A method for cutting roof and releasing pressure and protecting roadway in advance of working face and a blasting charge structure

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of blasting, in particular to a kind of advanced working face roof cutting pressure relief and roadway protection method and blasting charge structure.The technical scheme includes support plate for supporting equipment and dispensing mechanism for quickly dispensing explosive;The dispensing mechanism includes storage box for storing explosive and material pouring block for making explosive automatically slide into blasting hole;One end of the support plate is provided with a protection mechanism for protecting the person dispensing explosive, which can reduce the harm of explosive to the person dispensing explosive.The present application is designed by dispensing mechanism, storage box and material pouring block, etc., and the explosive can be automatically dispensed by dispensing mechanism, which can reduce the time and frequency of manual operation, thereby improving production efficiency.And automatic explosive dispensing can avoid the influence of human factors on explosive throwing, improve the accuracy and accuracy of throwing, avoid accidents when handling explosive incorrectly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of blasting technology, and in particular to a method for cutting the roof and relieving pressure in an advanced working face and a blasting charge structure. Background Technology

[0002] In coal mining, to improve production efficiency and mining progress, working faces are often prepared for mining ahead of schedule. Traditional coal mining typically involves mining one working face at a time, while advanced working faces begin preparation for mining the next working face before the current one is fully mined. To ensure the safety of coal miners and the stability of the mine, a support structure called a roof-cutting and pressure-relief roadway is used. This involves adding roof-cutting and pressure-relief supports and roadways to the horizontal roof caving structure to distribute horizontal loads and bear vertical loads, ensuring the stability and safety of the advanced working face. However, coal mining requires blasting, and the existence of the roof-cutting and pressure-relief roadway must be considered during blasting operations to ensure compatibility and safety between the blasting charge structure and the roof-cutting and pressure-relief roadway.

[0003] The current explosive charge structure refers to the combination and arrangement of various explosive materials and devices used in blasting operations. It includes multiple components, such as explosives, some of which are elongated strips. Currently, these strips of explosives must be manually placed vertically into the blast holes one by one, a process that is time-consuming and labor-intensive. This method is inefficient for large-scale and complex blasting operations, leading to extended project durations. Furthermore, improper handling and disposal of filament explosives can cause accidental explosions. For example, improper placement may result in an unstable explosion. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems existing in the background art by proposing a method for cutting the roof and relieving pressure in advance working faces and a blasting charge structure.

[0005] In a first aspect, the technical solution of the present invention is: a blasting charge structure, including a support plate for supporting the equipment and a delivery mechanism for rapidly delivering explosives; the delivery mechanism includes a storage box for storing explosives and a dumping block for automatically sliding the explosives into the blast hole; one end of the support plate is provided with a protective mechanism that can protect the personnel delivering the explosives, and the protective mechanism can reduce the damage caused by the explosives to the personnel delivering the explosives.

[0006] The storage box has a rotating groove, and the bottom of the rotating groove has a sliding groove that is fixedly connected to the top of the pouring block. The inside of the storage box is inclined towards the sliding groove. The support plate has a mounting slot for inserting the bottom of the pouring block and fixing it thereto. The rotating groove has a rotating plate inside, and the rotating plate has multiple locking plates that can lock the rotation of the explosive. One end of the rotating plate is fixedly connected to a connecting rod, and one end of the connecting rod moves through the storage box and is fixedly connected to a first gear. The outer wall of the storage box is provided with a transmission mechanism that can drive the first gear to rotate.

[0007] The transmission mechanism includes a second gear rotatably connected to the outer wall of the storage box. The number of teeth of the second gear and the first gear is the same as the number of plates on the rotating dial. The second gear is rotatably connected to the first gear. The outer wall of the second gear is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating rod. The other end of the rotating rod movably passes through the protective mechanism. The other end of the protective mechanism is fixedly connected to a plug handle. The outer wall of the protective mechanism is provided with an anti-accidental contact mechanism that can drive the transmission mechanism to rotate.

[0008] The anti-accidental touch mechanism includes a sleeve block connected to the outer wall of the protective mechanism. The sleeve block is movably sleeved with the other end of the rotating rod. The insert handle is provided with multiple V-shaped slots. One end of the insert handle is rotatably sleeved with the sleeve handle. The sleeve handle is slidably connected to a telescopic plate. The inside of the sleeve handle is provided with a spring mounting slot corresponding to the telescopic plate. The inside of each spring mounting slot is provided with a first spring that can pull the telescopic plate back to its original position. The sleeve block and the sleeve handle are provided with a reminder mechanism.

[0009] Optionally, the reminder mechanism includes a spring telescopic groove at one end of the sleeve block, a second spring is provided inside the spring telescopic groove, a telescopic lever is fixedly connected to one end of the second spring, and a plurality of circular slots are provided at one end of the sleeve block handle, which correspond to the teeth on the first gear and the second gear and allow the telescopic lever to be inserted.

[0010] Optionally, the protective mechanism includes a pair of support rods connected to its outer wall, one end of which is fixedly connected to a push-pull rod.

[0011] Optionally, the top of the protective mechanism is provided with an observation slot for observing the road conditions ahead, and the interior of the observation slot is provided with a sturdy first protective glass. The bottom of the protective mechanism is provided with an installation slot for observing the bottom of the dumping block, and the interior of the installation slot is provided with a sturdy second protective glass.

[0012] Optionally, a vertical support plate for supporting the storage box is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the support plate.

[0013] Optionally, the support plate is provided with a connecting slot, the protective mechanism is provided with a pair of mounting holes for connecting with the support plate, the outer wall of the storage box is provided with a protective cover to protect the rotating lever, the top of the storage box is provided with a rotating box door for protecting the explosives inside the storage box, and the lower surface of the support plate is provided with multiple universal pulleys to facilitate the movement of the support plate.

[0014] Secondly, this application provides a method for cutting the roof and relieving pressure in an advanced working face to protect the roadway, which uses the explosive charge structure of the first aspect, and includes the following steps:

[0015] S1. When the explosive charge structure is needed, first open the rotating box door, then stack the explosives and place them inside the storage box. Then, push the push-pull rod through the observation slot to move the support plate to the place where the explosion is needed. Observe through the mounting slot at the bottom of the protective mechanism to ensure that the bottom of the dumping block is directly above the quasi-explosion hole.

[0016] S2. Simply hold the handle of the sleeve block. Since the handle of the sleeve block has multiple telescopic plates, the telescopic plates will retract into the inside of the handle of the sleeve block, and the handle of the sleeve block will be inserted into the V-shaped slot on the insert handle. Then, turn the handle of the sleeve block to drive the insert handle to rotate. The insert handle drives one end of the rotating rod to rotate, and the other end of the rotating rod drives the second gear to rotate. Since the second gear is meshed with the first gear, the second gear drives the first gear to rotate. Since the number of teeth in the circular slot on the handle of the sleeve block is the same as that of the second gear and the first gear, when the handle of the sleeve block is turned, one end of the telescopic rod will be pushed by the elastic force of the second spring, so that the other end of the telescopic rod will be inserted into the circular slot. At this time, the palm of the hand turning the handle of the sleeve block will produce a jerky feeling as a reminder.

[0017] S3. However, since the number of teeth on the first and second gears is the same as the number of plates on the rotating dial plate, and the inside of the storage box is inclined towards the sliding groove, the explosives will automatically roll into the sliding groove. Therefore, when the handle of the sleeve block is turned and a jerking sensation is produced, the plate on the first spring will hold an explosive and push it into the sliding groove. The pushed explosives are subjected to gravity, and because the inside of the pouring block is inclined, the explosives will slide towards the bottom of the pouring block and then slide from the bottom of the pouring block into the blasting hole. Finally, according to the number of explosives used, turning the handle of the sleeve block will produce a few jerking sensations and the corresponding number of explosives will fall out, which is quick and convenient.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0019] This invention, through the design of a dispensing mechanism, storage box, and pouring block, allows for the automatic dispensing of explosives, reducing the time and frequency of manual operation and thus improving production efficiency. Furthermore, the automatic dispensing avoids the influence of human factors on explosive throwing, improving throwing accuracy and preventing accidents caused by incorrect operation and handling of explosives.

[0020] Furthermore, through the design of the protective mechanism, the present invention can provide a barrier to reduce or block the harm from these dangerous factors, protect personal safety, and thereby reduce the degree of harm to the personnel who place the explosives from the explosive impact.

[0021] Furthermore, this invention incorporates an anti-accidental operation mechanism, ensuring that the transmission mechanism can only be rotated by holding the handle of the sleeve block. This effectively reduces accidents caused by misoperation, significantly improving safety and minimizing the risk of accidents and unforeseen events. Ultimately, this ensures correct operation and avoids potential dangers. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the method for cutting the roof and relieving pressure in the advanced working face and the blasting charge structure of the present invention is provided.

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the split structure;

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the central protective mechanism;

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Partial structural diagram;

[0026] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Partial structural diagram;

[0027] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A partial diagram of the split structure;

[0028] Figure 7 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the anti-accidental touch mechanism;

[0029] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Cross-sectional view;

[0030] Figure 9 for Figure 8 Enlarged diagram of point A in the middle.

[0031] Reference numerals: 1. Support plate; 2. Storage box; 201. Rotating groove; 202. Sliding groove; 203. Rotating lever; 204. Connecting rod; 205. First gear; 206. Second gear; 207. Rotating rod; 208. Sleeve block; 209. Sleeve block handle; 210. Insertion block handle; 211. Telescopic plate; 212. Spring mounting groove; 213. First spring; 214. Spring telescopic groove; 215. Second spring; 216. Telescopic locking rod; 217. Circular locking groove; 218. V-shaped locking groove; 3. Pouring block; 4. Protective mechanism; 41. Observation slot; 42. First protective glass; 43. Mounting groove; 44. Second protective glass; 45. Mounting insertion hole; 46. Support rod; 47. Push-pull rod; 5. Vertical support plate; 6. Protective cover; 7. Rotating box door; 8. Universal pulley; 9. Mounting slot; 10. Connecting slot. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0033] The components of the embodiments of the invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can typically be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention.

[0034] Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0036] It should be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0037] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0038] Example

[0039] like Figures 1-9 As shown, the explosive charge structure proposed in this invention includes a support plate 1 for supporting the equipment and a delivery mechanism for rapidly delivering explosives. A vertical support plate 5 for supporting a storage box 2 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the support plate 1. The delivery mechanism includes a storage box 2 for storing explosives and a dumping block 3 for automatically sliding the explosives into the blast hole. A protective mechanism 4 is provided at one end of the support plate 1 to protect the personnel delivering the explosives. The protective mechanism 4 can reduce the damage caused by the explosives to the personnel delivering the explosives.

[0040] The material of storage box 2 refers to a material that can effectively isolate and control the explosion of explosives. The explosion-proof plate it is made of is a specially designed structural material that can not only absorb and disperse the energy of the explosion shock wave, but also has the characteristics of suppressing combustion and delaying the spread of flames.

[0041] Further, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2The storage box 2 has a rotating groove 201, and a sliding groove 202 at the bottom of the rotating groove 201 is fixedly connected to the top of the pouring block 3. The interior of the storage box 2 is inclined towards the sliding groove 202. The support plate 1 has a mounting slot 9 for inserting and fixing the bottom of the pouring block 3. A rotating lever 203 is provided inside the rotating groove 201. The rotating lever 203 has five locking plates that can lock the rotation of the explosive. A connecting rod 204 is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating lever 203. One end of the connecting rod 204 passes through the storage box 2 and is fixedly connected to a first gear 205. A transmission mechanism that can drive the first gear 205 to rotate is provided on the outer wall of the storage box 2. The rotating lever 203 is made of silicon dioxide, which has good thermal and chemical stability under certain specific conditions and can be used in explosion-proof barriers and sealing materials.

[0042] The transmission mechanism of the explosive charge structure includes a second gear 206 rotatably connected to the outer wall of the storage tank 2. The number of teeth of the second gear 206 and the first gear 205 is the same as the number of plates on the rotating dial 203. The second gear 206 is rotatably connected to the first gear 205. The outer wall of the second gear 206 is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating rod 207. The other end of the rotating rod 207 movably passes through the protective mechanism 4. The other end of the protective mechanism 4 is fixedly connected to the insert handle 210. The outer wall of the protective mechanism 4 is provided with an anti-accidental contact mechanism that can drive the transmission mechanism to rotate. The protective mechanism 4 includes a pair of support rods 46 connected to its outer wall. One end of the support rods 46 is fixedly connected to a push-pull rod 47.

[0043] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 The anti-accidental activation mechanism includes a sleeve block 208 connected to the outer wall of the protective mechanism 4. The sleeve block 208 is movably sleeved with the other end of the rotating rod 207. A plurality of V-shaped slots 218 are provided on the insert handle 210. A sleeve handle 209 is rotatably sleeved at one end of the insert handle 210. A telescopic plate 211 is slidably connected to the sleeve handle 209. A spring mounting groove 212 corresponding to the telescopic plate 211 is provided inside the sleeve handle 209. Each spring mounting groove 212 contains a first spring 213 that can pull the telescopic plate 211 back to its original position. The function of the first spring 213 is to drive the telescopic plate 211 back to its original position. The transmission mechanism cannot be rotated if the sleeve handle 209 is not gripped tightly, thus preventing accidental slippage of explosives caused by careless rotation of the sleeve handle 209. A reminder mechanism is provided on the sleeve block 208 and the sleeve handle 209.

[0044] like Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9As shown, the warning mechanism of this explosive charge structure includes a spring telescopic groove 214 at one end of the sleeve block 208. A second spring 215 is installed inside the spring telescopic groove 214. One end of the second spring 215 is fixedly connected to a telescopic locking rod 216. One end of the sleeve block handle 209 has five circular slots 217 that correspond to the teeth on the first gear 205 and the second gear 206, allowing the telescopic locking rod 216 to be inserted. The number of circular slots 217 is the same as the number of teeth on the first gear 205 and the second gear 206. Their function is that whenever the telescopic locking rod 216 is engaged in a circular slot 217 and a slight jolt is produced, rotating the locking plate on the lever 203 will cause an explosive to slide into the sliding groove 202, and finally, the explosive will fall into the blast hole. The telescopic locking rod 216, through the elastic thrust of the second spring 215, produces a jolt when engaged in the circular slot 217, providing a feeling of elastic feedback.

[0045] like Figure 3 The protective mechanism 4 has an observation slot 41 at the top for observing the road conditions ahead. A sturdy first protective glass 42 is installed inside the observation slot 41. The protective mechanism 4 also has a mounting slot 43 at the bottom for observing the bottom of the pouring block 3. A sturdy second protective glass 44 is installed inside the mounting slot 43. Both the first and second protective glasses are composite glass, consisting of multiple layers of glass and interlayer materials. The interlayer typically uses special polymers, plastics, or composite materials with high strength and impact resistance, effectively resisting explosions and high-speed impacts.

[0046] The support plate 1 has a connecting slot 10, and the protective mechanism 4 has a pair of mounting holes 45 connected to the support plate 1. The outer wall of the storage box 2 is provided with a protective cover 6 to protect the rotating lever 203. The top of the storage box 2 is provided with a rotating box door 7 to protect the explosives inside the storage box 2. The rotating box door 7 can be made of explosion-proof steel plate, which has high strength and heat resistance and is often used to manufacture explosion-proof doors, explosion-proof windows and explosion-proof partitions. The lower surface of the support plate 1 is provided with four universal pulleys 8 to facilitate the movement of the support plate 1. The function of the universal pulleys 8 is to facilitate the movement of the explosive charge structure to the position of the blast hole.

[0047] Specifically, this application provides a method for roof cutting and pressure relief in advanced working faces, such as... Figures 1-9 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0048] S1. When the explosive charge structure is needed, first open the rotating box door 7, then stack the explosives and place them inside the storage box 2. Then push the push-pull rod 47 through the observation slot 41 to move the support plate 1 to the place where it needs to be blasted. Observe through the mounting slot 43 at the bottom of the protective mechanism 4 so that the bottom end of the pouring block 3 is directly above the quasi-blasting hole.

[0049] S2. Simply hold the handle 209. Since the handle 209 has five telescopic plates 211, these plates retract into the handle 209, allowing it to insert into the V-shaped slot 218 on the insert handle 210. Rotating the handle 209 then rotates the insert handle 210, causing one end of the rotating rod 207 to rotate. The other end of the rotating rod 207 then rotates the second gear 206. Because the second gear 206... The second gear 206 is meshed with the first gear 205, so the second gear 206 drives the first gear 205 to rotate. Since the number of teeth in the circular slot 217 on the sleeve handle 209 is the same as that in the second gear 206 and the first gear 205, when the sleeve handle 209 is rotated, one end of the telescopic lever 216 will be subjected to the elastic thrust of the second spring 215, so that the other end of the telescopic lever 216 is inserted into the circular slot 217. At this time, the palm of the hand rotating the sleeve handle 209 will produce a jerky feeling as a reminder.

[0050] S3. However, since the number of teeth of the first gear 205 and the second gear 206 is the same as the number of plates on the rotating dial 203, and the inside of the storage box 2 is inclined towards the sliding groove 202, the explosives will automatically roll into the sliding groove 202. Therefore, when the handle 209 is rotated and a jerking sensation is produced, the plate on the first spring 213 will hold an explosive and push it towards the sliding groove 202. The pushed explosives are subjected to gravity, and since the inside of the pouring block 3 is inclined, the explosives will slide towards the bottom of the pouring block 3 and then slide from the bottom of the pouring block 3 into the blasting hole. Finally, according to the number of explosives used, rotating the handle 209 will produce a few jerking sensations and the corresponding number of explosives will fall, which is quick and convenient.

[0051] In this embodiment, when an explosive charge structure is required, such as Figure 1 As shown, first open the rotating box door 7, then stack the explosives and place them inside the storage box 2. Then, push the push-pull rod 47 through the observation slot 41 to move the support plate 1 to the place where it needs to be blasted. Observe through the mounting slot 43 at the bottom of the protective mechanism 4 so that the bottom end of the pouring block 3 is directly above the quasi-blasting hole.

[0052] like Figure 7-9As shown, simply holding the handle 209 of the socket block causes the five telescopic plates 211 on the handle 209 to retract into the interior of the handle 209, allowing the handle 209 to insert into the V-shaped slot 218 on the insert handle 210. This creates significant friction between the handle 209 and the insert handle 210. Rotating the handle 209 then rotates the insert handle 210, causing one end of the rotating rod 207 to rotate, and the other end of the rotating rod 207 drives the second gear. When 206 rotates, since the second gear 206 is meshed with the first gear 205, the second gear 206 drives the first gear 205 to rotate. Since the number of teeth in the circular slot 217 on the sleeve handle 209 is the same as that of the second gear 206 and the first gear 205, when the sleeve handle 209 is rotated, one end of the telescopic lever 216 will be subjected to the elastic thrust of the second spring 215, causing the other end of the telescopic lever 216 to insert into the circular slot 217. At this time, the palm of the hand rotating the sleeve handle 209 will produce a jerky feeling as a reminder.

[0053] like Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 8 As shown, since the number of teeth on the first gear 205 and the second gear 206 is the same as the number of clamping plates on the rotating dial 203, and the inside of the storage box 2 is inclined towards the sliding groove 202, the explosives will automatically roll into the sliding groove 202. Therefore, when the handle 209 is rotated and a jerking sensation is produced, the clamping plate on the first spring 213 will catch an explosive and push it towards the sliding groove 202. The pushed explosives are subjected to gravity, and because the inside of the pouring block 3 is inclined, the explosives will slide towards the bottom of the pouring block 3, and then slide from the bottom of the pouring block 3 into the blasting hole. Finally, by rotating the handle 209 according to the number of explosives used, the corresponding number of explosives will fall after a few jerking sensations, which is quick and convenient.

[0054] The above specific embodiments are merely optional embodiments of the present invention. Based on the technical solutions of the present invention and the relevant teachings of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can make various alternative improvements and combinations to the above specific embodiments.

Claims

1. A blasting charge structure, characterized in that, include: Support plate (1) for supporting equipment and delivery mechanism for rapid delivery of explosives; The delivery mechanism includes a storage box (2) for storing explosives and a dumping block (3) for automatically dropping the explosives into the blast hole. One end of the support plate (1) is provided with a protective mechanism (4) that can protect the personnel who throw explosives. The protective mechanism (4) can reduce the damage of explosives to the personnel who throw explosives. The storage box (2) is provided with a rotating groove (201), and the bottom of the rotating groove (201) is provided with a sliding groove (202) that is fixedly connected to the top of the pouring block (3). The interior of the storage box (2) is inclined towards the sliding groove (202). The support plate (1) is provided with an installation slot (9) for the bottom end of the pouring block (3) to be inserted and fixedly connected to it. The rotating groove (201) is provided with a rotating dial plate (203). The rotating dial plate (203) is provided with multiple clamping plates that can hold the explosive to rotate. One end of the rotating dial plate (203) is fixedly connected to a connecting rod (204). One end of the connecting rod (204) moves through the storage box (2) and is fixedly connected to a first gear (205). The outer wall of the storage box (2) is provided with a transmission mechanism that can drive the first gear (205) to rotate. The transmission mechanism includes a second gear (206) rotatably connected to the outer wall of the storage box (2). The number of teeth of the second gear (206) and the first gear (205) is the same as the number of plates on the rotating dial (203). The second gear (206) is rotatably connected to the first gear (205). The outer wall of the second gear (206) is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating rod (207). The other end of the rotating rod (207) movably passes through the protective mechanism (4). The other end of the protective mechanism (4) is fixedly connected to a plug handle (210). The outer wall of the protective mechanism (4) is provided with an anti-accidental contact mechanism that can drive the transmission mechanism to rotate. The anti-accidental touch mechanism includes a sleeve block (208) connected to the outer wall of the protective mechanism (4). The sleeve block (208) is movably sleeved with the other end of the rotating rod (207). The insert handle (210) is provided with multiple V-shaped slots (218). One end of the insert handle (210) is rotatably sleeved with a sleeve handle (209). The sleeve handle (209) is slidably connected with a telescopic plate (211). The inside of the sleeve handle (209) is provided with a spring mounting groove (212) corresponding to the telescopic plate (211). The inside of the spring mounting groove (212) is provided with a first spring (213) that can pull the telescopic plate (211) back to its original position. The sleeve block (208) and the sleeve handle (209) are provided with a reminder mechanism.

2. The explosive charge structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reminder mechanism includes a spring telescopic groove (214) opened at one end of the sleeve block (208), and a second spring (215) is provided inside the spring telescopic groove (214). One end of the second spring (215) is fixedly connected to a telescopic lever (216). One end of the sleeve block handle (209) is provided with a plurality of circular slots (217) that correspond to the teeth on the first gear (205) and the second gear (206) and allow the telescopic lever (216) to be inserted.

3. The explosive charge structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protective mechanism (4) includes a pair of support rods (46) connected to its outer wall, one end of which is fixedly connected to a push-pull rod (47).

4. The explosive charge structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the protective mechanism (4) is provided with an observation slot (41) for observing the road conditions ahead. The observation slot (41) is provided with a sturdy first protective glass (42). The bottom of the protective mechanism (4) is provided with an installation slot (43) for observing the bottom of the pouring block (3). The installation slot (43) is provided with a sturdy second protective glass (44).

5. The explosive charge structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper surface of the support plate (1) is fixedly connected to a vertical support plate (5) for supporting the storage box (2).

6. The explosive charge structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support plate (1) is provided with a connecting slot (10), the protective mechanism (4) is provided with a pair of mounting holes (45) connected to the support plate (1), the outer wall of the storage box (2) is provided with a protective cover (6) that can protect the rotating lever (203), the top of the storage box (2) is provided with a rotating box door (7) for protecting the explosives inside the storage box (2), and the lower surface of the support plate (1) is provided with a number of universal pulleys (8) to facilitate the movement of the support plate (1).

7. A method for roof cutting and pressure relief in advance working faces, characterized in that, The explosive charge structure according to any one of claims 1-6 includes the following steps: S1. When the explosive charge structure is needed, first open the rotating box door (7), then stack the explosives and place them inside the storage box (2). Then push the push-pull rod (47) through the observation slot (41) to move the support plate (1) to the place where it needs to be blasted. Observe through the mounting slot (43) at the bottom of the protective mechanism (4) so ​​that the bottom end of the pouring block (3) is directly above the quasi-blasting hole. S2. Simply hold the handle (209). Since the handle (209) has multiple telescopic plates (211), the telescopic plates (211) will retract into the handle (209), and the handle (209) will insert into the V-shaped slot (218) on the insert handle (210). Then, rotate the handle (209) to drive the insert handle (210) to rotate. The insert handle (210) will drive one end of the rotating rod (207) to rotate, and the other end of the rotating rod (207) will drive the second gear (206) to rotate. Since the second gear (206) is rotated, the second gear (207) will rotate. 6) The second gear (206) is meshed with the first gear (205), so the second gear (206) drives the first gear (205) to rotate. Since the number of teeth in the circular slot (217) on the sleeve handle (209) is the same as that in the second gear (206) and the first gear (205), when the sleeve handle (209) is rotated, one end of the telescopic lever (216) will be subjected to the elastic force of the second spring (215), so that the other end of the telescopic lever (216) is inserted into the circular slot (217). At this time, the palm of the hand rotating the sleeve handle (209) will produce a jerky feeling as a reminder. S3, but since the number of teeth of the first gear (205) and the second gear (206) is the same as the number of plates on the rotating lever (203), the inside of the storage box (2) is inclined towards the sliding groove (202), causing the explosive to roll automatically towards the sliding groove (202). Therefore, when the handle (209) of the sleeve block is rotated and a jerking sensation is generated, the plate on the first spring (213) will hold an explosive and push it towards the sliding groove (202). The explosive that is pushed is subjected to gravity, and since the inside of the pouring block (3) is inclined, the explosive will slide towards the bottom of the pouring block (3) and then slide from the bottom of the pouring block (3) into the blasting hole. Finally, according to the number of explosives used, rotating the handle (209) will generate a few jerking sensations and the corresponding number of explosives will fall.

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