Functional materials, devices and methods for separating non-polar and / or weakly polar organic materials in aqueous bodies

Abstract

The application discloses a functional material, a device and a method for separating non-polar and / or weakly polar organic matters in water bodies. The functional material is oil-wet and water-repellent fiber or oil-wet and water-repellent sponge. The oil-wet and water-repellent fiber comprises quartz fiber and polysiloxane coated on the surface of the quartz fiber. The oil-wet and water-repellent sponge comprises melamine sponge and polysiloxane coated on the surface of the melamine sponge. The device for separating non-polar and / or weakly polar organic matters in water bodies comprises a primary separator and a secondary separator. The water outlet of the primary separator is connected with the water inlet of the secondary separator. The primary separator is filled with oil-wet and water-repellent quartz fiber. The secondary separator is filled with oil-wet and water-repellent sponge. The application has high separation efficiency for non-polar and weakly polar organic pollutants in wastewater, and can effectively reduce organic pollutants in water bodies.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of liquid-liquid separation technology. More specifically, this invention relates to functional materials, devices and methods suitable for removing non-polar and / or weakly polar organic matter from water. Background Technology

[0002] Petrochemical production processes often generate large quantities of mixtures of nonpolar and / or weakly polar organic matter with water. Due to the interfacial activity of some organic compounds and their exposure to multiple mechanical shearing forces during flow, these liquid mixtures often exhibit a stable emulsion state, forming emulsions of nonpolar and / or weakly polar organic matter with water, which are heterogeneous liquid-liquid systems. This emulsification characteristic increases the difficulty of reducing the organic load in these liquid mixtures. These liquid mixtures have complex organic compositions, are difficult to treat, and pose a serious threat to aquatic environments and human health.

[0003] Traditional separation methods based on liquid-liquid density differences (e.g., static sedimentation under gravity and vortex flow under hypergravity) are effective for separating layered liquid-liquid mixtures. However, they have significant limitations in terms of separation accuracy, energy consumption, and environmental impact when it comes to emulsion systems, and are not suitable for emulsions formed by non-polar and / or weakly polar organic compounds and water. Therefore, designing new, energy-efficient, and environmentally friendly methods and technologies for separating emulsions formed by non-polar and / or weakly polar organic compounds and water has significant theoretical value and application prospects.

[0004] In nature, there exist biological interfaces with special wettability, exhibiting different wettabilities to two immiscible liquid phases. Inspired by this, researchers have constructed biomimetic interface materials with special wettability, utilizing the difference in wettability of the material surface to two immiscible phases to achieve oil-water separation. After more than a decade of development, oil-water separation systems based on biomimetic interface wettability regulation have been gradually established, and the preparation and research of biomimetic oil-water separation materials have become increasingly diversified. Currently, the oil-water separation functional materials reported in the literature (with few reports on industrial applications for high-oil-content wastewater) mainly include membrane materials, coalescing materials, and sponge materials with special wettability. During the development of these materials, the wettability of the materials is generally evaluated using oils such as isooctane, No. 0 diesel, and liquid paraffin, and the oil-water separation effect is evaluated using emulsions of the above oils and water. These oils are composed of non-polar hydrocarbons, and when used to evaluate the wettability or oil-water separation effect of the materials, they cannot truly reflect the separation effect of the materials on actual oily wastewater (which contains various weakly polar organic compounds in addition to non-polar hydrocarbons). These biomimetic separation materials still face significant limitations in separating complex liquid-liquid heterogeneous systems (such as wastewater containing large amounts of nonpolar and / or weakly polar organic matter). This is because various organic compounds in water possess different polarities, varying solubilities in water, and different degrees of wettability between the organic compounds and water on the material surface, all of which affect the accuracy of oil-water separation. Furthermore, the mechanical properties and weather resistance of these separation materials are difficult to adapt to complex working conditions, and their preparation processes are complex and costly, significantly limiting their application in practical engineering. Therefore, developing low-cost, environmentally friendly functional materials suitable for separating emulsions of nonpolar and / or weakly polar organic matter with water is both urgent and has broad application prospects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide functional materials, devices and methods that can effectively separate non-polar and / or weakly polar organic pollutants in water.

[0006] To achieve the objectives of this invention, in a first aspect, this invention provides a functional material for separating nonpolar and / or weakly polar organic matter from water, said functional material being an oleophilic-hydrophobic fiber or an oleophilic-hydrophobic sponge, wherein the oleophilic-hydrophobic fiber comprises the following components:

[0007] Quartz fiber;

[0008] Polysiloxane coating the surface of the quartz fiber;

[0009] The oleophilic and hydrophobic sponge comprises the following components:

[0010] melamine sponge;

[0011] Polysiloxane coating the surface of the melamine sponge.

[0012] Preferably, the quartz fiber has a diameter of 1~3 μm, and the melamine sponge has an open porosity of not less than 99%, with the fibers connected to form a three-dimensional network structure.

[0013] Preferably, the nonpolar organic compound is a hydrocarbon, and the weakly polar organic compound is a hydrocarbon derivative, more preferably a nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocyclic compound, an aromatic amine, a sulfur-containing heterocyclic compound, or a phenol.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the functional material described in the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the oleophilic and hydrophobic fibers are prepared through the following steps:

[0015] (1) The quartz fiber is pretreated at 400~550 °C for 1~4 h and then cooled to 0~35 °C to obtain the pretreated quartz fiber;

[0016] (2) Coat the pretreated quartz fiber surface with polysiloxane solution, and then dry and cure it;

[0017] The oleophilic and hydrophobic sponge is prepared by the following steps:

[0018] (3) The melamine sponge is soaked and cleaned with one or more of anhydrous ethanol, propanol, and acetone, then dried at 60~95 ​​°C, and then cooled to 0~35 °C to obtain the pretreated melamine sponge.

[0019] (4) Coat the pretreated melamine sponge surface with polysiloxane solution, and then dry and cure it.

[0020] Preferably, the solute in the polysiloxane solution is a mixture of unsaturated bond-terminated polysiloxane and a curing agent, and the solvent is one of petroleum ether and n-hexane, wherein the mass ratio of unsaturated bond-terminated polysiloxane, curing agent, and solvent is 1 : (0.095-0.105) : (20-99). The unsaturated bond-terminated polysiloxane includes, but is not limited to, vinyl-terminated, allyl-terminated, ethynyl-terminated, and propargyl-terminated polysiloxanes. The curing agent is a Si-H-containing siloxane capable of undergoing a crosslinking and curing reaction with the unsaturated bond-terminated polysiloxane, and a trace amount of platinum-based catalyst (1×10⁻⁶) capable of catalyzing this reaction. -6The polysiloxanes containing Si-H, including but not limited to poly(dimethylsiloxane-co-methylhydrosiloxane)trimethylsilane (CAS: 68037-59-2) and polymethylhydrosiloxane (CAS: 63148-57-2), are mol / g. Platinum-based catalysts include, but are not limited to, monochloroplatinic acid, platinum-1,3-diethylene-1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane complex, and platinum-2,4,6,8-tetramethyl-2,4,6,8-tetravinylcyclotetrasiloxane complex. The polysiloxane solution is coated onto the surface of pretreated quartz fiber or pretreated melamine sponge through impregnation.

[0021] Preferably, the drying and curing temperature in step (2) or (4) is 95~110 °C and the drying and curing time is 3~5 h.

[0022] Thirdly, the present invention provides an apparatus for separating non-polar and / or weakly polar organic matter from water, comprising a primary separator and a secondary separator, wherein the outlet of the primary separator is connected to the inlet of the secondary separator, characterized in that the primary separator is filled with the oleophilic and hydrophobic quartz fiber described in the first aspect of the present invention, and the secondary separator is filled with the oleophilic and hydrophobic sponge described in the first aspect of the present invention. The apparatus provided by the present invention can appropriately increase the number of separator stages according to the water quality of the raw water.

[0023] Preferably, the apparatus for separating non-polar and / or weakly polar organic matter in water disclosed in this invention may include two switchable secondary separators.

[0024] Preferably, the primary separator includes an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, a guide port arranged at the upper part of the inner cylinder, a first material layer and a second material layer filled from bottom to top in the inner cylinder, a support plate disposed at the bottom end face of the first material layer and the upper end face of the second material layer, an oil collection chamber disposed at the upper part of the outer cylinder, a water inlet disposed at the center of the bottom of the inner cylinder, a water outlet disposed at the lower part of the outer cylinder, and an oil phase outlet disposed at the upper part of the oil collection chamber.

[0025] Preferably, the first material layer is filled with the pretreated quartz fiber described in the second aspect of the present invention, and the second material layer is filled with the oleophilic and hydrophobic quartz fiber described in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0026] Preferably, the secondary separator includes a cylinder, a third material layer filled in the cylinder, a support plate disposed at the bottom of the third material layer, a cylinder disposed at the top of the cylinder, and a pressure plate fixed to the front end of the piston rod of the cylinder. The piston rod of the cylinder can extend under air pressure, driving the pressure plate to squeeze the third material layer and squeeze out the non-polar and / or weakly polar organic matter adsorbed by the third material layer. When the piston rod of the cylinder retracts, the third material layer returns to its fluffy state.

[0027] Preferably, the secondary separator further includes a compressed air inlet and a compressed air outlet connected to the cylinder, and the piston rod of the cylinder can be extended or retracted by switching the compressed air inlet and outlet of the cylinder.

[0028] Preferably, the third material layer is filled with the oleophilic and hydrophobic sponge described in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0029] Fourthly, the present invention provides a method for separating non-polar and / or weakly polar organic matter in water using the apparatus of the third aspect of the present invention. The raw water enters from the inlet of the primary separator, and after the aggregation effect of the first and second material layers, most of the non-polar and / or weakly polar organic matter droplets agglomerate into large droplets, which float and separate from the water at a relatively fast speed and enter the oil collection chamber. The aqueous phase enters the secondary separator from the outlet of the primary separator, and after the adsorption effect of the third material layer, the non-polar and / or weakly polar organic matter in the water is further removed, and the water is discharged from the outlet of the secondary separator.

[0030] Preferably, when the third material layer of the secondary separator becomes saturated, the effluent from the primary separator switches to the standby secondary separator. Simultaneously, compressed air is supplied to the cylinder of the shut-down secondary separator. Under this pressure, the piston rod extends, causing the pressure plate at the piston rod's tip to squeeze the third material layer, expelling the non-polar and / or weakly polar organic matter adsorbed by the third material layer. This expelled organic matter is then discharged through the concentrate outlet located at the bottom of the secondary separator. After the squeezing of the third material layer is complete, the piston rod retracts by switching the compressed air inlet and outlet of the cylinder, restoring the third material layer to its fluffy state. The two secondary separators can be switched in this manner.

[0031] In this invention, three functional materials are integrated: hydrophilic pretreated quartz fiber, oleophilic hydrophobic quartz fiber, and oleophilic hydrophobic sponge. This enables efficient separation of both non-polar organic matter and weakly polar organic pollutants in water. The hydrophilic pretreated quartz fiber and the oleophilic hydrophobic quartz fiber work synergistically to promote oil droplet aggregation and accelerate buoyancy separation, while the oleophilic hydrophobic sponge promotes the adsorption of oily substances through the combined effects of surface wettability and capillary forces.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0033] 1. This invention is based on the difference in wettability of solid material surfaces to oil and water to separate oil pollutants in water. It is a physical separation water treatment technology with the advantages of low energy consumption, high efficiency, no secondary pollution, and recyclable petroleum resources.

[0034] 2. This invention integrates three oil-water separation functional materials, which exhibits a high efficiency in separating both non-polar organic matter and weakly polar organic pollutants in wastewater, and can effectively reduce organic pollutants in water bodies.

[0035] 3. The preparation process of the functional materials of the present invention is simple and low in cost. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 The quartz fiber is pretreated.

[0037] Figure 2 It is an oleophilic and hydrophobic quartz fiber.

[0038] Figure 3 It is an oleophilic and hydrophobic melamine sponge material.

[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the device process. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Through these descriptions, the features and advantages of the present invention will become clearer and more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative and explanatory purposes only and do not limit the scope of the invention.

[0041] The term “exemplary” as used herein means “serving as an example, embodiment, or illustration.” Any embodiment illustrated herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as superior to or better than other embodiments. Although various aspects of embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated otherwise.

[0042] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0043] The preparation method of the oleophilic and hydrophobic quartz fiber in the following embodiments includes the following steps: (1) Quartz fiber (fiber diameter 1~3 μm) is placed in a muffle furnace at 450 °C for 2 h for pretreatment, and then cooled to room temperature to obtain pretreated quartz fiber; (2) The pretreated quartz fiber is immersed in a polysiloxane solution (vinyl-terminated polysiloxane: curing agent: n-hexane = 1:0.105:98.9; the curing agent is poly(dimethylsiloxane-co-methylhydrosiloxane)trimethylsilane, and contains a catalyst platinum-2,4,6,8-tetramethyl-2,4,6,8-tetravinylcyclotetrasiloxane complex) for 10 min, and then placed in an oven at 105 °C for drying and curing for 4 h to obtain the oleophilic and hydrophobic quartz fiber of the present invention.

[0044] Pretreated quartz fibers prepared by the above method, such as Figure 1 As shown, oleophilic and hydrophobic quartz fibers, such as Figure 2 As shown.

[0045] The preparation method of the oleophilic and hydrophobic sponge in the following embodiments includes the following steps: (1) melamine sponge (open porosity 99.1%) is soaked and cleaned with acetone, then dried at 80 °C, and then cooled to room temperature to obtain pretreated melamine sponge; (2) the pretreated melamine sponge is immersed in a polysiloxane solution (vinyl-terminated polysiloxane: curing agent: n-hexane = 1:0.096:98.9; the curing agent is poly(dimethylsiloxane-co-methylhydrosiloxane)trimethylsilane, and contains a catalyst platinum-2,4,6,8-tetramethyl-2,4,6,8-tetravinylcyclotetrasiloxane complex) for 10 min, and then placed in an oven at 100 °C to dry and cure for 4 h to obtain the oleophilic and hydrophobic sponge of the present invention.

[0046] The oleophilic and hydrophobic sponge prepared by the above method is as follows: Figure 3 As shown.

[0047] In the following embodiments, the apparatus for separating nonpolar and weakly polar organic matter in water is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, it includes a primary separator 100 and two secondary separators 200 and 300 with two switching operations.

[0048] The primary separator 100 includes an outer cylinder 111, an inner cylinder 112, a guide port 113 arranged at the upper part of the inner cylinder, a pretreated quartz fiber bed 114 (i.e., "first material layer", 45mm high) filled from bottom to top in the inner cylinder, an oleophilic and hydrophobic quartz fiber layer 115 (i.e., "second material layer", 35mm high), a porous support plate 116 disposed on the bottom end face of the first material layer 114 and the upper end face of the second material layer 115, an oil collection chamber 117 disposed at the top of the outer cylinder, a water inlet 118 disposed at the center of the bottom of the inner cylinder, a water outlet 119 disposed at the lower part of the outer cylinder, and an oil phase outlet 120 disposed at the upper part of the oil collection chamber.

[0049] The secondary separator 200 includes a secondary separator cylinder 211, an oleophilic and hydrophobic sponge material layer 212 (i.e., the "third material layer", with a height of 35mm) filled in the secondary separator cylinder, a support plate 213 located at the bottom of the third material layer 212, a cylinder 214 located at the top of the secondary separator cylinder, a pressure plate 216 fixed to the front end of the piston rod 215 of the secondary separator on the cylinder, a compressed air inlet 217 of the secondary separator (including two branch inlets 217-a and 217-b), compressed air outlets 218 and 219 of the secondary separator, a concentrate outlet 220 located at the bottom of the secondary separator cylinder, a water outlet 221 located at the top of the secondary separator cylinder, and a water inlet 222 located at the bottom of the secondary separator cylinder.

[0050] The structure of the tertiary separator 300 is the same as that of the secondary separator 200, including a tertiary separator cylinder 311, an oleophilic and hydrophobic sponge material layer 312 (i.e., the "third material layer", with a height of 35mm) filled in the tertiary separator cylinder, a support plate 313 set at the bottom of the third material layer 312, a cylinder 314 set at the top of the tertiary separator cylinder, a pressure plate 316 fixed to the front end of the piston rod 315 of the tertiary separator on the cylinder, a tertiary separator compressed air inlet 317 (including two branch inlets 217-a and 217-b), tertiary separator compressed air outlets 318 and 319, a concentrate outlet 320 set at the bottom of the tertiary separator cylinder, a water outlet 321 set at the top of the tertiary separator cylinder, and a water inlet 322 set at the bottom of the tertiary separator cylinder.

[0051] The piston rods 215 and 315 of the cylinder can extend under air pressure, driving the pressure plate to squeeze the third material layer 211 and 311, squeezing out the non-polar and weakly polar organic matter adsorbed by the third material layer; by switching the compressed air inlet and outlet of the cylinder, the piston rod of the cylinder retracts, and the third material layer returns to its fluffy state.

[0052] The outlet 119 of the primary separator 100 is connected to the inlet 222 of the secondary separator 200 and the inlets 222 and 322 of the tertiary separator 300.

[0053] When using the above-mentioned device to separate non-polar and weakly polar organic matter from water (condensate from the top of the vent tower of a delayed coking unit), the raw water enters the device through the inlet 118 of the primary separator 100. After the coalescence effect of the first material layer 114 and the second material layer 115, most of the non-polar organic matter droplets coalesce into larger droplets (i.e., oil droplets 121), which rise and separate from the water at a relatively fast speed and enter the oil collection chamber 117. The aqueous phase enters the secondary separator 200 through the outlet 119. After the adsorption effect of the third material layer 212, the weakly polar and non-polar organic matter in the water is further removed. The purified water is discharged through the outlet 221. The purified water is collected at the outlet every hour to test the concentration of non-polar and weakly polar organic matter. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0054] When the oleophilic and hydrophobic sponge material layer 212 of the secondary separator 200 becomes saturated, the effluent from the primary separator 100 switches to the standby secondary separator 300. Simultaneously, compressed air is input into the cylinder of the shut-down secondary separator 200. Under the pressure of the air, the piston rod 215 extends, driving the pressure plate 216 at the front end of the piston rod to squeeze the third material layer 212, squeezing out the non-polar and weakly polar organic matter adsorbed by the material layer, which is then discharged through the concentrate outlet 220. After the squeezing of the third material layer 212 is complete, by switching the compressed air inlet and outlet, the piston rod 215 retracts, and the third material layer 212 returns to its fluffy state. The two secondary separators can be switched in this manner.

[0055] Table 1. Separation effect of non-polar and weakly polar organic matter in the condensate at the top of the delayed coking vent tower

[0056]

[0057] Among them, a) influent; b) purified water; c) hydrocarbons; d) mainly nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocyclic compounds, aromatic amines, sulfur-containing heterocyclic compounds, phenols and other hydrocarbon derivatives.

[0058] As shown in Table 1, the method of this invention can achieve efficient separation of non-polar organic compounds and weakly polar organic compounds. Furthermore, the functional materials possess mechanical properties and weather resistance, allowing for long-term separation operations with stable results, effectively saving separation costs. This demonstrates the advanced nature of this invention.

[0059] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship in the working state of this invention. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0060] The present invention has been described above with reference to preferred embodiments; however, these embodiments are merely exemplary and illustrative. Various substitutions and modifications can be made to the present invention based on these embodiments, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for separating non-polar and / or weakly polar organic matter from water, comprising a primary separator and a secondary separator, wherein the outlet of the primary separator is connected to the inlet of the secondary separator, characterized in that, The primary separator is filled with oleophilic and hydrophobic quartz fibers, and the secondary separator is filled with oleophilic and hydrophobic sponge. The oleophilic and hydrophobic quartz fiber comprises the following components: Quartz fibers, wherein the diameter of the quartz fibers is 1~3 μm; Polysiloxane coating the surface of the quartz fiber; The oleophilic and hydrophobic quartz fiber is prepared by the following steps: (1) The quartz fiber is pretreated at 400~550 °C for 1~4 h and then cooled to 0~35 °C to obtain the pretreated quartz fiber; (2) Coating the pretreated quartz fiber surface with polysiloxane solution, then drying and curing to obtain oleophilic and hydrophobic quartz fiber. The drying and curing temperature is 95~110 °C. The oleophilic and hydrophobic sponge comprises the following components: Melamine sponge, wherein the open porosity of the melamine sponge is not less than 99%, and it is connected by fiber filaments and has a three-dimensional network structure; Polysiloxane coating the surface of the melamine sponge; Nonpolar organic compounds are hydrocarbons, and weakly polar organic compounds are hydrocarbon derivatives.

2. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The weakly polar organic compounds are nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocyclic compounds, aromatic amines, sulfur-containing heterocyclic compounds, and phenols.

3. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The solute in the polysiloxane solution is a mixture of unsaturated bond-terminated polysiloxane and curing agent, and the solvent is one of petroleum ether and n-hexane. The mass ratio of unsaturated bond-terminated polysiloxane, curing agent and solvent is 1 : (0.095-0.105) : (20-99).

4. The apparatus as described in claim 1 or 3, characterized in that, In step (2), the polysiloxane solution is coated onto the surface of the pretreated quartz fiber by impregnation.

5. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, In step (2), the drying and curing time is 3 to 5 hours.

6. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The secondary separator includes two switchable operations.

7. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 or 6, characterized in that, The primary separator includes an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, a guide port arranged at the upper part of the inner cylinder, a first material layer and a second material layer filled from bottom to top in the inner cylinder, a support plate disposed at the bottom end face of the first material layer and the upper end face of the second material layer, an oil collection chamber disposed at the upper part of the outer cylinder, a water inlet disposed at the center of the bottom of the inner cylinder, a water outlet disposed at the lower part of the outer cylinder, and an oil phase outlet disposed at the upper part of the oil collection chamber.

8. The apparatus as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that, The first material layer is filled with the pretreated quartz fiber, and the second material layer is filled with the oleophilic and hydrophobic quartz fiber.

9. The apparatus as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that, The secondary separator includes a cylinder, a third material layer filled inside the cylinder, a support plate at the bottom of the third material layer, a cylinder at the top of the cylinder, and a pressure plate fixed to the front end of the piston rod of the cylinder. The piston rod of the cylinder can extend under air pressure, driving the pressure plate to squeeze the third material layer and squeeze out the non-polar and / or weakly polar organic matter adsorbed by the third material layer. When the piston rod of the cylinder retracts, the third material layer returns to its fluffy state.

10. The apparatus as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that, It also includes a compressed air inlet and a compressed air outlet connected to the cylinder, and by switching the compressed air inlet and outlet of the cylinder, the piston rod of the cylinder can be extended or retracted.

11. The apparatus as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that, The third material layer is filled with the aforementioned oleophilic and hydrophobic sponge.

12. The apparatus as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that, The raw water enters through the inlet of the primary separator. After the aggregation effect of the first and second material layers, most of the non-polar and / or weakly polar organic droplets aggregate into larger droplets, which float and separate from the water at a relatively fast speed and enter the oil collection chamber. The aqueous phase enters the secondary separator through the outlet of the primary separator. After the adsorption effect of the third material layer, the non-polar and / or weakly polar organic matter in the water is further removed, and the water is discharged from the outlet of the secondary separator.

13. The apparatus as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that, When the third material layer of the secondary separator is saturated with adsorption, the effluent from the primary separator is switched to the standby secondary separator. At the same time, compressed air is input into the cylinder of the shut-down secondary separator. Under the action of air pressure, the piston rod of the cylinder extends, driving the pressure plate at the front end of the piston rod to squeeze the third material layer, squeezing out the non-polar and / or weakly polar organic matter adsorbed by the third material layer, and discharging it through the concentrate outlet located at the bottom of the secondary separator. After the third material layer is compressed, the piston rod of the cylinder retracts by switching the compressed air inlet and outlet of the cylinder, and the third material layer returns to its fluffy state.

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