A hand-held laser welding device

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of laser welding processing, and discloses a handheld laser welding device. The device comprises a main machine and a welding gun for welding a weld formed by approaching a piece to be welded. The welding gun is connected with a gas pipe for providing protective gas. The welding gun is provided with a nozzle for providing a channel for laser and protective gas supplied by the main machine. The nozzle is internally provided with a flow guide structure. The flow guide structure is arranged to guide the protective gas in different zones. The flow rate difference between the high-pressure zone and the low-pressure zone blocks the welding slag between the welding point and the unwelded weld. The welding slag flying towards the weld is drained to both sides. The airflow in the high-pressure zone blows towards the unwelded direction along the weld. The airflow is compressed at the position of the weld to generate an upward airflow, which pushes the welding slag floating towards the weld upward and away, and the airflow blown along the weld direction blows the welding slag away, preventing the welding slag from falling on the surface of the weld.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of laser welding processing, specifically to a handheld laser welding device. Background Technology

[0002] Laser welding is a highly efficient and precise welding method that uses a high-energy-density laser beam as a heat source. The welding process is heat conduction type, that is, the laser radiation heats the surface of the workpiece, and the surface heat diffuses into the interior through heat conduction. By controlling parameters such as the width, energy, peak power and repetition frequency of the laser pulse, the workpiece is melted to form a specific molten pool.

[0003] In existing laser welding mechanisms, when welding metals, the laser beam acts on the welding wire and the weld seam of the workpiece to fuse them together. During the process, welding slag is generated due to metal vaporization. The shielding gas of the nozzle blows the welding slag around randomly, causing the welding slag to accumulate at the unwelded weld seam. This results in uneven melting of the weld seam during subsequent welding due to the temperature effect of the welding slag, leading to quality problems such as weld cracking and undercut. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a handheld laser welding device that can solve technical problems in actual production:

[0005] The welding slag, which is randomly blown away by the protective gas sprayed from the nozzle, falls onto the unwelded weld seam and will affect the quality of subsequent welding.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: including a main unit, a weld seam, and a welding torch, wherein the welding torch is equipped with a nozzle, characterized in that: the nozzle has a hollow channel, and a flow guiding structure is built into the hollow channel, wherein the flow guiding structure is equipped with flow guiding fins and a baffle plate, the baffle plate is used to divide the airflow guided to the nozzle into two streams, one stream of airflow forming a low-pressure airflow along the flow guiding fins and being ejected, and the other stream of airflow is concentrated in the inner cavity formed by the baffle plate and ejected directly at the weld seam at a high flow velocity.

[0007] Preferably, the baffle plate includes two second fins, which are close to each other near the nozzle outlet to form an inclined section, and the second fins, the inclined section and the baffle plate surround to form a high-pressure air passage.

[0008] Preferably, the guide fins are located on the opposite side of the baffle plate, and the second fin, the inclined section, and the guide fins surround each other to form a low-pressure air passage.

[0009] Preferably, the number of guide fins is three, and the guide fins are arranged in a position away from the high-pressure air passage to form a medium-pressure air passage.

[0010] Preferably, the baffle plate is bent towards the center of the nozzle at the end away from the nozzle outlet to form a first inclined plate, and the baffle plate is bent away from the center of the nozzle at the end near the nozzle outlet to form a second inclined plate, and the first and second inclined plates are connected by a flat plate.

[0011] Preferably, the nozzle includes an air outlet with two ports facing each other. One port of the air outlet is connected to the welding torch via a graduated tube, and the other port of the air outlet has two notches facing the weld. The welding torch has a wire feeding assembly on the side away from the weld.

[0012] Preferably, the end of the scale tube away from the welding gun is provided with a sliding joint, the sliding joint is coaxially and fixedly connected to the flow guiding structure, a relay sleeve is slidably installed on the outside of the sliding joint, the relay sleeve is fixedly connected to the gas outlet, the end of the scale tube is provided with a retaining plate that cooperates with the relay sleeve, and the relay sleeve is provided with a retaining groove on the side facing the retaining plate.

[0013] By adopting the aforementioned technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0014] 1. By setting up the flow guiding structure, the protective gas is guided to different zones. Through the velocity difference between the high-pressure zone and the low-pressure zone, the welding slag is blocked between the weld point and the unwelded weld. The welding slag flying towards the weld is guided to both sides. In addition, part of the airflow in the high-pressure zone is blown along the weld towards the unwelded direction. It is compressed at the weld position to generate an upward airflow, which pushes the welding slag drifting towards the weld upward and blown away by the airflow along the weld direction, preventing the welding slag from falling on the weld surface.

[0015] 2. By setting the nozzle structure, two notches are opened directly opposite the weld. The notch away from the weld is used for wire feeding to prevent the welding wire and wire feeding assembly from obstructing the high-speed airflow towards the weld. The other notch is used to provide an open channel for the airflow blown out of the high-pressure air passage, ensuring sufficient purging force on the weld. The air outlet can rotate outside the guide structure to scrape off the welding slag attached to the inner wall of the air outlet, preventing the welding slag from affecting the stability of the initial airflow direction. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the handheld spray gun of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure between the nozzle and its connected components of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the nozzle and its connected components according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram showing the position between the nozzle and the flow guiding structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the position between the nozzle and the flow guiding structure of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the flow guiding structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the high and low pressure zones generated by the combination of the nozzle and the flow guiding structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the flow velocity at the welding position in the high and low pressure zone of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the airflow direction between the high and low pressure zones of the present invention.

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Main unit; 2. Welding torch; 21. Gas pipe; 22. Wire feed assembly; 3. Nozzle; 31. Gas outlet; 311. Notch; 32. Relay sleeve; 321. Slot; 33. Scale tube; 34. Card plate; 35. Sliding joint; 4. Flow guide structure; 41. Flow guide fins; 42. Second fins; 421. Inclined section; 422. Horizontal section; 43. Baffle plate; 431. First inclined plate; 432. Flat plate; 433. Second inclined plate; 5. High-pressure gas channel; 6. Medium-pressure gas channel; 7. Low-pressure gas channel; 8. Part to be welded; 81. Weld seam; 82. High-pressure zone a; 83. Medium-pressure zone b; 84. Low-pressure zone c; 85. First flow velocity V1; 86. Second flow velocity V2. Detailed Implementation

[0027] Example 1

[0028] This embodiment provides a handheld laser welding device, see reference. Figure 1 The main body includes the host 1 and the welding torch 2 for welding the weld 81 formed when the workpiece 8 is brought close together, as shown in the figure. Figure 2 The welding torch 2 is connected to a gas pipe 21 that provides shielding gas. The welding torch 2 has a nozzle 3. Regarding the nozzle 3, refer to... Figure 4 Nozzle 3 has a built-in flow guiding structure 4. For details, please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 5The nozzle 3 has a built-in flow guiding structure 4 in the hollow channel. The flow guiding structure 4 is provided with flow guiding fins 41 and baffle plate 43. The baffle plate 43 is used to divide the airflow guided to the nozzle 3 into two streams. One stream forms a low-pressure airflow along the flow guiding fins 41 and is ejected. The other stream is concentrated in the inner cavity formed by the baffle plate 43 and is ejected at a high velocity directly towards the weld 81. The baffle plate 43 divides the hollow channel of the nozzle 3 into two independent air ducts. The air duct directly facing the weld 18 area is the high-pressure air duct 5. The flow guiding fins and baffle plate 43 form the high-pressure air duct 5, which increases the pressure and velocity of the gas when it is ejected from the nozzle 3. At the same time, the flow guiding fins form two low-pressure air ducts 7, which slows down the airflow on both sides of the weld 81. That is, the low-pressure air ducts 7 form a relatively high-pressure air duct 5 low air velocity area on both sides of the welding position of the weld 81.

[0029] This specific shielding gas ejection state can be used to solve the core problem: the weld slag randomly dispersed by the shielding gas ejected from nozzle 3 falls on the unwelded weld seam 81, which will affect the quality of subsequent welding. The specific solution is described in detail below:

[0030] In a further embodiment, the specific configuration of the high-pressure airway 5 is described in reference to... Figure 7 The baffle plate 43 includes two second fins 42. The two second fins 42 approach each other near the outlet end of the nozzle 3 to form an inclined section 421. The approach of the inclined section 421 causes the high-pressure air passage 5 to be formed by the second fins 42, the inclined section 421 and the baffle plate 43, which reduces the outlet diameter of the high-pressure air passage 5 and generates a high-speed airflow that exceeds the initial flow velocity of the nozzle 3.

[0031] In the first airflow state, when the main airflow in the middle of nozzle 3 is at the welding position, the molten metal is blown to all sides to produce spattered welding slag. The outlet of high-pressure air channel 5 is at the junction of the welding position and the unwelded position of weld 81. At this time, the high-speed airflow generated by high-pressure air channel 5 forms a high-pressure zone a in this area. The disorderly spattered welding slag will be blocked by the high-pressure airflow in high-pressure zone a, reducing the amount of welding slag flying towards the unwelded weld 81.

[0032] In a further embodiment, the specific configuration of the baffle 43 is refined, referring to... Figure 6 The baffle plate 43 is bent from the end away from the nozzle 3 outlet toward the center of the nozzle 3 to form a first inclined plate 431, and the baffle plate 43 is bent from the end near the nozzle 3 outlet toward the center of the nozzle 3 to form a second inclined plate 433. The first inclined plate 431 and the second inclined plate 433 are connected by a flat plate 432.

[0033] In the second airflow state, the first inclined plate 431 can bend towards the center of the nozzle 3, allowing more airflow to enter the high-pressure air passage 5, thus widening the flow difference between the high-pressure air passage 5 and the low-pressure air passage 7. The second inclined plate 433 of the baffle plate 43 can change the airflow direction, causing the airflow ejected from the high-pressure air passage 5 to converge at the weld point near the weld joint 81. This airflow is divided by the weld joint 81 into an airflow flowing horizontally along the surface of the workpiece 8 to be welded and an airflow flowing along the direction of the weld joint 81. The airflow flowing horizontally along the surface of the workpiece 8 to be welded will blow the spattered slag further and will not accumulate near the weld point. The airflow flowing along the direction of the weld joint 81 will be compressed by the narrow gap of the weld joint 81, forming a flow that blows along the direction of the weld joint 81 and a flow that flows along the direction of the weld joint 81. The vertical airflow not only creates a high-speed airflow that converges at the weld joint to dissipate heat and thoroughly clean the area of ​​weld 81 to be welded, but also a stream of airflow along the direction of weld 81 to clean the weld 81. Simultaneously, the rising airflow along the vertical direction of weld 81 further removes any falling material near the weld seam. It should be noted that there is a distance between this rising airflow and the convergence point, causing the falling slag towards weld 81 to be slowed and pushed away from weld 81 by the rising airflow, and then further swept away from weld 81 by the airflow along the direction of weld 81.

[0034] In a further embodiment, the specific configuration of the low-pressure airway 7 is described in reference to... Figure 5 The guide fin 41 is located on the opposite side of the baffle plate 43, and the inclined section 421 bends away from the guide fin 41. The low-pressure air passage 7 is formed by the second fin 42, the inclined section 421 and the guide fin 41, which increases the outlet diameter of the low-pressure air passage 7 and generates a low-speed airflow lower than the initial flow velocity of the nozzle 3.

[0035] The third airflow state occurs because the low-pressure air passage 7 is located on both sides of the high-pressure air passage 5, and the airflow velocity V1 of the high-pressure air passage 5 is greater than the airflow velocity V2 of the low-pressure air passage 7. This creates a low-pressure zone c on the plane of the workpiece 8 to be welded on both sides of the weld 81. Because of the velocity difference between the high-pressure zone a and the low-pressure zone c, some of the gas ejected from the high-pressure air passage 5 flows towards the low-pressure air passage 7. Therefore, a horizontal airflow extending from the high-pressure zone a to the low-pressure zone c is formed around the welding point. This horizontal airflow guides the slag generated at the welding position to the low-pressure zones c on both sides, so that the generated slag is guided in an orderly manner, reducing disorderly splashing slag and further reducing the amount of slag falling towards the weld 81.

[0036] In a further embodiment, the specific configuration of the medium-pressure airway 6 is described in reference to... Figure 4 The number of guide fins 41 is three, and the guide fins 41 are arranged in a position away from the high pressure air passage 5 to form a medium pressure air passage 6;

[0037] The fourth airflow state, through the precise partitioning of the internal space of the nozzle 3 by the baffle plate 43 and the guide fins 41, allows a medium-pressure airway 6 to be set up directly opposite the high-pressure airway 5. The airflow blown out of the medium-pressure airway 6 will blow towards the area that has just been welded and form a medium-pressure zone b there. First, it can provide a stable airflow to supplement and protect the area that has just been welded and dissipate heat. Second, it can block the welding slag from the direction of the low-pressure airway 7 from falling towards the area that has just been welded, preventing the welding slag from solidifying at the area that has just been welded and causing particle protrusions that affect the flatness of the weld surface, thereby further improving the welding quality.

[0038] In a further embodiment, an optimized nozzle 3 and wire feeding method are provided. This embodiment differs from the above embodiments in that it can improve the existing nozzle 3 and wire feeding assembly 22, thereby enhancing the slag removal effect of the weld seam 81, as detailed below:

[0039] Regarding nozzle 3, a nozzle 3 is provided with an air outlet 31 with two ports facing each other. One port of the air outlet 31 is connected to the welding torch 2 via a graduated tube 33. The graduated tube 33 facilitates laser focusing. Specifically, refer to... Figure 3 and 4 The other port of the air outlet 31 has two notches 311 facing the weld 81. The welding torch 2 has a wire feeding assembly 22 on the side away from the weld 81. The wire feeding assembly 22 is used to provide welding wire to the notch 311 away from the weld 81. In this way, without blocking the high-pressure air passage 5, this top wire feeding mode ensures that the airflow blown out of the high-pressure air passage 5 can reach the weld 81 directly without obstruction, reducing turbulence and obstruction that would reduce the slag removal effect of the weld 81.

[0040] Meanwhile, in the use of the vent section 31, to avoid turbulence or blockage caused by welding slag adhering to the inner wall of the vent section 31, a vent section 31 that can rotate relative to the flow guiding structure 4 is designed, with the specific configuration as follows: (Refer to...) Figure 4 The end of the scale tube 33 away from the welding gun 2 is provided with a sliding joint 35. The sliding joint 35 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the flow guiding structure 4. A relay sleeve 32 is slidably installed on the outside of the sliding joint 35. The relay sleeve 32 is fixedly connected to the air outlet 31.

[0041] When in use, the relay sleeve 32 can be held and the air outlet 31 rotated. The fin structure of the flow guide structure 4 can then scrape off the welding slag attached to the inner wall of the air outlet 31, quickly completing the cleaning. Due to the gap setting of the sliding part 35, the air outlet 31 can be pulled towards the welding gun 2. At this time, it can get closer to and press the fin structure of the flow guide structure 4, providing greater scraping force and improving the cleaning effect.

[0042] As for the end of the scale tube 33, it is provided with a retaining plate 34 that cooperates with the relay sleeve 32. The relay sleeve 32 is provided with a retaining groove 321 on the side facing the retaining plate 34. This can achieve two effects. First, during normal welding, the position of the vent 31 is fixed by the retaining plate 34 and the retaining groove 321. Second, after the side of the vent 31 facing the welding position is burned, the vent 31 can be rotated 90 degrees for conversion, making full use of both ends of the vent 31 and increasing the service life of the vent 31.

[0043] The host 1, welding torch 2, and wire supply assembly 22 included in the embodiment are all mature technologies that can be provided by the manufacturer of handheld laser welding machines. Furthermore, this solution does not improve the internal circuitry and control methods of the host 1, welding torch 2, and wire supply assembly 22, and will not be described in detail here.

[0044] Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A handheld laser welding device, comprising a main unit (1), a weld seam (81), and a welding torch (2), wherein the welding torch (2) is provided with a nozzle (3), characterized in that: The nozzle (3) has a hollow channel. The nozzle (3) has a built-in flow guiding structure (4) in the hollow channel. The flow guiding structure (4) is provided with flow guiding fins (41) and baffle plate (43). The baffle plate (43) is used to divide the airflow to the nozzle (3) into two streams. One stream forms a low-pressure airflow along the flow guiding fins (41) and is ejected. The other stream is concentrated in the cavity formed by the baffle plate (43) and is ejected at a high flow rate directly towards the weld (81). The baffle plate (43) includes two second fins (42). The two second fins (42) are close to each other near the outlet of the nozzle (3) to form an inclined section (421). The second fins (42), the inclined section (421) and the baffle plate (43) surround each other to form a high-pressure air passage (5).

2. The handheld laser welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide fin (41) is located on the opposite side of the baffle plate (43), and the second fin (42), the inclined section (421) and the guide fin (41) form a low-pressure air passage (7).

3. The handheld laser welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the flow guide fins (41) is three, and the flow guide fins (41) are arranged in a position away from the high pressure air passage (5) to form a medium pressure air passage (6).

4. The handheld laser welding device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The baffle plate (43) is bent away from the nozzle (3) outlet and towards the center of the nozzle (3) to form a first inclined plate (431). The baffle plate (43) is bent away from the nozzle (3) outlet and towards the center of the nozzle (3) to form a second inclined plate (433). The first inclined plate (431) and the second inclined plate (433) are connected by a flat plate (432).

5. A handheld laser welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle (3) includes an air outlet (31) with two ports facing each other. One port of the air outlet (31) is connected to the welding torch (2) via a scale tube (33). The other port of the air outlet (31) has two notches (311) facing the weld (81). The welding torch (2) has a wire feeding assembly (22) on the side away from the weld (81).

6. A handheld laser welding device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The end of the graduated tube (33) away from the welding torch (2) is provided with a sliding joint (35). The sliding joint (35) is coaxially and fixedly connected to the flow guiding structure (4). A relay sleeve (32) is slidably installed on the outside of the sliding joint (35). The relay sleeve (32) is fixedly connected to the air outlet (31). The end of the graduated tube (33) is provided with a retaining plate (34) that cooperates with the relay sleeve (32). The relay sleeve (32) is provided with a retaining groove (321) on the side facing the retaining plate (34).

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