Angle tooth profile part machining device and using method

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of mechanical processing, and relates to a fixed-angle tooth profile part processing device and a use method. The device is used in cooperation with a broaching machine main shaft and a broach, a base of the device is fixedly connected with a machine tool, a base, a connecting disc and a hole in the center of a disc are used for the broach to pass through, a lower part is provided with a positioning pin, a hole and the positioning pin are arranged according to a tooth profile part, a female die is provided with the same hole as the tooth profile part and is used for tool setting, after the broach is combined with the female die and is positioned and installed, tool setting is completed by clamping the broach through a positioning block in a tool follower frame, the female die is removed, a part to be processed is installed and processed, after processing is completed, a detection sample is used for inspection, and tool setting is re-performed if the inspection fails. The present application integrates processing and detection, a tool setting sample ensures that a first tooth groove axis of the broach meets part requirements, a detection sample quickly and accurately detects that the size and shape of a processed part meet the requirements, and the present application is convenient and fast. The device has a simple structure, is convenient to operate, has low manufacturing and maintenance costs, and can complete batch part processing through one-time tool setting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical processing, and particularly relates to a fixed-angle tooth-shaped part processing device and a use method. Background Art

[0002] Toothed parts are important structural parts on aircraft, and the processing accuracy of toothed parts plays an important role in the performance of their functions. The toothed parts are made of cast steel, with complex spatial structure, multiple spatial dimensions, and high dimensional and positional accuracy of some mating surfaces, reaching H8 level accuracy. Figure 2 As shown, one end of the toothed part is a fork-shaped structure, and coaxial through holes a are respectively provided on the two ear pieces of the fork-shaped structure, and another through hole b in the same direction is provided at the other end of the part. The straight-line distance between the center of the through hole b and the center of the through hole a is L1, and the inner wall of the through hole b is provided with teeth, which are used to cooperate with other components during the assembly process, and the components that cooperate with them are provided with external teeth. The design requirements stipulate that after the two components are installed through the tooth surfaces, it is necessary to ensure that the lifting height of the far end of the other component meets a certain value. For this reason, it is necessary to design the first tooth groove axis m of the toothed part to meet certain angle requirements (that is, the first tooth groove axis m coincides with the line connecting the centers of holes a and hole b), otherwise the height requirements will not be met after installation. Since the tooth-shaped parts are castings, the quality of the non-machined surface is unstable and the overall size is small, it is difficult to determine a reliable positioning surface. At the same time, during processing, assembly fixtures are often used for clamping. The assembly cycle of the assembly fixtures is long and bulky, which is not conducive to efficient production. Therefore, when processing the tooth-shaped parts, batches or large quantities are often scrapped due to the existence of the above factors. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a fixed-angle tooth-shaped part processing device and a method of use. By designing a variety of auxiliary processing devices, the fixed-angle processing operation of the internal tooth shape of complex tooth-shaped parts can be quickly completed, and the processing accuracy and efficiency can be guaranteed.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0005] A fixed-angle toothed part processing device is used in conjunction with an existing broach 12 and a broaching machine spindle 13. One end of the broach 12 is a large-diameter end with a square cross-section, and the other end is a small-diameter end with a square groove. The broaching machine spindle 13 has an axial inner hole for inserting the small-diameter end of the broach 12. The outer wall of the broaching machine spindle 13 is provided with a square hole for cooperating with the square groove of the broach 12 to achieve locking. The processing device includes a base 1, a connecting disc 2, a faceplate 3, a female die 4, a male die 5, a toothed cylindrical pin 6, a diamond pin 7, a tool rest 8, a positioning block 9, a slide rail 10, a fixing pin 11, a fork-shaped piece 14, a limit pin 15, a fastening bolt 16, a pressure plate 17, and a fastening nut 18.

[0006] The base 1 is a vertically placed circular plate structure, which is fixedly connected with the broaching machine, used for fixing the whole machining device on the broaching machine, is an auxiliary device during installation and machining, and is provided with a through hole, a limiting hole and a plurality of bolt holes. The through hole is located at the center of the circle, is used for penetrating the broach 12, the limiting holes are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the through hole, and the bolt holes are used for fixing other auxiliary components.

[0007] The connecting disc 2 is a connecting member between the connecting disc 3 and the base 1, the center of which is provided with a center through hole through which the broach 12 penetrates, symmetrically arranged holes are arranged on the two sides of the center through hole and used for mounting the limiting pin 15, the limiting pin 15 is matched with the limiting hole on the base 1 to realize positioning and fitting with the base 1, a depression is arranged above the center through hole, a boss formed by the depression is provided with a threaded hole used for mounting the fastening bolt 16, the threaded hole is communicated with the center through hole, a reserved hole is arranged at a distance L1 below the center through hole and used for inserting the fixing pin 11, and the edge of the connecting disc 2 is provided with a plurality of U-shaped grooves, the connecting disc 2 is fixed on the base 1 by cooperating with the threaded holes on the base 1 through the set bolts.

[0008] The disc 3 is a long circular plate structure with one end being large and the other end being small, a circular boss is arranged at the center of the large circular end, a through hole is arranged at the center of the circular boss and used for the broach 12 to penetrate, the circular boss is inserted into the center through hole on the connecting disc 2 and precisely matched, meanwhile, the fastening bolt 16 is screwed into the threaded hole on the boss of the connecting disc 2, and the tail end abuts against the circular boss of the disc 3, so that the disc 3 is fixedly connected with the connecting disc 2; a through hole is arranged at the center of the small circular end of the disc 3, the axial distance between the through hole and the through hole at the center of the circular boss of the large circular end is L1, the fixing pin 11 penetrates the through hole and is in interference fit, the fixing pin 11 protrudes a certain height on the two sides of the disc 3, one side is precisely matched with the reserved hole on the connecting disc 2, and the other side is used for precisely matching with the tooth-shaped part to be machined or the female die 4.

[0009] The female die 4 is a tool setting gauge and is a stepped platform structure, a tooth-shaped hole with internal teeth is arranged at one end of the step, the tooth shape is completely same as that of a qualified tooth-shaped part, a through hole is arranged at the other end of the female die 4, the distance between the two holes is L1, and the center line n of the two holes is the first tooth groove axis, when the through hole penetrates the fixing pin 11 on the disc 3, the tooth-shaped hole of the female die 4 is located at the center of the connecting disc 2, and the female die 4 is used as a tool setting gauge for tool setting before machining and is removed after tool setting.

[0010] The slide rail 10 is a cylindrical member, there are two slide rails, and the two slide rails are fixedly connected on the lower semicircle of the base 1 and are used as slide tracks of the tool follower frame 8.

[0011] The tool rest 8 is a strip-shaped structure with through holes at both ends for passing through the slide rails 10 respectively, so as to achieve precise sliding on the slide rails 10; a boss is provided on the upper part of the tool rest 8, and a horizontal through hole is provided in the center of the boss for installing the positioning block 9, and two mounting holes are symmetrically provided on both sides of the through hole for the cylindrical end of the L-shaped pressure plate 17 to pass through, and a threaded hole is provided in the center of the top of the boss, which is communicated with the through hole on the boss for inserting a fastening screw.

[0012] The positioning block 9 is a circular stepped component with a square hole in the center. The size of the hole matches the size of the tail of the broach 12, that is, the large diameter end. The side of the positioning block 9 is slotted for achieving elastic deformation during the clamping of the broach 12. The small diameter end of the positioning block 9 is inserted into the through hole in the center of the boss of the tool holder 8 from the side facing the base 1, and the inner end face of the large diameter end is fitted with the tool holder 8 for limiting the position. After the broach 12 is inserted into the square hole of the positioning block 9, the fastening screw on the top of the tool holder 8 is screwed in to tighten the square hole of the positioning block 9 to clamp the broach 12.

[0013] The pressure plate 17 is an L-shaped component with a cylindrical end at one end and a plate-like end at the other end. The cylindrical end is provided with a thread. There are two pressure plates 17 with the same structure. When connected, the cylindrical ends pass through the two mounting holes on the boss of the tool holder 8 respectively, and the plate-like end is pressed on the end face of the large diameter end of the positioning block 9. The fastening nut 18 is tightened on the cylindrical end of the pressure plate 17 to achieve the compression of the positioning block 9 to prevent the positioning block 9 from being brought out during the movement of the broach 12.

[0014] The fork 14 is a Y-shaped part. The front section of the broaching tool 12, i.e., the small-diameter end, is inserted into the inner hole of the broaching machine spindle 13. The fork 14 is passed through the square hole of the broaching machine spindle 13 and the square slot of the broaching tool 12 to achieve a fixed connection between the broaching machine spindle 13 and the broaching tool 12. When the broaching machine spindle 13 performs broaching motion, the fork 14 is used to realize linkage with the broaching tool 12 to complete the broaching motion.

[0015] The male mold 5, the toothed cylindrical pin 6 and the diamond pin 7 constitute a test template for detecting whether the tooth shape of the toothed parts after processing is correct. The male mold 5 is also a stepped component, and its shape matches the female mold 4. The toothed holes and through-hole positions at both ends of the male mold 5 corresponding to the female mold 4 are also made into holes, and the holes correspond to the fixed connection of the toothed cylindrical pin 6 and the diamond pin 7. Among them, the profile of the toothed cylindrical pin 6 matches the internal teeth of the processed toothed parts, and its first tooth groove axis coincides with the line connecting the two holes. The test sample The plate is used to inspect the qualification of the processed toothed parts. Specifically, the cylindrical pin 6 and the diamond pin 7 in the test template can be inserted into the holes of the female mold 4 accordingly, so that the male mold 5 and the female mold 4 can be precisely matched. When inspecting the tooth shape of the toothed parts after processing, if the toothed parts are qualified after processing, the first tooth groove axis should coincide with the first tooth groove axis of the toothed cylindrical pin 6, that is, the diamond pin 7 should penetrate into the hole a of the toothed part and precisely match the hole, otherwise the toothed part will be unqualified.

[0016] A method for using a fixed-angle tooth-shaped part processing device, wherein the specific steps of the method are as follows:

[0017] S1: Drilling. Holes a and b are machined according to the designed dimensions, with hole b being rough-machined.

[0018] S2: Tool setting. Figure 6 The female die 4 shown is used as a tool setting template for tool setting. The small diameter end of the broach 12 is passed through the tooth hole of the female die 4. In order to ensure the accuracy of tool setting, the tooth profile accuracy of the female die 4 should be such that the broach 12 cannot be penetrated further after penetrating 4-5 teeth, so as to eliminate the gap between the teeth of the female die 4 and the teeth of the broach 12.

[0019] S3: Install the broach 12 and the female mold 4. Install the assembly of the female mold 4 and the broach 12 in step 2 on the faceplate 3, that is, pass the small diameter end of the broach 12 through the faceplate 3, the connecting disk 2 and the base 1 in sequence, and insert the hole of the small round end of the female mold 4 into the fixing pin 11, as shown in FIG. Figure 4 At this time, the first tooth tip of the broach 12 is aligned with the center line of the two holes of the tooth-shaped part to be processed, that is, the first tooth groove axis position is met.

[0020] S4: Position the broach 12 circumferentially. Insert the large diameter end of the broach 12 into the Figure 9 The square hole of the positioning block 9 is shown, and the square hole of the positioning block 9 is tightened by the tightening screw on the top of the tool holder 8, and the broach 12 is clamped to complete the circumferential positioning of the broach 12; the cylindrical end of the pressure plate 17 is inserted into the mounting hole of the tool holder 8, and the tightening nut 18 is tightened so that its plate-shaped end presses the positioning block 9; the tool alignment is completed.

[0021] S5: Dismantle the female mold 4. Push the tool holder 8 outward to drive the broach 12 to separate from the female mold 4, and remove the female mold 4.

[0022] S6: Install the toothed part to be processed. According to the method of the female mold 4, insert the fixing pin 11 into the hole a of the toothed part to be processed. At this time, the hole b is just coaxial with the through hole at the large round end of the disc 3, that is, the axis of the broach 12. Figure 3 shown.

[0023] S7: The broach 12 is axially fixed. After completing step 6, the broach 12 is sequentially passed through the hole b of the toothed part to be machined, the faceplate 3, the connecting plate 2, and the base 1, and then inserted into the broaching machine spindle 13. The fork 14 is inserted into the square hole on the broaching machine spindle 13 and locked into the square groove at the small diameter end of the broach, ensuring that the two broaching movements are synchronized.

[0024] S8: broaching tooth profile. After the above steps are completed, the power is turned on, the broach 12 is moved by the broach spindle 13, and the trailing knife holder 8 is pushed to follow the movement, so that the broach 12 does not fall off during broaching, and the circumferential positioning is reliable, after all the teeth on the broach 12 pass through the hole b, the fastening screw at the top of the trailing knife holder 8 is loosened, the broach 12 is separated from the positioning block 9 and the trailing knife holder 8, the broach spindle 13 continues to move, and the broach 12 completely passes through the hole b, and the tooth profile broaching is completed. When processing the next tooth profile part, it is not necessary to re-set the tool, and only the large diameter end of the broach 12 is inserted into the positioning block 9 to complete the circumferential positioning, so that the first tooth groove axis position can be ensured. During the above operation process, the positioning block 9 and the trailing knife holder 8 position always remain relatively static under the action of the pressing plate 17. When the relative movement of the positioning block 9 and the trailing knife holder 8 position occurs, the above process is re-performed to complete the tool setting.

[0025] S9: detection sample detection. The toothed cylindrical pin 6 and the rhombic pin 7 of the detection sample are respectively inserted into the hole b and the hole a of the processed tooth profile part, if they can be inserted, the tooth profile is qualified, if they cannot be inserted, it means that the tool setting is inaccurate, the tooth profile part is scrapped, and the tool setting should be re-performed, that is, the operations S2 to S9 are repeated.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows:

[0027] 1. High processing precision: The device integrates processing and detection, the tool setting sample can ensure that the first tooth groove axis of the broach meets the requirements of the part, and the detection sample can quickly and accurately detect the size and shape conformity of the processed part, which is convenient and fast.

[0028] 2. The device has simple structure, and only the coordination of the chuck and the related samples is needed to complete the tooth profile processing and detection, which is convenient to operate and has low manufacturing and maintenance cost. Once the tool is set, the batch part processing can be completed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 - processing and detection flowchart;

[0030] Figure 2 - structure diagram of the tooth profile part to be processed, wherein (a) is a front view, and (b) is a top view, in the drawings, a represents a hole on the ear piece, b represents a tooth profile hole, m represents a first tooth groove axis on the tooth profile part, and L1 represents a center distance between two holes;

[0031] Figure 3 - clamping diagram of the tooth profile part;

[0032] Figure 4 - clamping diagram of the tool setting sample;

[0033] Figure 5 - positioning diagram of the trailing knife holder;

[0034] Figure 6 - Schematic diagram of the tool setting template structure, where (a) is the main view and (b) is the top view. In the figure, n represents the first tooth groove axis on the tool setting template;

[0035] Figure 7 -Schematic diagram of tool setting and inspection template structure matching;

[0036] Figure 8 -Schematic diagram of the test sample structure;

[0037] Figure 9 -Schematic diagram of the positioning block structure.

[0038] In the figure: 1-base; 2-connecting plate; 3-faceplate; 4-female mold; 5-male mold; 6-toothed cylindrical pin; 7-diamond pin; 8-tool rest; 9-positioning block; 10-slide rail; 11-fixing pin; 12-broach; 13-broaching machine spindle; 14-fork; 15-limit pin; 16-fastening screw; 17-pressure plate, 18-fastening nut. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The specific implementation of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and technical solutions.

[0040] It should be understood that the accompanying drawings are not drawn to scale, but are merely simplified representations of various features illustrating the basic principles of the present invention. Specific design features of the present invention disclosed herein, including, for example, specific dimensions, orientations, positions, and configurations, will be determined in part by the specific intended application and environment of use. In the accompanying drawings, identical or equivalent components (elements) are designated by the same reference numerals.

[0041] A fixed-angle toothed part processing device is used in conjunction with an existing broach 12 and a broaching machine spindle 13. One end of the broach 12 is a large-diameter end with a square cross-section, and the other end is a small-diameter end with a square groove. The broaching machine spindle 13 has an axial inner hole for inserting the small-diameter end of the broach 12. The outer wall of the broaching machine spindle 13 is provided with a square hole for cooperating with the square groove of the broach 12 to achieve locking. The processing device includes a base 1, a connecting disc 2, a faceplate 3, a female die 4, a male die 5, a toothed cylindrical pin 6, a diamond pin 7, a tool rest 8, a positioning block 9, a slide rail 10, a fixing pin 11, a fork-shaped piece 14, a limit pin 15, a fastening bolt 16, a pressure plate 17, and a fastening nut 18.

[0042] The base 1 is a vertically placed circular plate structure, which is fixedly connected to the broaching machine and is used to fix the entire processing device on the broaching machine. It is an auxiliary device for installation during the processing. It is provided with a through hole, a limit hole and multiple bolt holes. The through hole is located at the center of the circle and is used to pass the broach 12. The limit holes are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the through hole, and the bolt holes are used to fix other auxiliary components.

[0043] The connecting disk 2 is a connecting component between the connecting disc 3 and the base 1, and a central through hole is provided in the center thereof for passing through the broach 12. Holes are symmetrically provided on both sides of the central through hole for installing limit pins 15, which cooperate with the limit holes on the base 1 to achieve positioning and fit with the base 1. A depression is provided above the central through hole, and a threaded hole for installing a fastening bolt 16 is provided in the center of the boss formed by the depression, and the threaded hole is communicated with the central through hole; a reserved hole is made at a distance L1 below the central through hole for inserting the fixing pin 11; a plurality of U-shaped grooves are provided on the edge of the connecting disk 2, which are fixed to the base 1 by fastening bolts and cooperating with the threaded holes on the base 1.

[0044] The faceplate 3 is a long circular plate-like structure with one end larger than the other end. A circular boss is provided in the center of the large circular end. A through hole is made in the center of the circular boss for the broach 12 to pass through. The circular boss is inserted into the center through hole on the connecting disk 2 and precisely matched. At the same time, the fastening bolt 16 is screwed into the threaded hole on the boss of the connecting disk 2, and the tail end rests on the circular boss of the faceplate 3 to achieve a fixed connection between the faceplate 3 and the connecting disk 2; a through hole is provided in the center of the small circular end of the faceplate 3, and the axial spacing between the through hole and the through hole in the center of the circular boss of the large circular end is L1. The fixing pin 11 passes through the through hole and is interference fit. The fixing pin 11 extends to a certain height on both sides of the faceplate 3, one side is precisely matched with the reserved hole on the connecting disk 2, and the other side is used to precisely match with the toothed part to be processed or the female mold 4.

[0045] The female mold 4 is used as a tool setting template and is a stepped platform structure. A tooth-shaped hole with internal teeth is provided at one end of the upper step. Its tooth shape is exactly the same as that of the qualified tooth-shaped parts. A through hole is made at the other end of the female mold 4. The distance between the two holes is L1, and the center line n of the two holes is the first tooth groove axis. When the through hole passes through the fixing pin 11 on the disc 3, the tooth-shaped hole of the female mold 4 is located in the center of the connecting disc 2. It is used as a tool setting template for tool setting before processing and is removed after the tool setting is completed.

[0046] The slide rails 10 are cylindrical components, two in total, symmetrically fixedly connected to the lower semicircle of the base 1 and serving as sliding tracks for the tool rest 8.

[0047] The tool rest 8 is a strip-shaped structure with through holes at both ends for passing through the slide rails 10 respectively, so as to achieve precise sliding on the slide rails 10; a boss is provided on the upper part of the tool rest 8, and a horizontal through hole is provided in the center of the boss for installing the positioning block 9, and two mounting holes are symmetrically provided on both sides of the through hole for the cylindrical end of the L-shaped pressure plate 17 to pass through, and a threaded hole is provided in the center of the top of the boss, which is communicated with the through hole on the boss for inserting a fastening screw.

[0048] The positioning block 9 is a circular stepped component with a square hole in the center. The size of the hole matches the size of the tail of the broach 12, that is, the large diameter end. The side of the positioning block 9 is slotted for achieving elastic deformation during the clamping of the broach 12. The small diameter end of the positioning block 9 is inserted into the through hole in the center of the boss of the tool holder 8 from the side facing the base 1, and the inner end face of the large diameter end is fitted with the tool holder 8 for limiting the position. After the broach 12 is inserted into the square hole of the positioning block 9, the fastening screw on the top of the tool holder 8 is screwed in to tighten the square hole of the positioning block 9 to clamp the broach 12.

[0049] The pressure plate 17 is an L-shaped component with a cylindrical end at one end and a plate-like end at the other end. The cylindrical end is provided with a thread. There are two pressure plates 17 with the same structure. When connected, the cylindrical ends pass through the two mounting holes on the boss of the tool holder 8 respectively, and the plate-like end is pressed on the end face of the large diameter end of the positioning block 9. The fastening nut 18 is tightened on the cylindrical end of the pressure plate 17 to achieve the compression of the positioning block 9 to prevent the positioning block 9 from being brought out during the movement of the broach 12.

[0050] The fork 14 is a Y-shaped part. The front section of the broaching tool 12, i.e., the small-diameter end, is inserted into the inner hole of the broaching machine spindle 13. The fork 14 is passed through the square hole of the broaching machine spindle 13 and the square slot of the broaching tool 12 to achieve a fixed connection between the broaching machine spindle 13 and the broaching tool 12. When the broaching machine spindle 13 performs broaching motion, the fork 14 is used to realize linkage with the broaching tool 12 to complete the broaching motion.

[0051] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the male mold 5, the toothed cylindrical pin 6 and the diamond pin 7 constitute a detection template for detecting whether the tooth shape of the toothed parts after processing is correct. The male mold 5 is also a stepped component, and its shape matches the female mold 4. The male mold 5 is also made with holes at the toothed holes and through-hole positions at both ends of the female mold 4. The holes are fixedly connected with the toothed cylindrical pin 6 and the diamond pin 7. Among them, the profile of the toothed cylindrical pin 6 matches the internal teeth of the processed toothed parts, and its first tooth groove axis coincides with the line connecting the two holes. The test template is used to check the qualification of the processed toothed parts. Specifically, the cylindrical pin 6 and the diamond pin 7 in the test template can be inserted into the holes of the female mold 4 accordingly, so that the male mold 5 and the female mold 4 can be precisely matched. When testing the tooth shape of the toothed part after processing, if the toothed part is qualified after processing, its first tooth groove axis should coincide with the first tooth groove axis of the toothed cylindrical pin 6, that is, the diamond pin 7 should penetrate into the hole a of the toothed part and precisely match the hole, otherwise the toothed part is unqualified.

[0052] A method for using a fixed angle toothed parts processing device, the process is as follows Figure 1 As shown, the specific steps of the method of use are as follows:

[0053] S1: Drilling. Holes a and b are machined according to the designed dimensions, with hole b being rough-machined.

[0054] S2: Tool setting. Figure 6 The female die 4 shown is used as a tool setting template for tool setting. The small diameter end of the broach 12 is passed through the tooth hole of the female die 4. In order to ensure the accuracy of tool setting, the tooth profile accuracy of the female die 4 should be such that the broach 12 cannot be penetrated further after penetrating 4-5 teeth, so as to eliminate the gap between the teeth of the female die 4 and the teeth of the broach 12.

[0055] S3: Install the broach 12 and the female mold 4. Install the assembly of the female mold 4 and the broach 12 in step 2 on the faceplate 3, that is, pass the small diameter end of the broach 12 through the faceplate 3, the connecting disk 2 and the base 1 in sequence, and insert the hole of the small round end of the female mold 4 into the fixing pin 11, as shown in FIG. Figure 4 At this time, the first tooth tip of the broach 12 is aligned with the center line of the two holes of the tooth-shaped part to be processed, that is, the first tooth groove axis position is met.

[0056] S4: Position the broach 12 circumferentially. Insert the large diameter end of the broach 12 into the Figure 9 The square hole of the positioning block 9 is tightened by the tightening screw on the top of the tool holder 8, and the broach 12 is clamped to complete the circumferential positioning of the broach 12. Figure 5 As shown; insert the cylindrical end of the pressure plate 17 into the mounting hole of the tool holder 8, and tighten the fastening nut 18 so that the plate-shaped end presses the positioning block 9; the tool setting is completed.

[0057] S5: Dismantle the female mold 4. Push the tool holder 8 outward to drive the broach 12 to separate from the female mold 4, and remove the female mold 4.

[0058] S6: Install the toothed part to be processed. According to the method of the female mold 4, insert the fixing pin 11 into the hole a of the toothed part to be processed. At this time, the hole b is just coaxial with the through hole at the large round end of the disc 3, that is, the axis of the broach 12. Figure 3 shown.

[0059] S7: The broach 12 is axially fixed. After completing step 6, the broach 12 is sequentially passed through the hole b of the toothed part to be machined, the faceplate 3, the connecting plate 2, and the base 1, and then inserted into the broaching machine spindle 13. The fork 14 is inserted into the square hole on the broaching machine spindle 13 and locked into the square groove at the small diameter end of the broach, ensuring that the two broaching movements are synchronized.

[0060] S8: Broaching the tooth profile. After completing the above steps, turn on the power supply so that the broaching machine spindle 13 drives the broaching tool 12 to move and pushes the tool rest 8 to follow the movement, ensuring that the broaching tool 12 does not fall off during the broaching process and that the circumferential positioning is reliable. After all the teeth on the broaching tool 12 pass through the hole b, loosen the fastening screws at the top of the tool rest 8 to disengage the broaching tool 12 from the positioning block 9 and the tool rest 8. The broaching machine spindle 13 continues to move, driving the broaching tool 12 to completely pass through the hole b, completing the tooth profile broaching. When processing the next tooth-shaped part, there is no need to re-align the tool. Only the large diameter end of the broaching tool 12 needs to be inserted into the positioning block 9 to complete the circumferential positioning to ensure the position of the first tooth groove axis. During all the above operations, the positioning block 9 and the tool rest 8 are always kept relatively stationary under the action of the pressure plate 17. When the positioning block 9 and the tool rest 8 move relative to each other, the above process can only be repeated to complete the tool alignment.

[0061] S9: Test sample. Insert the toothed cylindrical pin 6 and diamond pin 7 of the test sample into the hole b and hole a of the machined toothed part respectively. If they can penetrate, the tooth profile is qualified. If not, it means that the tool setting is inaccurate and the toothed part should be scrapped and re-set. That is, repeat the steps S2 to S9.

[0062] The above-described embodiments merely express the implementation methods of the present invention, but should not be understood as limiting the scope of the patent of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fixed-angle toothed part processing device, used in conjunction with a broach (12) and a broaching machine spindle (13), wherein one end of the broach (12) is a large-diameter end with a square cross-section, and the other end is a small-diameter end with a square groove. The broaching machine spindle (13) is provided with an inner hole in the axial direction for inserting the small-diameter end of the broach (12). The outer wall of the broaching machine spindle (13) is provided with a square hole for cooperating with the square groove of the broach (12) to achieve locking, characterized in that: The processing device comprises a base (1), a connecting disc (2), a faceplate (3), a female mold (4), a male mold (5), a toothed cylindrical pin (6), a diamond pin (7), a tool rest (8), a positioning block (9), a slide rail (10), a fixing pin (11), and a limit pin (15); The base (1) is a vertically placed circular plate-like structure, which is fixedly connected to the broaching machine and is used to fix the entire processing device on the broaching machine. A through hole and a limit hole are provided on the base, wherein the through hole is located at the center of the circle and is used to pass the broach (12). The limit holes are symmetrically provided on both sides of the through hole. The center of the connecting disk (2) is provided with a central through hole through which the broach (12) passes, and holes are symmetrically provided on both sides of the central through hole for installing a limit pin (15), which cooperates with the limit hole on the base (1) to achieve positioning and fitting with the base (1); a reserved hole is made at a distance L1 below the central through hole for inserting a fixing pin (11), and the connecting disk (2) is fixedly connected to the base (1); L1 is the straight-line distance between the center of the toothed part hole a and the center of the hole b; The faceplate (3) is a long circular plate-like structure with one end larger than the other end. A circular boss is provided at the center of the large circular end. A through hole is formed in the center of the circular boss for the broach (12) to pass through. The circular boss is inserted into the center through hole on the connecting disk (2) and precisely matched. A through hole is provided at the center of the small circular end of the faceplate (3). The axial spacing between the through hole and the through hole in the center of the circular boss at the large circular end is L1. A fixing pin (11) passes through the through hole and has an interference fit. The fixing pin (11) extends from both sides of the faceplate (3). One side is precisely matched with the reserved hole on the connecting disk (2), and the other side is used to precisely match with the toothed part to be processed or the female mold (4). The female mold (4) is used as a tool setting template and is a stepped structure. A tooth-shaped hole with internal teeth is provided at one end of the upper step. The tooth shape accuracy should be such that the broach (12) cannot continue to penetrate after 4-5 teeth, so as to eliminate the gap between the teeth of the female mold (4) and the teeth of the broach (12). A through hole is formed at the other end of the female mold (4). The distance between the two holes is L1, and the line n connecting the centers of the two holes is the first tooth groove axis. When the through hole passes through the fixing pin (11) on the faceplate (3), the tooth-shaped hole of the female mold (4) is located at the center of the connecting disk (2). It is used as a tool setting template for tool setting before processing and is removed after the tool setting is completed. The slide rails (10) are cylindrical components, two in total, symmetrically fixedly connected to the lower semicircle of the base (1) and serving as sliding rails for the tool holder (8); The tool rest (8) is a strip-shaped structure with through holes at both ends for respectively passing through the slide rails (10) to achieve precise sliding on the slide rails (10); a boss is provided on the upper part of the tool rest (8), a transverse through hole is provided at the center of the boss for installing the positioning block (9), and a threaded hole is provided at the center of the top of the boss, which is communicated with the through hole on the boss for inserting a fastening screw; The positioning block (9) is a circular stepped component with a square hole in the center. The size of the square hole matches the size of the large diameter end of the broach (12). The side of the positioning block (9) is slotted for realizing elastic deformation in the process of clamping the broach (12). The small diameter end of the positioning block (9) is inserted into the through hole in the center of the boss of the tool holder (8) from the side facing the base (1), and the inner end face of the large diameter end is fitted with the tool holder (8) for limiting the position. After the broach (12) is inserted into the square hole of the positioning block (9), the fastening screw on the top of the tool holder (8) is screwed in to tighten the square hole of the positioning block (9) to clamp the broach (12). The male mold (5), the toothed cylindrical pin (6) and the diamond pin (7) constitute a test sample. The male mold (5) is also a stepped component. Its outer shape matches that of the female mold (4). The male mold (5) is also bored at the toothed holes and through-hole positions at the two ends of the female mold (4). The toothed cylindrical pin (6) and the diamond pin (7) are fixedly connected in the holes. The profile of the toothed cylindrical pin (6) matches the inner teeth of the processed toothed part, and the axis of its first tooth coincides with the line connecting the two holes. The test sample is used to inspect the eligibility of the processed toothed part.

2. A fixed angle toothed parts processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (1) is provided with bolt holes, and the edge of the connecting plate (2) is provided with a plurality of U-shaped grooves, and the two are fixedly connected by tightening bolts.

3. The fixed angle toothed part processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A depression is provided above the central through hole of the connecting disk (2), and a threaded hole communicating with the central through hole is provided at the center of the boss formed by the depression. After the circular boss of the faceplate (3) is inserted into the central through hole, the fastening bolt (16) is screwed into the threaded hole to achieve a fixed connection with the connecting disk (2).

4. The fixed-angle toothed part processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The processing device also includes a pressure plate (17) and a fastening nut (18). Two mounting holes are symmetrically provided on both sides of the through hole of the tool holder (8) for the cylindrical end of the L-shaped pressure plate (17) to pass through; the pressure plate (17) is an L-shaped component, one end of which is a cylindrical end and the other end is a plate-shaped end, and the cylindrical end is provided with a thread. There are two pressure plates (17) with the same structure, and their cylindrical ends respectively pass through the two mounting holes on the boss of the tool holder (8), and the plate-shaped end is pressed on the large-diameter end face of the positioning block (9). The fastening nut (18) is tightened on the cylindrical end of the pressure plate (17) to achieve the tightening of the positioning block (9).

5. The fixed-angle toothed part processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The processing device further comprises a fork-shaped member (14), which is a Y-shaped member and passes through the square hole of the broaching machine spindle (13) and the square slot of the broaching tool (12), thereby achieving a fixed connection between the broaching machine spindle (13) and the broaching tool (12).

6. The method for using the fixed-angle toothed part processing device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The specific steps of the method of use are as follows: S1: Drilling: machining holes a and b of the toothed part to be machined, with hole b being rough-machined. S2: Tool setting; pass the small diameter end of the broach (12) through the toothed hole of the female die (4), and the broach (12) should not be able to penetrate further after 4-5 teeth are penetrated, so as to eliminate the gap between the teeth of the female die (4) and the teeth of the broach (12); S3: Install the broach (12) and the female mold (4); install the assembly consisting of the female mold (4) and the broach (12) in step 2 on the faceplate (3). Specifically, pass the small diameter end of the broach (12) through the faceplate (3), the connecting disk (2) and the base (1) in sequence, and pass the hole of the small round end of the female mold (4) into the fixing pin (11). At this time, the first tooth tip of the broach (12) meets the first tooth groove axis position; S4: Circumferential positioning of the broach (12); insert the large diameter end of the broach (12) into the square hole of the positioning block (9), and tighten the square hole of the positioning block (9) through the fastening screw on the top of the tool holder (8), clamp the broach (12), and complete the circumferential positioning of the broach (12); S5: dismantling the female mold (4); pushing the tool holder (8) to drive the broach (12) to separate from the female mold (4), and dismantling the female mold (4); S6: Install the tooth-shaped part to be processed; insert the fixing pin (11) into the hole a of the tooth-shaped part to be processed; S7: The broach (12) is axially fixed; after step 6 is completed, the broach (12) is sequentially passed through the hole b of the toothed part to be processed, the faceplate (3), the connecting plate (2) and the base (1), and then inserted into the broaching machine spindle (13) and locked. At this time, the hole b is coaxial with the axis of the broach (12); S8: After completing the above steps, the power is turned on, so that the broaching machine spindle (13) drives the broaching tool (12) to move, and pushes the tool holder (8) to follow the movement, so as to ensure that the broaching tool (12) does not fall off during the broaching process and the circumferential positioning is reliable. After all the teeth on the broaching tool (12) pass through the hole b, the fastening screws at the top of the tool holder (8) are loosened, so that the broaching tool (12) is separated from the positioning block (9) and the tool holder (8), and the broaching machine spindle (13) continues to move, driving the broaching tool (12) to completely pass through the hole b, and the tooth broaching is completed; when the next toothed part is processed, there is no need to re-calibrate the tool, and the large diameter end of the broaching tool (12) only needs to be inserted into the positioning block (9) to complete the circumferential positioning to ensure the position of the first tooth groove axis; S9: Test the test sample; insert the toothed cylindrical pin (6) and diamond pin (7) of the test sample into the hole b and hole a of the processed toothed part respectively. If they can be inserted, the tooth shape is qualified. If they cannot be inserted, it means that the tool setting is inaccurate and the toothed part is scrapped and the tool should be set again.

Images