An electric driven soil covering and suppression mechanism

Abstract

The present invention discloses an electric-driven soil covering and suppressing mechanism; wherein a suppressing wheel frame is hinged to a front mounting plate; a spring-driven motor is connected to the end of a trapezoidal screw via a first worm gear; a spring-mounted slider is mounted on the trapezoidal screw via a threaded fit; the two ends of the spring are mounted on the spring-mounted slider and the mounting plate, respectively; a wheel angle-driven motor is connected to a ring gear drive gear via a second worm gear; the ring gear drive gear meshes with a quarter ring gear below; the quarter ring gear is fixed to the upper end of a U-shaped suppressing wheel mounting plate; the U-shaped suppressing wheel mounting plate includes a middle fixing plate for mounting a rubber suppressing wheel; the U-shaped suppressing wheel mounting plate is rotatably connected to the suppressing wheel frame via bolts and a bushing; the control system includes: a main controller, a furrowing depth detection device, and a soil condition detection device. The present invention realizes the adjustment of the suppressing pressure of the soil covering and suppressing wheel on the ground and the amount of soil covering by the soil covering and suppressing wheel during the operation of the seed drill.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular to an electrically driven soil covering and suppressing mechanism applied to a corn planter. Background Art

[0002] During the corn seed sowing process, after the furrow is opened by the furrow opener, the seeds are sent into the furrow by the seed meter. At this time, the soil on both sides of the furrow needs to be turned over to cover the seeds. In addition, the soil needs to be compacted to ensure that the seeds are in full contact with the soil, which is crucial for seed germination and initial growth.

[0003] Currently, the soil-covering and pressure-reducing mechanisms on most seed drills use a non-active spring-adjustable mechanism. This makes it impossible to adjust the opening and closing angle of the soil-covering and pressure-reducing wheel, or the pressure applied to the soil, during the sowing process. Adjustments can only be made manually after sowing, by lifting the seeding unit. This is a cumbersome operation, relying solely on the operator's experience and lag-induced. In areas with severely undulating terrain, ensuring consistent seeding depth is often difficult, leading to uneven seedling emergence in the early stages of growth.

[0004] To this end, the present invention discloses an electrically driven soil covering and suppressing mechanism, which can adjust the suppressing force and the amount of soil covering in real time during the sowing process without waiting for the sowing to be completed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the problems existing in the background technology, the present invention provides an electric-driven soil covering and pressing mechanism, which can automatically adjust the spring tension and the opening and closing angles between the V-shaped rubber pressing wheel groups according to the detected ground conditions during the operation of the seed drill, so as to simultaneously adjust the size of the ground pressing force and the change of the soil covering amount. It is characterized by comprising: a control system, a V-shaped rubber pressing wheel group, a pressing wheel frame, a U-shaped pressing wheel mounting plate, a spring drive motor, a first worm gear, a wheel angle drive motor, a second worm gear, a quarter gear ring, a trapezoidal screw, a first fixed block, a second fixed block, a gear ring drive gear, a spring , a spring-mounted slider, a shaft sleeve and a mounting plate, wherein the pressing wheel frame is hinged to the mounting plate in front; the spring-driven motor is installed above the pressing wheel frame, and the power output of the spring-driven motor is connected to the worm of the first worm gear; the wheel hole of the worm wheel in the first worm gear is connected to the end of the trapezoidal screw through a flat key, and the trapezoidal screw is installed with a spring-mounted slider through threaded cooperation, and the two ends of the spring are respectively installed on the spring-mounted slider and the mounting plate; the first fixed block and the second fixed block are respectively installed at the two ends below the pressing wheel frame, and the front and rear parts of the trapezoidal screw are respectively installed in the first fixed block and the second fixed block through the first bearing and the second bearing;

[0006] The wheel angle drive motor is installed in front of the pressing wheel frame, and the power output of the wheel angle drive motor is connected to the worm of the second worm gear; a ring gear drive gear is installed on the wheel shaft of the worm gear in the second worm gear, and the ring gear drive gear is meshed with the quarter gear ring below, and the quarter gear ring is fixed to the upper end of the U-shaped pressing wheel mounting plate; the U-shaped pressing wheel mounting plate includes an upper fixing plate for connecting to the pressing wheel frame, a middle fixing plate for installing the rubber pressing wheel, and a central connecting plate for maintaining the angle between the two rubber pressing wheels in the V-shaped rubber pressing wheel group, and the upper fixing plate, the middle fixing plate, the central connecting plate, the middle fixing plate and the upper fixing plate are integrally formed in sequence to form a U shape; each middle fixing plate is installed with a rubber pressing wheel through a bearing, and the U-shaped pressing wheel mounting plate is rotatably connected to the pressing wheel frame through bolts and shaft sleeves;

[0007] The control system includes: a main controller, a trenching depth detection device and a soil condition detection device, wherein the main controller includes a motor control module, and a trenching depth collection module and a soil condition collection module connected to the motor control module, the motor control module is connected to the spring drive motor and the wheel angle drive motor, the trenching depth collection module is connected to the trenching detector, and the soil condition collection module is connected to the soil moisture sensor and the soil organic matter content sensor;

[0008] When the trenching depth detection device detects the depth information of the trenching by the trench opener, it is transmitted to the trenching depth collection module of the main controller. If the distance sensor detects that the trenching depth fluctuates, the motor control module simultaneously controls the spring drive motor and the wheel angle drive motor to rotate, thereby changing the amount of soil covering and the pressing force at the same time to ensure that the crop seeds are planted at a consistent depth in the soil.

[0009] The amount of soil covering and the ballast pressure increase simultaneously as the trenching depth deepens.

[0010] The amount of soil covering and the ballast pressure are reduced simultaneously when the trenching depth becomes shallower.

[0011] The soil condition monitoring device transmits the soil condition information to a database for recording.

[0012] When the soil moisture changes, the soil condition collection module will send a signal to the motor control module. The motor control module will control the spring tension at the rear through the spring drive motor alone to change the suppression pressure; and restore the suppression pressure after the soil condition recovers.

[0013] The two rubber pressure wheels in the V-shaped rubber pressure wheel set form an angle of 32 degrees between them.

[0014] The furrowing depth detection device is installed behind the furrow opener on the sowing unit.

[0015] The trenching depth detection device is a laser sensor, an infrared sensor or a photoelectric sensor.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] 1. It is realized that during the working process of the seeder, the pressing pressure of the soil covering and pressing wheel on the ground and the amount of soil covered by the soil covering and pressing wheel can be adjusted.

[0018] 2. The motor control module in the control system controls the tamping force and soil covering amount simultaneously through a high-precision DC servo motor, which greatly improves the consistency of sowing depth and is conducive to uniform seed growth. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a front view schematic diagram of an embodiment of an electric-driven soil covering and suppression mechanism of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 is an axonometric diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the installation position of the fixing block in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the bearing installation position in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 4 is a flowchart of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Among them, 1: V-shaped rubber pressure wheel assembly; 2: pressure wheel frame; 3: U-shaped pressure wheel mounting plate; 4: spring drive motor; 5: first worm gear; 6: wheel angle drive motor; 7: second worm gear; 8: quarter ring gear; 9: trapezoidal screw; 10: first fixed block; 11: second fixed block; 12: ring gear drive gear; 13: spring; 14: spring mounting slider; 15: first bearing; 16: second bearing; 17: bushing; 18: mounting plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] like Figures 1 to 4 The embodiment of the present invention shown includes: a control system, a V-shaped rubber pressure wheel assembly 1, a pressure wheel frame 2, a U-shaped pressure wheel mounting plate 3, a spring drive motor 4, a first worm gear 5, a wheel angle drive motor 6, a second worm gear 7, a quarter ring gear 8, a trapezoidal screw 9, a ring gear drive gear 12, a spring 13, a spring mounting slider 14, a shaft sleeve 17 and a mounting plate 18, wherein the pressure wheel frame 2 is hinged to the front mounting plate 18;

[0027] The spring drive motor 4 is installed above the pressing wheel frame 2, and the power output of the spring drive motor 4 is connected to the worm of the first worm gear 5; the wheel hole of the worm wheel in the first worm gear 5 is connected to the end of the trapezoidal screw 9 through a flat key, and a spring hanging slider 14 is installed on the trapezoidal screw 9 through threaded cooperation, and the two ends of the spring 13 are respectively installed on the spring hanging slider 14 and the mounting plate 18; the first fixed block 10 and the second fixed block 11 are respectively installed at the two ends below the pressing wheel frame 2, and the front and rear parts of the trapezoidal screw 9 are respectively installed in the first fixed block 10 and the second fixed block 11 through the first bearing 15 and the second bearing 16;

[0028] The wheel angle drive motor 6 is installed in front of the pressing wheel frame 2, and the power output of the wheel angle drive motor 6 is connected to the worm of the second worm gear 7; a ring gear drive gear 12 is installed on the wheel shaft of the worm wheel in the second worm gear 7, and the ring gear drive gear 12 is meshed with the quarter ring gear 8 below, and the quarter ring gear 8 is fixed to the upper end of the U-shaped pressing wheel mounting plate 3. The U-shaped pressing wheel mounting plate 3 includes an upper fixing plate for connecting to the pressing wheel frame 2, a middle fixing plate for installing the rubber pressing wheel, and a central connecting plate for maintaining the angle between the two rubber pressing wheels in the V-shaped rubber pressing wheel group 1, and the upper fixing plate, middle fixing plate, central connecting plate, middle fixing plate and upper fixing plate are integrally formed in sequence to form a U shape; each middle fixing plate is equipped with a rubber pressing wheel through a bearing, and the U-shaped pressing wheel mounting plate 3 is rotatably connected to the pressing wheel frame 2 through bolts and shaft sleeves 17.

[0029] In this embodiment, since the first worm gear 5 adopts a hole output transmission method and is connected to the trapezoidal screw with a flat key, the trapezoidal screw is equipped with a spring-mounted slider 14, and the slider has a thread inside; therefore, when the trapezoidal screw is rotated by the motor and the worm gear component, the spring-mounted slider 14 moves back and forth, pulling the spring 13 at the same time, changing the elongation of the spring 13, so that the main body of the pressing wheel frame 2 can be rotated to a certain angle relative to the mounting device, and the tension of the spring 13 can also be changed.

[0030] In this embodiment, since the second worm gear 7 adopts a double-sided shaft output method, a ring gear drive gear 12 is installed on the worm gear shaft of the second worm gear 7, and the ring gear drive gear 12 is engaged with the quarter ring gear 8, and the quarter ring gear 8 is connected to the U-shaped pressing wheel mounting plate 3 by fastening bolts; therefore, when the ring gear drive gear 12 rotates, the U-shaped pressing wheel mounting plate 3 rotates with the connection with the pressing wheel frame 2 as the center of the circle, and the grounding position of the V-shaped rubber pressing wheel group 1 is changed by changing the angle, thereby changing the area size of the soil between the two rubber pressing wheels when the V-shaped rubber pressing wheel group 1 is grounded, so that the two rubber pressing wheels press different amounts of soil above the groove, thereby causing changes in the amount of soil covering and the compaction effect.

[0031] In this embodiment, the V-shaped rubber pressing wheel set 1 is used to cover and press the soil after trenching, so the two rubber pressing wheels in the V-shaped rubber pressing wheel set 1 form an angle of 32°.

[0032] In this embodiment, the pressing wheel frame 2 adopts a hollow structure.

[0033] like Figure 5 The control system shown includes: a main controller, a trenching depth detection device, and a soil condition detection device. The main controller includes a motor control module, a trenching depth collection module, and a soil condition collection module connected to the motor control module. Each module in the main controller needs to be used in conjunction with the trenching depth detection device and the soil condition detection device to form a complete system. The motor control module is connected to the spring drive motor 4 and the wheel angle drive motor 6, the trenching depth collection module is connected to the trenching detector, and the soil condition collection module is connected to the soil moisture sensor and the soil organic matter content sensor.

[0034] When the furrowing depth detection device detects the depth information of the furrowing by the furrow opener, it is transmitted to the furrowing depth collection module of the main controller. If the distance sensor detects that the furrowing depth fluctuates, the motor control module controls the spring drive motor 4 to rotate to change the pressure; the motor control module also controls the wheel angle drive motor 6 to rotate to change the amount of soil covering; specifically, if the furrowing depth becomes deeper during the sowing process, the furrowing depth collection module will send an increase signal (according to the corresponding relationship during calibration) to the motor control module, and the motor control module will control the rear covering wheel to increase the spacing and increase the amount of soil covering through the wheel angle drive motor 6; at the same time, the spring drive motor 4 controls the tension of the rear spring 13 to increase the pressure; by adjusting the movement of the rear covering wheel and the spring 13 at the same time, it is ensured that the crop seeds obtain a consistent planting depth in the soil.

[0035] Since the soil information of cultivated land is generally balanced, the soil condition monitoring device is mainly used to monitor the soil condition information and transmit it to the database for recording together with the coordinates (estimated based on the movement information); however, if there is a sudden and drastic change in soil moisture, it is usually determined to be an abnormal situation. The soil condition collection module sends a signal to the motor control module based on the abnormal situation. The motor control module will control the tension of the rear spring 13 through the spring drive motor 4 to appropriately change the suppression pressure; and restore the suppression pressure after the soil condition recovers.

[0036] In this embodiment, the control system also includes: a touch screen, a 24V DC power supply and a transformer, wherein all electronic parts in the control system are powered by the 24V DC power supply, and the transformer is used to power components such as the touch screen and the main controller. Therefore, the touch screen, the main controller, the motor controller, the wheel angle drive motor 6 and the spring drive motor 4 are all connected to the 24V DC power supply through the transformer.

[0037] In this embodiment, the furrowing depth detection device is installed behind the furrow opener on the sowing unit. When the furrow opener opens the furrow, the detection device immediately performs detection to prevent soil backflow from affecting the detection accuracy. Specifically, a laser sensor, infrared sensor or photoelectric sensor is used.

[0038] The electric-driven soil covering and suppression mechanism mainly realizes two functions. On the one hand, it realizes the change of the grounding position of the V-shaped rubber suppression wheel group 1 to achieve the purpose of changing the amount of soil covering. The realization of this function mainly relies on the wheel angle driving motor 6 to drive the second worm gear 7 to transmit the power of the motor. The output end of the worm gear is equipped with a ring gear driving gear 12, which is engaged with the quarter ring gear 8. The quarter ring gear 8 is installed on the U-shaped suppression wheel mounting plate 3. At the same time, the U-shaped suppression wheel mounting plate 3 is also equipped with a V-shaped rubber suppression wheel group 1, which is driven by the ring gear driving gear 12 to rotate and then drive the U-shaped suppression wheel mounting plate 3 to rotate. The U-shaped suppression wheel mounting plate 3 is connected to the suppression wheel through the shaft pin. The frame 2 is connected, and under the drive of the ring gear drive gear 12, the U-shaped pressing wheel mounting plate 3 rotates at a certain angle with the connection with the pressing wheel frame 2 as the center of the circle; because when the ring gear drive gear 12 is engaged with one end of the quarter ring gear 8 (the rear end in this embodiment), the direction of the U-shaped pressing wheel mounting plate 3 is perpendicular to the ground, and the position with the smallest spacing between the V-shaped rubber pressing wheel group 1 contacts the ground, the depth of soil covering is relatively shallow, and the amount of soil covering is relatively small, which is suitable for sowing smaller seeds or shallow-rooted plants; otherwise, it is suitable for sowing larger seeds or deep-rooted plants; so when the U-shaped pressing wheel mounting plate 3 rotates, the contact position of the V-shaped rubber pressing wheel group 1 with the ground can be changed to control the amount of soil covering. On the other hand, the control of the ground pressure is achieved. The spring drive motor 4 transmits power to the rectangular screw through the worm gear reducer 1, driving the rectangular screw to rotate. The spring hanging slider 14 is installed on the rectangular screw. When the rectangular screw rotates, the spring hanging slider 14 can move axially along the direction of the rectangular screw. One end of the spring 13 is hung on the spring hanging slider 14, and the other end is connected to the mounting plate 18. When the spring hanging slider 14 moves on the rectangular screw, the stretching length of the spring 13 will also change accordingly, thereby changing the pressure of the suppression device on the ground.

Claims

1. An electrically driven soil covering and suppression mechanism, characterized in that: include: A control system, a V-shaped rubber pressure wheel assembly (1), a pressure wheel frame (2), a U-shaped pressure wheel mounting plate (3), a spring drive motor (4), a first worm gear (5), a wheel angle drive motor (6), a second worm gear (7), a quarter ring gear (8), a trapezoidal screw (9), a first fixed block (10), a second fixed block (11), a ring gear drive gear (12), a spring (13), a spring mounting slide (14), a shaft sleeve (17) and a mounting plate (18), wherein the pressure wheel frame (2) is hinged to the front mounting plate (18); the spring drive motor (4) is installed above the pressure wheel frame (2), and the spring drive motor (4) is installed above the pressure wheel frame (2). The power output of the motor (4) is connected to the worm of the first worm gear (5); the wheel hole of the worm wheel in the first worm gear (5) is connected to the end of the trapezoidal screw (9) through a flat key, and a spring hanging slider (14) is installed on the trapezoidal screw (9) through threaded matching, and the two ends of the spring (13) are respectively installed on the spring hanging slider (14) and the mounting plate (18); the first fixed block (10) and the second fixed block (11) are respectively installed at the two ends below the pressing wheel frame (2), and the front and rear parts of the trapezoidal screw (9) are respectively installed in the first fixed block (10) and the second fixed block (11) through the first bearing (15) and the second bearing (16); The wheel angle driving motor (6) is installed in front of the pressing wheel frame (2), and the power output of the wheel angle driving motor (6) is connected to the worm of the second worm gear (7); a ring gear driving gear (12) is installed on the wheel shaft of the worm wheel in the second worm gear (7), and the ring gear driving gear (12) is engaged with the quarter ring gear (8) below, and the quarter ring gear (8) is fixed to the upper end of the U-shaped pressing wheel mounting plate (3); the U-shaped pressing wheel mounting plate (3) includes a (2) an upper fixing plate connected, a middle fixing plate for mounting a rubber pressure wheel, and a central connecting plate for maintaining the angle between two rubber pressure wheels in the V-shaped rubber pressure wheel group (1), and the upper fixing plate, the middle fixing plate, the central connecting plate, the middle fixing plate and the upper fixing plate are sequentially integrated to form a U shape; each middle fixing plate is mounted with a rubber pressure wheel via a bearing, and the U-shaped pressure wheel mounting plate (3) is rotatably connected to the pressure wheel frame (2) via bolts and a shaft sleeve (17); The control system comprises: a main controller, a trenching depth detection device and a soil condition detection device, wherein the main controller comprises a motor control module, and a trenching depth collection module and a soil condition collection module connected to the motor control module; the motor control module is connected to a spring drive motor (4) and a wheel angle drive motor (6); the trenching depth collection module is connected to a trenching detector; and the soil condition collection module is connected to a soil moisture sensor and a soil organic matter content sensor.

2. The electrically driven soil covering and suppressing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the trenching depth detection device detects the depth information of the trenching by the trench opener, it is transmitted to the trenching depth collection module of the main controller. If the distance sensor detects that the trenching depth fluctuates, the motor control module simultaneously controls the spring drive motor and the wheel angle drive motor to rotate, thereby changing the amount of soil covering and the pressing force at the same time to ensure that the crop seeds are planted at a consistent depth in the soil.

3. The electrically driven soil covering and suppressing mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The amount of soil covering and the ballast pressure increase simultaneously as the trenching depth deepens.

4. The electrically driven soil covering and suppressing mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The amount of soil covering and the ballast pressure are reduced simultaneously when the trenching depth becomes shallower.

5. An electrically driven soil covering and suppressing mechanism according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The soil condition detection device transmits the soil condition information to a database for recording.

6. The electrically driven soil covering and suppressing mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the soil moisture changes, the soil condition collection module will send a signal to the motor control module. The motor control module will control the spring tension at the rear through the spring drive motor alone to change the suppression pressure; and restore the suppression pressure after the soil condition recovers.

7. The electrically driven soil covering and suppressing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two rubber pressure wheels in the V-shaped rubber pressure wheel set (1) form an angle of 32° between them.

8. The electrically driven soil covering and suppressing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The furrowing depth detection device is installed behind the furrow opener on the sowing unit.

9. The electrically driven soil covering and suppressing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trenching depth detection device is a laser sensor, an infrared sensor or a photoelectric sensor.

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