An in-situ reversing ultrasonic vibration repeat pass face cutting device and method

Abstract

The application discloses an in-situ reversing ultrasonic vibration repeated tool-path end face cutting device and method, and belongs to the field of surface engineering and ultrasonic vibration machining, and comprises a clamping body and an ultrasonic vibration cutting assembly. The clamping body is provided with an arc-shaped track, and the ultrasonic vibration cutting assembly is connected to the arc-shaped track and can move along the arc-shaped track to realize in-situ reversing. The clamping body is provided with a first positioning hole and a second positioning hole, and the ultrasonic vibration cutting assembly can be connected to the first positioning hole or the second positioning hole. When the ultrasonic vibration cutting assembly is connected to the first positioning hole, the ultrasonic vibrator can be fed in the radial direction of the machine tool to realize end face ultrasonic vibration cutting in the feeding direction. When the ultrasonic vibration cutting assembly is connected to the second positioning hole, the ultrasonic vibrator can be fed in the axial direction of the machine tool spindle to realize end face ultrasonic vibration cutting in the cutting depth direction.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of surface engineering and ultrasonic vibration machining, and particularly relates to an in-situ reversing ultrasonic vibration repeated tool-path end face cutting device and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The statements herein are provided only to enhance understanding of the present application and are not necessarily intended to constitute the prior art.

[0003] Ultrasonic vibration cutting is a machining method in which a high-frequency vibration of a certain amplitude is applied to a tool during cutting. The ultrasonic vibration cutting technology can achieve periodic separation of the tool and the workpiece / chip, thereby reducing the cutting force, cutting temperature and tool wear, and improving the stability of the process system and the shape accuracy and surface integrity of the machined part. At the same time, the ultrasonic vibration cutting technology can use the periodic separation of the tool and the workpiece / chip to open the lubrication channel of the closed cutting zone, so that the cooling and lubricating medium directly acts on the tool / chip and tool / work contact interface, improving the cooling and lubricating effect. In addition, the high-frequency impact and reciprocating pressing effect of the tool on the workpiece can promote the plastic deformation of the machined surface layer material, improve the grain refinement effect, increase the residual compressive stress and play a surface layer strengthening effect.

[0004] However, the surface finishing effect and surface layer strengthening effect of ultrasonic vibration cutting machining technology depend on the process parameters such as ultrasonic vibration direction and tool geometry, and the optimal process parameters of the two are different, so it is difficult to achieve simultaneous optimization in single cutting machining. For example, according to existing research, ultrasonic vibration in the cutting depth direction can use the high-frequency impact of the tool on the workpiece to produce impact strengthening effect, but the machined surface roughness is generally larger than that of non-vibration cutting; while ultrasonic vibration in the feed direction can use the reciprocating pressing effect of the tool on the workpiece to reduce the machined surface roughness, and is expected to obtain better smoothness than non-vibration cutting, but its impact strengthening effect is weak. Existing ultrasonic vibration cutting devices and methods mostly use fixed ultrasonic transducers, i.e. the position and angle of the ultrasonic transducer and the tool relative to the workpiece remain unchanged. In this case, it is very complex to change the ultrasonic cutting in the cutting depth direction and the feed direction, and it is difficult to ensure the position of the tool relative to the machined surface, so it needs to be re-dressed, which is low in machining efficiency and poor in effect. Using elliptical ultrasonic vibration cutting in the cutting depth and feed direction, the optimal ultrasonic amplitude, feed rate, cutting speed and other parameters required for impact strengthening and surface finishing cannot be simultaneously optimized due to the differences in the parameters, so the ultrasonic vibration cutting surface cannot obtain the optimal anti-fatigue, wear resistance and other properties. Therefore, the existing ultrasonic cutting machining devices and methods are limited in application in high-precision and high-performance cutting machining. SUMMARY

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide an in-situ reversing ultrasonic vibration repeated cutting end face cutting device and method. This device can quickly switch the ultrasonic vibration direction of the tool while keeping the tool tip position unchanged. Thus, after completing ultrasonic vibration cutting in the cutting depth direction, it can switch to ultrasonic vibration in the feed direction in situ to perform repeated cutting with a constant cutting depth, effectively achieving a combination of surface strengthening and surface finishing effects.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an in-situ reversing ultrasonic vibration repetitive feed end face cutting device, comprising a clamping body and an ultrasonic vibration cutting assembly. The clamping body has an arc-shaped track, and the ultrasonic vibration cutting assembly is connected to the arc-shaped track and can move along the arc-shaped track to perform in-situ reversing. The clamping body has a first positioning hole and a second positioning hole, and the ultrasonic vibration cutting assembly can be connected to the first positioning hole or the second positioning hole. When the ultrasonic vibration cutting assembly is connected to the first positioning hole, the ultrasonic transducer performs ultrasonic vibration cutting of the end face in the feed direction along the radial feed direction of the machine tool. When the ultrasonic vibration cutting assembly is connected to the second positioning hole, the ultrasonic transducer performs ultrasonic vibration cutting of the end face in the cutting depth direction along the axial direction of the machine tool spindle.

[0008] As a further technical solution, the ultrasonic vibration cutting assembly includes a support plate, which is connected to the ultrasonic transducer via a flange, and the ultrasonic transducer is connected to the machining tool.

[0009] As a further technical solution, the support plate is connected to the arc-shaped track of the clamping body by fastening bolts.

[0010] As a further technical solution, a support plate positioning hole is formed on the upper end face of the support plate, and the support plate positioning hole is fixedly connected to the first positioning hole or the second positioning hole by a positioning bolt.

[0011] As a further technical solution, the fixture body is configured as an L-shape, having a short side and a long side perpendicular to each other, the short side being parallel to the machine tool spindle axis, and the long side being along the radial feed direction of the machine tool; the first positioning hole is provided on the short side of the fixture body, and the second positioning hole is provided on the long side of the fixture body.

[0012] As a further technical solution, the direction of the machining tool when the ultrasonic vibration cutting assembly is connected to the first positioning hole is perpendicular to the direction of the machining tool when the ultrasonic vibration cutting assembly is connected to the second positioning hole.

[0013] As a further technical solution, the first positioning hole is located on the outside of the arc track of the short side of the clamp body, and the center thereof and the center of the nearest arc track top end form a straight line parallel to the short side of the clamp body; the second positioning hole is located on the inside of the arc track of the long side of the clamp body, and the center thereof and the center of the nearest arc track top end form a straight line parallel to the long side of the clamp body.

[0014] As a further technical solution, the center of the arc track is the tool tip of the machining tool, and when the ultrasonic vibration cutting assembly is connected to the arc track and moves, the tool tip of the machining tool is always at the center of the arc track.

[0015] As a further technical solution, the top of the clamp body is further provided with a positioning plate, and the positioning plate is installed on the tool holder of the machine tool.

[0016] In a second aspect, the application further provides a working method of the in-situ reversing ultrasonic vibration repeated tool-path end face cutting device, which comprises the following steps:

[0017] The ultrasonic vibration cutting assembly is fixedly connected to the second positioning hole of the clamp body, the ultrasonic vibrator is parallel to the workpiece axial direction, and end face ultrasonic vibration cutting in the cutting depth direction is performed; after machining is completed, the ultrasonic vibration cutting assembly is pushed to move along the arc track, and then the ultrasonic vibration cutting assembly is fixedly connected to the first positioning hole of the clamp body, the ultrasonic vibrator is perpendicular to the workpiece axial direction, and end face ultrasonic vibration cutting in the feed direction is performed, thereby completing the in-situ reversing ultrasonic vibration repeated tool-path cutting.

[0018] The application has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The in-situ reversing ultrasonic vibration repeated tool-path end face cutting device of the application has the following advantages: the ultrasonic vibration cutting assembly is connected to the arc track and the positioning hole of the clamp body, end face ultrasonic vibration cutting in the feed direction can be performed when the ultrasonic vibration cutting assembly is connected to the first positioning hole, end face ultrasonic vibration cutting in the cutting depth direction can be performed when the ultrasonic vibration cutting assembly is connected to the second positioning hole, and the ultrasonic vibration cutting assembly only needs to move along the arc track to realize reversing cutting in two directions, the ultrasonic vibration cutting direction can be quickly switched without changing the position of the tool tip, and the combination of ultrasonic vibration cutting in the cutting depth direction and the feed direction is realized.

[0020] The in-situ reversing ultrasonic vibration repeated tool-path end face cutting device of the application can be switched to ultrasonic vibration in the feed direction in situ after completing ultrasonic vibration cutting in the cutting depth direction, repeated tool-path cutting with unchanged cutting depth is performed, the combination of processing surface layer strengthening and surface finishing is efficiently realized, and the surface quality of ultrasonic vibration cutting is comprehensively improved.

[0021] The in-situ reversing ultrasonic vibration repeated tool-path face cutting device of the present application does not need to disassemble the ultrasonic vibrator when switching the ultrasonic vibration direction, and the switching process is simple and convenient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] The drawings accompanying the specification of this application form a part thereof, serve to provide further understanding of the application, and together with the description of the exemplary embodiments of the application, explain the application, and do not limit the application.

[0023] Fig. 1 Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the in-situ reversing ultrasonic vibration repeated tool-path face cutting device of the present application (vibration cutting in the cutting depth direction);

[0024] Fig. 2 Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the in-situ reversing ultrasonic vibration repeated tool-path face cutting device of the present application (vibration cutting in the feed direction);

[0025] In the drawings, the mutual spacing or size is exaggerated to show the positions of various parts, and the schematic diagrams are only used for illustration.

[0026] In the drawings, the mutual spacing or size is exaggerated to show the positions of various parts, and the schematic diagrams are only used for illustration. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the application. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.

[0028] In a typical embodiment of the present application, as shown in Fig. 1, an in-situ reversing ultrasonic vibration repeated tool-path face cutting device is proposed, which comprises a clamping body 1, the clamping body 1 is provided with an arc-shaped track 4; an ultrasonic vibration cutting assembly is connected to the arc-shaped track 4 and can move along the arc-shaped track 4 for in-situ reversing. Figs. 1-2

[0029] In the drawings, the mutual spacing or size is exaggerated to show the positions of various parts, and the schematic diagrams are only used for illustration.

[0030] The upper end surface of the support plate 7 is provided with a positioning hole (not shown in the drawings), the clamping body 1 is provided with a first positioning hole 6 and a second positioning hole 12, and the positioning hole of the support plate 7 is fixedly connected with the first positioning hole 6 or the second positioning hole 12 of the clamping body 1 through a positioning bolt 3, so as to assist in positioning and fastening the support plate. ​

[0031] In this embodiment, the clamping body 1 is L-shaped, having a short side 13 and a long side 14, wherein the short side 13 is parallel to the spindle axial direction of the machine tool, and the long side 14 is along the radial feed direction of the machine tool. The first positioning hole 6 is arranged on the short side 13 of the clamping body 1, and the second positioning hole 12 is arranged on the long side 14 of the clamping body 1. The first positioning hole 6 is located outside the top of the arc track of the short side of the L-shaped clamping body, and the center thereof forms a straight line parallel to the short side of the L-shaped clamping body with the center of the nearest top arc track. The second positioning hole 12 is located inside the arc track of the long side of the L-shaped clamping body, and the center thereof forms a straight line parallel to the long side of the L-shaped clamping body with the center of the nearest top arc track. When the support plate positioning hole is fastened to the first positioning hole 6, the direction of the machining tool is perpendicular to the direction of the machining tool when the support plate positioning hole is fastened to the second positioning hole 12, so that only the connection position of the support plate in the arc track and the fastening position of the support plate positioning hole need to be changed to realize the in-situ reversing of the machining tool.

[0032] When the support plate positioning hole is fastened to the first positioning hole 6, the support plate 7 is connected to the top of the arc track 4 of the short side of the clamping body 1 through the fastening bolt 2, the ultrasonic vibrator is parallel to the long side of the L-shaped clamping body, and the ultrasonic vibrator is along the radial feed direction of the machine tool to perform end face ultrasonic vibration cutting in the feed direction; when the support plate positioning hole is fastened to the second positioning hole 12, the support plate 7 is connected to the top of the arc track of the long side of the clamping body 1 through the fastening bolt 2, the ultrasonic vibrator is parallel to the short side of the L-shaped clamping body, and the ultrasonic vibrator is along the spindle axial direction of the machine tool to perform end face ultrasonic vibration cutting in the cutting depth direction.

[0033] In this embodiment, the machining tool is a turning tool piece 10, which is fastened to the amplitude rod of the ultrasonic vibrator 9 through a bolt, and the amplitude rod of the ultrasonic vibrator is fixed to the support plate through a flange.

[0034] In the preferred embodiment, the center of the arc track 4 of the clamping body 1 is the tool tip of the machining tool, and when the support plate is connected to the arc track and moves, the tool tip of the machining tool is always at the center of the arc track to ensure that the tool tip position is not changed during reversing.

[0035] The top of the clamping body 1 is also provided with a positioning plate 5, which can be fixedly connected with a force measuring instrument, an extension block, etc. and installed on the tool holder of the machine tool to perform cutting.

[0036] The working principle of the cutting device is as follows:

[0037] In operation, the support plate is first fixedly installed at one end of the long side of the clamping body together with the ultrasonic vibration machining tool, at this time the ultrasonic vibrator is parallel to the workpiece axial direction, and end face ultrasonic vibration cutting in the cutting depth direction is performed; after machining is completed, the positioning bolt is unscrewed, the fastening bolt on the arc-shaped track is loosened, the support plate together with the ultrasonic vibration machining tool is pushed to move along the arc-shaped track to the short side end of the clamping body, after moving into position, the fastening bolt is locked, the positioning bolt is inserted, at this time the ultrasonic vibrator is perpendicular to the workpiece axial direction, end face ultrasonic vibration cutting in the feed direction is performed, and in-situ reversing ultrasonic vibration repeated feed cutting is completed.

[0038] The specific cutting process is as follows:

[0039] The ultrasonic vibrator 9 is connected to the support plate 7 through the flange 8, the support plate 7 is connected to the arc-shaped track 4 and the second positioning hole 12 of the clamping body 1 through the fastening bolt 2 and the positioning bolt 3, and the clamping body 1 is connected to the force gauge or the extension block installed on the tool holder of the machine tool through the positioning plate 5, that is, end face ultrasonic vibration cutting in the cutting depth direction can be performed on the workpiece 11; at this time, the high-frequency stamping effect of the tool can promote strong plastic deformation of the machined surface layer material, improve the grain refinement effect, increase the residual compressive stress, and play a surface layer strengthening effect.

[0040] After machining is completed, the positioning bolt 3 is unscrewed, the fastening bolt 2 on the arc-shaped track 4 is loosened, the support plate 7 together with the ultrasonic vibration machining tool is pushed to move along the arc-shaped track 4 to the short side of the clamping body 1, after moving into position, the fastening bolt 2 is locked, the positioning bolt 3 is inserted into the first positioning hole 6, that is, end face ultrasonic vibration cutting in the feed direction can be performed on the workpiece 11; at this time, the tool mainly processes the elastic recovery layer of the ultrasonic vibration turned surface in the cutting depth direction, the reciprocating ironing effect of the tool is used to obtain a lower roughness than the surface machined without vibration, and the existing grain refinement effect of the machined surface layer is retained, so that the combination of the machined surface layer strengthening and the surface finishing effect is realized.

[0041] The cutting device has novel conception and compact structure, can combine cutting in the cutting depth direction and in the feed direction, efficiently realize the combination of the machined surface layer strengthening and the surface finishing effect, and provides a new idea and condition for the development of high-quality ultrasonic vibration cutting technology.

[0042] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not used to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes can be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method of operating an in-situ reversing ultrasonic vibration repeat- pass face cutting apparatus, characterized by, The in-situ reversing ultrasonic vibration repeated feed end face cutting device comprises a clamping body and an ultrasonic vibration cutting assembly, the clamping body is provided with an arc-shaped track, and the ultrasonic vibration cutting assembly is connected to the arc-shaped track and can move along the arc-shaped track for in-situ reversing; the clamping body is provided with a first positioning hole and a second positioning hole, the ultrasonic vibration cutting assembly can be connected to the first positioning hole or the second positioning hole, when the ultrasonic vibration cutting assembly is connected to the first positioning hole, the ultrasonic vibrator moves along a radial feed direction of a machine tool for feed direction end face ultrasonic vibration cutting, and when the ultrasonic vibration cutting assembly is connected to the second positioning hole, the ultrasonic vibrator moves along an axial direction of a machine tool spindle for cutting depth direction end face ultrasonic vibration cutting; the ultrasonic vibration cutting assembly comprises a support plate, the support plate is connected to the ultrasonic vibrator through a flange, and the ultrasonic vibrator is connected to a machining tool; the direction of the machining tool when the ultrasonic vibration cutting assembly is connected to the first positioning hole is perpendicular to the direction of the machining tool when the ultrasonic vibration cutting assembly is connected to the second positioning hole; The working method comprises the following steps: The ultrasonic vibration cutting assembly is fixedly connected to the second positioning hole of the clamping body, the ultrasonic vibrator is parallel to the axial direction of the workpiece, and cutting depth direction end face ultrasonic vibration cutting is performed; after machining is completed, the ultrasonic vibration cutting assembly is moved along the arc-shaped track, then the ultrasonic vibration cutting assembly is fixedly connected to the first positioning hole of the clamping body, the ultrasonic vibrator is perpendicular to the axial direction of the workpiece, and feed direction end face ultrasonic vibration cutting is performed, thereby completing in-situ reversing ultrasonic vibration repeated feed cutting.

2. The method of operating an in situ reversing ultrasonic vibration power crossfeed tool as described in claim 1, wherein, The support plate is connected to the arc-shaped track of the clamping body through fastening bolts.

3. The method of operating an in situ reversing ultrasonic vibration power crossfeed tool as described in claim 1, wherein, The upper end surface of the support plate is provided with a support plate positioning hole, and the support plate positioning hole is fixedly connected to the first positioning hole or the second positioning hole through positioning bolts.

4. The method of operating an in situ reversing ultrasonic vibration power crossfeed tool as described in claim 1, wherein, The clamping body is provided in an L shape, and has a short side and a long side which are perpendicular to each other, the short side is parallel to the axial direction of the machine tool spindle, and the long side is along the radial feed direction of the machine tool; the first positioning hole is arranged on the short side of the clamping body, and the second positioning hole is arranged on the long side of the clamping body.

5. The method of operating an in situ reversing ultrasonic vibration power crossfeed tool as described in claim 1, wherein, The first positioning hole is located outside the top end of the arc-shaped track of the short side of the clamping body, and the center thereof and the center of the nearest top end circular arc of the arc-shaped track form a straight line which is parallel to the short side of the clamping body; the second positioning hole is located inside the arc-shaped track of the long side of the clamping body, and the center thereof and the center of the nearest top end circular arc of the arc-shaped track form a straight line which is parallel to the long side of the clamping body.

6. The method of operating an in situ reversing ultrasonic vibration power crossfeed endmill as described in claim 1, wherein, The center of the arc-shaped track is the tip of the machining tool, and when the ultrasonic vibration cutting assembly is connected to the arc-shaped track and moves, the tip of the machining tool is always at the center of the arc-shaped track.

7. The method of operating an in situ reversing ultrasonic vibration power crossfeed endmill as described in claim 1, wherein, The clamping body is further provided with a positioning plate, and the positioning plate is mounted on the tool rest of the machine tool.

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