A multi-hazard resilient protection structure

Abstract

The present invention discloses a multi-hazard resilient protection structure, which includes: a sacrificial hanging plate, a support spring, a damper, and a bottom plate. The sacrificial hanging plate is composed of a flat box and a foam concrete core layer. The sacrificial hanging plate core layer absorbs more energy during the compression process, thereby improving the explosion protection performance of the structure; the support spring can not only adjust the natural frequency of the TMD, but also reduce the explosion load transmitted to the protected structure; a number of transverse dampers are provided between the sacrificial hanging plate and the bottom plate. When the sacrificial hanging plate performs inertial motion under the action of an earthquake, the connecting rod mechanism will drive the damper to produce relative motion, thereby achieving the effect of energy dissipation and shock absorption. The present invention reduces the dynamic response of the structure under seismic excitation by offsetting or absorbing the input vibration energy through the relative movement of the sacrificial hanging plate and the main structure, and at the same time utilizes the energy absorption characteristics of the sacrificial hanging plate core layer under the action of the explosion load to perform structural explosion resistance, thereby achieving multi-hazard resilient protection of the structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a multi-disaster toughness protection structure, which can be used to improve the multi-disaster resistance performance of a building structure under explosion load and earthquake action, and belongs to the field of building structure protection. Background Art

[0002] Civil infrastructure, including civil buildings and projects such as energy and lifelines, provides important services and convenience for people's lives. In recent years, extreme events (such as earthquakes, hurricanes, tornadoes, storm surges, accidents and explosions caused by terrorist attacks) have demonstrated the vulnerability of buildings and transportation infrastructure to sudden loss of function. Therefore, infrastructure needs to be designed, constructed and maintained considering the impact of multiple disasters to fully resist the impact of extreme loads and maintain its continuous service performance. One solution to improve the performance of structures under extreme loads is performance-based design. A common strategy is to adjust the stiffness and damping of the structure according to demand so that the generated dynamic response meets the specified working performance requirements. For seismic loads, the target response can usually be achieved by installing various types of seismic isolation devices, such as laminated rubber bearings, friction dampers, buckling-resistance braces, tuned mass dampers (TMD), etc.

[0003] New materials and new structural forms can be used to improve the explosion resistance of newly built structures, such as ultra-high performance concrete. At the same time, a large number of important existing structures or load-bearing components also need to be protected. For this reason, sacrificial panels and explosion-proof walls based on foam aluminum sandwich panels, origami structures and foam concrete are widely used to improve the explosion resistance of existing structures. Among them, sacrificial panels have become a current research hotspot due to their light weight and efficient energy absorption performance.

[0004] During its entire life cycle, structures will be subjected to the combined effects of permanent loads, variable loads, and accidental loads. Extreme accidental loads such as strong earthquakes and explosions can cause huge damage to structures and seriously threaten human life and property safety. However, in traditional structural design, researchers usually only develop and design corresponding protective structures for a single type of disaster (such as earthquake resistance, explosion resistance, wind resistance, etc.), and rarely consider designing protective structures that can cope with multiple extreme accidental loads, resulting in serious deficiencies in the multi-disaster resistance of structures. Considering the multiple and multiple disasters that structures may suffer during their entire life cycle, and designing reasonable multi-disaster protection structures, this has important theoretical significance and application value for ensuring the safety of engineering structures and comprehensively improving the disaster prevention and mitigation capabilities of the entire society. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to propose a tough protective structure that can be used to resist multiple disasters. The seismic resistance method used is a typical passive control. Due to the advantages of simple structure, economy, and easy maintenance of the passive control device, it has been widely used in actual seismic engineering. In the present invention, the sacrificial hanging plate, the damper, and the support spring together form a tuned mass damper (TMD). The sacrificial hanging plate generates inertial force under the action of an earthquake. The relative movement between the sacrificial hanging plate and the main structure offsets or absorbs the input disturbance force or the vibration energy of the structural control vibration mode, so that the dynamic response of the structure under earthquake, wind or other environmental excitation is significantly reduced. At the same time, the energy absorption characteristics of the core layer of the sacrificial hanging plate under the action of explosion load can be used to resist the explosion of the structure, thereby realizing the multi-disaster protection of the structure. In addition, the protective structure can directly replace the damaged part after being damaged by an earthquake or explosion load, which is easy to operate. Compared with the maintenance of the main building structure, the economic cost and time cost are significantly reduced, and the repairability of the building structure is greatly improved.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] The multi-hazard toughness protection structure comprises: a sacrificial hanging plate, a support spring, a damper, and a bottom plate. The sacrificial hanging plate is composed of a flat box and a foam concrete core layer. The support spring is welded to the upper / lower connecting plate. The upper and lower connecting plates are respectively installed on the sacrificial hanging plate and the bottom plate by bolt connection. Further,

[0008] A plurality of transverse dampers are arranged around the sacrificial hanging plate and the bottom plate, and the two ends of the dampers are installed parallel to the sacrificial hanging plate and the bottom plate through a connecting rod mechanism, and the connecting rod mechanism includes four fixed bases, four fixed plates, six pins and four connecting rods, one end of two connecting rods on one side is connected through a pin, and one end of two connecting rods on the other side is also connected through a pin, and the connecting rods can rotate around the pin, and the other ends of the four connecting rods are respectively installed on different fixed bases through pins, and the four fixed bases are respectively connected to the four fixed plates, and the two ends of the damper are connected through two pins. When the sacrificial hanging plate performs inertial motion under the action of an earthquake, the connecting rod mechanism will drive the damper to produce relative motion, thereby achieving the effect of energy consumption and shock absorption.

[0009] A multi-disaster resilient protection structure, characterized in that it includes: a sacrificial hanging plate 1, a supporting spring 4, a damper 6 and a bottom plate 8; wherein the sacrificial hanging plate 1 is composed of a flat box 11 and a core layer 15; the supporting spring 4 is welded to an upper connecting plate 42 and a lower connecting plate 43, and the upper connecting plate 42 and the lower connecting plate 43 are installed between the sacrificial hanging plate 1 and the bottom plate 8 by bolt connection; a plurality of transverse dampers 6 are arranged around the sacrificial hanging plate 1 and the bottom plate 8, and each damper is installed parallel to the sacrificial hanging plate 1 and the bottom plate 8 at both ends through a connecting rod mechanism 7; each connecting rod mechanism 7 is a symmetrical structure, including four fixed bases, Four fixed plates, six pins and four connecting rods, the four fixed bases include two upper fixed bases and two lower fixed bases; the four connecting rods include two first connecting rods and two second connecting rods; the tail end of the first connecting rod and the top end of the second connecting rod on one side are connected by a pin, and the tail end of the first connecting rod and the top end of the second connecting rod on the other side are also connected by another pin, and the two ends of the damper 6 are connected by two pins; the top ends of the two first connecting rods are respectively installed on the upper fixed base through pins, and the tail ends of the two second connecting rods are installed on the lower fixed base through pins; the four fixed bases are respectively connected to the four fixed plates, and the four connecting rods can rotate around the pins.

[0010] Preferably, the flat box is composed of six plates (a top plate, four side plates, and a back plate), wherein adjacent side plates, and side plates and top plates are welded. Several bolt holes are provided on the side plates of the flat box, and the back plate of the flat box is connected to the side plates of the flat box by angle steel. In order to realize the connection of the back plate and the side plate angle steel, the horizontal dimensions (length and width) of the back plate of the flat box should be larger than the dimensions of the top plate of the flat box, and several bolt holes are provided on the back plate of the flat box to facilitate the connection with the support spring. In order to save space, the height of the flat box is generally smaller than its length and width. The flat box is used as a container, and a compressible core layer that resists the explosion load is added therein. In the process of the core layer being compressed by the load, the top plate of the flat box can apply the explosion load more evenly to the core layer and reduce the energy input to the core layer. At the same time, the flat box plays a restraining role on the core layer, which not only makes the core layer fully compressed, but also can improve the compression strength of the core layer. The flat box can also serve as the main mass source of TMD to provide inertia force to resist earthquake action.

[0011] Preferably, the mass of the TMD mass source has a significant impact on the structural vibration control effect. Therefore, the flat box is used as the main mass source of the TMD, and its geometric dimensions can be optimized according to actual engineering conditions and engineering overview to give full play to the seismic performance of the TMD.

[0012] Preferably, the core layer of the sacrificial hanging board is recommended to use a foam concrete porous material with buffering and energy absorption. The foam concrete material has a long stress platform and absorbs more energy in the process of layer-by-layer crushing under pressure. The load transferred to the protected structure during the compression of the core layer is the platform stress of the sacrificial hanging board, which avoids the phenomenon of stress concentration. It is beneficial to alleviate the explosion load and improve the protective performance of the structure from the perspective of energy absorption or load transfer. In addition, foam concrete also has the advantages of easy casting and molding, convenient construction, low cost, light weight and environmental protection.

[0013] Preferably, the mass of the foam concrete core layer is smaller than that of the flat box, but it can still serve as a secondary mass source of the TMD to provide part of the inertial force to resist earthquake action. Therefore, in actual engineering, different densities can be reasonably selected for different working conditions, thereby changing the mass, compression strength and energy absorption capacity of the foam concrete, thereby exerting its performance in resisting multiple disasters.

[0014] Preferably, according to the engineering requirements, the damper can be a viscous damper, a friction damper or other different types of dampers, all of which have the function of providing damping for the TMD and dissipating vibration energy through the damping system, thereby achieving a shock absorption or wind resistance effect.

[0015] Preferably, the function of the support spring is to adjust the natural frequency of the TMD to make it close to the fundamental frequency or excitation frequency of the structure, so as to achieve an optimal or near-optimal tuning state and realize effective control of structural vibration. Therefore, the type, parameters and number of support springs can be selected according to the structural characteristics in actual engineering.

[0016] Preferably, the support spring is used as a flexible connection device to connect the sacrificial hanging plate to the protected structure. The sacrificial hanging plate and the support spring together constitute a hanging plate-connector system. Under the action of the explosion load, the sacrificial hanging plate consumes most of the energy by compressing the core layer. After the core layer is compressed to a certain extent, the support spring deforms, and the load action time is increased by spring deformation, thereby reducing the peak load transferred to the protected structure. During the deformation of the spring, the remaining energy is consumed in the form of elastic potential energy. If there is any undissipated energy, it will continue to be transferred to the protected structure. During the compression of the core layer, the support spring provides restoring force for the sacrificial hanging plate. Therefore, each support spring can be regarded as a self-restoring toughness unit of the sacrificial hanging plate. The support spring is used to realize the self-reset of the protective structure after the explosion impact, so that the protective structure can quickly return to normal use function. Provide effective toughness protection for the main structure in extreme cases such as serial explosions or secondary disasters.

[0017] Preferably, the bottom plate is provided with a plurality of bolt holes, wherein the bolt holes at the four corners of the bottom plate are relatively large so as to fix the multi-hazard resilient protection structure to the protected structure. In addition, the bottom plate can reduce the explosion load transmitted by the support spring. The welding between the support spring and the connecting plate can be performed by arc welding, submerged arc welding, etc. The upper and lower connecting plates of the support spring are provided with a plurality of bolt holes and can be connected with the sacrificial hanging plate and the bottom plate by bolt connection. The damper is installed between the sacrificial hanging plate and the bottom plate through a connecting rod mechanism. The fixed base and the fixed plate in the connecting rod mechanism are welded, and the upper and lower fixed plates are provided with a plurality of bolt holes and are respectively installed on the sacrificial hanging plate and the bottom plate by bolt connection. The key parts of the multi-hazard resilient protection structure are connected by modular assembly, which makes the installation and maintenance and reinforcement of the protection structure more convenient, greatly reducing the time and economic cost. Therefore, important components (such as sacrificial hanging plates, dampers, support springs, etc.) can be removed after energy dissipation deformation or damage, and new components can be reinstalled, thereby realizing the resilient protection of the structure.

[0018] Preferably, the materials used for the plates can be low-carbon steel plates, stainless steel plates, alloy steels, plastic steels, and the like.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0020] (1) The multi-hazard toughness protection structure of the present invention offsets or absorbs the input disturbance force or the vibration energy of the structure control vibration mode through the relative movement between the sacrificial hanging plate and the main structure, so that the dynamic response of the structure under earthquake, wind or other environmental excitations is significantly reduced. At the same time, the energy absorption characteristics of the core layer of the sacrificial hanging plate under the action of explosion load can be used to resist the explosion of the structure, thereby realizing the multi-hazard protection of the structure.

[0021] (2) The support spring in the present invention can not only consume the energy transmitted by the sacrificial hanging plate, but also reduce the peak load transmitted to the protected structure. In addition, the support spring can be regarded as a self-recovering toughness unit of the sacrificial hanging plate, and the support spring is used to realize the self-reset function of the protective structure after the explosion impact, so that the protective structure can provide effective toughness protection for the main structure in extreme situations such as chain explosions.

[0022] (3) The present invention can change the energy consumption performance of the core layer and the mass of the secondary mass source by adjusting the density of the core layer. Therefore, the core layer can be optimized in consideration of the multi-disaster protection performance of the core layer, thereby maximizing practicality and economy.

[0023] (4) The multi-disaster protection structure of the present invention adopts a modular assembly method, which makes installation and maintenance and reinforcement more convenient, greatly reducing time and economic costs.

[0024] (5) The material used for the core layer of the sacrificial hanging board in the present invention is light in weight, energy-saving and environmentally friendly, simple to manufacture, and the multi-disaster protection structure is installed on the wall, so the material properties of the core layer such as thermal insulation, heat insulation, fire resistance, and sound insulation can be fully utilized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the planed surface of the sacrificial hanging plate structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the planed surface of a flat box of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the damper of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the support spring of the present invention.

[0030] In the figure: 1. sacrificial hanging plate; 11. flat box; 12. flat box top plate; 13. flat box back plate; 14. flat box side plate; 15. core layer; 2. bolt hole; 3. angle steel; 4. support spring; 41. spring; 42. upper connecting plate; 43. lower connecting plate; 5. bolt; 6. damper; 7. connecting rod mechanism; 71. upper fixed base; 72. lower fixed base; 73. upper fixed plate; 74. lower fixed plate; 75. pin shaft; 76. first connecting rod; 77. second connecting rod; 8. bottom plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention will be further described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation modes, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific implementation modes.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention is a multi-disaster toughness protection structure, which is composed of a sacrificial hanging plate 1, a supporting spring 4, a damper 6, and a bottom plate 8.

[0033] The installation steps are now described using a multi-hazard resilient protection structure for building walls as an example.

[0034] As the mass ratio of TMD to the overall building structure increases, the vibration reduction effect will be better. When the mass ratio gradually increases to a certain value, the change trend tends to be stable. Therefore, the mass of the mass source in TMD can be selected as appropriate according to actual conditions. Usually, the mass ratio is 1% or slightly larger. After the mass ratio is selected, the mass of TMD is calculated according to the mass of the overall building structure, and the mass of TMD required to be installed on a wall is determined in combination with the number and area of ​​the walls, and then the geometric size and number of the sacrificial hanging plate 1 are designed.

[0035] The sacrificial hanging plate 1 is composed of a flat box 11 and a core layer 15. First, the flat box 11 is made, and the flat box side panels 14 and the flat box top panel 12 of the designed size are welded together to form a flat box 11 without a flat box back panel 13. Then, water, cement and admixtures are mixed into cement slurry according to the set mix ratio, and then foam is added according to the set density and stirred evenly to form a foam concrete slurry, which is poured into the flat box 11 without the flat box back panel 13 and vibrated evenly. Curing is carried out according to the specified age to ensure that the foam concrete is completely solidified and hardened to produce strength. In order to facilitate the installation of the support spring 4, it is necessary to open a bolt hole 2 on the flat box back panel 13. The diameter of the bolt hole 2 can be opened to 1.0cm-2.0cm, and the spacing between two adjacent bolt holes 2 can be set to 3.5cm-5cm as needed. The distance between the bolt holes 2 at the edges of the four sides can be set to 1.0cm-2.0cm from the edge of the plate. Bolt holes 2 are evenly opened on the angle steel 3, and their diameters are consistent with the bolt holes 2 of the flat box back plate 13. Finally, the flat box back plate 13 is connected with other parts of the flat box 11 by using the angle steel 3 and bolts 5 to make a sacrificial hanging plate 1 filled with foam concrete.

[0036] The function of the support spring 4 is to adjust the natural frequency of the TMD so that it is close to the fundamental frequency or excitation frequency of the structure, so as to achieve the optimal or near-optimal tuning state and realize effective control of the structural vibration. Therefore, the type, parameters and quantity of the spring 41 can be selected according to the structural characteristics in the actual project. For the convenience of installation, the spring 41 is connected to the sacrificial hanging plate 1 and the bottom plate 8 respectively by using the upper connecting plate 42 and the lower connecting plate 43. The upper connecting plate 42 is provided with two bolt holes 2, and the diameter can be provided with 1.0cm-2.0cm, which corresponds to the size of the bolt holes 2 on the flat box back plate 13. The lower connecting plate 43 is provided with two bolt holes 2, and the diameter can be provided with 2.0cm-3.0cm, which corresponds to the size of the bolt holes 2 at the four corners of the bottom plate 8. Except for the four corners of the bottom plate 8, the bolt holes 2 opened on the bottom plate 8 can have a diameter of 1.0cm-2.0cm, corresponding to the size of the bolt holes 2 on the upper connecting plate 42. The bolt holes 2 at the four corners of the bottom plate 8 are larger (can be set to 2.0cm-3.0cm) to fix the multi-disaster resilient protection structure to the protected wall. The spring 41 is connected to the upper connecting plate 42 and the lower connecting plate 43 by welding, and then the upper connecting plate 42 and the lower connecting plate 43 of the spring 41 are connected to the sacrificial hanging plate 1 and the bottom plate 8 respectively by bolts 5. Each supporting spring can be regarded as a self-restoring resilient unit of the sacrificial hanging plate. Except for the supporting springs at the four corners, each adjacent self-restoring resilient unit is evenly spaced, and the spacing can be 8.0cm-10.0cm, and is installed in sequence.

[0037] According to the needs of the project, select the appropriate type of damper 6 to provide damping for TMD, dissipate vibration energy through the damping system, and achieve the effect of shock absorption or wind resistance. The number of dampers is determined according to the actual project. A number of transverse dampers 6 are arranged around the sacrificial hanging plate 1 and the base plate 8. Both ends of each damper are installed in parallel between the sacrificial hanging plate 1 and the base plate 8 through a connecting rod mechanism 7; each connecting rod mechanism 7 includes four fixed bases, four fixed plates, six pins and four connecting rods, wherein the tail end of the first connecting rod 76 on one side and the top end of the second connecting rod 77 are connected through a pin 75, wherein the tail end of the first connecting rod 76 on the other side and the top end of the second connecting rod 77 are also connected through a pin 75, and both connecting rods can rotate around the pin 75, and the top ends of the two first connecting rods 76 are respectively installed on the upper fixed base 7 through the pin 75 1, the tail ends of the two second connecting rods 77 are installed on the lower fixed base 72 through the pin shaft 75; the upper fixed plate 73 and the lower fixed plate 74 are each provided with four bolt holes 2, the diameter of which can be opened to 1.0cm-2.0cm, corresponding to the size of the bolt holes 2 of the flat box back plate 13 and the bottom plate 8 (except the four corners); then the upper fixed base 71 and the lower fixed base 72 are welded to the upper fixed plate 73 and the lower fixed plate 74 respectively, and the upper fixed plate 73 and the lower fixed plate 74 are connected to the sacrificial hanging plate 1 and the bottom plate 8 by bolt connection; the two ends of the damper 6 are connected by two pin shafts 75. Repeat the above steps according to the number of dampers, and complete the installation of the dampers in sequence. After the above steps are completed, the multi-hazard toughness protection structure is fixed to the wall by bolts 5 based on the bolt holes 2 at the four corners of the bottom plate 8.

Claims

1. A multi-hazard resilient protection structure, characterized in that: include: A sacrificial hanging plate (1), a supporting spring (4), a damper (6) and a bottom plate (8); wherein the sacrificial hanging plate (1) is composed of a flat box (11) and a core layer (15); the flat box side plates (14) and the flat box top plate (12) are welded together to form a flat box (11) lacking a flat box back plate (13); then water, cement and an admixture are mixed according to a set mix ratio to form cement slurry; then foam is added according to a set density and stirred evenly to form a foam concrete slurry, which is poured to the flat box back plate (13). ) is vibrated evenly in the flat box (11), and the flat box back plate (13) is connected with the flat box side plate (14) and the flat box top plate (12) by using angle steel (3) and bolts (5), so that the sacrificial hanging plate (1) filled with foam concrete can be manufactured; the supporting spring (4) is welded to the upper connecting plate (42) and the lower connecting plate (43), and the sacrificial hanging plate (1) and the supporting spring (4) together constitute a hanging plate-connector system, and the upper connecting plate (42) and the lower connecting plate ( 43) is installed between the sacrificial hanging plate (1) and the bottom plate (8) by bolt connection; a plurality of transverse dampers (6) are arranged around the sacrificial hanging plate (1) and the bottom plate (8), and the two ends of each damper are installed in parallel between the sacrificial hanging plate (1) and the bottom plate (8) through a connecting rod mechanism (7); each connecting rod mechanism (7) is a symmetrical structure, including four fixed bases, four fixed plates, six pins and four connecting rods, and the four fixed bases include two upper fixed bases and two lower fixed bases; the four connecting rods include Two first connecting rods and two second connecting rods; the tail end of the first connecting rod on one side and the top end of the second connecting rod are connected through a pin shaft, and the tail end of the first connecting rod (76) on the other side and the top end of the second connecting rod (77) are also connected through another pin shaft, and the two ends of the damper (6) are connected through two pin shafts; the top ends of the two first connecting rods are respectively installed on the upper fixed base through the pin shafts, and the tail ends of the two second connecting rods are installed on the lower fixed base through the pin shafts; the four fixed bases are respectively connected to four fixed plates, and the four connecting rods can rotate around the pin shafts; The flat box (11) not only serves as a container for the compressible core layer (15), but also serves as the main mass source of the TMD; The core layer (15) is made of foam concrete, foam aluminum, polyurethane foam or polystyrene foam porous material; The core layer (15) serves as a secondary mass source of TMD; The key parts of the multi-hazard resilient protection structure are all prefabricated components, and are connected using a modular assembly method so that the protection structure can be assembled on site.

2. A multi-hazard resilient protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The damper (6) is a viscous damper or a friction damper.

3. The multi-hazard resilient protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supporting spring (4) not only adjusts the natural frequency of the TMD, but also serves as a self-restoring toughness unit of the sacrificial hanging plate (1).

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