Air conditioner main unit with low-positioned fan and equipment platform thereof

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of high-efficiency and energy-saving air conditioning technology, and discloses an air conditioning unit with a low-positioned fan and its equipment platform. The air conditioning unit includes a casing, an external heat exchanger, a fan, and a compressor; the external heat exchanger is located on the upper part of the casing; the fan is connected to the negative pressure chamber of the external heat exchanger and located at the lower part of the negative pressure chamber; a fan outlet is provided at the lower part of the casing; the outlet is located on the front of the casing. The fan is an axial flow fan or a centrifugal fan. An air inlet adapted to the external heat exchanger is provided on the upper part of the casing; the air inlet is located on the front, side, and / or back of the casing. Based on a two-section cavity structure, this invention's air conditioning unit adopts a complementary structural design, resulting in a simplified structure; by configuring an external heat exchanger with a large heat exchange area and a negative pressure chamber with a large flow area and low resistance, the high energy efficiency ratio and economic practicality of the air conditioning unit are ensured; the innovative airflow structure creates conditions for the integration of the air conditioning unit with the exterior facade of the equipment platform.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of high-efficiency and energy-saving air conditioning technology, and more specifically, relates to an air conditioning unit with a low-positioned fan and its equipment platform. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the airflow structure of the external heat exchanger module of residential air conditioning units is a typical paradigm oriented towards open atmospheric environments: "large-area low-speed air intake on the side and back + medium-speed exhaust from multiple fans on the front, side-in, side-out airflow." Existing residential air conditioning units, rejecting the top-discharge structure of high-power multi-split units and continuing the classic side-discharge structure of room air conditioners, have shifted from the open atmospheric environment suspended on the building facade to an equipment platform with a decorative facade. This has resulted in serious problems of poor ventilation and deterioration in air conditioning performance.

[0003] Prior art CN207123004U discloses an outdoor unit for an air conditioner and an air conditioner. The outdoor unit includes a casing, a compressor, a condenser, and a fan disposed within the casing. The casing has an air outlet and includes a mounting bracket fixed within the casing. The mounting bracket has a mounting portion that is inclined from bottom to top towards the air outlet. The fan is fixed to the mounting portion, and the fan's air outlet direction is inclined downwards. By mounting the fan using a mounting bracket with an inclined mounting portion within the casing, the fan is positioned at an angle within the casing, and during operation, the fan's air outlet is tilted downwards. The prior art CN216716381U discloses an air supply module, an indoor air conditioning unit, and an air conditioner. The air supply module includes a housing and an adjustment device. The housing forms an air duct and two air inlets connected to the air duct. The adjustment device is located in the air duct and is used to adjust the airflow direction in the air duct so as to control the airflow to selectively enter the air duct from either of the two air inlets and exit through the other air inlet. By setting the adjustment device, the airflow direction in the air duct is adjusted so that the airflow inlet and outlet can be switched.

[0004] In recent years, architects have emphasized the decorative aspects of building and equipment platform facades. When architects conceal air conditioning units on the equipment platform facade with louvers for visual appeal, the exhaust of medium-speed (below 7m / s) air conditioning units to the outside atmosphere is obstructed. This results in increased exhaust static pressure, decreased exhaust velocity, and reduced airflow. A significant portion of the reduced exhaust airflow is blocked by the louvers and returned to the equipment platform, where it is re-inhaled by the external heat exchanger, causing airflow short-circuiting. The diffusion and dilution effect of exhaust air passing through the louvers and entering the ambient atmosphere is severely suppressed. Consequently, during summer cooling operation, the external heat exchanger experiences excessively high condensing pressure and insufficient condensate cooling; during winter heating operation, the external heat exchanger experiences excessively low evaporating pressure and a significant reduction in refrigerant circulation. The air conditioner's function as a heat transporter is thus compromised, leading to a substantial decrease in the performance of the air conditioning unit on the equipment platform compared to laboratory data. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems in the prior art, this invention provides an air conditioning unit with the fan positioned at a low level.

[0006] Another objective of this invention is to provide an equipment platform for an air conditioning unit with a fan positioned at a low level.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0008] An air conditioning unit with a low-mounted fan includes a housing, an external heat exchanger, a fan, and a compressor; the external heat exchanger is located on the upper part of the housing; the fan is connected to the negative pressure chamber of the external heat exchanger and is located below the negative pressure chamber of the external heat exchanger; the lower part of the housing is provided with a fan outlet.

[0009] Furthermore, the fan is an axial flow fan or a centrifugal fan. The centrifugal fan is a backward-curved external rotor centrifugal fan.

[0010] Furthermore, the upper part of the housing is provided with an air inlet adapted to the external heat exchanger; the air inlet is located on the front, side and / or back of the housing.

[0011] Furthermore, the negative pressure chamber of the external heat exchanger is composed of an external heat exchanger, a part of the shell, and a base plate; the external heat exchanger is the air inlet of the negative pressure chamber of the external heat exchanger.

[0012] The base plate can be horizontally, inclined, or vertically installed.

[0013] The base plate is provided with several exhaust vents for the negative pressure chambers of the external heat exchanger, and each exhaust vent is equipped with a fan.

[0014] Furthermore, the base plate is horizontally positioned, and the fan is located at the bottom of the negative pressure chamber of the external heat exchanger;

[0015] The exhaust port of the fan faces vertically downward; the exhaust port has an exhaust cavity that connects to the air outlet of the casing.

[0016] Furthermore, the angle θ between the base plate and the vertical direction is 0–90°; the angle λ between the motor shaft of the fan and the vertical direction is 0–90°.

[0017] Furthermore, the base plate is inclined, and the angle θ between the base plate and the vertical direction is 30-60°; the angle λ between the motor shaft of the fan and the vertical direction is 30-60°; preferably, the angle λ between the motor shaft of the fan and the vertical direction is 45°.

[0018] The base plate and the fan are housed inside the casing.

[0019] Furthermore, the base plate is a vertically arranged air outlet on the shell, the exhaust port and the air outlet are combined into one, and the air outlet is equipped with a fan; the exhaust port of the fan is arranged horizontally;

[0020] A connecting section is provided between the base plate and the external heat exchanger.

[0021] Furthermore, an electrical box is installed inside the negative pressure chamber of the external heat exchanger.

[0022] Furthermore, the external heat exchanger is a horizontal cross-section C-type finned tube external heat exchanger, a horizontal cross-section L-type finned tube external heat exchanger, a horizontal cross-section flat plate finned tube external heat exchanger, a horizontal cross-section V-type finned tube heat exchanger assembly, or a sawtooth-shaped zigzag finned tube heat exchanger assembly.

[0023] The horizontal cross-section V-shaped finned tube heat exchanger assembly consists of at least two flat plate finned tube heat exchangers; or it is composed of a V-shaped finned tube heat exchanger formed by bending flat plate finned tube heat exchangers; or it is composed of a flat plate finned tube heat exchanger and the V-shaped finned tube heat exchanger formed by bending flat plate finned tube heat exchangers; the cross-section of the horizontal cross-section V-shaped finned tube heat exchanger assembly perpendicular to the long side of the fins is a broken line type.

[0024] The sawtooth-shaped finned tube heat exchanger assembly is composed of one or both of the following: a number of flat plate finned tube heat exchangers or V-shaped finned tube heat exchangers, combined with a number of baffles; the sawtooth-shaped finned tube heat exchanger assembly has a sawtooth-shaped zigzag pattern on the cross-section perpendicular to the long side of the fins.

[0025] Furthermore, the negative pressure chamber and exhaust chamber of the external heat exchanger are provided with a compressor chamber for placing the fluorine circuit assembly including the compressor and electrical box; that is, the compressor chamber is side-mounted.

[0026] Alternatively, a compressor chamber, including a compressor and a gas-liquid separator, is provided in the ventilation blind area below the negative pressure chamber of the external heat exchanger, the bottom plate, or the exhaust chamber in the housing; an electrical box is provided in the ventilation blind area inside the negative pressure chamber of the external heat exchanger.

[0027] Furthermore, an exhaust section for guiding gas flow is provided at the air outlet.

[0028] Furthermore, the exhaust section is provided with several guide vanes; the guide vanes are arranged parallel to or nearly parallel to the louvers outside the air conditioning unit, or the guide vanes are arranged vertically and have an angle to guide the exhaust airflow away from the air conditioning unit.

[0029] Furthermore, the air conditioning unit is also equipped with an intermediate heat exchanger, the two heat exchange medium channels of which are the refrigerant channel and the air conditioning water channel of the air conditioning unit, respectively; the refrigerant channel is connected to the refrigerant circuit of the air conditioning unit; the air conditioning water channel is connected to the indoor heat exchanger of the air conditioning unit.

[0030] The intermediate heat exchanger is selected from plate heat exchangers, shell and tube heat exchangers, double-tube heat exchangers, or combinations thereof.

[0031] An equipment platform, wherein the air conditioning unit, with the fan positioned at a low position, is located within an outer corridor-type equipment platform, and the air outlet of the exhaust cavity faces the outer facade of the outer corridor-type equipment platform.

[0032] Furthermore, an exhaust section for guiding the airflow is provided at the air outlet of the air conditioning unit located within the outer corridor-type equipment platform.

[0033] Furthermore, several guide vanes are installed in the exhaust section of the air conditioning unit located within the outer corridor-type equipment platform; the guide vanes are arranged parallel to or nearly parallel to the louvers of the outer corridor-type equipment platform outside the air conditioning unit.

[0034] Furthermore, the exhaust section is provided with louvers on the exterior facade of the outer corridor-type equipment platform.

[0035] Furthermore, the exterior louvers of the external corridor-type equipment platform are provided with opening structures that match the exhaust section; the exhaust section is embedded in the louver opening structure.

[0036] Furthermore, the opening structure is rectangular, with its long side parallel to the bottom or side of the outer corridor-type equipment platform.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0038] The advantages of this invention, which features a low-positioned air conditioning unit with a rear-mounted fan after the external heat exchanger, include:

[0039] ① Complementary design, simple structure

[0040] This embodiment adopts a complementary structural design based on the two-section cavity structure of the air conditioning unit. The compressor is placed in the ventilation blind zone at the rear of the lower cavity and adjacent to the rear panel of the unit; the electrical box is placed in the ventilation blind zone at the front of the upper cavity and adjacent to the front panel of the unit.

[0041] This embodiment no longer sets up a separate compressor chamber. Instead, through a complementary structural design, the compressor and other refrigerant circuit components and the electrical box and other circuit components are respectively set in the lower and upper negative pressure chambers of the air conditioning unit. The structural design is simple and elegant. Furthermore, the electrical box is set in the upper ventilation blind area, located below the upper cover plate, which has good rain protection and ensures the safety of the air conditioning unit for outdoor installation and use.

[0042] ② High energy efficiency ratio and economical and practical

[0043] In this embodiment, the external heat exchanger adopts a C-shaped finned tube heat exchanger with a large ventilation surface area, and the heat exchange area of ​​the fins that expand secondary on the ventilation surface is even larger. In this embodiment, the airflow cross-sectional area of ​​the two-stage negative pressure chamber before the air intake of the fan is large, the wind speed is low, and the friction resistance is small. In this embodiment, the fan adopts an axial flow fan, which has low static pressure and large exhaust volume.

[0044] This embodiment ensures the high energy efficiency ratio and economic practicality of the air conditioning unit by configuring an external heat exchanger with a large heat exchange area and an external heat exchanger negative pressure chamber with a large flow area and low resistance.

[0045] ③ The innovative airflow structure creates conditions for the integration of the air conditioning unit with the exterior facade of the equipment platform.

[0046] Because of the modernization and fashion of architecture, because of the pursuit of visual effects of building facades by architects and owners, because of the whole society's love for "architecture is frozen music", and because of the function of louvers in sheltering from wind and rain and preventing wind, frost, snow and ice from corroding the equipment platform and air conditioning unit, the installation method of using louvers to hide the air conditioning unit on the equipment platform will become widespread and solidified. The problems of the classic "rear inlet and front exhaust" air duct of the air conditioning unit's external heat exchanger being obstructed and suppressed by louvers, resulting in increased exhaust static pressure, reduced air volume, and serious degradation of the heat exchange performance of the external heat exchanger are unavoidable.

[0047] In this embodiment, the low-positioning of the air conditioning unit's fan and air outlet creates conditions for low-resistance exhaust air from the external heat exchanger of the air conditioning unit to pass through the louvers on the exterior facade of the equipment platform. A swooping air guide is set up between the air outlet of the air conditioning unit and the louvers on the exterior facade of the equipment platform, or the exhaust section connected to the air outlet of the air conditioning unit is directly embedded in the bottom of the louvers, forming a low-resistance swooping exhaust air from the external heat exchanger to the ambient atmosphere. The direction of the exhaust airflow is parallel to or nearly parallel to the gap between the louver blades. This not only eliminates the obstruction of the air outlet of the external heat exchanger by the traditional louvers, effectively opens the air path of the external heat exchanger, and ensures the thermal performance of the air conditioning unit, but also maintains the decorative appearance of the louver facade. This achieves a perfect unity between the decorative appearance of the equipment platform facade, the visual effect of the building facade, and the excellent thermal performance of the air conditioning unit. Attached Figure Description

[0048] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional sectional view of the structure of the external air conditioning unit with a compressor installed at a low position for the fan in Example 1.

[0049] Figure 2 This is a vertical sectional view of the structure of the external air conditioning unit with a compressor installed at a low position for the fan in Example 1.

[0050] Figure 3 This is a top view of the structure of the external air conditioning unit with a compressor installed at a low position for the fan in Example 1.

[0051] Figure 4 This is a vertical sectional view of the airflow during operation of an external air conditioning unit with a compressor installed at a low position in Example 1.

[0052] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the air conditioning unit system with the rear fan of the external heat exchanger installed at a low position, as shown in Example 1.

[0053] Figure 6 This is a top view of the structure of the air conditioning unit with a zigzag finned tube heat exchanger assembly, a fan positioned low and an external compressor, as described in Example 2.

[0054] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the horizontal V-shaped finned tube heat exchanger in Example 2;

[0055] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the finned tube heat exchanger assembly in Example 2;

[0056] Figure 9 This is a horizontal cross-sectional view of the air conditioner unit in Example 2, showing how the "fin planer" at the fin gap inlet intercepts the incoming airflow and performs a stepped planing motion to slow it down as it flows into the fin gap to complete heat exchange with the fins before being discharged from the fin gap.

[0057] Figure 10This is a schematic diagram illustrating the total temperature difference between the condenser body and the evaporator body, which is the sum of the three temperature differences: the condenser body heat transfer temperature difference, the high-temperature and low-temperature heat source temperature difference, and the evaporator body heat transfer temperature difference, as shown in Example 2.

[0058] Figure 11 Example 2 shows a pressure-enthalpy diagram of the refrigeration cycle, which is a schematic diagram of the refrigeration cycle. This is because the increase in the total heat exchange area of ​​the external heat exchanger of the refrigeration and air conditioning system leads to an increase in evaporation pressure, resulting in an increase in heat absorption per unit mass of refrigerant, a decrease in compression work, an increase in COP, an increase in the refrigerant circulation volume, and an increase in heat absorption by the evaporator and heat release by the condenser.

[0059] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of an air conditioning system using an intermediate heat exchanger to output air conditioning water from the indoor unit, as shown in Example 3.

[0060] Figure 13 A three-dimensional view of the air conditioning unit with the rear fan of the external heat exchanger positioned low in Example 4;

[0061] Figure 14 This is a vertical sectional view of the air conditioning unit with the rear fan of the external heat exchanger at a low position, as shown in Example 4.

[0062] Figure 15 This is a vertical sectional view of the air conditioning unit with the rear fan of the external heat exchanger at a low position, as shown in Example 4.

[0063] Figure 16 This is a horizontal sectional view of the air conditioning unit with the rear fan of the external heat exchanger positioned low in Example 4.

[0064] Figure 17 This is a vertical sectional view of the air conditioning unit's air duct operation with the air conditioner fan positioned low behind the external heat exchanger in Example 4.

[0065] Figure 18 This is a vertical sectional view of the air conditioning unit with the rear fan of the external heat exchanger at a low position, as shown in Example 5.

[0066] Figure 19 This is a vertical sectional view of the air conditioning unit's air duct operation with the air conditioner fan positioned low behind the external heat exchanger in Example 5.

[0067] Figure 20 This is a vertical sectional view of the air conditioning unit structure with the fan shaft perpendicular to the horizontal plane and the fan positioned at a low position. (Example 6)

[0068] Figure 21 This is a vertical sectional view of the air conditioning airflow operation at a low position of the fan shaft with the fan shaft perpendicular to the horizontal plane, as shown in Example 6.

[0069] Figure 22 This is a vertical sectional view of the air conditioning unit structure with the front fan of the external heat exchanger at a low position, as shown in Example 7.

[0070] Figure 23This is a vertical sectional view of the airflow during operation of the air conditioning unit with the front fan of the external heat exchanger positioned low in Example 7.

[0071] Figure 24 This is a vertical sectional view of the air conditioning unit platform structure with the fan positioned low in Example 8.

[0072] Figure 25 This is a vertical sectional view of the air duct operation of the air conditioning unit platform with the fan positioned low in Example 8.

[0073] Figure 26 A vertical sectional view of the equipment platform structure with louvers embedded in the exhaust section of the air conditioning unit at a low position for the fan, as shown in Example 9.

[0074] Figure 27 This is a vertical sectional view of the air duct operation of the air conditioning unit platform with the fan positioned low in Example 9. Detailed Implementation

[0075] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the described embodiments without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0076] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this application shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this application do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect.

[0077] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "lateral", "longitudinal", "length", "up", "down", "left", "right", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0078] Definition: An external corridor-type equipment room platform, defined as the direction perpendicular to the external facade of the external corridor-type equipment platform as longitudinal, and the direction parallel to the external facade of the external corridor-type equipment platform as transverse.

[0079] The front of the shell is the side of the shell facing the building facade; the back is the side of the shell facing away from the building facade.

[0080] Example 1

[0081] like Figure 1-5 As shown, an air conditioning unit with a fan positioned at a low position includes a housing 1, an external heat exchanger 2, a fan 38, a compressor 121, and a gas-liquid separator 126; the external heat exchanger 2 is located on the upper part of the housing 1; the fan 38 is connected to the negative pressure chamber 124 of the external heat exchanger and is located below the negative pressure chamber 124 of the external heat exchanger; the lower part of the housing 1 is provided with an air outlet 331 for the fan 38; the air outlet 331 is located on the front of the housing 1.

[0082] The upper part of the housing 1 is provided with an air inlet 125 adapted to the external heat exchanger 2; the air inlet 125 is located on the back and side of the housing 1.

[0083] External heat exchanger 2 is an L-shaped finned tube external heat exchanger. External heat exchanger 2 is located on the back and side of shell 1, that is, external heat exchanger 2 is rear-mounted.

[0084] The negative pressure chamber 124 of the external heat exchanger is composed of an external heat exchanger 2, a portion of the shell 1, and a base plate 127; the external heat exchanger 2 is the air inlet of the negative pressure chamber 124 of the external heat exchanger.

[0085] The base plate 127 is horizontally positioned; two exhaust vents for the negative pressure chambers 124 of the external heat exchanger are provided on the base plate 127, and a fan 38 is installed at each exhaust vent. The motor shaft of the fan 38 forms an angle λ of 90° with the vertical direction.

[0086] Fan 38 is an axial flow fan.

[0087] The fan 38 is located at the bottom of the negative pressure chamber 124 of the external heat exchanger.

[0088] The exhaust port of the fan 38 faces vertically downward; the exhaust port is provided with an exhaust cavity 33 that connects to the air outlet 331 of the housing 1.

[0089] The base plate 137 and the fan 38 are located inside the housing.

[0090] The side of the housing 1 is provided with a compressor chamber 332, which houses the fluorine circuit assembly including the compressor 121 and the gas-liquid separator 126; an electrical box is installed inside the compressor chamber 332.

[0091] The gas-liquid separator 126, compressor 121, external heat exchanger 2, expansion valve and refrigerant pipeline of the indoor unit of the air conditioner are connected in sequence to form the refrigerant circulation loop of the air conditioning system.

[0092] An exhaust section 35 for guiding gas flow is provided at the air outlet 331.

[0093] Several guide vanes 34 are installed inside the exhaust section 35; the guide vanes 34 are set parallel to or nearly parallel to the louvers outside the air conditioning unit, or the guide vanes 34 are set vertically and have an angle to guide the exhaust airflow away from the air conditioning unit.

[0094] In this embodiment, the air conditioning unit with the rear fan of the external heat exchanger is positioned low. It adopts a two-section cavity structure with the upper and lower cavities connected vertically to form the negative pressure cavity 124 of the external heat exchanger and the internal air duct of the air conditioning unit. The external heat exchanger 2 is located on the back and side of the upper section of the air conditioning unit. The external heat exchanger 2 is the air inlet of the negative pressure cavity 124 of the external heat exchanger, and the fan 38 is the air outlet of the negative pressure cavity 124 of the external heat exchanger. The fan 38 is connected to the exhaust cavity 33, and the air outlet 331 of the exhaust cavity 33 is located on the front of the lower section of the air conditioning unit.

[0095] When the air conditioning unit with the rear fan of the external heat exchanger in this embodiment is running, the fan 38, which serves as the power source for the airflow of the external heat exchanger 2, starts to run. It draws air from the air inlet of the air conditioning unit and generates negative pressure in the negative pressure chamber 124 of the external heat exchanger. This negative pressure draws ambient air through the fin gaps of the external heat exchanger 2 and exchanges heat with the refrigerant inside the pipe. After exchanging heat, the airflow passes through the negative pressure chamber 124 of the external heat exchanger and is drawn in by the fan 38. After being pressurized, it is discharged into the positive pressure exhaust chamber 33 and injected into the atmospheric environment from the air outlet 331 for diffusion and dilution.

[0096] In this embodiment, the air conditioning unit's compressor 121, expansion valve, gas-liquid separator 126, and other refrigeration circuit components, along with the external heat exchanger 2, refrigerant connecting pipe, indoor unit heat exchanger, and other components, form a refrigeration and air conditioning circulation loop in the order of compressor-four-way valve-condenser-expansion valve-evaporator-four-way valve-gas-liquid separator-compressor.

[0097] In this embodiment, on the refrigerant side, the refrigerant is driven to circulate by the compressor 121, and the high-efficiency phase change heat of the refrigerant during the circulation process includes the refrigerant evaporating and absorbing heat in the evaporator pipe and condensing and releasing heat in the condenser pipe, so as to couple the low-temperature air releasing heat in the low-temperature air environment and the high-temperature air absorbing heat in the high-temperature air environment when the refrigeration system is running.

[0098] More specifically, in this embodiment, the compressor 121 serves as the power source for the refrigeration cycle. It establishes high-pressure and low-pressure states for the refrigerant in the condenser and evaporator pipes, respectively, driving the refrigerant to circulate and undergo repeated phase changes in the refrigeration cycle to achieve "heat transfer." That is, the refrigerant liquid absorbs heat by evaporating in the evaporator pipes and then absorbs heat from the low-temperature ambient air flowing between the fins through the large heat-absorbing area of ​​the copper tubes. The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas releases heat by condensing in the condenser pipes and then releases heat to the high-temperature ambient air flowing between the fins through the large heat-releasing area of ​​the copper tubes. This achieves the migration of heat from the low-temperature environment where the air conditioner evaporator is located to the high-temperature environment where the condenser is located.

[0099] The advantage of this embodiment, where the air conditioning unit with the rear fan of the external heat exchanger is positioned low, is that:

[0100] ① The innovative airflow structure creates conditions for the integration of the air conditioning unit with the exterior facade of the equipment platform.

[0101] Because of the modernization and fashion of architecture, the pursuit of visual effects for building facades by architects and owners, the whole society's love for "architecture as frozen music," and the function of louvers in sheltering from wind and rain and preventing wind, frost, snow and ice from corroding equipment platforms and air conditioning units, the installation method of using louvers to hide air conditioning units on equipment platforms will become widespread and solidified. The problems of the classic "rear inlet, front exhaust" airflow path of air conditioning unit external heat exchangers, such as the obstruction and suppression of airflow to the external atmosphere by louvers, increased exhaust static pressure and reduced airflow, and serious degradation of the heat exchange performance of external heat exchangers, will become unavoidable.

[0102] This embodiment features an innovative airflow structure, with the air conditioning unit's fan and outlet positioned at a low level. This creates conditions for low-resistance exhaust air from the external heat exchanger of the air conditioning unit to pass through the louvers on the exterior facade of the equipment platform. A swooping air guide is established between the air conditioning unit's outlet and the louvers on the exterior facade of the equipment platform, or the exhaust section connected to the air conditioning unit's outlet is directly embedded at the bottom of the louvers. This forms a low-resistance swooping exhaust airflow from the external heat exchanger to the ambient atmosphere. The direction of the exhaust airflow is parallel to or nearly parallel to the gap between the louver blades. This eliminates the obstruction of the air conditioning unit's external heat exchanger exhaust airflow by traditional louvers, effectively connects the airflow path of the external heat exchanger, ensures the thermal performance of the air conditioning unit, and maintains the decorative appearance of the louver facade. This achieves a perfect unity between the decorative appearance of the equipment platform facade, the visual effect of the building facade, and the excellent thermal performance of the air conditioning unit.

[0103] ② High energy efficiency ratio and economical and practical

[0104] In this embodiment, the external heat exchanger adopts a horizontal L-shaped finned tube heat exchanger, which has a large ventilation surface area and an even larger heat exchange area due to the secondary expansion of the fins on the ventilation surface; in this embodiment, the airflow cross-sectional area of ​​the two-stage negative pressure chamber before the fan intake is large, resulting in low wind speed and low friction resistance; in this embodiment, the fan adopts an axial flow fan, which has low static pressure and large exhaust volume.

[0105] This embodiment ensures the high energy efficiency ratio and economic practicality of the air conditioning unit by configuring an external heat exchanger with a large heat exchange area and a negative pressure chamber with a large flow area and low resistance.

[0106] Example 2

[0107] like Figure 6-11 As shown, the air conditioning unit in this embodiment and that in embodiment 1 both adopt a two-section cavity structure, with the two sections vertically connected to form the negative pressure cavity 124 of the external heat exchanger and the internal air duct of the air conditioning unit; the external heat exchanger 2 is located on the back and / or side of the upper section of the air conditioning unit, and the external heat exchanger 2 is the air inlet of the negative pressure cavity, and the fan 38 is the air outlet of the negative pressure cavity 124 of the external heat exchanger; the fan 38 is connected to the exhaust cavity 33, and the air outlet 331 of the exhaust cavity 33 is located on the front of the lower section of the air conditioning unit; at least one fan is inclinedly arranged in the middle and lower section cavity, and the middle and lower section cavity includes the bottom of the upper section cavity and the entire lower section cavity.

[0108] The difference between the air conditioning unit in this embodiment and that in embodiment 1 is that the external heat exchanger 2 adopts a horizontal cross-section V-shaped finned tube heat exchanger assembly, and its horizontal cross-section is W-shaped.

[0109] The external heat exchanger 2 consists of four flat-plate finned tube heat exchangers 37; or it consists of two continuously arranged V-shaped finned tube heat exchangers 40 with cross-sections perpendicular to the long side of the fins. The V-shaped finned tube heat exchanger 40 consists of two flat-plate finned tube heat exchangers 37.

[0110] like Figure 9 As shown, the flat plate finned tube heat exchanger includes finned plates 110 and heat exchange tubes 115; multiple parallel finned plates 110 with a certain distance between them form a fin group; and the heat exchange tubes 115 pass through the finned plates 110 in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the finned plates 110.

[0111] The cross-section of the finned tube heat exchanger assembly perpendicular to the long side of the fins is a broken line, or more specifically, a W-shaped section.

[0112] The long side of the fins in the flat plate finned tube heat exchanger 37 is set in the vertical direction or close to the vertical direction.

[0113] The apex angle α of the V-shaped finned tube heat exchanger is 15° to 110°.

[0114] As an optional implementation, the apex angle α of the V-shaped finned tube heat exchanger is 30° to 90°.

[0115] As an optional implementation, the apex angle α of the V-shaped finned tube heat exchanger is 30° to 60°.

[0116] like Figure 9 As shown, one side of the cross-section of the finned tube heat exchanger assembly perpendicular to the long side of the fins is the air inlet side of the heat exchanger, and the other side is the air outlet side of the heat exchanger; the air outlet side belongs to the negative pressure chamber area of ​​the heat exchanger assembly.

[0117] The incident surface of the inlet airflow is each flat finned tube heat exchanger in the finned tube heat exchanger assembly. The angle between the inlet airflow and the tip of each finned plate 110 on each flat finned tube heat exchanger 37 is an obtuse angle β. The obtuse angle β is 97.5° to 145°. The inlet airflow strikes the tip of each finned plate 110 in the finned tube heat exchanger assembly at an obtuse angle β, and is reflected by the fin tip plate into the fin gap and flows into the negative pressure chamber of the heat exchanger assembly.

[0118] The airflow rate entering each fin gap d is equal to the airflow intercepted by the vertical distance δ between the tips of the front and rear fin plates of the flat plate finned tube heat exchanger in the air inlet section.

[0119] δ=d·sinα / 2, where α is the apex angle of the V-shaped finned tube heat exchanger;

[0120] The vertical distance δ between the tips of the front and rear finned tube heat exchangers on the air inlet section is between 0.13d and 0.7d.

[0121] In one specific implementation, the airflow velocity between the fins is 1 / 3 of the inlet velocity, corresponding to a vertex angle α of 39° and an incident obtuse angle β of 109.5° for the V-shaped finned tube heat exchanger.

[0122] The core objective of optimizing refrigeration (heat pump) air conditioning units in different application scenarios remains "reducing condensing pressure and increasing evaporating pressure": reducing refrigeration condensing pressure can directly reduce the compressor's compression work; while increasing the heat pump heating evaporating pressure (evaporating temperature) means increasing the refrigerant circulation, increasing the evaporator's heat absorption, increasing the condenser's heat release, and reducing the compression ratio and compressor discharge temperature.

[0123] In this embodiment, evaporation pressure (evaporation temperature) is taken as the first factor of the refrigeration and air conditioning system. This is because evaporation pressure determines the density of the low-pressure refrigerant gas drawn into the compressor and the compressor's compression ratio. If the evaporation pressure of the heat exchanger (evaporator) of the heat pump air conditioner unit increases from 5 kg to 6 kg in winter, the system's refrigerant circulation, evaporator heat absorption, and condenser heat release will all increase by about 20% simultaneously, and the compressor's compression ratio and compressor discharge temperature will also drop accordingly.

[0124] This embodiment analyzes the relationship between the heat transfer capacity Q of finned tube heat exchangers such as air conditioner evaporators and condensers and the overall heat transfer coefficient K, heat transfer area S, and the heat transfer temperature difference Δt between refrigerant and air, expressed as Q = K × S × Δt. It proposes the technical judgment that "the key factors for improving the evaporation pressure of the current air conditioning unit, reducing the condensation pressure, improving the heat transfer capacity Q of the external heat exchanger of the air conditioning unit, and improving the COP of the refrigeration and air conditioning system lie in increasing the total heat transfer area S of the finned tube heat exchanger."

[0125] This embodiment increases the heat exchange capacity of the heat exchanger and improves the performance of the refrigeration and air conditioning system by expanding the heat exchange area of ​​the evaporator / condenser. Expanding the heat exchange area and reducing the heat exchange temperature difference are not only objective requirements for the iterative upgrade of heat exchangers, but also core requirements for the iterative upgrade of the large-scale refrigeration and air conditioning system constructed with the participation of heat exchangers.

[0126] like Figure 10 As shown, the difference between the condensing temperature and the evaporating temperature (T2-t2) of an air conditioning system is the fundamental factor determining the core indicator COP of the air conditioning system. A higher (T2-t2) will result in a lower COP, and vice versa. The COP of the air conditioning system is inversely related to the difference between the condensing temperature and the evaporating temperature (T2-t2). The difference between the condensing temperature and the evaporating temperature (T2-t2) is the sum of three temperature differences: the condenser body heat transfer temperature difference (T2-T1), the high-temperature heat source and the low-temperature heat source temperature difference (T1-t1), and the evaporator body heat transfer temperature difference (t1-t2). Therefore, given that the temperature difference (T1-t1) between the high-temperature heat source and the low-temperature heat source is an objective reality that cannot be changed, the innovative approach of this invention—expanding the heat exchange area S of the finned tube heat exchanger, reducing the heat transfer temperature difference (T2-T1) of the condenser body, and the heat transfer temperature difference (t1-t2) of the evaporator body—is the only way to reduce the difference between the condensing and evaporating temperatures (T2-t2) in the air conditioning heat pump system. This is also the only way to reduce the system's condensing pressure (condensing temperature), increase the system's evaporating temperature (evaporating pressure), increase the system's refrigerant circulation, increase the heat absorbed by the evaporator and the heat released by the condenser, and improve the COP of the refrigeration and air conditioning system.

[0127] like Figure 11 As shown, this invention reduces the body heat transfer temperature difference between the evaporator and condenser by increasing the total heat transfer area S of the finned tube heat exchanger, thereby increasing the evaporation pressure and decreasing the condensation pressure. This achieves the goals of increasing refrigerant circulation, evaporator heat absorption, condenser heat release, and the COP of the refrigeration system. The technical effect of increasing the total heat transfer area of ​​the external heat exchanger is particularly evident in the improvement of the evaporation temperature and evaporation pressure of the evaporator.

[0128] Evaporation pressure is the primary factor in heat pump systems, and its impact on the performance of refrigeration and heat pump systems is as follows: Figure 2As shown (the vertical axis represents condensation pressure, the horizontal axis represents enthalpy, 1-2-3-4 in the figure represents the original circulation path, and 1-2-3'-4' represents the circulation path of this invention):

[0129] (1) The increase in evaporation pressure (P1→P1') directly leads to an increase in the heat absorbed by the refrigerant per unit mass in the refrigeration system (h4'-h4) and a decrease in the compressor's compression work (h4'-h4), thereby improving the energy efficiency ratio;

[0130] (2) The increase in evaporation pressure (P1→P1') also directly leads to an increase of approximately (P1' / P1-1)×100% in the refrigerant circulation of the fixed frequency heat pump system, resulting in an increase of approximately (P1' / P1-1)×100% in the heat absorption power of the evaporator and the heating power of the condenser.

[0131] (3) Increased evaporation pressure also directly leads to a decrease in compression ratio and a decrease in compressor exhaust temperature, effectively inhibiting the deterioration of lubricating oil and the degradation of compressor motor insulation performance.

[0132] When the finned tube heat exchanger assembly of the present invention is running, the microscopic process of airflow entering and exiting the fin gap and flowing at low speed in the fin gap is the central link in constructing the airflow field of the finned tube heat exchanger assembly.

[0133] At the airflow inlet section EE, the medium-speed airflow of about 4 m / s, which flows in from the outer facade 1 of the equipment platform, is propelled in a uniform laminar flow to the fin gap inlet section FF. At FF, the airflow line forms an obtuse angle β with the fin behind the gap. The fin behind the gap acts as a "planer," "planing" a piece of airflow from the main airflow and inserting it into the fin gap. At FF, the main airflow "planed" out by the tip of the "fin planer" is intercepted and impacts the tip of the "planer" on the fin behind the gap at an obtuse angle β. After being reflected by the fin in front of the gap, it diffuses and decelerates in the fin gap. The airflow of about 1.6 m / s, which is planed out by the "fin planer" and decelerated by collision diffusion, overcomes the resistance of the fin gap channel and flows out of the fin channel under the negative pressure of the negative pressure chamber. The low-speed airflow that reaches the fin gap outlet section GG is accelerated again to a medium-speed airflow of about 4 m / s under the negative pressure of the negative pressure chamber and converges and is discharged at the HH section.

[0134] This embodiment uses a W-shaped finned tube external heat exchanger with a horizontal cross-section, which has a larger air inlet surface of the finned tube heat exchanger and a huge fin heat exchange area that unfolds along the air inlet surface of the finned tube. This is beneficial for reducing the heat exchange temperature difference of the heat exchanger body, improving the heat exchange capacity of the heat exchanger and the COP of the refrigeration system.

[0135] Example 3

[0136] like Figure 12As shown, the air conditioning unit in this embodiment is similar to that in embodiment 1, except that an intermediate heat exchanger 6 is provided in the compressor cavity 332 of the air conditioning unit located at the low position of the fan. The two heat exchange medium channels of the intermediate heat exchanger 6 are the refrigerant channel and the air conditioning water channel, respectively.

[0137] In this embodiment, the air conditioning unit with the fan positioned at a low position produces chilled water (hot water) through the intermediate heat exchanger 6 and delivers it to the indoor air conditioning unit 131 for indoor air cooling and dehumidification (heating); the intermediate heat exchanger 6 is selected from plate heat exchangers, shell and tube heat exchangers, coaxial heat exchangers, or combinations thereof.

[0138] In this embodiment, the air conditioning unit with the fan positioned low to the ground adds an intermediate heat exchanger 6 to output air conditioning water to the indoor units inside the building, thus isolating the refrigerant on the outer corridor-type equipment platform. This eliminates the risk of refrigerant leakage and accumulation inside the building, creating conditions for the use of environmentally friendly refrigerants such as R290, which have zero greenhouse effect and zero ozone layer depletion effect but are flammable.

[0139] Example 4

[0140] The air conditioning unit in this embodiment is similar to that in Embodiment 1, except that...

[0141] like Figure 13-17 As shown, in this embodiment, the air conditioning unit with the rear fan of the external heat exchanger is located at a low position. It adopts a two-section cavity structure, namely the upper part of the shell and the lower part of the shell. The two-section cavity is vertically connected, forming the negative pressure cavity 124 of the external heat exchanger of the air conditioning unit, the exhaust cavity 33 and the internal air passage.

[0142] External heat exchanger 2 is installed on the back and side of the upper section of the air conditioning unit.

[0143] External heat exchanger 2 is a finned tube heat exchanger with a C-shaped horizontal cross section. External heat exchanger 2 is the air inlet of the negative pressure chamber.

[0144] The base plate 127 of the negative pressure chamber 124 of the external heat exchanger is inclined; two exhaust ports of the negative pressure chamber 124 of the external heat exchanger are provided on the base plate 127, and the exhaust ports are equipped with fans 38.

[0145] The fan 38 is tilted at a low position and serves as the air outlet of the negative pressure chamber 124 of the external heat exchanger. The exhaust port of the fan 38 is connected to the exhaust chamber 33, and the air outlet 331 of the exhaust chamber 33 is located on the front of the lower section of the air conditioning unit. The two fans 38 are tilted in the exhaust chamber 33, and the angle λ between the motor shaft of the fan 38 and the vertical direction is 45°.

[0146] An electrical box 128 is installed inside the negative pressure chamber 124 of the external heat exchanger.

[0147] Below the negative pressure chamber 124 of the external heat exchanger or the bottom plate 127 in the housing 1, there is a compressor chamber 332 for placing the fluorine circuit assembly including the compressor 121 and the gas-liquid separator 126.

[0148] In this embodiment, the air conditioning unit with the rear fan of the external heat exchanger is positioned at a low position. It adopts a complementary structural design, with the compressor 121 located in the rear ventilation blind area of ​​the lower section of the casing and adjacent to the rear panel, and the electrical box 128 located in the front ventilation blind area of ​​the upper section of the casing and adjacent to the front panel. This achieves a complementary design between the internal airflow structure of the external heat exchanger 1-fan 38-air outlet 331 and the compressor cavity 332 and electrical box 128.

[0149] In this embodiment, when the air conditioning unit with the rear fan of the external heat exchanger is in a low position is running, the fan 38, which serves as the air duct power for the external heat exchanger 2, starts to run. It draws air from the negative pressure chamber 124 of the external heat exchanger of the air conditioning unit and generates negative pressure in the negative pressure chamber 124. This draws ambient air through the fin gaps of the external heat exchanger 2 to exchange heat with the refrigerant on the inner side of the pipe. After exchanging heat, the airflow passes through the negative pressure chamber 124 of the external heat exchanger and is drawn in by the fan 38. After being pressurized, it is discharged into the exhaust chamber 33 and finally injected into the atmospheric environment from the air outlet 331 of the exhaust chamber 33 for diffusion and dilution.

[0150] In this embodiment, on the refrigerant side, the refrigerant is driven to circulate by the compressor 121, and the high-efficiency phase change heat of the refrigerant during the circulation process is used to couple the heat absorption of the evaporator in the low-temperature air environment and the heat release of the condenser in the high-temperature air environment.

[0151] In this embodiment, the air conditioning unit's compressor 121, four-way valve, expansion valve, gas-liquid separator 126, and other refrigeration circuit components, along with the external heat exchanger 2, refrigerant connecting pipe, indoor unit heat exchanger, and other components, form a refrigeration and air conditioning cycle circuit in the order of compressor-four-way valve-condenser-expansion valve-evaporator-four-way valve-gas-liquid separator-compressor.

[0152] In this embodiment, the compressor 121 serves as the power source for the refrigeration cycle. It establishes high and low pressure states for the refrigerant in the condenser and evaporator pipes, respectively, driving the refrigerant to circulate and undergo repeated phase changes in the refrigeration cycle to achieve "heat transfer." Specifically, the refrigerant liquid absorbs heat by evaporating in the evaporator pipes and then absorbs heat from the low-temperature ambient air flowing between the fins through the large heat-absorbing area of ​​the copper tubes. The high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant gas releases heat by condensing in the condenser pipes and then releases heat to the high-temperature ambient air flowing between the fins through the large heat-releasing area of ​​the copper tubes. This achieves the migration of heat from the low-temperature environment where the air conditioner evaporator is located to the high-temperature environment where the condenser is located.

[0153] The advantages of this embodiment, where the air conditioning unit with the rear fan of the external heat exchanger is located at a low position, include:

[0154] ③ Complementary design and simple structure

[0155] This embodiment adopts a complementary structural design based on the two-section cavity structure of the air conditioning unit. The compressor 121 is set in the ventilation blind zone at the rear of the lower cavity and adjacent to the rear panel of the unit; the electrical box 128 is set in the ventilation blind zone at the front of the upper cavity and adjacent to the front panel of the unit.

[0156] In this embodiment, instead of setting up a separate compressor chamber 332, the compressor 121 and other refrigerant circuit components and the electrical box 128 and other circuit components are respectively set in the lower section and upper section negative pressure chamber of the air conditioning unit through a complementary structural design. The structural design is simple and elegant. Furthermore, the electrical box 128 is set in the upper ventilation blind area, located below the upper cover plate, which has a good rainproof effect and ensures the safety of the air conditioning unit for outdoor installation and use.

[0157] ④ High energy efficiency ratio and economical and practical

[0158] In this embodiment, the external heat exchanger 2 adopts a C-shaped finned tube heat exchanger with a large ventilation surface area, and the fins that expand secondary on the ventilation surface have an even larger heat exchange area. In this embodiment, the airflow cross-sectional area of ​​the two-stage negative pressure chamber before the air inlet of the fan 38 is large, the wind speed is low, and the friction resistance is small. In this embodiment, the fan 38 adopts an axial flow fan, which has low static pressure and large exhaust volume.

[0159] This embodiment ensures the high energy efficiency ratio and economic practicality of the air conditioning unit by configuring an external heat exchanger 2 with a large heat exchange area and an external heat exchanger negative pressure chamber 124 with a large flow area and low resistance.

[0160] ③ The innovative airflow structure creates conditions for the integration of the air conditioning unit with the exterior facade of the equipment platform.

[0161] Because of the modernization and fashion of architecture, because of the pursuit of visual effects of building facades by architects and owners, because of the whole society's love for "architecture is frozen music", and because of the function of louvers in sheltering from wind and rain and preventing wind, frost, snow and ice from corroding the equipment platform and air conditioning unit, the installation method of using louvers to hide the air conditioning unit on the equipment platform will become widespread and solidified. The problems of the classic "rear inlet and front exhaust" air duct of the air conditioning unit's external heat exchanger being obstructed and suppressed by louvers, resulting in increased exhaust static pressure, reduced air volume, and serious degradation of the heat exchange performance of the external heat exchanger are unavoidable.

[0162] In this embodiment, the low-positioning of the air conditioning unit's fan 38 and air outlet 331 creates conditions for low-resistance exhaust air from the external heat exchanger of the air conditioning unit to pass through the louvers on the exterior facade of the equipment platform. A swooping air guide is set up between the air outlet of the air conditioning unit and the louvers on the exterior facade of the equipment platform, or the exhaust section connected to the air outlet of the air conditioning unit is directly embedded in the bottom of the louvers, forming a low-resistance swooping exhaust air from the external heat exchanger 2 to the ambient atmosphere. The direction of the exhaust airflow is parallel to or nearly parallel to the gap between the louver blades. This not only eliminates the obstruction of the air outlet of the external heat exchanger of the air conditioning unit by the traditional louvers, effectively connects the air path of the external heat exchanger, and ensures the thermal performance of the air conditioning unit, but also maintains the decorative appearance of the louver facade. This achieves a perfect unity between the decorative appearance of the equipment platform facade, the visual effect of the building facade, and the excellent thermal performance of the air conditioning unit.

[0163] Example 5

[0164] like Figure 18-19 As shown, the air conditioning unit in this embodiment is basically the same as that in embodiment 4. The difference is that the air outlet of the negative pressure chamber 124 of the external heat exchanger is located on the front of the lower section of the air conditioning unit, and the entire cavity of the upper and lower sections of the air conditioning unit is the negative pressure chamber 124 of the external heat exchanger. The fan 38 is located on the outer shell of the lower cavity, and the air intake of the fan 38 corresponds to the air outlet of the negative pressure chamber 124 of the external heat exchanger. The angle λ between the motor shaft of the fan 38 and the vertical direction is 90°.

[0165] The base plate 127 is a vertically arranged air outlet 331 on the shell 1. The exhaust port and the air outlet 331 are combined into one. The air outlet 331 is equipped with a fan 38. The exhaust port of the fan 38 is arranged horizontally. A connecting part 130 is provided between the base plate 127 and the external heat exchanger 2.

[0166] This embodiment adopts a structural complementary design, with the compressor 121 located in the lower section rear ventilation blind area and adjacent to the rear back panel, and the electrical box 128 located in the upper section front ventilation blind area and adjacent to the front panel, so as to achieve the internal airflow structure of external heat exchanger-negative pressure chamber-fan-exhaust port complementary to the structure of compressor chamber 332 and electrical box 128.

[0167] In this embodiment, since the air outlet of the negative pressure chamber 124 of the external heat exchanger is located on the front of the lower section of the air conditioning unit, the cavities of the upper and lower sections of the air conditioning unit are all negative pressure chambers. The airflow cross-sectional area of ​​the negative pressure chamber of the external heat exchanger is large, the wind speed is low, the resistance is small, and the ventilation and heat exchange uniformity of the finned tube heat exchanger is better.

[0168] Example 6

[0169] like Figure 20-21As shown, the air conditioning unit in this embodiment is basically the same as that in embodiment 4. The difference in this embodiment is that the exhaust port of the negative pressure chamber 124 of the external heat exchanger is located near the position of the water receiving pan 129 of the external heat exchanger, and the upper cavity of the air conditioning unit is the negative pressure chamber 124 of the external heat exchanger; the motor shaft of the fan 38 has an angle λ of 0° with the vertical direction, the air intake of the fan is connected to the negative pressure chamber 124 of the external heat exchanger, and the air outlet of the fan 38 is connected to the exhaust chamber 33; the air outlet 331 of the exhaust chamber 33 is connected to the atmospheric environment.

[0170] This embodiment adopts a structural complementary design, placing the compressor 121, four-way valve, throttle valve and other refrigerant circuit components in the rear ventilation blind area of ​​the lower exhaust chamber 33 and adjacent to the rear back panel, and placing the electrical box 128 in the front ventilation blind area of ​​the upper external heat exchanger negative pressure chamber 124 and adjacent to the front panel, so as to achieve the internal air circuit structure of external heat exchanger-negative pressure chamber-fan-exhaust chamber-exhaust port complementary to the structure of compressor chamber 332 and electrical box 128.

[0171] In this embodiment, since the fan 38 is located at the connection between the upper and lower cavities of the air conditioning unit, the negative pressure chamber 124 of the external heat exchanger and the exhaust chamber 33 are balanced. The two static pressure-dynamic pressure conversion effects of the airflow in the exhaust chamber of the negative pressure chamber 124 of the external heat exchanger are good, and the operating noise is low.

[0172] Example 7

[0173] like Figure 22-23 As shown, the air conditioning unit in this embodiment is similar to that in embodiment 4, both adopting a two-section cavity structure with the upper and lower cavities vertically connected to form the internal airflow path of the air conditioning unit. The external heat exchanger 2 is a finned tube heat exchanger with a C-shaped horizontal cross-section, and it serves as the air inlet of the negative pressure chamber 124. The fan 38 is positioned at a low angle and serves as the exhaust outlet of the negative pressure chamber 124. The outlet of the fan 38 connects to the exhaust chamber 33, and the exhaust outlet 331 of the exhaust chamber 33 is located on the front of the lower section of the air conditioning unit. The fan 38 is inclined in the lower section of the exhaust chamber 33, and the angle λ between the motor shaft of the fan 38 and the vertical direction is 45°.

[0174] This embodiment adopts a structural complementary design, with the compressor 121 located in the lower section rear ventilation blind area and adjacent to the rear back panel, and the electrical box 128 located in the upper section front ventilation blind area and adjacent to the front panel, so as to achieve the internal airflow structure of external heat exchanger-negative pressure chamber-fan-exhaust chamber-exhaust port complementary to the structure of compressor chamber 332 and electrical box 128.

[0175] The difference in this embodiment is that the upper part of the housing 1 is provided with an air inlet adapted to the external heat exchanger 2. The external heat exchanger 2 is set on the front and side of the upper section of the air conditioning unit housing 1. The air inlet and air outlet 331 of the external heat exchanger 2 are set on the same side and at different heights.

[0176] Example 8

[0177] like Figure 24-25 As shown, this embodiment is an equipment platform with a fan installed at a low position. The air conditioning unit with the fan installed at a low position is installed inside the outer corridor equipment platform 5, and the air outlet 331 of the exhaust cavity 33 faces the outer facade of the outer corridor equipment platform.

[0178] A swooping exhaust section 35 for guiding gas flow is installed at the air outlet 331; the swooping exhaust section 35 is provided with several guide plates 34 that are parallel or substantially parallel to the louvered window slats 52 on the exterior facade of the outer corridor equipment platform.

[0179] During installation in this embodiment, the air conditioning unit with a low-positioned fan installed on the swooping exhaust section 35 is placed close to the louvers without touching them, and the air outlet of the swooping exhaust section is placed on the ground adjacent to the louvers.

[0180] In this embodiment, when the air conditioning unit, equipped with a low-positioned fan, is running, the fan 38, which powers the airflow of the external heat exchanger, starts and operates. It draws air from the negative pressure chamber 124 of the external heat exchanger, creating a negative pressure within the chamber. This negative pressure draws air from the outside of the external heat exchanger, creating a secondary negative pressure zone on the outside of the heat exchanger. This secondary negative pressure then draws ambient air at low speed and with low resistance across the exterior facade. The ambient air flowing through the louvers into the secondary negative pressure zone then flows at low speed into the fin gaps of the heat exchanger on the outside of the air conditioning unit's finned tubes to exchange heat with the refrigerant inside the tubes. After exchanging heat, the airflow passes through the negative pressure chamber of the main unit and is drawn in by the fan. After being pressurized, it is discharged into the exhaust chamber and finally shot into the diving exhaust section from the exhaust chamber outlet of the air conditioning unit. Under the constraint and guidance of the guide plates of the exhaust section parallel or basically parallel to the louver slats, the exhaust airflow passes through the louver slats with low resistance and is finally injected into the atmospheric environment for diffusion and dilution.

[0181] The advantages of this embodiment, which includes a low-positioned air conditioning unit with a fan, are:

[0182] ① Innovate the airflow structure to promote deep integration between the air conditioning unit and the exterior of the equipment platform.

[0183] Because of the modernization and fashion of architecture, because of the pursuit of visual effects of building facades by architects and owners, because of the whole society's love for "architecture is frozen music", and because of the function of louvers in sheltering from wind and rain and preventing wind, frost, snow and ice from corroding the equipment platform and air conditioning unit, the installation method of using louvers to hide the air conditioning unit on the equipment platform will become widespread and solidified. The problems of the classic "rear inlet and front exhaust" air duct of the air conditioning unit's external heat exchanger being obstructed and suppressed by louvers, resulting in increased exhaust static pressure, reduced air volume, and serious degradation of the heat exchange performance of the external heat exchanger are unavoidable.

[0184] In this embodiment, the air conditioning unit of the equipment platform is equipped with a low-positioned fan and air outlet, which creates conditions for the low-resistance exhaust of the external heat exchanger of the unit through the louvers on the exterior facade of the equipment platform: a downward-sloping exhaust section is set up between the air outlet and the louvers on the exterior facade of the equipment platform, forming a low-resistance downward-sloping exhaust of the external heat exchanger to the ambient atmosphere. The direction of the exhaust airflow is parallel to or nearly parallel to the gap between the louver blades. This not only eliminates the obstruction of the exhaust of the unit and the external heat exchanger by the traditional louver slats, effectively connects the air path of the external heat exchanger, and ensures the thermal performance of the unit, but also maintains the decorative appearance of the louver facade. This achieves a perfect unity between the decorative appearance of the equipment platform facade, the visual effect of the building facade, and the excellent thermal performance of the air conditioning unit.

[0185] ② High energy efficiency ratio and economical and practical

[0186] The external heat exchanger of the air conditioning unit installed in this embodiment is located at a low position. It adopts a C-shaped finned tube heat exchanger with a horizontal cross section. The external heat exchanger has a large ventilation surface area, and the fins that expand a second time on the ventilation surface have an even larger heat exchange area.

[0187] In this embodiment, the fan is installed at a low position, and the negative pressure chamber before the fan intake of the air conditioning unit has a large airflow cross-sectional area, low wind speed, and low friction resistance. Furthermore, the fan in this embodiment can be an axial flow fan, which has low static pressure and large exhaust volume.

[0188] This embodiment, by configuring an external heat exchanger with a large heat exchange area and a negative pressure chamber of the external heat exchanger with a large flow area and low resistance, ensures the load capacity of the air conditioning unit, controls the energy consumption of the air duct, and improves the energy efficiency ratio and economic practicality of the air conditioning unit.

[0189] Example 9

[0190] like Figure 26-27 As shown, both this embodiment and embodiment 8 are equipment platforms with a fan installed at a low position as the air conditioning unit;

[0191] The difference in this embodiment is that the louvers on the exterior of the equipment platform 5 are provided with a special opening structure 36, and the air outlet 331 of the air conditioning unit is equipped with a special exhaust section 35.

[0192] During installation in this embodiment, the exhaust section 35 installed at the air outlet of the low-position fan air conditioning unit is inserted into the opening structure 36 on the louver.

[0193] In this embodiment, when the air conditioning unit of the equipment platform with the fan installed at a low position is running, the fan, which serves as the power source for the airflow of the external heat exchanger, starts and runs, drawing air from the negative pressure chamber of the external heat exchanger and generating negative pressure in the negative pressure chamber. The negative pressure in the negative pressure chamber pulls the air outside the external heat exchanger into the negative pressure chamber, thereby creating a secondary negative pressure zone outside the external heat exchanger. The secondary negative pressure outside the external heat exchanger pulls the ambient air to flow slowly and with low resistance through the louvers on the exterior facade. The ambient air flowing through the louvers into the secondary negative pressure zone then flows slowly into the fin gaps of the finned tube external heat exchanger to exchange heat with the refrigerant inside the tube. After exchanging heat, the airflow passes through the negative pressure chamber of the external heat exchanger and is drawn in by the fan. After being pressurized, it is discharged into the exhaust chamber and finally injected into the exhaust section from the exhaust chamber outlet, and finally directly injected into the atmospheric environment for diffusion and dilution.

[0194] In this embodiment, because the louvers on the exterior facade of the equipment platform have a dedicated opening structure and the air outlet of the air conditioning unit is equipped with a dedicated exhaust section, the ventilation resistance of the external heat exchanger is smaller and the ventilation efficiency is higher.

[0195] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make other variations or modifications based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An air conditioning unit with a fan positioned at a low level, characterized in that, The device includes a shell, an external heat exchanger, a fan, and a compressor; the external heat exchanger is located on the upper part of the shell; the fan is connected to the negative pressure chamber of the external heat exchanger and is located below the negative pressure chamber; the lower part of the shell is provided with a fan outlet; The air outlet is located on the front of the casing; The air conditioning unit with the fan positioned at a low position adopts a two-section cavity structure, with the two sections vertically connected to form the negative pressure chamber of the external heat exchanger and the internal air duct of the air conditioning unit. The upper part of the housing is provided with an air inlet adapted to the external heat exchanger; the air inlet is located on the side and / or back of the housing; The negative pressure chamber of the external heat exchanger is composed of an external heat exchanger, a part of the shell, and a base plate; the external heat exchanger is the air inlet of the negative pressure chamber of the external heat exchanger. The base plate is inclined; The base plate is provided with several exhaust ports of the negative pressure chamber of the external heat exchanger, and the exhaust ports are equipped with axial flow fans; The base plate is inclined, with an angle θ between the base plate and the vertical direction of 30 to 60°; the motor shaft of the fan has an angle λ between the motor shaft and the vertical direction of 30 to 60°. The base plate and the fan are housed inside the casing; A compressor chamber, which houses the refrigerant circuit assembly including the compressor, is provided in the ventilation blind area below the negative pressure chamber of the external heat exchanger, the bottom plate, or the exhaust chamber in the housing; an electrical box is provided in the ventilation blind area inside the negative pressure chamber of the external heat exchanger. An exhaust section for guiding the airflow is provided at the air outlet of the air conditioning unit. The air conditioning unit has several air guide plates installed in its exhaust section; the air guide plates are arranged parallel to the louvers of the external corridor-type equipment platform outside the air conditioning unit.

2. The air conditioning unit with the fan positioned low-lying according to claim 1, characterized in that, The external heat exchanger is a horizontal cross-section C-type finned tube external heat exchanger, a horizontal cross-section L-type finned tube external heat exchanger, a horizontal cross-section flat plate type finned tube external heat exchanger, a horizontal cross-section V-type finned tube heat exchanger assembly, or a sawtooth-shaped zigzag type finned tube heat exchanger assembly.

3. The air conditioning unit with the fan positioned low-lying according to claim 1, characterized in that, An intermediate heat exchanger is also provided, wherein the two heat exchange medium channels of the intermediate heat exchanger are the refrigerant channel of the air conditioning unit and the air conditioning water channel, respectively; the refrigerant channel is connected to the refrigerant circuit of the air conditioning unit; and the air conditioning water channel is connected to the indoor heat exchanger of the air conditioning unit.

4. A device platform, characterized in that, The air conditioning unit with the fan positioned low in any one of claims 1 to 3 is located inside the outer corridor-type equipment platform, and the air outlet of the exhaust cavity faces the outer facade of the outer corridor-type equipment platform.

5. The device platform according to claim 4, characterized in that, The exhaust section is installed adjacent to the louvers on the exterior facade of the outer corridor-type equipment platform.

6. The device platform according to claim 4, characterized in that, The exterior louvers of the external corridor-type equipment platform are provided with opening structures that match the exhaust section; the exhaust section is embedded in the opening structure of the louvers.

7. The device platform according to claim 6, characterized in that, The opening structure is rectangular, with its long side parallel to the bottom or side of the outer corridor-type equipment platform.

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