogel carrier under polarized light. Place 0.05g of the oleogel sample on a glass slide, cover it evenly with a coverslip, and observe the crystal morphology inside the gel under a polarized light microscope using a 10x objective lens.

[0103] The experimental results are as follows Figure 1 A and B show polarized light images of Comparative Examples 4 and 7 with the same raw material composition, gelled at low temperature and room temperature, respectively; C and D show polarized light images of Comparative Examples 5 and 8 with the same raw material composition, gelled at low temperature and room temperature, respectively; E and F show polarized light images of Comparative Examples 5 and 8 with the same raw material composition, gelled at low temperature and room temperature, respectively.

[0104] Depend on Figure 1Polarized light microscopy observations of the oleogel crystal morphology at different cooling rates and temperatures using the same raw material composition reveal that higher cooling rates and lower temperatures result in smaller crystals and a denser crystal network. Higher cooling temperatures, on the other hand, lead to larger oleogel crystals with significant size variation and uneven structural distribution. This is likely due to the faster cooling rate inducing and driving the formation of more nuclei, while the lower temperature accelerates crystal growth. Consequently, the oleogel crystals produced under these conditions are smaller, more numerous, and have a more uniform and dense crystal network.

[0105] Experimental Example 2

[0106] Determination of Coenzyme Q10 Bioavailability:

[0107] The coenzyme Q10 composite carriers of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 and the coenzyme Q10 oil gel carriers of Comparative Examples 4-9 were respectively taken to fix the mass of coenzyme Q10 to 50 mg, and a simulated in vitro digestion experiment was performed to determine the bioavailability thereof (the experimental method adopted the international INFOGEST in vitro simulated food digestion standard method).

[0108] The experimental results are shown in Table 4.

[0109] Table 4 Bioavailability of Coenzyme Q10

[0110]

[0111]

[0112] According to INFOGE ST in vitro simulated digestion data after 250 minutes of simulated in vitro digestion (oral, gastric, and intestinal digestion), the bioavailability of low-temperature oil gel-loaded Coenzyme Q10 was significantly higher than that of room-temperature oil gel. Furthermore, compared to oil gel, the bioavailability of loaded Coenzyme Q10 was further improved by the composite carrier format using porous adsorption. Under the same formulation, the Coenzyme Q10 composite carrier formed at a high cooling rate and low cooling temperature exhibited significantly higher bioavailability than other carriers in the same group. During the gelation process of the oil gel, the faster cooling rate and lower cooling temperature allow the Coenzyme Q10 crystals within the gel to grow smaller. These small crystals dissolve rapidly in the body, gradually breaking down the gel structure and releasing liquid oil, increasing the accessibility of substances such as lipase, promoting lipolysis, and thus improving bioavailability. The porous adsorption gel system increases the contact area between the gel and the digestive fluid, improving permeability, and promoting the extent and rate of digestion, further enhancing the bioavailability of Coenzyme Q10. In addition, the gelling agent selected in the embodiment has good hydrolysis and surface activity, which accelerates the disintegration of the gel network, promotes the emulsification of liquid oil, and helps the action of digestive enzymes, thereby promoting lipid digestion and the accessibility of coenzyme Q10.

[0113] It can be seen from the above examples and comparative examples that the coenzyme Q10 composite carrier prepared by the present invention promotes the dissolution of coenzyme Q10 in the body, enhances the hydrolysis and digestion of the gel system, and improves the bioavailability of coenzyme Q10.

[0114] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coenzyme Q10 composite carrier, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) Mixing and dissolving 0.5 to 30 parts by weight of a gelling agent and 50 to 90 parts by weight of a dispersed phase at 40 to 150° C. to obtain a mixed solution; (2) mixing 0.5 to 30 parts by weight of coenzyme Q10 with the mixed solution obtained in step (1) at 50 to 90° C. to obtain a gel precursor solution; (3) using a porous material to adsorb the gel precursor solution obtained in step (2) at 50-90° C.; (4) Cooling the porous material adsorbed with the gel precursor solution to -10 to -20°C at a cooling rate of 35 to 50°C / min and maintaining the temperature for 3 to 72 hours to obtain a coenzyme Q10 composite carrier; The dispersed phase comprises one or more of soybean oil, rapeseed oil, almond oil, corn oil, cottonseed oil, olive oil, sunflower oil, sesame oil, peanut oil, rice bran oil, medium chain triglycerides, algae oil, linseed oil, safflower oil, coconut oil, caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, conjugated linoleic acid, α-linolenic acid, γ-linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid; The gelling agent comprises one or more of high melting point triglycerides, phospholipids, waxes, monoglycerides, diglycerides, shellac, phytosterols, γ-oryzanol, β-sitosterol, stearic acid, stearyl alcohol and ethyl cellulose; The high melting point triglyceride includes one or more of palm oil, animal fat and hydrogenated oil; the phospholipid includes one or more of soybean lecithin, sunflower lecithin, egg yolk lecithin and modified soybean lecithin; the wax includes one or more of beeswax, sunflower wax, candelilla wax, rice bran wax, carnauba wax and fruit wax.

2. The coenzyme Q10 composite carrier according to claim 1, characterized in that The porous material includes one or more of porous starch, cyclodextrin, microcrystalline cellulose and silicon dioxide.

3. The coenzyme Q10 composite carrier according to claim 1, characterized in that The mass ratio of the gel precursor solution to the porous material is (0.1-3):

1.

4. Use of the coenzyme Q10 composite carrier according to any one of claims 1 to 3 in the preparation of a coenzyme Q10 food supplement.

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