Sesame seed coating agent and coating method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a sesame seed coating agent and a coating method. The sesame seed coating agent comprises 20 to 30 parts of imidacloprid, 2 to 5 parts of acetamiprid, and 10 to 15 parts of flusilazole, wherein the parts are by mass. The coating method comprises the following steps: 1) sieving out impurities in sesame seeds; 2) firstly soaking and separating part of the sesame seeds with water to obtain a sizing material; 3) mixing the sesame seed coating agent with the sizing material, and mixing and mixing with the sesame seeds to be coated, and naturally drying. The present invention coats sesame seeds by mixing a sesame seed coating agent of a specific composition with a sesame sizing material, thereby effectively improving the germination rate, emergence rate, and stress resistance of sesame planting, increasing sesame yield, and extending the storage period. The coating process does not require the use of other adhesives, and the sesame seeds are coated using sesame glue derived from sesame, which has low cost, simple operation, good effect, and effectively avoids the problem of degumming during the sesame seed coating process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a sesame seed coating agent and a coating method, belonging to the technical field of sesame seed coating. Background Art

[0002] Sesame oil is a high-quality edible oil rich in α-linolenic acid and various unsaturated fatty acids. These substances are directly converted into DHA and EPA in the animal body. These substances are essential unsaturated fatty acids for the human body and are also the main components of deep-sea fish oil. They have important effects on improving human intelligence, strengthening the body and brain, preventing cardiovascular disease, and inhibiting disease genes. Sesame oil is also widely used in the paint, graphite, dye, and leather industries. Sesame stem fibers are soft, wear-resistant, absorbent, and have a high expansion rate. They are used as raw materials in the manufacture of waterproof cloth, printing oils, and oil paints. They are also widely used in the soap, leather, and rubber industries.

[0003] Furthermore, flax seeds contain approximately 800 times more phytohormone lignans than other common crops. Once absorbed by the body, these substances can inhibit cancer, particularly reducing the incidence of breast, colon, and prostate cancers. Flax seeds are also rich in soluble plant fiber, which has the effect of lowering cholesterol. Regular consumption of flax seeds can reduce the incidence of constipation, obesity, and heart disease.

[0004] The skin of sesame seeds is a composite gum containing pectin, polysaccharides, protein and starch, called sesame gum. Sesame gum is a pectin-like substance mainly composed of polysaccharides, containing 12% protein, about 17% pectin acid, starch, minerals, etc. It can be used as a food additive, cosmetic raw powder, pharmaceutical raw material, etc.

[0005] Sesame in my country is primarily distributed in high-altitude, arid regions such as North China and Northwest China, including Inner Mongolia, Shanxi, Gansu, Hebei, and Ningxia. Due to drought, low rainfall, pests, and weeds, existing sesame cultivation suffers from low seedling emergence rates and high necrosis rates, severely impacting yields. Furthermore, germination rates decrease significantly with extended storage. Coating is commonly used to prevent diseases, underground pests, and pathogens, and to improve germination rates. However, due to the compound adhesive in the outer layer of sesame seeds, conventional coating agents and methods are prone to degumming, resulting in poor results. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The invention provides a sesame seed coating agent and a coating method, which effectively improve the emergence rate and stress resistance of sesame planting, increase the yield, and prolong the storage period.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solutions adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0008] A sesame seed coating agent comprises 20-30 parts of imidacloprid, 2-5 parts of acetamiprid and 10-15 parts of flusilazole, wherein the parts are by mass.

[0009] The above coating agent can more effectively promote germination and prevent diseases and insect pests.

[0010] The effective ingredient content of the above-mentioned imidacloprid is 3%.

[0011] The active ingredient content of the above-mentioned acetamiprid is 5%.

[0012] The effective ingredient content of the flusilazole is 40%.

[0013] Unless otherwise specified, % in this application are all mass percentages.

[0014] The above 3% tebuconazole·imidacloprid is a suspension concentrate, and the mass content of the total active ingredients is 3%, wherein the mass content of tebuconazole is 0.3%, and the mass content of imidacloprid is 2.7%. Tebuconazole·imidacloprid is an insecticide and fungicide.

[0015] The above 5% acetamiprid is a microemulsion, and the mass content of acetamiprid is 5%. Acetamiprid is an insecticide.

[0016] The above 40% flusilazole is emulsifiable concentrate, and 40% means that each liter of emulsifiable concentrate contains 400g flusilazole.

[0017] All of the above reagents can be directly purchased from the market.

[0018] In the research and development practice of sesame planting, the inventors found that although imidacloprid and flusilazole, used alone as coating agents, have certain anti-insect, antibacterial and germination rate-enhancing effects, their effects on sesame seeds are relatively limited; when acetamiprid is used alone, it has basically no effect on the seed germination rate. However, after mixing the three in a specific proportion and compounding them with sesame gum, the germination rate, germination rate and disease resistance are greatly improved, and at the same time, the yield is also significantly improved.

[0019] In order to ensure the coating effect, the amount of the sesame seed coating agent is 10 to 20‰ of the mass of the sesame seeds.

[0020] The sesame seed coating agent can effectively prevent and control powdery mildew, wilt, damping-off and pasmo.

[0021] The method for coating sesame seeds using the sesame seed coating agent comprises the following steps:

[0022] 1) Screening out impurities in sesame seeds;

[0023] 2) First, a portion of the sesame seeds is foamed with water to separate the sesame to obtain a sizing material, and the foamed sesame seeds are dried and pressed for oil;

[0024] 3) Mix the sesame seed coating agent and the rubber material, mix them with the sesame seeds to be coated, stir them well, and dry them naturally.

[0025] In the above step 3), the sesame seeds to be coated are sesame seeds without foamed glue, and are used for the final sowing.

[0026] The present application coats sesame seeds with a sizing material obtained by foaming sesame seeds, and combines it with a sesame seed coating agent. On the one hand, it avoids degumming of sesame seeds during the coating process. On the other hand, it forms a thicker nutrient layer and protective layer on the outside of the sesame seeds, thereby effectively improving the germination rate and stress resistance of the sesame seeds, and at the same time extending the storage period of the sesame seeds.

[0027] All operations in this application are completed at room temperature, which not only saves energy and simplifies operations, but also avoids the damage and loss of nutrients and pharmaceuticals, and ensures the coating effect.

[0028] In step 2), the glue is soaked until the glue on the sesame seeds can separate from the seeds, and then filtered to obtain a glue material. The glue and sesame seeds are soaked until they can separate, and the sesame glue can flow out when sieved. The degummed sesame seeds can be dried and then pressed for oil. The degummed sesame seeds are not used for sowing.

[0029] As one specific preferred implementation, in step 2), the rubber is soaked by mixing water and a portion of sesame seeds at a mass ratio of (8-12):1 at room temperature and allowing to stand for 3-5 hours. The degumming process of this application does not require the addition of reagents such as acid or salt, making the process simple and easy to operate and preventing damage to the rubber composition.

[0030] The mass ratio of the part of sesame seeds in the above step 2) to the sesame seeds to be coated in step 3) is 1:(10-12).

[0031] The technologies not mentioned in this invention are all referred to the prior art.

[0032] The present invention coats sesame seeds by mixing a sesame seed coating agent of a specific composition with sesame glue, thereby effectively improving the germination rate, emergence rate and stress resistance of sesame planting, increasing the sesame yield and prolonging the storage period; the coating process does not require the use of other adhesives, and the sesame glue derived from sesame is used to coat the sesame seeds, which has low cost, simple operation, good effect, and effectively avoids the problem of degumming during the sesame seed coating process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the effect of coating of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a picture of the flowering period of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a picture of the yellow ripe stage of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a picture of a plant in the yellow ripening stage according to Example 1 of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a picture of comparative example 7 at full bloom;

[0038] Figure 6 This is the picture of comparative example 7 at the yellow ripe stage;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a picture of the plant in the yellow ripe stage of Comparative Example 7; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to better understand the present invention, the content of the present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with the examples, but the content of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

[0041] 3% tebuconazole and imidacloprid suspension concentrate, including 0.3% tebuconazole and 2.7% imidacloprid. Brand: Haodi Agriculture, Henan Haodi Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd.

[0042] 5% acetamiprid microemulsion, microemulsion, acetamiprid 5%, brand: Yuanfeng Wuji, Shandong Tongfang Biotechnology Co., Ltd.;

[0043] 40% flusilazole emulsifiable concentrate, brand: Xinludun, manufacturer: Shandong Yetian Biotechnology Co., Ltd., flusilazole content 400g / L;

[0044] Example 1

[0045] A sesame seed coating agent comprises 25 parts of 3% pentazole·imidacloprid suspension, 3 parts of 5% acetamiprid microemulsion and 12 parts of 40% flusilazole emulsifiable concentrate, wherein the parts are by mass.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] A sesame seed coating agent comprises 30 parts of 3% pentamethylenetetrachloridone·imidacloprid suspension, 2 parts of 5% acetamiprid microemulsion and 10 parts of 40% flusilazole emulsifiable concentrate, wherein the parts are by mass.

[0048] Comparative Example 1

[0049] 3% tebuconazole·imidacloprid suspension was used alone as the coating agent.

[0050] Comparative Example 2

[0051] 5% acetamiprid microemulsion was used alone as a coating agent.

[0052] Comparative Example 3

[0053] 40% flusilazole emulsifiable concentrate was used alone as a coating agent.

[0054] Comparative Example 4

[0055] A sesame seed coating agent comprises 25 parts of 3% pentazole-imidacloprid suspension concentrate and 12 parts of 40% flusilazole emulsifiable concentrate, wherein the parts are by mass.

[0056] Comparative Example 5

[0057] A sesame seed coating agent comprises 25 parts of 3% tebuconazole·imidacloprid suspension and 3 parts of 5% acetamiprid microemulsion, wherein the parts are by mass.

[0058] Comparative Example 6

[0059] A sesame seed coating agent comprises 3 parts of 5% acetamiprid microemulsion and 12 parts of 40% flusilazole emulsifiable concentrate, wherein the parts are by mass.

[0060] The coating agents of the above examples were used to coat the coating according to the following methods:

[0061] 1) Screening out impurities in sesame seeds;

[0062] 2) adding water to a portion of sesame seeds at room temperature (20-25° C.) and soaking for 5 hours, then filtering to obtain a sizing agent; the mass ratio of water to the portion of sesame seeds in this step is 10:1; and drying the degummed sesame seeds and then extracting oil;

[0063] 3) Mix the sesame seed coating agent and the adhesive, mix them with the sesame seeds to be coated, mix them well, dry them naturally, and use them for sowing. The mass ratio of the sesame seeds in step 2) to the sesame seeds to be coated in step 3) is 1:12.

[0064] Comparative Example 7

[0065] The difference from Example 1 is that during coating, the gelatin foaming step is omitted, as follows:

[0066] 1) Screening out impurities in sesame seeds;

[0067] 2) Dilute the sesame seed coating agent 30 times, mix it with the sesame seeds, stir well, dry it naturally, and use it for sowing.

[0068] In each case, the mass amount of the coating agent is 15‰ of the mass amount of the sesame seeds.

[0069] Comparative Example 8

[0070] The difference from Example 1 is that no sesame seed coating agent is used during coating, as follows:

[0071] 1) Screening out impurities in sesame seeds;

[0072] 2) adding water to a portion of sesame seeds at room temperature (20-25° C.) and soaking for 5 hours, then filtering to obtain a sizing agent; the mass ratio of water to the portion of sesame seeds in this step is 10:1; and drying the degummed sesame seeds and then extracting oil;

[0073] 3) Mix the adhesive with the sesame seeds to be coated, stir well, dry naturally, and use for sowing.

[0074] Among them, some seeds obtained in Comparative Example 7 had obvious degumming problems, while the other examples had no obvious degumming problems. Figure 1 The coating effect of Example 1 was photographed, with uniform color and no degumming problem.

[0075] Comparative Example 9

[0076] Sesame seeds are used for planting directly without any processing.

[0077] Laboratory tests:

[0078] Sesame variety: Neiya No. 9. Sesame seeds were planted on a 5% agar medium in an artificial climate incubator at a temperature of 25-30°C and a relative humidity of 60-70%, with alternating periods of light and darkness for 12 hours. The following statistical results were obtained over 7 days:

[0079]

[0080]

[0081] From the above, it can be seen that the use of acetamiprid alone has basically no effect on germination, but when combined with imidacloprid and flusilazole, it can effectively promote germination and reduce the deformity rate; by combining sesame gum with a coating agent of a specific composition, the germination potential and germination rate can be greatly improved, while the deformity rate can be greatly reduced.

[0082] The seeds obtained in Example 1 were stored at room temperature for one year, and then the germination potential, germination rate and deformity rate were tested again according to the above method. The change rates of the germination potential and germination rate were both less than 0.5%, and the change rate of the deformity rate was less than 0.2%. It can be seen that the sesame seeds obtained by using the coating agent and coating method of the specific composition of the present application have significantly improved storage stability.

[0083] Field trials:

[0084] Sesame variety: Inner Asia No. 9.

[0085] The experimental site was Pingdiquan Town, Chahar Right Front Banner, Ulanqab City. Three experimental plots were randomly arranged for each study, each measuring 1 mu (approximately 1 acre). Field management was uniform across all studies. When powdery mildew was detected in the first experimental plot (before or at the initial onset of powdery mildew, during the flowering stage), all plots were sprayed uniformly with 50% boscalid wettable powder (BASF, manufacturer: BASF Europe) at a rate of 15 g / mu (approximately 200 lb) of water per mu. The same amount was applied again one week later. When wilt or damping-off was detected in the first experimental plot (before or at the initial onset of damping-off, during the seedling stage), all plots were sprayed uniformly with 3% metalaxyl aqueous solution (2.5% metalaxyl and 0.5% metalaxyl). Brand: Yinongren, manufacturer: Tianjin Lvheng Chemical Co., Ltd., at a rate of 0.1 L / mu (approximately 50 kg) of water per mu.

[0086] Sowing time: early May, sowing amount is 500,000 seeds / mu;

[0087] The test results are as follows:

[0088]

[0089]

[0090] The above-mentioned incidence rate refers to the proportion of diseased plants among all plants in the experimental field during the entire growth cycle of sesame.

[0091] Figure 2 This is a picture of Example 1 at its peak flowering stage, showing vigorous, uniform, bright green and strong growth; Figure 3 and Figure 4 This is a picture of the yellow ripe stage of Example 1. It can be seen that the growth is uniform and lush, the grains are full, there are no weeds, the stems are green, and it is resistant to lodging, with obvious potential for increasing yield; Figure 5 This is a picture of comparative example 7 at full bloom. It can be seen that the plants are sparse and short, and the color and robustness are significantly worse than those in Example 1. Figure 6 This is the picture of comparative example 7 at the yellow ripe stage. It can be seen that the sesame is short, there are many weeds, and the yield is low. Figure 7 This is a picture of a plant in the yellow-ripening stage of Comparative Example 7. It can be seen that powdery mildew hyphae cover the leaves, which is quite serious and blocks photosynthesis. As shown above, by coating sesame gum, disease resistance can be enhanced to a certain extent, the emergence rate can be increased, and the yield can be increased. By coating sesame seeds with sesame gum and the sesame seed coating agent of the specific composition of this application, the emergence rate and stress resistance of sesame seeds can be greatly improved, thereby increasing the yield.

Claims

1. A sesame seed coating agent, characterized in that: The active ingredients of the sesame seed coating agent are composed of the following components: 20-30 parts of imidacloprid, 2-5 parts of acetamiprid and 10-15 parts of flusilazole, where the parts are by mass; The mass content of the total active ingredient of the tebuconazole imidacloprid is 3%, of which the mass content of tebuconazole is 0.3% and the mass content of imidacloprid is 2.7%; The active ingredient content of the acetamiprid is 5%; The effective ingredient content of the flusilazole is 40%.

2. A use of the sesame seed coating agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: It can effectively prevent and control powdery mildew, wilt, damping-off and pasmo disease; the dosage of sesame seed coating agent is 10~20‰ of the mass of sesame seeds.

3. A method for coating flax seeds, using the flax seed coating agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coating method comprises the following steps: 1) Screening out impurities from sesame seeds; 2) First, use water to soak part of the sesame seeds, separate them, and obtain the rubber material. The soaked sesame seeds are then dried and pressed for oil; 3) Mix the sesame seed coating agent and the rubber material, mix them with the sesame seeds to be coated, mix them well, and let them dry naturally; In step 2), the glue on the sesame seeds is foamed until the glue can be separated from the seeds, and then filtered to obtain a glue material. The foaming step is: at room temperature, water and a portion of sesame seeds are mixed in a mass ratio of (8-12):1, and allowed to stand for 3-5 hours; The mass ratio of the sesame seeds in step 2) to the sesame seeds to be coated in step 3) is 1:(10-12); The dosage of sesame seed coating agent is 10~20‰ of the mass dosage of sesame seeds.

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